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History and Role of Chemical Engineering
An introduction to the history of chemical engineering and its evolution over time
By: Aaron Wheaton
Overview
Early history of chemical engineering Chemical engineering throughout the 20th
century Modern chemical engineering and its effects
on everyday life
Origins of Chemical Engineering
Began in the late 1800s
Influenced by developments in German and British industrial chemistry
Early chemical engineering had heavy ties to mechanical engineering
Arose out of a need to mass produce chemicals to feed the growing industrial revolution
William H. Walker
From Batches to Assembly Line
Before chemical engineering, chemicals were fabricated in a process known as “batch processing”
Batch processing involves mixing individual chemicals and “cooking” them until a correct purity is reached
This method was too slow and inefficient for the demands of the industrial revolution, so a switch to assembly lines was made possible by chemical engineering
Chemical Engineering Becomes Official
1888: MIT became the first university to establish a chemical engineering cirriculum
1901: George Davis wrote the 1000+ page “Handbook to Chemical Engineering,” which is still used today
1932: American Institute of Chemical Engineering (AIChE) is formed
Chemical Engineering Today
Chemical Engineers are instrumental in the design and maintenance of plants all over the world
The advent of computers and advances in computer science have simplified many processes that were once done by hand
Chemical Engineers are now making advances into genetic engineering and biotechnology
Role of Chemical Engineers Today
Managing optimal plant operations and chemical reactions
Designing plants and designating proper equipment and materials
Designing and managing processes for preparing reactants, products, unit operations, etc.
Managing transport phenomena like heat transfer, mass transfer, and fluid dynamics
Works Cited
http://web.mit.edu/cheme/about/history.html http://www.ecs.umass.edu/che/che110/
che_general_history.html http://www.halfen.com/t/25_10996.html http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/
chemistry-in-history/themes/chemical-engineering/little-walker-lewis.aspx
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