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1Running head: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
Proposal for Intervention in the Kok Si Community
Solid Waste Management Practices and Resources
Emily Brincka, Lily McLaughlin, Emily Parker, Anessa Sax-Bolder
Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University
Fall 2013
2SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
Introduction
This paper will consist of one student group’s proposal for a modest sanitation intervention in the
Kok Si community of Khon Kaen province, Northeast Thailand. To begin, data results of preliminary
research will be addressed, analyzed, and discussed in accord with the plan, goals, and budget of the
future intervention. While CIEE students had not previously visited the Kok Si community prior to this
year, multiple community stays have occurred throughout the Fall semester of 2013. Throughout these
visits, data on demographics, health access and status, and perceived community health were collected.
Once decided on as the final project focus, data on sanitation in the Kok Si community was collected
during two separate community visits. A summation of the sanitation data results reveal that the majority
of Kok Si community members possess knowledge surrounding basic waste management - e.g., that it
should be sorted depending upon recyclables and otherwise; that improper disposal methods have the
potential to cause environmental harm; that inadequate systems increase the possibility of disease spread.
However, waste management practices of most Kok Si community households do not reflect this
knowledge. This information has largely guided the design of the intervention plan, which will be
discussed in detail in following sections of this paper. Additionally, a timeline outlining the entirety of
this research project will be presented, and a summary of the intervention’s anticipated outcomes will
conclude this intervention proposal. Ultimately our student group aims to increase efficacy toward
healthier waste management and recycling practices through community engagement in educational and
sustainable measures for proper waste methods.
Results
Data from Kok Si village community members was obtained through both the distribution of
surveys to thirty community members and the administration of a focus group. The survey asked fifteen
questions, three pertaining to demographics and twelve pertaining to knowledge of waste management
practices and waste management within the Kok Si community.
The survey was distributed to a diverse group of community members, 26 of whom were female
and 4 of whom were male. The mean age of survey respondents was 51.6, with a minimum age of survey
respondents as 18 years old and the maximum age of survey respondents as 84 years old. 16 of the 30
respondents (53.3%) had attended elementary school, 5 respondents (16.7%) had earned a Bachelor’s
degree, 3 respondents had a two-year degree, and the remainder of participants had completed high school
(10%). Only one individual surveyed had not attended school (3.3%), and one individual had only
completed primary school (3.3%).
Next, individuals’ knowledge of general solid waste management and the status of waste
management within the community were assessed. 25 individuals (n=30) had heard of solid waste
management. However, only 13 individuals (n=30) had been involved in solid waste management
3SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
activities. If individuals replied that they had been involved in solid waste management activities, they
were also asked to specify their level of involvement. However, most individuals could not specifically
recall how they were involved in waste management (i.e. community clean-up days or individual waste
management).
The remaining ten questions on the survey distributed to the Kok Si community asked individuals
whether or not they agreed with a given statement that gauged individual knowledge about waste
management. All participants agreed that waste causes environmental problems within the community
and all but one of the participants (96.7%) agreed that waste can cause breeding animals that would be
unwanted within the community. Additionally, survey questions assessed knowledge about sorting and
recycling waste. 28 of the 30 individuals (93.3%) surveyed agreed that waste should be sorted and
separated, and that some types of waste can be recycled, including for use as a fertilizer (96.7%). The
latter question indicating that almost all respondents believed that certain types of waste could be recycled
conflicts with responses to a later question in which 18 of the 30 (60%) individuals surveyed noted that
leftover waste cannot be re-used. Moreover, individuals agreed that community involvement and
resources are necessary to properly manage solid waste. 96.7% of the 30 respondents (29) indicated that
trash bins are both an effective way to save money and reduce pollution. More importantly, all but one
community member surveyed (n=30) indicated that sorting waste should be a responsibility of everyone
in the household.
Lastly, and most notably, community members were divided in their response to the statement
“the best way to handle waste is with an incinerator.” 17 respondents (n=30) felt that incinerators were
the best method for handling waste, while 13 (43.3%) felt that incinerators were not the best way to
handle waste or that the use of an incinerator should be dependent on the type of waste being burnt.
The only results that were inconclusive from the survey were responses to the final survey
question asking respondents whether they felt that “new goods are better than recycled goods.” 22
(73.3%) of the 30 respondents felt that new goods are better than recycled goods, while 8 (26.7%) of
respondents disagreed with the statement. Due to the multiple ways in which the statement could be
interpreted by community members, we are unable to draw any conclusive results from this question, and
the answers to this question will not be used to further frame our intervention.
In addition to surveying community members, we conducted a focus group with eight individuals
on 25 November 2013 in the Kok Si village. Broad topics discussed during the focus group included
waste disposal, recycling, health concerns from waste management, and concluded with questions to
collect feedback on potential intervention ideas proposed to the focus group.
