gbg - introduction to nde (aia)

GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC. IS INCORPORATED IN NY STATE. MEMBER OF THE GBG GROUP OF COMPANIES.NEW YORK LOS ANGELES CAMBRIDGE LONDON SYDNEY PERTH

www.gbg-us.com awhite@gbg-us.com

Non-Destructive Evaluation:

A Considered Approach to Assessment and Documentation.

ALAN WHITE - GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC

PRESENTATION SUMMARYOBJECTIVES

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

PRESENTATION SUMMARY OBJECTIVES

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?

PRESENTATION SUMMARYOBJECTIVES

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?

3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.

OBJECTIVE 1:THE SCIENCE OF NDE

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?

3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]INVESTIGATION BELOW THE SURFACE

MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY [MBS]MEASURING THE SURFACE

1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

2. IMPULSE RADAR [GPR]

3. ACOUSTICS

4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]

5. HDS LASER SCANNING

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS

THERMOGRAPHY IS THE PROCESS OF ACQUIRING AND ANALYZING THE

SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF AN OBJECT.

THERMAL IMAGINGOVERVIEW

THERMAL IMAGINGDATA COLLECTION

NIGHT VISION‘ENHANCED’ LIGHT

VISUALVISIBLE LIGHT

THERMALINFRARED ENERGY

THERMAL IMAGING vs. NIGHT VISION

THERMAL IMAGINGTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

UNIFORM HEAT FLOW

INTO THE STRUCTURE

UNIFORM HEAT SIGNATURE

IN THERMAL IMAGE

THERMAL IMAGINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

UNIFORM HEAT FLOW

INTO THE STRUCTURE

ANOMALY IN THERMAL

IMAGE

THERMAL IMAGINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION

MOISTURE

DEFECTS

THERMAL IMAGINGWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME & MOISTURE

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: BRICK TIES / HVAC

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: DELAMINATION

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: RADIANT HEAT SYSTEMS

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: MOISTURE

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: MOISTURE TRACKING

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: FAÇADE EVALUATION

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: HIDDEN MOISTURE

THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: COMPLEX STRUCTURES

VERSATILE PRESENTATION

BENEFITS:

1.Remote sensing2.Rapid coverage3.Simple Analysis4.Simple Presentation

LIMITATIONS:

1.Cannot see through walls2.Colors can be deceiving

THERMAL IMAGING SUMMARY

1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]

3. ACOUSTICS

4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]

5. HDS LASER SCANNING

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR USES RADIO WAVES TO ASSESS THE FORM AND CONDITION OF SUBSURFACE

STRUCTURE.

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]OVERVIEW

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]COLLECTION

GPR vs. X-RAY

X-RAY[HIGH ENERGY]

GPR[LOW ENERGY]

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

UNIFORM STRUCTURE

Uniform Data Output

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

INTERRUPTION IN STRUCTURE

ANOMALY IN DATA OUTPUT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

MULTIPLE INTERRUPTIONS IN STRUCTURE

MULTIPLE ANOMALIES IN DATA OUTPUT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION

EMBEDDED OBJECTS

DEFECTS

ELEVATED MOISTURE

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT

BENEFITS:

1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Can see through walls4.Rapid data collection5.Adaptable

LIMITATIONS:

1.Requires surface contact2.Air & Metal is difficult3.Analysis is complex

GPR SUMMARY

1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]

3. ACOUSTICS

4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]

5. HDS LASER SCANNING

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS

ACOUSTICAL TESTING IS THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE

CONSTRUCTION AND CONDITION OF A STRUCTURE BY ANALYZING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOUND WAVES.

ACOUSTICSOVERVIEW

ACOUSTICSCOLLECTION

ACOUSTICS vs. ULTRASOUND

PICTURESNUMBERS

THICKNESS / DEPTH

ASSESSMENT

StoneConcrete

Terra CottaPiles

Metal

ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

VOID / DELAMINATION

ASSESSMENT

ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

CRACK ASSESSMENT

ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

CRACK ASSESSMENT

ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

CRACK ASSESSMENT

ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

BENEFITS:

1.Non-Destructive2.Versatile3.Simple analysis4.Provides unique information

LIMITATIONS:

1.Requires contact with surface2.Range is limited3.Three hands are required to operate the UPV

ACOUSTICS SUMMARY

1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]

3. ACOUSTICS

4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]

5. HDS LASER SCANNING

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS

MAGNETIC METHODS ARE GENERALLY USED TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF

FERROUS MATERIALS WITHIN A STRUCTURE.

