3rd grade biology: animal kingdom

3rd Grade Biology:Animal Kingdom

byIta Rodríguez

INVERTEBRATES

Invertebrates

•Do not have backbones•Are multicellular•Most have tissue

INVERTEBRATES

Invertebrates

•Most reproduce sexually•Most can move•Most are symmetrical

INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES

Habitat

•Most live in seawater although a few species live in fresh water•Polar region to tropics•Most live in clear water

Sponges

Characteristics

•Sponges take in water from pores and release it at the top•The water holds the sponge up•They feed and "breathe" by filtering the water that flows through them•Phylum Porifera

Sponges

Life Cycle

•Larvea: Move around freely•Adult: Anchor themselves in one place forever•Death

Sponges

Asexual

•Fragmentation•Budding

Sponges: Reproduction

Sexual

•Most sponges are hermaphrodites

Special Adaptation

•When they find that the water circulating through them has more silt and large particles that could block their canal system, they automatically close their pores and protect themselves!

Sponges

Spawning

Budding

This is actually a

coral, but they reproduce similarly

INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS

Habitat

•Ocean•Polar region to tropics

Echinoderms

Characteristics

•Spiny skin•Tube feet•Water based vascular system•Pentaradial symmetry (5 sides)

Echinoderms

Life Cycle

•Egg•Larvea•Adult•Death

Echinoderms

Types of Echinoderms

a)Sea Cucumber

b)Sea Urchin

Echinoderms

Types of Echinoderms

c)Starfish: can regrow body parts

d)Sand dollar

Echinoderms

INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS

Habitat

•Ocean•Hydras live in fresh water•Polar region to tropics

Cnidarians

Characteristics

•Radial symmetry, central mouth•No central nervous system•No circulatory system, heart or blood•Some have tentacles with stinging cells•Can reproduce sexually or asexually (not all species can do both though)

Cnidarians

Life Cycles

•Larva•Polyp•Juvenile•Adult•Death

Cnidarians

Types of Cnidarians

a)All forms of Jellyfish

b)Anemones: Are not mobile

Cnidarians

*Special note: Comb jellies are a side step away from jellyfish. They are in the phylum Ctenophora. They look similar, but are different in some important ways.

- Comb jellies use cilia flapping on their sides to move. They do not contract a bell like jellyfish.

- Comb jellies use cells called colloblasts to capture their prey. These cells stick to the prey, not harpoon them.

- They have two (2) holes. While true jellies have a sealed bell with only one opening, comb jellies have a small opening at the top of their body and one at the bottom so that water can flow through them.

- They often have plates for protection on the outside of their bodies.

Cnidarians

Types of Cnidarians

c)Corals: create hard calcium carbonate skeletons. They are not mobile.

Cnidarians

INVERTEBRATES: MOLLUSKS

Mollusks

•Internal or external shell•Largest marine phylum•Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats•Three universal features are a mantle, a radula (teeth), and a nervous system.

INVERTEBRATES: MOLLUSKS

•Most shells are made of calcium carbonate•Circulatory systems•In reproduction, molluscs may change gender

INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS

Cephalopods

Habitat

•Mostly seawater•Fresh water

Cephalopods

Characteristics

•Mollusk•Tiny shell inside(octopus and squid)•Tentacles•Most intelligent invertebrate because they have ganglia (brain)•They are hunters•Bilateral body symmetry•Communicate by changing colors

Life Cycle

•Egg•Juvenile•Adult•Death

Cephalopods

Types of Cephalopods

a)Octopus

b)Squid

Types of Cephalopods

c) Nautilus

d) Cuttlefish

INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES

Bivalves

Habitat

•Ocean

Bivalves

Characteristics

•Mollusk with two hinged parts that are symmetrical•ctenida (specialized gills)•Tiny eyes, mantle, no head•Filter feeders

Bivalves

Life Cycle

•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death

Bivalves

Types of Bivalves

a)Mussels

b)Clams

Bivalves

Types of Bivalves

c)Oysters

d)Scallops and more

INVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA

Monoplacophora

Habitat

•Ocean: tropics to polar region•Most species inhabit intertidal or subtidal zones•Live on hard surfaces like rocks

Characteristics

•Mollusk with one shell (univalved)•Bilateral symmetrical•ctenida (specialized gills)•Tiny eyes, mantle, no head•Can have up to six kidneys•Sexes are separate•Feed by scraping algeaINVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA

Monoplacophora

Life Cycle

Monoplacophora

Example of Monoplacophora

a)Limpet

Monoplacophora

INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA

Polyplacophora

Habitat

•Ocean: tropics to polar region•Most species inhabit intertidal or subtidal zones•Live on hard surfaces like rocks

Characteristics

•Mollusk with dorsal shell which composed of eight separate plates•Bilateral symmetrical•Most of the body is a snail-like foot•Have gills•3 chambered heart•Feed by scraping algea

