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EDT 300/ENGR 306 1
Plans Plans -- For Industry, For Industry, Your Career, Your FutureYour Career, Your Future
Chapter 1Chapter 1
Sacramento City CollegeEDT 300 / ENGR 306
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Objectives Objectives Describe the role and importance of the drafting technician (drafter).
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Define key terms used in the drafting field.
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List and describe the four levels of graphic communication.
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Identify careers available within the engineering design team.
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VocabularyVocabularyComputer-aided Design and Drafting (CADD)
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Computer Literacy•
Conceptual Design•
Concurrent Engineering
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Design Drafting•
Design Drawings•
Design Engineer•
Designer
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Drafter•
Drafting Technology•
Engineer•
Production Drawing•
Prototype•
Rapid Prototyping•
Specifications•
Technical Drawings•
Technical Promotional Drawings
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ProductsProductsAny current designed product on the market could not be produced without plans.
Plans are the paper or electronic documentsused to construct
BuildingsAutomobilesAppliances, etc.
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ProductsProductsPlans consist of two components.
1. Design drawingsDescribe the design of a new product.
2. SpecificationsInformation about size, shape, materials, and surface finishes.
Both are needed to construct new products.
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Design Drawings/SpecificationsDesign Drawings/SpecificationsDesign drawings
Give the size and shape of the product.Are usually large format drawings.24 x 36; 36 x 48 etc.
SpecificationsGive a description of the product in an 8.5 x 11 text format.Booklet form.Narrative description of components.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamEach product has an engineering design teamthat produces design drawings and specifications.
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Boeing 767Boeing 767
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From Boeing WebsiteFrom Boeing Website767 Airliner Program
Began in 1981 with an order from United Airlines.Design of the 767-200 began in 1978 when an order for 30 767s was announced by United Airlines.
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From Boeing WebsiteFrom Boeing WebsiteThe first 767 - still owned by Boeing - was completed and rolled out of the Boeing plant in Everett, Wash., Aug. 4, 1981.
First flight was Sept. 26, 1981.
The 767-300 program got under way in September 1983.
The first 767-300 was delivered to Japan Airlines in September 1986.
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767 Fun Facts767 Fun FactsIf GE CF6-80C2B8F engines were attached to a typical automobile, at takeoff power the car would accelerate from zero to 60 mph (96.5 kph) in less than half a second.
The 767 is capable of cruising at altitudes up to 43,000 feet (13,106 m)
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Boeing 767Boeing 767
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767 Fun Facts767 Fun FactsThe 767-300ER and 767-400ER hold 23,980 gallons of fuel - enough to fill 1,200 minivans.
It takes only 28 minutes to fill the airplane.
It takes about 60 gallons of fuel per passenger to get from New York to London on board a 767-400ER.
The same volume of gasoline would propel an economy car about half of that distance.
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767 Fun Facts767 Fun FactsThere are 3.1 million parts in a 767 provided by more than 800 suppliers.
Electrical Wiring: There are 90 miles (145 km) in a 767-200ER.117 miles (188 km) in a 767-300ER. 125 miles (201 km) in a 767-400ER.
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Boeing 767Boeing 767
EDT 300/ENGR 306 16
The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design Team
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamA new product starts with a conceptual design (a rough design idea) and a set of preliminary design drawings.
Daimler ChryslerAuto designer has idea for a new “retro”car that looks like a panel truck from the 1940-1950 era.“PT Cruiser”.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamThe idea or “concept” starts in the mind of a designer.
The designer communicates the idea in the form of a sketch to persons who can approve the idea.
The idea is continuously refined until a final product is made.
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PT CruiserPT Cruiser
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PT CruiserPT CruiserUsually, a full-size, to-scale “mock-up” is prepared of the product before additional time is invested in developing the idea.
Market research is performed.Who will buy?Target customer group.
Cost estimates are prepared.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamA product prototype is produced next.
A product prototype is a functional modelthat allows engineers to test and analyze the product.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamChrysler would build the first group of PT cruisers in their engineering design prototype shop.
VERY costly.$150,000 for one engine !
Only a few products are produced.Each part must be custom-made in a machine shop.Time constraints are tight.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamAfter testing, the product is ready for market.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamA set of production drawings, specifications, and technical promotional drawings are completed.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamThe production drawings, and specifications are used to manufacture the product.
The technical promotional drawings(illustrations) are used to promote the product.
These are considered graphic communicationand are the language of the industry.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamThe engineering design teams are responsible for new products.
Everyone in society is a consumer of new products.
Everyone is influenced by the work of the engineer and the design drafter.
EDT 300/ENGR 306 27
Engineering Design Process Engineering Design Process Flow ChangesFlow Changes
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Engineering Field ChangesEngineering Field ChangesTraditionally, a product was developed and engineered by a system of linear steps from concept to production.
This process takes a large amount of time.
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Engineering Field ChangesEngineering Field ChangesAn automobile could take 5 years from concept to market.
Any changes in one step would require changes on the drawings and would affect other steps.
Most changes are done by hand, creating a large demand for designers and drafters.
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Engineering Field ChangesEngineering Field ChangesThe computer has changed the engineering and drafting fields.
Many industries now use concurrent engineering.
Concurrent engineering allows everyone in the company to have access to the product information database.
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Concurrent EngineeringConcurrent EngineeringSimultaneously
The engineerAccesses the design and analyze it for strength, component interferences, and clearances.
