compartive study of surface heliport and elevated heliport

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SURFACE HELIPORT AND ELEVATED HELIPORTSUMMER INTERNSHIP JUNE 2013 AT INDIA AVIATION CONSULTING AND SUPPORT ,LLP

Introduction :• A modern helicopter is one of the most versatile

transportation vehicles known to man.

• Typically, a heliport is smaller than an airport providing comparable services. In a large metrocity ,a heliport can serve passengers needing to quickly move within the city or to outlying regions.

• The advantage in flying by helicopter to a destination is that travel can be much faster than driving a car to that destination point.

Contents • Surface Heliport and Elevated heliport

• Site selection for constructing a heliport

• Selection of helicopters and selecting the critical one

• Minimum requirements for designing the TLOF/FATO/SAFETY AREA

• Taxiway Requirements

Contents

• Visual Aids• Visual Glide Slope Indicator• Helicopter Approach Path Indicator• Marking Aids• Lighting Aids

• Safety Considerations at heliport

• Comparative study of Surface and elevated heliport

Surface Heliport • Heliport built on the ground surfaces are known as

surface heliports. The basic element of surface heliport are FATO , TLOF, Safety Area ,Helicopter Parking ,Clear Approach Area ,Rescue & Fire Fighting …etc.

• Elevated Heliport • Heliport built on a raised structure are known as

elevated heliports and the raised structure shall be atleast 30inches above ground.

Site selection requirements • Long term planning – for future expansion

• Area requirements –depending on the number of operations to be held.

• Obstruction clearance

• Wind direction and speed – air flowing around buildings and stand alone trees .

• Electromagnetic Effects – large ventilators and motors.

SELECTION OF HELICOPTERS

• Bell 412

• Agusta AW189

SELECTION OF HELICOPTERS• HH60G PAVE HAWK

• Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion:

SELECTION OF CRITICAL HEICOPTERTypes Passeng

er Capacity

Overall Length (m)

MTOW(kg) Rotor Diameter (m)

Bell 412 13 17.13 5262 14

Agusta SuperLynx 300

15 13.77 5330 12.8

Agusta AW 189

12-18 17.60 6800 14.6

Agusta AW189

• D (Overall Length) = 17.6 m RD = 14.6 m

• TLOF = 1 RD • FATO = 1.5 * D = 26.4 m• Safety Area = 25% * 17.6 = 4.4m

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

TAXIWAY REQUIREMENTS• Taxiways and taxi routes are provided for the

movement of helicopters from one part of a landing facility to another.

• They provide a connecting path between the FATO and a parking area.

• They also provide a maneuvering aisle within the parking area.

• A taxi route includes the taxiway plus the appropriate clearances needed on both sides.

• Taxiway width: 1.5 times the rotor diameter of the designated critical helicopter.

• Taxiway meant for hovering (Taxiroute): i.e. meant for helicopters without landing gear wheels. Are taken as 2 times that of the rotor diameter.

• Here in this project in case of the civil operations we have our taxiway width as 22m i.e. 1.5 * 14.6 which comes as 21.9 m and taxiroute width as 2 * 14.6 = 29.2

APPROACH FUNNEL

The slope is taken as Tan A = opposite/adjacenti.e, 152 / 1219

A= 7.14 degrees

VGSI• A visual glideslope indicator (VGSI) provides pilots

with visual vertical course and descending cues. Install the VGSI such that the lowest on-course visual signal provides a minimum of 1 degree of clearance over any object that lies within 10 degrees of the approach course centerline.

HAPI• HAPI is designed to give visual indications of the

desired approach slope and deviations from it .

• HAPI is a sngle unit device providing one normal approach path and three discrete deviation indications.

• HAPI is a projector unit producing a light signal, the lower half of which is red and the upper half of which is green .

VISUAL AIDS• MARKING AIDS

SPECIFICATIONS SURFACE HELIPORT ELEVATED HELIPORT

TLOF area marking REQUIRED REQUIRED

Aiming point marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

Taxiway marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

Airway taxiway marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

Heliport name marking REQUIRED REQUIRED

Obstacle marking REQUIRED REQUIRED

LIGHTING AIDSSPECIFICATIONS SURFACE HELIPORT ELEVATED HELIPORT

Heliport beacon REQUIRED REQUIRED

Approach lighting system REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

FATO lights REQUIRED REQUIRED

Aiming point lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

TLOF lighting REQUIRED REQUIRED

Taxiway lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

Air taxiway lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS AT HELIPORT• SECURITY : Provide a heliport with appropriate

means of keeping the operational areas clear of people, animals, and vehicles by following means :

• Safety barrier : At ground-level general aviation heliports, erect a safety barrier around the helicopter operational areas in the form of a fence or a wall.

• Build fences with locked gates and Display a cautionary sign as shown below :

• RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING SERVICES : Heliports are subject to state and local rescue and fire-fighting regulations. Provide a fire hose cabinet or extinguisher at each access gate/door and each fueling location. However all these meet the ICAO stipulated guidelines for helicopter operations.

• COMMUNICATIONS : Use a Common Traffic Advisory radio in AERO MOBILE BAND(107 – 136Mhz) to provide arriving helicopters with traffic advisory information.

• AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEM : An automated weather observing system (AWOS) measures and automatically broadcasts current weather conditions at the heliport site.

AWOS : A computer-generated voice message which is broadcast via radio frequency to pilots in the vicinity of an airport. The message is updated at least once per minute, and this is the only mandatory form of weather reporting for an AWOS.

COMPARISON

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A P E R S P E C T I V E D E S I G N

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