Waste disposal was the primary focus of questions posed to the focus group. Focus group
participants indicated that many community members take their trash to Khon Kaen University or have a
4SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
family member take waste to the university. However, one woman, who does not own a car, indicated that
she puts her trash in an open field and burns household waste materials because no regular trash
collection exists within the community. In addition to agreeing on their methods of individual waste
disposal, focus group participants agreed that there is no one person in charge of trash maintenance.
Unfortunately, the municipality has failed to meet their legal obligation to take care of trash collection
and the municipality has not designated a public space for trash disposal. Doing so is further complicated
by the “Not In My Backyard syndrome” present among villagers, who do not want a trash disposal space
near their homes.
Apart from traditional waste disposal, we asked focus group participants questions to better gauge
their knowledge of recycling and to gauge their interest of recycling as a component of the intervention
project. Focus group members were able to define recycling as “to re-use” and were able to provide
examples of recycling, including refilling plastic water bottles with water, detergent, or gasoline, and re-
using paper that has writing on one side. They indicated that the closest recycling center is located five
kilometers away, and noted that individuals in the community may go to the recycling center to trade for
recycled goods but not many do. Focus group participants expressed a desire to learn more about recycled
goods and how to recycle from the municipality, but noted that they would are unlikely to separate their
trash because it is easier to simply put all trash in one container.
The focus group participants then briefly discussed the health concerns of inadequate waste
management. They indicated that ashes from sugarcane burning can cause them to acquire colds in the
winter and that contamination of the soil can cause rashes or even cancer for individuals who work in
agriculture. Although everyone agreed that burning trash causes environmental problems, they expressed
greater concern for the detrimental impact that trash burning has on the aesthetics of the community,
rather than on the environment itself.
Lastly, focus group participants discussed the upcoming intervention project planned to take
place on December 1st. Individuals indicated that they wanted to learn how trash is managed in the United
States and that they wanted to learn both how to sort trash and how recycling works. They indicated the
importance of having individuals outside the community enter the community and educate community
members because this encourages Kok Si community members to attend and learn how to maintain their
community’s appearance. The older members of the focus group expressed the desire for children to
know how to clean-up and maintain the community’s appearance, and indicated that we should provide
incentives for community youth participation.
The focus group allowed us to hone our intervention and provide information most desired by
community members both in the pamphlets that will be distributed to community members and on the
community posters which will be given to the community displayed throughout the village at common
5SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
meeting places. The most important take-away from the focus group was that individuals feel that
outsiders only come into the community to help because they think the community is dirty. The focus
group resulted in re-evaluating our intervention goals and placing significant emphasis on our group’s
purpose: to return to Kok Si and to work with community members to clean up their community and to
provide information on waste management that may be helpful if the municipality provides Kok Si with
bins for trash collection.
Intervention Plan
1-Dec-13
TIME Kok Si Village
8:00-8:30 Depart from KKU, travel to Kok Si
8:30-9:00 Set-up sessions
9:00-9:30 Participants arrive, check-in & name-tag distribution
9:30-9:45 Welcome/Introduction & Agenda for the day's events
9:45-10:00 Division into two groups for sessions (Group #1 and Group #2)10:00-
11:00SESSION ONE: Group #1 Trash Pick-Up, Group #2 Education
Session11:00-
12:00SESSION TWO: Group #1 Education Session, Group #2 Trash Pick-
Up12:00-
12:30 Preparation of Lunch with Mehs
12:30-1:30 LUNCH (Closing & Administration of Post-Test)
After conducting a substantial amount of research in the Kok Si community regarding the
topic of sanitation, and more specifically waste management practices and resources, our group
has formulated the following intervention plan in the hopes of improving efficacy towards waste
separation and management in the village. Our intervention has three main components: a trash
pick-up session, education session, and lunch session. We aim to target forty participants and
will be satisfied in reaching 80% of our goal, or thirty-two people. Our participants will be split
up into two groups because two of the sessions, trash pick-up and education, will be occurring
simultaneously for time management purposes. After an hour in one session, the groups will
switch and take part in the other.
In the trash pick-up session, in order to create incentive, the session will be organized as a
competition with a prize in the end for the winner who is able to pick-up the most trash. By
instituting the session as a game, we hope to engage youth in the community clean-up, since
6SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
elder community members expressed the need for youth to be involved in community waste
management. The group will be divided into four or five teams, depending on the number of
participants who come to the intervention. Before the competition starts, the teams will be given
a brief demonstration of proper waste management practices which will be explored more deeply
during the education session. After lunch, our group will transport the trash collected back to
Khon Kaen University so it can be collected by the municipality and removed from the
community.
