gbg - introduction to nde (aia)
TRANSCRIPT
GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC. IS INCORPORATED IN NY STATE. MEMBER OF THE GBG GROUP OF COMPANIES.NEW YORK LOS ANGELES CAMBRIDGE LONDON SYDNEY PERTH
www.gbg-us.com [email protected]
Non-Destructive Evaluation:
A Considered Approach to Assessment and Documentation.
ALAN WHITE - GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC
PRESENTATION SUMMARYOBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
PRESENTATION SUMMARY OBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
PRESENTATION SUMMARYOBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.
OBJECTIVE 1:THE SCIENCE OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]INVESTIGATION BELOW THE SURFACE
MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY [MBS]MEASURING THE SURFACE
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. IMPULSE RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
THERMOGRAPHY IS THE PROCESS OF ACQUIRING AND ANALYZING THE
SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF AN OBJECT.
THERMAL IMAGINGOVERVIEW
THERMAL IMAGINGDATA COLLECTION
NIGHT VISION‘ENHANCED’ LIGHT
VISUALVISIBLE LIGHT
THERMALINFRARED ENERGY
THERMAL IMAGING vs. NIGHT VISION
THERMAL IMAGINGTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
UNIFORM HEAT FLOW
INTO THE STRUCTURE
UNIFORM HEAT SIGNATURE
IN THERMAL IMAGE
THERMAL IMAGINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
UNIFORM HEAT FLOW
INTO THE STRUCTURE
ANOMALY IN THERMAL
IMAGE
THERMAL IMAGINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
MOISTURE
DEFECTS
THERMAL IMAGINGWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME & MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: BRICK TIES / HVAC
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: DELAMINATION
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: RADIANT HEAT SYSTEMS
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: MOISTURE TRACKING
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: FAÇADE EVALUATION
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: HIDDEN MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGINGEXAMPLE: COMPLEX STRUCTURES
VERSATILE PRESENTATION
BENEFITS:
1.Remote sensing2.Rapid coverage3.Simple Analysis4.Simple Presentation
LIMITATIONS:
1.Cannot see through walls2.Colors can be deceiving
THERMAL IMAGING SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR USES RADIO WAVES TO ASSESS THE FORM AND CONDITION OF SUBSURFACE
STRUCTURE.
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]OVERVIEW
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]COLLECTION
GPR vs. X-RAY
X-RAY[HIGH ENERGY]
GPR[LOW ENERGY]
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
UNIFORM STRUCTURE
Uniform Data Output
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
INTERRUPTION IN STRUCTURE
ANOMALY IN DATA OUTPUT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
MULTIPLE INTERRUPTIONS IN STRUCTURE
MULTIPLE ANOMALIES IN DATA OUTPUT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
EMBEDDED OBJECTS
DEFECTS
ELEVATED MOISTURE
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Can see through walls4.Rapid data collection5.Adaptable
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires surface contact2.Air & Metal is difficult3.Analysis is complex
GPR SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
ACOUSTICAL TESTING IS THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE
CONSTRUCTION AND CONDITION OF A STRUCTURE BY ANALYZING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOUND WAVES.
ACOUSTICSOVERVIEW
ACOUSTICSCOLLECTION
ACOUSTICS vs. ULTRASOUND
PICTURESNUMBERS
THICKNESS / DEPTH
ASSESSMENT
StoneConcrete
Terra CottaPiles
Metal
ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VOID / DELAMINATION
ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive2.Versatile3.Simple analysis4.Provides unique information
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires contact with surface2.Range is limited3.Three hands are required to operate the UPV
ACOUSTICS SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
MAGNETIC METHODS ARE GENERALLY USED TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF
FERROUS MATERIALS WITHIN A STRUCTURE.
