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Degree of a jointDegree of a joint

• the degree-of a joint is the number of links connected at the joint minus one. j

Binary Joint Ternary Joint Quarternary Joint

!!!! Do not confuse with the degree of freedom of a joint

Note that the number of joints at that connection is equal to the degree of a jointdegree of a joint.

Degree of freedom of a joint is the number of independent parameters required to define the position of one link relative to the other connected by that joint.

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Link dimensionsMechanisms

Link dimensions

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Mechanisms

Degree of freedom of a h imechanism

is the number of independent parameters required to defineparameters required to define the position of every link in that mechanism.

Reading Assignment: upto page 33 (End of Chapter 1) by October 13 ‘08

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Reading Assignment: upto page 33 (End of Chapter 1) by October 13 08

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C

b

B c

a

AD

θ

d

Bc

A d

bC

c

A

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aφ

E De

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Degree of freedom of a mechanism:Degree of freedom of a mechanism:• Depends on:epe ds o

– The degree of freedom of spaceThe degree of freedom of the joints– The degree of freedom of the joints

– The number of links and joints in the mechanism

– The distribution of links and joints within the mechanism

Does not depend onpThe shape of the links

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Determination of the Degree of freedomDetermination of the Degree of freedom

Let

λ= Degree-of-freedom of space: λ = 3 for planar and spherical spaceλ = 6 for spatial space

= Number of links in a mechanism (including the fixed link).

j = Number of joints in the mechanism j jf = Degree-of-freedom of the ith joint F = Degree-of- freedom of the mechanism

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Consider four links in plane motion

For 4 links 4*3=12 parameters are neededFor links (with one link fixed):

λ( -ı) parameters are required. This is the number of parameters needed without joints (constraints)

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With the joints shown:With the joints shown:

Link 2 3Parameters

Link 3 2 Parameters (Cylinder in slot joint has 2 Dof, constrains 1 Dof in plane motion).

Li k 4 1 P t ( l t J i t h 1 D f t i 2 D f i Pl ti )Link 4 1 Parameter (revolute Joints has 1 Dof, constrains 2 Dof in Plane motion)

Link5 1 Parameter (revolute Joints has 1 Dof, constrains 2 Dof in Plane motion)

With these 3 joints 1+2+2 = 5 freedoms are constrained

j j

Therefore now we need (12-5) 7 parameters to determine the position of these 4 links

If the joint freedom is fi, then that joint constrains λ – fi freedoms. j joints will constrain:

∑ ∑= =

−=−j

i

j

iii fjf

1 1)( λλ freedoms

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Degree of Freedom of a mechanism FDegree of Freedom of a mechanism, F

• F = Degree of freedom without constraint Number of constraints (Eq l c)• F = Degree of freedom without constraint ⎯Number of constraints (Eq.l.c)

j

F j fii

j

= − − −=∑λ λ( ) ( )1

1

or

F j fj

∑λ( )1F j fii

= − − +=∑λ( )1

1

General Degree-of-freedom equation

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Example V Engine or V PumpExample- V Engine or V-Pump

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ExampleExample

Schematic Drawing

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ExampleExampleVirtual Model

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Inverted Slider-Crank MechanismDrawn by: Eres SöylemezChecked by: Eres Söylemez

5Checked by: Eres SöylemezDate September 15 2004METU

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Example

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Example: Excavator

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Example Folding ChairExample-Folding Chair

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ExampleExample

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ExampleExample

HingeUS3673635US36736351972

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ExampleExample

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Example:

ADJUSTABLE STROKE PUMPADJUSTABLE STROKE PUMP.The mechanism shown is an adjustable stroke pump. The mechanism is driven by an electric motor attached to the input crank to impart a translating motion to the piston. The adjustment on the amount of stroke of the pump is made by a screw (not shown) which changes the p p y ( ) gposition of the pin A.

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1Cs

PP

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CsP

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R R

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ExampleThree Gear Drive

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ExampleLanding Gear door with controlled Kinematic Control (US 2005/0211848)(US 2005/0211848)

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Example

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Example (Radial Misalignment Coupling)

Mechanisms

Example (Radial Misalignment Coupling)

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Example

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Linked Multi-Segment Landing Gear Door for Aircraft

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Example Car SuspensionExample Car Suspension

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Example:Some spatial mechanisms

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