In the education session, we aim to fill in the gaps of awareness regarding waste
management which we came across during our data collection in the community. The main
topics we will cover include the health hazards linked to improper waste management, the
benefits of recycling, and the importance of proper waste separation during disposal. Posters
concerning these topics will be presented to the villagers and given as a gift to the community
after the session is completed. Activities will also be implemented into the session in order to
maintain the interest and enthusiasm of the villagers. A game highlighting the importance of
separation of waste will be administered.
After the sessions are completed, our group will prepare lunch with the people of the
community and then eat lunch together, building relationships and hoping to lay groundwork and
build a relationship for future CIEE students to visit the Kok Si community. In order to evaluate
our work, a post-test will be administered to gauge the participants’ knowledge after completion
of both sessions in the morning. These scores will be analyzed in comparison with pre-tests
which were administered as surveys during prior data collection.
Goals of the Intervention
Our group created multiple goals for our sanitation intervention in the Kok Si
community. First, our group will strive to improve the efficacy towards waste separation and
management in the community. A main part of the issue regarding waste management in the Kok
Si community is that the community members lack the knowledge and education required to
successfully separate different types of waste. It is our goal that after our intervention, the
community members will have a deeper understanding on how to successfully separate and
manage their waste. Another goal our group aims to accomplish through our intervention is to
lay the groundwork for the upcoming support of the municipality regarding trash bins and trash
collection in January. It is extremely important for the community members to know how to
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properly manage their waste, but they also must be given the necessary resources. The
municipality plans to implement a trash pick up program in the Kok Si community starting
January. Therefore our group hopes to prepare the community for when they are provided the
necessary resources. Additionally, our group aspires to successfully engage the community and
raise interest in waste management. Because the municipality is supposed to be providing the
resources necessary to successfully manage waste in the near future, it is our goal to spark
interest in the community and get them excited and passionate about the trash plan that will be
implemented in their community.
Our group also wishes to, to the best of our ability, fill in the gaps of awareness regarding
waste management. We want to show that there are easy ways to correctly dispose of waste
instead of resorting to incineration. While we may not have the time to implement everything we
hope for this semester, we want to lay the groundwork for next semester to set up a compost in
the community. We also hope to educate the community on the health hazards regarding
improper waste management such as incineration, and to teach the community ways to avoid
such health hazards.
Lastly, our group aims to lay the groundwork for next semester’s students in the Kok Si
community. We do not want our project to be a one time project, and are working to make our
project sustainable. We hope that the students next semester will take our foundational research
and groundwork and improve upon our project, continuing to work with the Kok Si community
on proper waste management techniques and practices in the future.
Timeline
Below is a timeline outlining the steps which have been taken leading up to our intervention, in
addition to our groups intended plan of action once the intervention is complete. In this timeline, data
collection days in the community, individual group time for papers and presentations preparation,
presentation times and consultations and feedback from the Faculty of Public Health at Khon Kaen
University and CIEE staff, as well as the date of the intervention are included. Research began as early as
the 14th of September during a CIEE student scouting trip to the community and will end on the 1st of
December with the completion of our intervention regarding proper waste management practices and
resources within the community. In this timeline, the date and name of activity, as well as a brief
description of each activity done by our student group is included.
8SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
Date (Year: 2013) Activity Description
14 September – 15 September Scouting Day Through observation and interviews, initial insight into health problems within the community while gauging community needs
29 October – 30 October CPH Community Visit #2
Survey of health problems and perceived health problems in the community
18 November Exchange with Dr. Somsak Phitaksanurat
Overview of his research in Kok Si regarding sanitation and information regarding municipality responsibilities
19 November – 20 November Research Brainstorm/Research Proposal Paper
Exchange of ideas of group members regarding data collection methods and objectives
21 November Research Proposal Presentation
Presentation of research data methods and intended schedule, feedback from Ajaan Pattara
22 November – 23 November Data Collection Observation of community, distribution of surveys within community, interview with Headman
9SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
25 November Data Collection Administration of a focus group with housewives of community
26 November Independent Group Work Time/ Consultation with Ajaan Jen
Design of posters and presentations, Compilation or Intervention Proposal Paper
27 November Independent Group Work Time
Preparation for presentation
28 November Intervention Proposal Presentation/ Independent Group Work Time
Presentation of intervention proposal, feedback from Ajaan Pattara, send posters for printing
29 November Preparation for Intervention
Print pamphlets, prep translators, finalize agenda
