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ICAO Regional Seminar on ICAO Regional Seminar on Performance Performance -- Based Navigation Based Navigation (PBN) (PBN) Nairobi, 1Nairobi, 1--4 December 20084 December 2008

Developments and BenefitsDevelopments and Benefits

Presented by IATA

IATA’s mission is to represent, lead and serve the airline industry

Represents airlines’ interests togovernments and international organisations

Follows global regulatory developments

IATA todayIATA today231 Member Airlines

From 143 countries94% of total international traffic

200 partnersRepresentation in 90 countries1400 staffwww.iata.org

PBN BenefitsPBN BenefitsTo reduce controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)

To increase efficiency

To increase capacity

To increase aerodrome access

To address environmental issues

To allow user-preferred routings

and trajectories.

To provide significant benefits in

safety and efficiency and for the

environment.

To allows ANSPs to offer the most

cost-effective solutions users.

Aircraft CapabilityAircraft Capability

Aircraft CapabilityAircraft Capability

EnvironmentalEnvironmental Objective Objective and Strategyand Strategy

Carbon – neutral in the medium – term

Zero-carbon emissions in long – term

Four pillar strategy:

Invest in new technology

Build and use efficient infrastructure

Operate planes effectively

Economic measures/tax incentives

We made the IATA 4 pillars an industry-wide

commitment

Facts and Facts and figuresfiguresTransport in general accounts for 14% of global greenhouse gas emissionsAviation produces 2% of global CO2 emissions, that is 12% of CO2 emissions from all transport sources

76% is from road transport1% reduction in fuel burn (or 1 minute reduction in flight time saves 7 million tons emissions per yearSaving 1 kg on each flight could save roughly

1,700 tons of fuel per year5,400 tons of CO2 per year

Aircraft and engine manufacturers devote up to 15% turnover to research

Facts and Facts and figuresfigures1 kg of fuel produces 3.12-3.26 kg of CO2

New aircraft are 70% more fuel efficient than 40 years ago

20% better than 10 years ago

Airlines are aiming for a further 25% fuel efficiency improvement by 2020.

Modern aircraft achieve fuel efficiencies of 3.5 lt per 100 passenger/km

The A380 and B787 are aiming for 3 lt per passenger/km

78 miles per gallon (MPG) per passenger.

Better than a compact car.

Facts andFacts and figuresfiguresAir transport CO2 emissions

Could reach 3% by 2050700 million tons per yeari.e. less than the CO2 produced worldwide by cattle.

Crows are famous for their ability to fly two points by the most direct route

But aircraft often have to zig-zag along dog-leg routesBy shortening routes, we can cut CO2 emissions by 6 million tonnes per year.

RNAV/RNPRNAV/RNPThe use of satellite technology has allowed the aviation industry to move away

from its dependence on ground-based navigation systems.

RNAV/RNP RNAV/RNP

ApplicationsApplications

EUR/AFI South RNAVRNP RoutesEUR/AFI South RNAVRNP RoutesIATA closely worked with ICAO and ANSPs toward the implementation of 4 continental RNAV routes:

UM731,UM998 (Red Carpet I)

UM214,UM215 (Red Carpet II)

RNAV Route Lima RNAV Route Lima –– Buenos Buenos AiresAires

SavingsDist.: 36 NMTime: 5 min.Fuel: 2.0M lb./yr

VOR/ILS = 40.2NM

GNSS = 14.5NM

Difference 23.1NM

6 min of flight

Kinshasa/N’djili International Airport RNAVGNSS Approach Procedure

Quito Quito IntlIntl. . AirportAirportSavings: 37 NM, 11 min, 6M lb/year

Atlanta RNAV Atlanta RNAV Departure ProceduresDeparture Procedures

Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) beforebefore//after after implementationimplementation of RNAV of RNAV proceduresprocedures

Moving Forward with PBNMoving Forward with PBNIATA's recommended navigation solution for saving fuel is based on

Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP)

in accordance with the new ICAO Performance Based Navigation

(PBN) criteria. The 36th ICAO General Assembly passed a resolution

urging all States to have PBN implementation plans in place next year

with a 2014 target date for PBN at 70% of the world's airports.

IATA plans to work with States and airlines to accelerate the process.

PBN Implementation ProcessesPBN Implementation Processes

Three processes are provided to assist States in the implementation of PBN. They are used in sequence (ICAO Doc 9613).

Process 1 – Determine Requirements

Process 2 – Identifying ICAO Navigation Specification for Implementation

Process 3 – Planning and Implementation

PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)

In line with IATA Policy:

Flight Safety & EfficiencyFuel Cost SavingsEnvironmental issues

Assist PBN procedures implementation for 3 Airports:

South AmericaFar EastAfrica

AFI

Why Cape Town?

™Number of IATA member airlines

™Terrain/Safety issues

™Measurable gains

™Status of the Civil Aviation Authority

™Willingness of the ATS provider

™Infrastructure and support structures

™Accessibility for the technical team

PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)

AFITime Lines

™Technical Team : SACAA/ATNS/SAA/IATA™WGS-84 Survey : Completed™User/ANSP URS : M™Procedure design : M+1™Aircraft Equipment : M+2™Aircraft certification : M+3™Crew/ATC training : M+6™Simulator Validation : M+6™Flight Trials : M+6™Full Implementation : 1st Quarter 2009

PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)

RNP Project ComponentsRNP Project RNP Project CoComponentsmponents

PBN Navigation Specifications are to be determined for all phases of flight:

En-route (RNAV10/RNP10, RNP4, RNAV5)

Arrival (B-RNP1)

Approach (APV, RNP APCH)

Departure (B-RNP1)

APIRG working methods and organization to be reviewed together with

regional planning and implementation strategies, in order to ensure

consistency with performance based navigation.

AFI RAN 08 refers./-

PBN Navigation SpecificationsPBN Navigation Specifications

PBN ChallengesPBN ChallengesOne of the challenges of implementing new navigation requirements is that airlines first need to be 'approved' by their State of Operator/Registry.Therefore, it is becoming more important than ever for airlines and their regulatory authorities to understand how to obtain ''Operational Approvals" for the different navigation specifications contained in the new ICAO PBN manual.

To assist in this process, IATA has developed "General Guidelines for Obtaining Airworthiness and Operational Approvals for PBN Navigation Specifications".

This document will help accelerate the process for both States and airlines.

PBN_Guidelines.pdf

IATA ATM Roadmap

Prosper Zo’o-Minto’o

Assistant Regional Director, SO&I - Africa & Indian Ocean (AFI)

Sandton – South Africa

Tel: +27 11 523 2724

Fax: +27 11 523 2701

Mob: +27 71 683 4151

E-mail: ZooMintooP@iata.org