meeting nfpa 1710: using gis to model ideal fire station allocation

Meeting NFPA 1710: Using GIS to Model Ideal Fire Station Allocation

2009 Ohio GIS Conference

September 16-18, 2009

Crowne Plaza North Hotel

Columbus, Ohio

2009 Ohio GIS Conference

September 16-18, 2009

Crowne Plaza North Hotel

Columbus, Ohio

Jennifer Weisser

GIS Coordinator

Deerfield Township

Randall W. Hanifen

Adjunct Professor/Fire Officer

University of Cincinnati/ Deerfield Township

Project Beginnings

• Fire station locations– Where to locate a new station?– Where to relocate a station?

Interdepartmental Solutions

• Need expertise from both GIS and Fire Departments to approach this project

• Building relationships with other governmental entities to facilitate data exchange

Fire Literature

• 1710: 4.1.2.1 time objectives for call response

• 1710: Appendix A explanation of standard language– 90% of calls within 6 minute response

• 1 minute dispatch time• 1 minute turnout time• 4 minute drive time

– Fractile vs. average• 90% fractile is 5.5 minutes• Average is 3.5 minutes

Fire Literature

• Fire Protection Handbook 20th edition volume 2 section 12 chapter 13: GIS for fire station locations and response protocols (AKA ESRI white paper)– Incident analysis– Travel time modeling– Importance of response time fire & EMS– Fire department total reflex time sequence dispatch

time, turnout time, response time, access time & setup time

– Reducing response times• NFPA 1221 standard for installation

maintenance & use of emergency services communication

Measuring DistanceEuclidean Network

Data - Street Network

• Clean geometry• One-way designations• Hierarchies• Speed limits• Segment distance• Conversions & calculations

– Length_miles = Shape_length/5280– Minutes = Length_miles*(60/speed_limit)

Data - Turning Penalties

Analysis Settings

Service Area Generation

Service Area GenerationNo Trim Trimmed

Service Area GenerationDetailed Polygons Generalized Polygons

Statistical Verification of Model

• Paired t-test– To compare historical call times (reality) to

calculated response time (model)– Objective keep null hypothesis

Service Areas

Model Applications

• Calculate the existing service areas for the current configuration of fire stations

• Alternative scenarios of fire station arrangements

• Impact of preempting devices on service areas

• Evaluation of emergency response zone borders & mutual aid with other jurisdictions

• Location allocation• Assisting with the accreditation process

Contact Info

Jennifer Weisser

513-701-6967

jweis@deerfieldtwp.com

~~~

Randall W. Hanifen

513-266-6124

Randall.Hanifen@uc.edu