30 November Intervention Run-through/ Community Visit
Practice administration of intervention, gain feedback, logistics for intervention
1 December Intervention Engagement of community members in waste management practices, education session regarding proper waste management and recycling
2 December Intervention Debriefing
Reflection and evaluation of intervention implementation w/KKU Faculty and CIEE Staff
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3 December – 8 December Individual Group Work Time
Preparation of Final Project Report/ Final Project Presentation
9 December Final Project Presentation
Presentation of Final Project to KKU Faculty
10 December – 12 December Individual Group Work Time
Revision of Final Project Report/ Final editing
Budget
Logistics:
1. Transportation = 2,100 B per day
-Saturday
-Sunday
1. Translators (2) = 1,000 B per day
Total: 5,200 B
Preparation:
1. Printing: Pamphlets = 100 B
2. Translation: Pamphlets = 800 B
3. Printing: Posters = 500 B per poster
4. Translation: Posters = 400 B
5. Printing: Flyers = 50 B
6. Translation: Flyers = 400 B
7. Printing: Name Tags = 50 B
8. Printing: Post Test = 50 B
9. Translation: Post Test = 400 B
Total: 2,750
Materials: Food
1. Refreshments: Water Bottles (100) = 250 B
2. Refreshments: Wafers (72) = 100 B
3. Lunch Money for Kok Si = 2,500 B (split with other intervention group)
Total: 2,850 B
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Materials: Trash Pick Up
1. Trash Bags (50) = 100 B
2. Rubber Gloves (50) = 150 B
3. Hand Sanitizer Wipes (50) = 250 B
4. Paper Towels (5 rolls) = 50 B
5. Face Masks (50) = 300 B
Total: 850 B
Materials: Miscellaneous
1. Gift for Headman = 200 B
2. Extra = 300 B
3. T-Shirts (15) = 3,000 B
4. Other Prizes (5) = 1,000 B
Total: 4,500
BUDGET TOTAL: 16,150 B
A budget of 16,150 Baht will be provided for our intervention, all inclusive. 3,200 B is provided
for transportation for two days to and from Kok Si and translation for the day of our final intervention. An
amount of 2,750 Baht is provided for the printing and translation of our posters, pamphlets, advertising
flyers, post tests, and name tags. During the actual intervention day, a budget of 2,850B will be allocated
towards providing refreshments and lunch money for the participants of our intervention. The lunch
money provided is split between our group, and the other Kok Si intervention group totaling 5,000 Baht.
For the trash pick up, a budget of 850 Baht will cover the costs of 50 trash bags, 50 pairs of rubber gloves,
50 hand sanitizer wipes, 50 face masks, and 5 rolls of paper towels. The remaining 6,200 Baht of our
budget will go towards the gift for the headman, prizes and incentives for the participating community,
and ‘green up’ T Shirts. Our budget also includes an additional 300 Baht for emergencies, and any
unforeseen costs.
Anticipated Outcomes
Anticipated outcomes of our intervention project consist of realized goals for community
members and ourselves, as well as physical outputs of the project. In this regard, we expect to have
gathered data on knowledge and awareness of waste management and recycling practices prior to and
post intervention. Statistical analysis of such collected data will reveal efficiency of our methods. We also
will have designed educational pamphlets and posters highlighting the ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’ methods of
12SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
waste management to have been distributed and hung throughout the Kok Si community. Beyond
numbers, paper, and materials, we also hope and expect many of our goals for the project and the
community of Kok Si to have been realized. Therefore, we anticipate community engagement throughout
our intervention project, particularly on the day of implementation, to increase Kok Si members’
awareness of and efficacy toward proper waste management practices. We expect to successfully spread
the word that the Khon Kaen Municipality will soon be providing disposal resources and collection
services to the Kok Si community, and in so doing lay the groundwork for awareness and knowledge
about the utilization of these services.
While we aim to fill in gaps in knowledge and practice of proper waste management for members
of the Kok Si community, we also expect the natural limitations of this modest project to prevent us from
doing so fully. In this regard, we expect to recognize more ways that habits, lifestyles, and resources of
the villagers impede proper waste management systems even as we move through our intervention.
However, we expect our work with the community of Kok Si to lay a foundational groundwork for future
CIEE students. By doing so, future projects will be able to use the connections we have made and data we
have collected to continue working toward sustainable change for the villagers of Kok Si.
13SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
References
Backyard Garbage Burning. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=11355.
Benefits and disadvantages. 2T Reduce Reuse Recycle. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://2trrr.wikispaces.com/Benefits+and+disadvantages.
Benefits of Reducing Waste. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.branz.co.nz/cms_display.php?.
Communicating the Benefits of Recycling. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/tools/localgov/benefits/.
Don't Trash Our Air: Burning Trash Pollutants and Health Risks. Retrieved 26 November,
2013, from http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/32060.html.
Health impacts of solid waste. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/solwaste/health.htm.
Human Health. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.epa.gov/osw/nonhaz/municipal/backyard/health.htm.
Public health importance of waste management. Hygiene and Environmental Health HEAT
Module. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://labspace.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=453835§ion=1.4.
Reducing and Reusing Basics. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www2.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics.
Shafani, N. (2010). Effects on Waste and Dirtiness on our Health and Wellbeing. Heinrich Boll
Stiftung.
