municipal solid waste generation, recycling, and disposal in the u.s. for 2006 u.s. epa office of...
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Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and
Disposal in the U.S. for 2006
U.S. EPA Office of Solid Waste
November 2007
Waste Management Hierarchy
• Avoid
• Reduce
• Reuse
• Recycle
• Recover
• Dispose
Most Desirable
Least Desirable
Waste Generation
Total Annual Waste Generation: 2.6 Billion Tons
Municipal Solid Waste Generation in 2006 251 Million Tons
Paper 33. 9%
Glass 5.3%Metals 7.6%
Plastics 11.7%
Other 3.3%
Food Scraps 12.4%
Yard Trimmings 12.9 %
Wood 5.5%
Rubber, leather, and textiles 7.3%
EPA 2006 Facts and Figures
Waste Generation Rates 1960-2006
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
To
tal W
aste
gen
erat
ion
(m
illio
n t
on
s)
0
2
4
6
8
10
Per
Cap
ita
gen
erat
ion
(lb
s/p
erso
n/d
ay)
Total Waste generation Per capita generation
Franklin Report 2003
How Waste is Managed
• Land Disposal
55.4%• Combustion
12.5%• Recovery
32.5%
Combustion12.5%
MSW Management in the U.S.
Recovery32.5%
Land Disposal55.%
Franklin Report 2003
Waste Recycling Rates 1960-2006
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
To
tal
Was
te R
ecyc
lin
g (
mil
lio
n t
on
s)
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
Per
cen
t o
f G
ener
atio
n R
ecyc
led
Total MSW recycling Percent recycling
Franklin Report 2003
What is being recycled in 2006?
82 Million Tons of MSW
• 51.6 % of all paper
• 71% of Corrugated
• 62% of Yard Trimmings
• 99% of Automobile Batteries
• 45% of Aluminum Cans
Composting: Food and Yard Waste
• 67million tons of organic material generated in 2006– 31.3 million tons of food
waste– 32.4 million tons of yard
trimmings
• 62% of yard trimmings was composted, 2% of food waste composted
32.433.1
20.1
0.68
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Food Wastes YardTrimmings
Mill
ion
s o
f to
ns
Generation Recovery for Composting
Number of Landfills in the U.S.
79247379
63265812
5386
4482
35583197 3091
2514 2314 2216 1967 1858 1767 1754
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Franklin Report 2003
Combustion• 31.4 million tons
(12.5%) of the total wastes generated
in 2006 were combusted
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Pe
rce
nt
of
To
tal G
en
era
tio
n
Combustion Trend
Recycling Goals for the U.S.
• 1980 9.6%
• 2000 30%
• Goal: By 2008 Reach 35%
• Goal: By 2011 Reach 40%
Benefits of Waste Prevention and Recycling
• Greenhouse gas prevention: Current national recycling rate of 32% reduces ghg emissions by 49.7 million tons of carbon equivalent – this is the same reduction you would get by taking 39.4million cars off the road for a year.
• Provides feedstock for industry: 42% aluminum. 38% paper feedstock, 67% steel
Total value of materials=$3.9 billion.
• Energy Savings: Recycling saves the equivalent amount of energy as found in 11.9 billion gallons of gasoline
Energy-Waste ConnectionEnergy Savings per ton
of material recycled
Energy Savings Per Ton Recycled(Million Btu)
206.9106.1
83.156.5
53.451.4
44.020.5
16.915.7
11.910.2
5.32.7
1.10.70.6
Aluminum CansCarpet
Copper WireLDPE
PETHDPE
Personal ComputersSteel Cans
New spaperCorrugated Cardboard
PhonebooksOffice Paper
Fly Ash
GlassMagazines/third class mail
TextbooksAggregate
Million Btu/ton
Average National Revenues for Recycled Commodities
June 2000 through August 2006
Future Directions
U.S. 2020 Vision Goals
1. Reduce wastes and increase the efficient sustainable use of resources.
2. Prevent exposures to humans and ecosystems from the use of hazardous chemicals.
3. Manage wastes and clean up chemical releases in a safe, environmentally sound manner.
Benefits to Fulfilling the Vision
• Human Health– Risk reductions– Improved living
• Ecosystem Protection– Removing hazards– Restoring land
• Material and Energy Savings– Sustainability– Conservation
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