MAGNETIC METHODSOVERVIEW
MAGNETIC METHODSDATA COLLECTION
MAGNETICS vs. TREASURE SEEKING
TREASURE SEEKERMAGNETICS USER
MAGNETIC METHODSTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
NO METAL WITHIN THE STRUCTURE
MAGNETIC FIELD
DISSIPATES
MAGNETIC METHODSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
METAL WITHIN THE STRUCTURE
MAGNETIC FIELD
INDUCES A CURRENT WHICH IN
TURN PRODUCES AN EMF WHICH IS
DETECTED
MAGNETIC METHODSAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
EMBEDDED METAL – REBAR, STRUCTURE, ETC
EVEN DEPTH OF COVER AND BAR SIZE[WITH A PACHOMETER]
MAGNETIC METHODSWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Confirms results from other tests4.Analysis is simple
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires contact with surface2.Limited range3.Really annoying sound
MAGNETICS SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
A LASER-SCANNER GATHERS RAW SURVEY DATA CALLED A POINT
CLOUD WHICH CAN BE QUERIED FOR DIMENSIONAL VALUES.
HDS LASER SCANNINGOVERVIEW
HDS LASER SCANNINGDATA COLLECTION
LASER SCAN vs. LASER SHOW
PINK FLOYD TRIBUTE SHOWSIX BILLION POINT CLOUD OF GEOMETRIC DATA
HDS LASER SCANNINGTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
HDS LASER SCANNINGAPPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
SURFACE GEOMETRY
DEFORMATION
QUANTITY SURVEYING
HDS LASER SCANNINGWHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive2.Safe3.Accurate4.Fast
LIMITATIONS:
1.Can only measure what is physically visible2.Large data sets3.Requires very careful planning
HDS LASER SURVEY SUMMARY
COMMON THEME?
INTERPRETATION
BASIC…
COMPLEX…
16”
23 to 27”
1¼”
8”
INTERIOR
EXTERIOR VERTICALREBAR
VARIABLE GROUT COMPACTION
PILASTER
SIMPLE…
TRICKY…
ANOTHER COMMON THEME?
SCALABILITY
BIG…
SMALL…
ANOTHER COMMON THEME?
VERSATILITY
HERE…
THERE…
EVERYWHERE…
COME SHINE…
COME SNOW…
TECHNOLOGY SOLVES NOTHING:IT IS THE SKILL AND INGENUITY OF ITS USER THAT BRINGS VALUE…
OBJECTIVE 2:THE IMPORTANCE OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.
NO DRAWINGS
NO DETAIL
NO STARTING POINT
HOW OFTEN DO YOU START A PROJECT WITHESTABLISHING A BASELINE
WHY TEST AND MEASURE?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
DRAWINGS ARE LOST
DRAWINGS ARE UNRELIABLE
DESIGNS FAIL
MATERIALS ARE FLAWED
HOW GOOD IS VISUAL INSPECTION?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
WHAT IS HAPPENING BELOW THE SURFACE
WHAT IS REALLY CAUSING THAT DAMAGE
HOW DEEP SHOULD THE REPAIR GO
HOW EXTENSIVE IS THE DAMAGE
WHAT’S WRONG WITH PROBING?ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
BAD CONSERVATION PRACTICE
IS THERE ACM PRESENT
CAN THE BUILDING REMAIN ACTIVE
WHAT IS BELOW THE SURFACE
A COUPLE OF PROBES CAN’T HURTESTABLISHING A BASELINE
HOW MUCH DOES A PROBE COST
WHERE ARE YOU GOING TO PUT IT
IS THE RESULT REPRESENTATIVE
OBJECTIVE 3:THE LOOK OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION & DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?CASE STUDY.
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION
4. STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
BRIDGES
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
BUILDINGS
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
SCULPTURES
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
TUNNELS
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONINCLUDES…
CASE STUDY
CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDYHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATION
DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVEEVALUATION
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATIONBEVERLY HILLS SCHOOLS
CONDITIONSASSESSMENT
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENTHAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
QUESTIONS?