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Tangri, N. Waste Incineration: A Dying Technology. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd66/WasteIncineration.pdf.
Walls, R. A World of Waste: Effect of poor waste management on the planet. Retrieved 26
November, 2013, from http://www.themindfulword.org/2012/improper-waste-
management-disposal/.
Waste Matters: Let's Get It Sorted. Retrieved 26 November, 2013, from
http://www.wasteservmalta.com/media/documents/Resources/Waste%20Matters.pdf.
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Appendix
A. Kok Si Waste Management Questionnaire
This questionnaire is aimed to investigate the knowledge of the people in a context of solid waste
management. The information from this study will be used for community solid waste
management in the future.
1. Gender:
Male ☐
Female☐
2. Age: ________ years
3. Education level
No education ☐
Elementary school☐
Primary school☐
High school☐
2 years diploma bachelor☐
Bachelor degree☐
Higher than bachelor degree☐
4. Have you ever heard about solid waste management?
Yes☐
No☐
5. Have you ever been involved in any solid waste management activities?
Yes _______________☐
No☐
6. Waste is a leftover thing from the house, and cannot be utilized.
Yes☐
No☐
7. Waste causes environmental problems.
Yes☐
No☐
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8. Waste causes breeding animals, such as rats, flies, mosquitoes, and cockroaches.
Yes☐
No☐
9. Wastes should be sorted and separated by types of waste such as garbage, organic
waste, recycle materials, and toxic waste.
Yes☐
No☐
10. Some types of waste can be recycled such as paper, glass bottles, aluminum, plastics etc.
Yes☐
No☐
11. Some types of waste can be used as a fertilizer such as food waste, garden wastes etc.
Yes☐
No☐
12. The best method to handle with waste is an incinerator.
Yes☐
No☐
13. Providing a trash can/bin in a community helps to reduce pollution and save costs of
waste management and handling.
Yes☐
No☐
14. Sorting and separating waste is a responsibility for every member in a house.
Yes☐
No☐
15. New goods are better than recycled goods.
Yes☐
No☐
B. Survey Data Results
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18SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
C. Focus Group Notes
I. Waste
1. Personal waste disposal: who takes care of waste in the house, what do they do with waste,
and where does it go?
a. She uses a big bucket and she has a trash bag. She puts her trash in an open field (she burns it
because they do not have trash collection)
b. She has a trash can and she dumps it in the university (KKU); she or her son brings the trash
to the university
c. Mostly, they will dump the trash at Khon Kaen University
2. Community disposal habits: who is in charge of trash maintenance?
a. No
b. People in the municipality in the future will have people come and pick up the trash
c. There are projects from the municipality- they don’t have a public means of gathering the
trash, so they don’t have trash disposal here
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3. Is it the municipality’s job to provide trash collection for the community?
a. Yes- it is under the law that the municipality has to take care of it; they do not have public
space in the community to have people come and pick up trash.
4. Is there a part of the community that can potentially be used as this public space?
a. No- people don’t want the trash near them, so they want it to be put somewhere else and for
that space to be designated as the public space
5. Do you dispose of all trash in the same way?
a. People who work will go out to dump the trash. She has her own field that she dumps the
trash in and then she later burns it
i. She separates wet and dry trash- she does not burn the wet trash
ii. She burns it once it dries
II. Recycling
a. Are there certain things recycled that are not burned?
i. They do not do recycling, but they sell plastic bottles for baht
b. What is recycling?
i. To re-use
c. What can be recycled?
i. Plastic bottles that are used to refill water or as a detergent container
(gasoline container as well); they use the back of used papers to take notes
d. Are there centers outside of Kok Si that they can bring recycled goods to and receive money?
i. Yes- 5 kilometers away
e. Do people in the community go to these recycling centers?
i. It depends- few people do the trade for recycled goods
f. If someone were to set up that system within the community, would they use it?
i. If it is more convenient, they will
g. Is recycling something they feel that the municipality should provide?
i. Yes- should provide information about recycled goods and how to recycle
20SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
h. When the trash bins come to Kok Si, if they were given trash bins and recycling bins, would
people separate the trash & recycled goods?
i. Easier for them to put all of the trash into one container and not separate it
III. Health Concerns of the Lack of Resources & Inadequate Waste Management
a. Are there health problems from trash burning within the community?
● When they burn the sugarcane and the ashes go into the air, this causes them to get cold
(during the winter)
b. Do they think that waste can cause environmental problems?