MAGNETIC METHODSOVERVIEW

MAGNETIC METHODSDATA COLLECTION

MAGNETICS vs. TREASURE SEEKING

TREASURE SEEKERMAGNETICS USER

MAGNETIC METHODSTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

NO METAL WITHIN THE STRUCTURE

MAGNETIC FIELD

DISSIPATES

MAGNETIC METHODSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

METAL WITHIN THE STRUCTURE

MAGNETIC FIELD

INDUCES A CURRENT WHICH IN

TURN PRODUCES AN EMF WHICH IS

DETECTED

MAGNETIC METHODSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

EMBEDDED METAL – REBAR, STRUCTURE, ETC

EVEN DEPTH OF COVER AND BAR SIZE[WITH A PACHOMETER]

MAGNETIC METHODSWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?

BENEFITS:

1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Confirms results from other tests4.Analysis is simple

LIMITATIONS:

1.Requires contact with surface2.Limited range3.Really annoying sound

MAGNETICS SUMMARY

1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]

3. ACOUSTICS

4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]

5. HDS LASER SCANNING

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS

A LASER-SCANNER GATHERS RAW SURVEY DATA CALLED A POINT

CLOUD WHICH CAN BE QUERIED FOR DIMENSIONAL VALUES.

HDS LASER SCANNINGOVERVIEW

HDS LASER SCANNINGDATA COLLECTION

LASER SCAN vs. LASER SHOW

PINK FLOYD TRIBUTE SHOWSIX BILLION POINT CLOUD OF GEOMETRIC DATA

HDS LASER SCANNINGTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

HDS LASER SCANNINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT

SURFACE GEOMETRY

DEFORMATION

QUANTITY SURVEYING

HDS LASER SCANNINGWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?

BENEFITS:

1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Accurate4.Fast

LIMITATIONS:

1.Can only measure what is physically visible2.Large data sets3.Requires very careful planning

HDS LASER SURVEY SUMMARY

COMMON THEME?

INTERPRETATION

BASIC…

COMPLEX…

16”

23 to 27”

1¼”

8”

INTERIOR

EXTERIOR VERTICALREBAR

VARIABLE GROUT COMPACTION

PILASTER

SIMPLE…

TRICKY…

ANOTHER COMMON THEME?

SCALABILITY

BIG…

SMALL…

ANOTHER COMMON THEME?

VERSATILITY

HERE…

THERE…

EVERYWHERE…

COME SHINE…

COME SNOW…

TECHNOLOGY SOLVES NOTHING:IT IS THE SKILL AND INGENUITY OF ITS USER THAT BRINGS VALUE…

OBJECTIVE 2:THE IMPORTANCE OF NDE

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?

3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.

NO DRAWINGS

NO DETAIL

NO STARTING POINT

HOW OFTEN DO YOU START A PROJECT WITHESTABLISHING A BASELINE

WHY TEST AND MEASURE?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE

DRAWINGS ARE LOST

DRAWINGS ARE UNRELIABLE

DESIGNS FAIL

MATERIALS ARE FLAWED

HOW GOOD IS VISUAL INSPECTION?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE

WHAT IS HAPPENING BELOW THE SURFACE

WHAT IS REALLY CAUSING THAT DAMAGE

HOW DEEP SHOULD THE REPAIR GO

HOW EXTENSIVE IS THE DAMAGE

WHAT’S WRONG WITH PROBING?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE

BAD CONSERVATION PRACTICE

IS THERE ACM PRESENT

CAN THE BUILDING REMAIN ACTIVE

WHAT IS BELOW THE SURFACE

A COUPLE OF PROBES CAN’T HURTESTABLISHING A BASELINE

HOW MUCH DOES A PROBE COST

WHERE ARE YOU GOING TO PUT IT

IS THE RESULT REPRESENTATIVE

OBJECTIVE 3:THE LOOK OF NDE

1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?

2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?

3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.

FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP

FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP

1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION

FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP

1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION

2. WATER INFILTRATION

FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP

1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION

2. WATER INFILTRATION

3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION

FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP

1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION

2. WATER INFILTRATION

3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION

4. STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

BRIDGES

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

BUILDINGS

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

SCULPTURES

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

TUNNELS

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…

CASE STUDY

CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

SURVEY AND EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

DOCUMENTATION

DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

SURVEY AND EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

NON-DESTRUCTIVEEVALUATION

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

SURVEY AND EVALUATIONBEVERLY HILLS SCHOOLS

CONDITIONSASSESSMENT

CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

QUESTIONS?