referencing information sources: using the apa style [view presentation in slide show mode]

Travel & TourismReferencing Information Sources:

Using the APA Style

[View presentation in Slide Show mode]

Outline of Presentation:• Frequently Asked Questions• 3 Steps in Referencing• In-Text References: rules and examples• End-Text References: rules and examples (8)• 3 Written Exercises• Introduction to the online guide on

APA Referencing

FAQs

What is Referencing?• Referencing is a method of acknowledging sources of

information that you have used in your written work.

• The APA (American Psychological Association) 6th edition is the method now used at Central Institute of Technology.

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Why do you reference?

• To acknowledge the source of information and ideas of others.

• To show the breadth of your research.

• To allow the reader to be able to find and verify the information.

Study 2007

Study, 2007

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When do you have to reference?

If you:1. quote (use someone else’s exact words)2. paraphrase (convert someone else’s ideas into your own

words)3. summarise (use a brief account of someone else’s ideas) 4. copy (use statistics, figures, tables, images)

Rottnest Island, 2008

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When do you not need to give references?• References are not required for items of general knowledge or

common knowledge.

• Common knowledge includes facts that are well known within the community in which they are used.

• An example:

Rottnest Island is home to the quokka which is an Australian native animal.

Quokka, 2008

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What if you don’t reference?

Plagiarism is the term used when someone copies another person’s ideas or opinions as their own and doesn’t acknowledge the original source of the information.

Plagiarism, whether deliberate or accidental, is a form of cheating and is not acceptable.

Remember, if you plagiarise in your assignment you may fail

Where can referencing information be found ?

Book

• On the title page for the title, author and publisher

• On the back of the title page for the place and year of publication

Journal/Magazine

• On the cover

• On the second page

• Down the spine

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3 Steps in Referencing

Step 1When taking notes for an essay topic, write down all the relevant bibliographic details of your information source. For a book:

• author’s surname and initials• year of publication• title of book• edition • place of publication• publisher

Note taking, 2007

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Step 2 Insert a brief citation at the appropriate place within

the text of your essay where this information is used.

Example of an In-Text Reference:

Baker (2004, p. 27) suggests…

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Step 3 At the end of your assignment add a Reference List

containing your information sources with full citations.

Example of an End-Text Reference:

Baker, C. (2004). Western Australia: Short stay guide. Sydney: Little Hills Press.

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In-Text References

General Rules for In-Text ReferencesInclude:• author’s surname• year of publication (latest edition)• page numbers (if appropriate)

Page numbers are not necessary when you summarise or paraphrase another person’s ideas or opinions Example: …(Jones, 2010) OR Jones (2010)…

Page numbers are only necessary when you use precise information or a quotationExample: …(Douglas, 2009, p. 22) OR Douglas (2009, p.22)…

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End-Text References

General Rules for End-Text References

• List references in alphabetical order by author or sponsor

• Where there is no author or sponsor use the title

• Use italics or underlining to indicate titles

• Separate each element of the citation with a full stop

• Second and subsequent lines of a citation should be indented 5 spaces

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Referencing Exercises

Book author’s surname and initials year of publication title of book (underline or use italics) edition (if not the first) place of publication publisher

Book with Single Author

Baker, C. (2004). Western Australia: Short stay guide. Sydney: Little Hills Press.

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Book with Multiple Authors

Ashworth, S., Turner, R., & Egger, S. (2004). Western Australia. Footscray, Victoria: Lonely Planet Publications.

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Printed Journal/Magazine Article

author’s surname and initials year of publication title of article name of journal/magazine (underline or use italics) volume number issue number or date page number(s)

Printed Journal/Magazine Article

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Adam, C. (2010). Island dreaming. Travel Weekly, (130), 18-23.

Online Journal/Magazine Article author’s surname and initials year of publication title of article name of journal (underline or use italics) volume number issue number or date page number(s) Retrieved from URL of database

Online Journal/Magazine Article

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New look for Lizard Island. (2011). Hotel & Accommodation Management, 15(2), 15. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.central.wa.edu.au

Web Page

name of author or sponsor or organisation year of creation (or update year) title of web page (underline or use italics) Retrieved from URL (web address)

http://www.ecotourism.org.au/index.asp

Copyright Ecotourism Australia © 2011

Web Page

Ecotourism Australia. (2011). Welcome to ecotourism Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ecotourism.org.au/index.asp

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PDF from a Website

http://www.tourism.wa.gov.au/Research_and_Statistics/Documents/Quarterly_Tourism_Snapshot__Year_Ending_March_2011.pdf

Research Tourism Western Australia. (2011). Quarterly visitor snapshot: Year ending June 2011. Retrieved from http://www.tourism.wa.gov.au/Research_and_Statistics/Documents/ Quarterly_Tourism_Snapshot_Year_Ending_March_2011.pdf

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Brochure

Rottnest Island Authority. (2010). I spy with my little island guide: Summer 2010/2011. [Brochure]. Rottnest Island Authority.

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An Image

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In-Text Rottnest Island, 2008

End-Text

Rottnest Island [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/norahtsen78/3138180252

Book author’s surname and initials year of publication title of book (underline or use italics) edition (if not the first) place of publication publisher

(NOW DO EXERCISE 1)

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EXERCISE 1: ANSWER

White, T. (2012). Walking tours of Tasmania. London: Collins Publishers.

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Printed Journal/Magazine Article

author’s surname and initials year of publication title of article name of journal/magazine (underline or use italics) volume number issue number or date page number(s)

(NOW DO EXERCISE 2)

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EXERCISE 2: ANSWER

Adams, T. (2013). Australia’s world heritage sites. Australian Geographic, (90), 21-23.

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Web Page

name of author or sponsor or organisation year of creation (or update year) title of web page (underline or use italics) Retrieved from URL (web address)

(NOW DO EXERCISE 3)

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EXERCISE 3: ANSWER

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Tourism Australia. (2013). The cruise industry. Retrieved from www.tourism.australia.com/ markets/the-cruise-industry.aspx

Remember!

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If you require further assistance with referencing:

Ask at the Library Service Desk

Email: helplibrary@central.wa.edu.au

Check out the online guide on APA Referencing at: http://guides.dtwd.wa.gov.au/central-apaesl

Library Website: www.central.wa.edu.au/libraryLi

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© Central Institute of Technology 2014

© Central Institute of Technology 2014

© Central Institute of Technology 2014

Reference List for Images

Note taking. (2007). ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.

Quokka [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from www.flickr.com/photos/johk/3234925638/

Rottnest Island [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/norahtsen78/3138180252/

Study [Image]. (2007). ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.