The drafterCan be working on the production drawings.
The manufacturing engineer can access the design
To start the production tooling andTo start machine programming.
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Concurrent EngineeringConcurrent EngineeringSimultaneously
The accountant can Access cost information.
Production control can Look at shop routing, materials and capacity planning.
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Concurrent EngineeringConcurrent EngineeringSimultaneously
The sales promotion department can Creates sales brochuresCreates promotional advertisements.
Products can be sent electronically to company subsidiaries throughout the world.
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Concurrent EngineeringConcurrent EngineeringConcurrent Engineering
Has revolutionized the design process.Has substantially reduced the amount of time to engineer and manufacture a product.
EDT 300/ENGR 306 37
The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design Team
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamTechnical people must now be competent in visualizing designs in both two and threedimensions.
Computer literacy is now a necessary job skill.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamMany products are now designed as three-dimensional solid models.
Computers are used to generate the models.
The computer-generated model can be used in rapid prototyping, where a plastic prototype of the product is produced.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamThe drafter is an important member of the team.
Drafting is a necessary skill for engineers and designers.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamEmployment opportunities
Junior drafter.Drafting technician.Designer.Engineer.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamJunior drafter
Requires good manual drafting and CADD skills.Requires at least one year of drafting experience.May require an associates degree in drafting technology from a technical or community college.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamDrafting technician
Has Associates Degree.One year experience.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamDesigner
Has completed a two-year degree from a technical or community college.Has some design experience.Works under an engineer’s direction.
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The Engineering Design TeamThe Engineering Design TeamEngineer
Has a four-year college degree with a specialization in one area
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsResearch and developmentDevelopment engineerProject engineerDesign engineerTechnical illustratorDesignerSenior detailerDesign drafting technicianDrafterCAD operator
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsResearch and development
Responsible for creating experiments that will explain new theories.Propose concepts for using new technologies through sketches and the use of math and science.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsDevelopment engineer
An engineer who designs research products and collects data, so the knowledge gained from data analysis can be applied to the development and enhancement of new products.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsProject engineer
Coordinates all the specialized areas of engineering and design for production or construction projects.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsDesign engineer
Applies math, science and technology principles to solve problems for production and construction.Work with project engineers, designers and drafters.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsTechnical illustrator
A specialized drafter.Creates three-dimensional pictorial or a 3D CAD model from the details of an engineering drawing.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsDesigner
Works with the engineers and drafters to turn a concept design into usable technical communications such as production drawings and specifications.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsSenior detailer
A person especially skilled in understanding the details of how things work and fit together.Typically detail complex parts and make complicated drawings understandable.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsDesign drafting technician
A person who combines design skills with drafting skills.Must be able to interpret the designer’s sketches and the engineer’s details to produce accurate design drawing for the engineer or senior detailer.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsDrafter
A junior level team member who uses drafting skills to prepare single technical drawings.Works under the direction of a senior detailer, designer, or engineer.
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Engineering Design Team PositionsEngineering Design Team PositionsCAD operator
A drafting specialist capable of preparing design and production drawings on a CAD workstation.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyEngineering, like most fields, has a language.Includes these terms:
DraftingDrafting technologyTechnical drawingTechnical sketchingMechanical drawingEngineering drawingEngineering graphicDescriptive geometry
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyDrafting
Refers to all of the previous terms.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyDrafting technology
The tools, and techniques used by designers, drafters, and engineers to develop ideas for new products unto usable technical drawings.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyTechnical drawing
A broad term for any drawing that expresses technical ideas.Includes sketches, mechanical drawings, charts and illustrations.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyTechnical sketching
Freehand technical drawing in which you use sketches to communicate the shape of ideas to others.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyMechanical drawing
A technical drawing produced with drafting instruments.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyEngineering drawing
A mechanical drawing used by engineers and other team members to describe the production of a part, its shape and size and the materials to produce the part.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyEngineering graphic
A graphic illustration (picture-like sketch) that represents physical objects.
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Engineering Design TerminologyEngineering Design TerminologyDescriptive geometry
A method for solving spacial and graphical problems using precise geometric descriptions.
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Branches of EngineeringBranches of EngineeringAreas of engineering
AerospaceArchitecturalBiomedicalChemicalCivilComputerElectricalElectronicMechanical
EDT 300/ENGR 306 68
Levels of CommunicationLevels of Communication
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Levels of CommunicationLevels of CommunicationLevel One - Creative communication
Level Two - Technical communication
Level Three - Market Communication
Level Four - Construction communication
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Levels of Communication Levels of Communication Level One - Creative communication
Graphic communication usually starts as a idea in the mind of an engineer or designer.The first sketches are
The beginning of a product and Capture the ideas for further study.
Sketching allows people to capture and express ideas quickly.The “information density level” of a picture is very high.
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Levels of CommunicationLevels of CommunicationLevel Two - Technical communication
The sketch is given to other members of the design team.The design is refined and improved through several people.The end result is a set of technical drawings that fully describe the design.
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Levels of CommunicationLevels of CommunicationLevel Three - Market Communication
The design is evaluated by the client or customer.Style, form, and function are evaluated.This level is especially important in the architectural field.
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Levels of CommunicationLevels of CommunicationLevel Four - Construction communication
Includes a set of drawings that are required to construct the product.Drawings must be complete, providing all required information about the product.
EDT 300/ENGR 306 74
First Bonus Problem First Bonus Problem
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