● Yes- mostly for the view (not good to look at); aesthetics
c. Do they think the accumulation of waste (apart from incineration) can cause any individual or
community health problems?
i. For the burning of the trash, the chemicals can go through the soil and
people in agriculture who plant vegetables can cause a rash or cancer
d. Are there certain designated areas for burning trash?
i. They burn the trash in their own land
e. Do they think it would be possible to have a communal spot for the trash burning?
i. In the future, the municipality will manage the land
f. When the municipality comes in January (giving trash bins and collecting trash), are they
taking trash to the landfill or are they dealing with trash in the community?
i. The trash taken outside of the village and disposed of
g. Will people use the municipality’s services or continue to burn trash on their own?
i. If the garbage is here, they have to pay for trash collection from the
municipality.
IV. Intervention Feedback
a. What would they like to learn about and what do they want us to do for our intervention?
i. Examples from our country of how we manage trash and what technology
is used (pictures as an idea of the system that is used)
ii. Wants to see how recycling works (what can be recycling, what happens
during recycling)
21SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
iii. Sorting trash
iv. Our presence encourages people to attend and see what we bring to the
community
b. How else can we encourage community members to get involved?
i. Having activities from outsiders will contribute to them getting involved
because they think that means their community is dirty and that they need to be involved more
c. Any other questions or final advice?
i. They want their children to know how to clean-up and to be involved in
the clean-up and upkeep of the community
1. Incentive for them to come: toys or candy
d. How do we get people to come to our event on Sunday?
i. Write posters in Thai
ii. Give information to headman to spread the word with information about
activities
D. Kok Si Education Session Pamphlet
22SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
E. Kok Si Waste Intervention Day Flyer
23SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
F. Kok Si Intervention Day Agenda/ Script
24SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
Saturday Agenda:
Scouting:
-trash pick up meeting place
-collect representative waste materials for separation demonstration:
need: (1) burnable piece: cloth or paper waste; (2) non-burnable piece:
metal, e.g., a bottle cap, or glass bottle etc., (3) recyclables: (a) plastic: shampoo bottle; (b)
aluminum/steel: beer can; (c ) glass: a bottle that can be returned for $$; (d) paper: newspaper
or magazine
-Wat education session space
Distribute:
-Invitations (target distribution: 50)
-Find some youth!
Request:
-utilize nutrition group translator to ask Headman to give a few words at
tomorrow’s introduction
Sunday Agenda:
8:00 Departure from CIEE
8:30: Student group arrival
8:30-9:00: Set up
-Name tag table
-Arrangement of chairs
-Our tables
-Poster set up
9:00-9:30: Check in
Roles: Nessie and Emily B. at name tag table
Lily and Emily P. directing and mingling with villages
Directions/Mingling:
Lily and Emily P:
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Good morning! If you’re here to join us for our green-up day please head to the Wat and find the
check in table. We’ll be getting started around 9:30
Name tag table:
Good morning and welcome! Thanks for coming to our clean-up day. If you don’t mind, we’re
asking that you wear this nametag with a phonetic spelling of your name so we can remember
your name.
Emily B: Name tag task - Have translator phonetically sound out name, write on name tag for
participant. Also, make sure to note group number every other participant as ‘1’ or ‘2’.
Nessie: Sign in task - Write in everyone’s name on sign in sheet so keep track of participants and
later collect post-test check outs.
Thank you so much! We’ll be starting around 9:30 so please feel free to take a seat, have some
coffee and relax until we begin.
9:30AM:
Introduction at temple:
Good morning everyone and welcome to the Kok Si Community Waste Management Awareness
and Clean-Up Day. We are a group of American students from the Faculty of Public Health at
Khon Kaen University. We have been spending time in your community over the past four
months and want to thank you so much for making us feel so welcome and inviting us into your
homes. After conducting research in the community, both villagers and your headman have
expressed concern for sanitation within the community. Additionally in a focus group we
conducted, villagers expressed interest in learning more about proper waste management and
recycling. Today we would like to show our gratitude for all you have done for us over the past
couple of months by helping raise awareness about waste management in your community. We
would now like to invite the headman to say a few words about today.
-Headman intro-
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Back to us: The day will consist of three main sections: a trash pick-up session, an education
session, followed by a lunch celebration. Now, we will be splitting you up into two groups in
which you will attend the sessions with.
If everyone can look down at their name-tags, there is either a 1 or 2 written on the top corner.
This number signifies which group you will be in for the first two sessions of our day.
9:45: Split up villagers into Group 1 and Group 2
Now that we are in our groups, we would like to briefly go over the schedule for the rest of the
day. From 10:00 am to 11:00 am, group 1 will be taking part in the trash pick-up session and
group 2 will be taking part in the education session. At 11:00 am, the groups will swap and
group 1 will attend the education session and group 2 will attend the trash pick-up session until
12 noon. Once the morning sessions are over, we will all spend time cooking and then eat lunch
together to conclude our day together. Before we break off and begin our day, does anyone have
any questions?
9:50: Answer questions….if not, begin sessions!
Alright we are going to begin our sessions now so would everyone in group 1 please follow Lily
and Emily P to begin trash pick-up! And everyone in group 2 can stay here for the education
session with Nessie and Emily B.
