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ICAO Regional Seminar on ICAO Regional Seminar on Performance Performance -- Based Navigation Based Navigation (PBN) (PBN) Nairobi, 1Nairobi, 1--4 December 20084 December 2008
Developments and BenefitsDevelopments and Benefits
Presented by IATA
IATA’s mission is to represent, lead and serve the airline industry
Represents airlines’ interests togovernments and international organisations
Follows global regulatory developments
IATA todayIATA today231 Member Airlines
From 143 countries94% of total international traffic
200 partnersRepresentation in 90 countries1400 staffwww.iata.org
PBN BenefitsPBN BenefitsTo reduce controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)
To increase efficiency
To increase capacity
To increase aerodrome access
To address environmental issues
To allow user-preferred routings
and trajectories.
To provide significant benefits in
safety and efficiency and for the
environment.
To allows ANSPs to offer the most
cost-effective solutions users.
Aircraft CapabilityAircraft Capability
Aircraft CapabilityAircraft Capability
EnvironmentalEnvironmental Objective Objective and Strategyand Strategy
Carbon – neutral in the medium – term
Zero-carbon emissions in long – term
Four pillar strategy:
Invest in new technology
Build and use efficient infrastructure
Operate planes effectively
Economic measures/tax incentives
We made the IATA 4 pillars an industry-wide
commitment
Facts and Facts and figuresfiguresTransport in general accounts for 14% of global greenhouse gas emissionsAviation produces 2% of global CO2 emissions, that is 12% of CO2 emissions from all transport sources
76% is from road transport1% reduction in fuel burn (or 1 minute reduction in flight time saves 7 million tons emissions per yearSaving 1 kg on each flight could save roughly
1,700 tons of fuel per year5,400 tons of CO2 per year
Aircraft and engine manufacturers devote up to 15% turnover to research
Facts and Facts and figuresfigures1 kg of fuel produces 3.12-3.26 kg of CO2
New aircraft are 70% more fuel efficient than 40 years ago
20% better than 10 years ago
Airlines are aiming for a further 25% fuel efficiency improvement by 2020.
Modern aircraft achieve fuel efficiencies of 3.5 lt per 100 passenger/km
The A380 and B787 are aiming for 3 lt per passenger/km
78 miles per gallon (MPG) per passenger.
Better than a compact car.
Facts andFacts and figuresfiguresAir transport CO2 emissions
Could reach 3% by 2050700 million tons per yeari.e. less than the CO2 produced worldwide by cattle.
Crows are famous for their ability to fly two points by the most direct route
But aircraft often have to zig-zag along dog-leg routesBy shortening routes, we can cut CO2 emissions by 6 million tonnes per year.
RNAV/RNPRNAV/RNPThe use of satellite technology has allowed the aviation industry to move away
from its dependence on ground-based navigation systems.
RNAV/RNP RNAV/RNP
ApplicationsApplications
EUR/AFI South RNAVRNP RoutesEUR/AFI South RNAVRNP RoutesIATA closely worked with ICAO and ANSPs toward the implementation of 4 continental RNAV routes:
UM731,UM998 (Red Carpet I)
UM214,UM215 (Red Carpet II)
RNAV Route Lima RNAV Route Lima –– Buenos Buenos AiresAires
SavingsDist.: 36 NMTime: 5 min.Fuel: 2.0M lb./yr
VOR/ILS = 40.2NM
GNSS = 14.5NM
Difference 23.1NM
6 min of flight
Kinshasa/N’djili International Airport RNAVGNSS Approach Procedure
Quito Quito IntlIntl. . AirportAirportSavings: 37 NM, 11 min, 6M lb/year
Atlanta RNAV Atlanta RNAV Departure ProceduresDeparture Procedures
Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) beforebefore//after after implementationimplementation of RNAV of RNAV proceduresprocedures
Moving Forward with PBNMoving Forward with PBNIATA's recommended navigation solution for saving fuel is based on
Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
in accordance with the new ICAO Performance Based Navigation
(PBN) criteria. The 36th ICAO General Assembly passed a resolution
urging all States to have PBN implementation plans in place next year
with a 2014 target date for PBN at 70% of the world's airports.
IATA plans to work with States and airlines to accelerate the process.
PBN Implementation ProcessesPBN Implementation Processes
Three processes are provided to assist States in the implementation of PBN. They are used in sequence (ICAO Doc 9613).
Process 1 – Determine Requirements
Process 2 – Identifying ICAO Navigation Specification for Implementation
Process 3 – Planning and Implementation
PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)
In line with IATA Policy:
Flight Safety & EfficiencyFuel Cost SavingsEnvironmental issues
Assist PBN procedures implementation for 3 Airports:
South AmericaFar EastAfrica
AFI
Why Cape Town?
™Number of IATA member airlines
™Terrain/Safety issues
™Measurable gains
™Status of the Civil Aviation Authority
™Willingness of the ATS provider
™Infrastructure and support structures
™Accessibility for the technical team
PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)
AFITime Lines
™Technical Team : SACAA/ATNS/SAA/IATA™WGS-84 Survey : Completed™User/ANSP URS : M™Procedure design : M+1™Aircraft Equipment : M+2™Aircraft certification : M+3™Crew/ATC training : M+6™Simulator Validation : M+6™Flight Trials : M+6™Full Implementation : 1st Quarter 2009
PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)PBN Pilot Projects (2008/2009)
RNP Project ComponentsRNP Project RNP Project CoComponentsmponents
PBN Navigation Specifications are to be determined for all phases of flight:
En-route (RNAV10/RNP10, RNP4, RNAV5)
Arrival (B-RNP1)
Approach (APV, RNP APCH)
Departure (B-RNP1)
APIRG working methods and organization to be reviewed together with
regional planning and implementation strategies, in order to ensure
consistency with performance based navigation.
AFI RAN 08 refers./-
PBN Navigation SpecificationsPBN Navigation Specifications
PBN ChallengesPBN ChallengesOne of the challenges of implementing new navigation requirements is that airlines first need to be 'approved' by their State of Operator/Registry.Therefore, it is becoming more important than ever for airlines and their regulatory authorities to understand how to obtain ''Operational Approvals" for the different navigation specifications contained in the new ICAO PBN manual.
To assist in this process, IATA has developed "General Guidelines for Obtaining Airworthiness and Operational Approvals for PBN Navigation Specifications".
This document will help accelerate the process for both States and airlines.
PBN_Guidelines.pdf
IATA ATM Roadmap
Prosper Zo’o-Minto’o
Assistant Regional Director, SO&I - Africa & Indian Ocean (AFI)
Sandton – South Africa
Tel: +27 11 523 2724
Fax: +27 11 523 2701
Mob: +27 71 683 4151
E-mail: [email protected]