Thank you!
Education Session:
Location: Wat
Roles: Lily and Emily B facilitate Introduction and even parts, Emily P and Nessie facilitate odd
parts
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Introduction: Thank you again for taking time out of your day to join us for an education session
about waste management. During the next hour, we will be discussing landfills and trash
burning, the health effects of improper waste management, how you can reuse everyday items to
reduce your waste, and how you can sort your household waste materials. As the world’s
population increases, more waste is produced. To preserve the health of our communities and
environment, we must change our attitudes and approaches to waste management. Common
waste disposal methods are trash burning and landfills.
Part 1: Landfills
Landfills cause trash to accumulate. The dangerous elements (toxins) released from trash in
landfills harm our soil and groundwater and pollute the environment. Most importantly, trash in
landfills is not only a concern today, but can also harm the environment that your children and
grandchildren live in.
Part 2: Incineration
Burning trash can harm both your health and the health of other community members. When
trash is burned, the smoke can be dangerous for those with respiratory problems, young children,
and elders in the community. Smoke released while trash is burning also causes headaches and
rashes, and can lead to heart disease and cancer. Lastly, trash burning releases unhealthy
chemicals into the environment that can harm the air, crops, streams, and lakes.
Part 3: The Effects of Waste Buildup
Waste in the community causes animals, such as flies and rats that can spread diseases, such as
dengue and cholera. Waste that is wet in the community can also decompose and smell bad.
Lastly, metals and other sharp objects that are disposed of can be dangerous to have around the
community.
Part 4: The Three R’s
Three ways to prevent waste from building up in the community are to 1) reduce the amount of
waste, 2) to re-use materials, and 3) to recycle certain waste. To reduce the amount of waste,
when you go to the store, try buying materials with less packaging, turning off the lights when
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you are not in a room, and turning off the water when you do not need any. To re-use, use a cloth
bag or re-use shopping bags from 7-11, instead of asking for new plastic bags each time you
shop. You can also use cans and boxes as storage containers, instead of buying new ones. Lastly,
to re-cycle, sort bags, soda and beer cans, and cartons of milk and juice.
Part 5: What can following the “Three R’s” lead to?
Following the “Three R’s” can benefit the community in many ways. It can reduce harm to the
environment by reducing the damage to soil, water, and air. Recycled goods can also be
exchanged for baht. Most importantly, reducing waste, re-using goods, and recycling can
improve community health. Less trash in the community means less harmful health effects, less
odors, and a cleaner community.
Part 6: Separating Waste Introduction
Some villagers in your community expressed interest in learning more about the separation of
waste and what should and shouldn’t be burned as a means of disposal. So we are going to do a
little demonstration showing what can and cannot be burned and additionally what can be
recycled.
Part 7: Burnables
Some waste is okay to burn, while others can be dangerous to our health and environment. So
what should we place in the burn pile? All kitchen waste like food scraps can be burned without
causing harm. Additionally, cloth/paper/wood food packaging and egg cartons can be thrown
into the burn pile. Lastly, empty cigarette packs can be burned as a means of disposal.
Part 8: Non-burnables
Moving on, we’d like to touch on what items should not be thrown in the burn pile and which if
burned can cause both serious health and environmental problems. Metal, including small pieces
like bottle caps and lids should not burned. Additionally, glass bottles, cups, mirrors and other
household appliances should not be burned. Certain items which fall under the category of being
toxic and should never be burned include cleaning agents, motor oils, detergents, cosmetics,
batteries, plastics, lumber, pesticide containers and styrofoam. When burning these types of
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items, dangerous toxins and chemical are released in the air which can cause very serious health
issues like cancer.
Part 9: Recyclables
However many of these non-burnables can be recycled and put to more use or reused to make
new resources. For example, plastic recyclables include plastic bags, a lot of food packaging,
shampoo or lotion bottles, medicine containers and styrofoam. Aluminum or steel is also
considered a recyclable. This category includes juice/coffee/beer/condensed milk cans which a
lot of people use daily. Glass is another category of recyclables which can be brought to the
local recycle center and exchanged for baht. Lastly, though paper can go in the burn pile, it is
more safe to recycle it. This includes newspapers, magazines, and paper bags. Now we will
explain some ways to reduce the amount of non-burnables in the community.
Part 10: How to reduce the amount of non-burnables? Paper v. Plastic
There are a few easy steps to take to limit the amount of plastic we accumulate. These are things
I follow in my day to day life in Thailand, too.
(1) PAPER > PLASTIC: Any time I have the option of purchasing something in paper
packaging instead of plastic packaging, I do. This can mean simply choosing laundry detergent
or soap packaged in cardboard boxes instead of plastic wrapping or bottles.
Part 11: Glass v. Plastic
(2) GLASS > PLASTIC: Need a household item that comes in glass or plastic? Choose the glass
packaging instead. These containers can be rinsed, reused for food or other storage, and reduce
your need to consume more.
(3) JUST SAY NO to plastic when you’re not going to use it. Don’t need the straw that you’re
offered with your already plastic water bottle? Don’t need the plastic bag for your already
packaged snack? If you don’t need it, don’t take it. Just politely decline and reduce your
consumption and disposal of plastic.
Part 11.5: Q & A, response time
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We’re now nearly at the end of our education session. We want to take this time to open up the
floor for any questions related to the presented information today or about anything at all!
-Question time-
Part 12: Thank you/Conclusion
(*Depending on group 1/group 2 post plans differ)
Well, this now concludes the education portion of this morning’s activities. We want to thank
you greatly for your attention and participation! We’ve had a lot of fun talking about this
important stuff with you guys and hope you have too. We’re now moving on to _______ so
please come this way!
Trash Pick-Up Session:
Meeting Spot - TBD
Good morning everyone! This session is going to focus on trash pick-up in the community and
will serve as a clean-up day. The structure of this session will be set up as a competition. We
are going to split up into 5 teams and each team will be given a garbage bag which will be used
to collect trash. After the hour is completed, the team which collects the most trash is the
winner. And we have a special prize for the winners! Also, everyone will be given gloves and a
face mask, and each group will be given some garbage bags. So now we will break up into the
five teams.
10:10: Split up group into 5 teams./ Distribute gloves, face masks and garbage bags.
Okay, does anyone have any questions before we begin the competition?
10:15: Answer questions….if no questions, being competition.
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Alright, so we will now begin! Please be sure to return to this meeting spot at 11:00am. If you
are late, you will not be considered for the prize so watch the time! Good luck everyone! On
your mark, get set, go!
Lunch:
Location- Wat
We would like to thank everyone for their participation this morning. We had so much fun
spending time with you all and learning more about your community. We hope you enjoyed this
morning’s activities and now would like to share a big community lunch with you. During the
lunch time, we will be distributing a short post-test in order to evaluate our time here this
morning and would really appreciate all of you participants to fill one out. Also, we have some
pamphlets to hand out to everyone regarding proper waste management practices so please don’t
leave without grabbing one! Once again, we would like to thank you all so much for opening
your homes to us over the past few months! Ourselves and the entire group of CIEE students are
so thankful for all you have done for us over our time here. You have all impacted our
experience in Thailand and made it truly hard for us to have to return to America in such short
time. We will never forget all of the experiences we have shared and hope to see you again
soon! Thank you.
G. Kok Si Waste Management Intervention Post-Test
Thank you again for spending your morning with us to learn more about waste management and
to participate in community clean-up. Please fill out this brief questionnaire. Your answers will
not be shared and will only be used for us to evaluate our project. Please return this paper to us
before you leave today.
1. Gender
☐ Male
☐ Female
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2. Age: _______ years
3. Education level:
☐ No education
☐ Elementary school
☐ Primary school
☐ High school
☐ 2 years diploma bachelor
☐ Bachelor degree
☐ Higher than bachelor degree
4. Prior to today’s workshop, had you heard about solid waste management?
☐ Yes
☐ No
5. Prior to today’s community clean-up, had you been involved in any solid waste management
activities?
☐ Yes
☐ No
6. Landfills harm the soil and groundwater and pollute the environment
☐ Yes
☐ No
7. Burning trash can cause numerous health problems and can be dangerous for children and
elders in the community.
☐ Yes
☐ No
8. Waste build-up in the community can cause unwanted disease-carrying pests and animals.
☐ Yes
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☐ No
9. Purchasing materials with less packaging, re-using plastic shopping bags, and using cans and
boxes as storage containers are some ways to create a cleaner community.
☐ Yes
☐ No
10. Kitchen waste (i.e. food scraps), food packaging, and egg cartons can be burned.
☐ Yes
☐ No
11. Metal, glass bottles, and household appliances should not be burned, and burning items such
as cleaning agents, detergents, Styrofoam, and batteries can be harmful to your health.
☐ Yes
☐ No
12. Plastic bags, medicine containers, and aluminum can be recycled.
☐ Yes
☐ No
13. Paper, such as newspapers, magazines, and plastic bags should be recycled, rather than
burned.
☐ Yes
☐ No
14. Purchasing goods with paper packaging, rather than plastic packaging, is one way to reduce
your amount of non-burnable waste.
☐ Yes
☐ No
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15. Declining plastic bags and straws from stores such as 7/11 can reduce your consumption and
disposal of plastic waste.
☐ Yes
☐ No
Please feel free to share any additional thoughts about today’s education session and/or
community clean-up.
H. Kok Si Education Session Poster
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