Polyplacophora

Life Cycle

Polyplacophora

Example of Polyplacophora

a)Chiton

Polyplacophora

INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS

Habitat

•Water•Land

Gastropods

Characteristics

•Mollusk •Tentacles on head•Eye spots ontentacles•Mucous skin•Shell can be externalor internal made of calcium carbonate•Muscular foot

Gastropods

Life Cycle

•Egg•Larva•Dormancy(for some)•Juvenile•Adult•Death

Gastropods

Types of Gastropods

a)Land Snails

b)Land Slugs

Gastropods

Types of Gastropods

c)Marine Snails

d)Marine Slugs

Gastropods

INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS

Habitat

•Water•Land•Intestines oforganisms

Flatworms

Characteristics

•Flat, soft, and paper thin•Many are parasitic•Others are free living•Bilateral symmetry•Brain: small clusters of nerves•Get most of their oxygen through diffusion

Flatworms

Life Cycle

Flatworms

Types of Flatworms(Parasitic)

a)Tapeworms

b)Flukes

Flatworms

Types of Flatworms(Free Living)

c)Planaria and others

INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS

Habitat

•Water•Land•Inside other organisms

Round Worms

Characteristics

•Nematodes are small and smooth•Have a complete digestive system•Bilateral symmetry•Parasitic•Have muscles that move down the length of that entire round body

Round Worms

Life Cycle

Round Worms

Types of Round Worms

a)Land

b) Aquatic

Round Worms

INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS

Habitat

•Water•Land

Segmented Worms

Characteristics

•Annelids•Segmented body •Organs duplicated in each segment•Bilateral symmetry•Closed circulatory system•2 pairs of hair (satea) on each segment for moving

Segmented Worms

Life Cycle

Segmented Worms

Types of Segmented Worms

a)Polychaetes

Segmented Worms

Types of Segmented Worms

b)Clitellates 1)Oligochaetes

2)Hirudinea

INVERTEBRATES: ARTHROPODS

Arthropods

•75% of all animals•Exoskeleton made of chitin•Molt to grow new exoskeleton•Jointed appendages (legs)

INVERTEBRATES: ARTHROPODS

•Advanced sense organs•Open circulatory systems•Metamorphasis

－Complete－Gradual

INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS

Habitat

•Water•Land

Insects

Characteristics

•Chitinous exoskeleton• 3-part body (head, thorax and abdomen)• 6 jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae•Only invertebrate to fly •Most diverse groups of animals on the planet•Represent more than half of all known living organisms

Insects

Life Cycle

Insects

Types of Insects (here are just

four examples of the millions of insects)

a)Butterfly

b) Pyrrhocoridae

Insects

Types of Insects

c) Dragonfly

d) Ladybug

Insects

INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS

Habitat

•Water•Land

Crustaceans

`Characteristics

•Have biramous (two-parted) limbs•Bilateral symmetry•5 pairs of legs•Nauplius (form of larvae)•Most are free-living aquatic animals•Some are terrestrial, parasitic, and sessile•Fished and farmed for human consumption

Crustaceans

Life Cycle

Crustaceans

Types of Crustaceans

a) Crabs

Crustaceans

b) Lobsters

c) Shrimp

Crustaceans

d) Krill

e) Barnacles

Crustaceans

INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS

Habitat

•Most are terrestrial•Some live near water

Arachnids

Characteristics

•8 jointed legs•Exoskeleton•Bilateral symmetry•Two further pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding, defense, and sensory perception•Usually don't have antennae

Arachnids

Cephalothorax Abdomen

Life Cycle

Arachnids

Types of Arachnids

a) Spiders and Tarantulas

b) True Scorpions

Arachnids

Types of Arachnids

c) Ticks

d) Psuedoscorpions

Arachnids

Types of Arachnids

e) Whip Scorpions

f) Harvestmen (Confused with spiders)

Arachnids

Types of Arachnids

g) Acari (Mites)

Arachnids

INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA

Habitat

•Moist land

Chilopoda

Characteristics

•Segmented body •From under 20 to over 300 legs•Elongated mandibles•Carnivorous•Range from a few mm to 30cm in size•Require moist environment because they don't have a waxy cover like insects

Chilopoda

Life Cycle

Chilopoda

Types of Chilopodas

a) Scutigeromorpha

b) Lithobiomorpha

Chilopoda

Types of Chilopodas

c) Craterostigmomorpha

d) Scolopendromorpha

e) Geophilomorpha

Chilopoda

INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA

Habitat

•Land

Diplopoda

Characteristics

•Elongated cylindrical or flattened bodies with more than 20 segments •Slow-moving•Eat decaying leaves and dead plants•Have between 36 and 400 legs•2 mm to 35 cm in size

Diploda

Life Cycle

Diplopoda

Types of Diplopodas(12,000 species)

a) Subclass: Penicillata(contains small species whose exoskeleton is not calcified, and which are covered in setae or bristles)

Diplopoda

Types of Diplopodas

b) Subclass: Chilognatha(consisting of two infraclasses: the infraclass Pentazonia containing the short-bodied pill millipedes, and the infraclass Helminthomorpha (worm-like millipedes) containing the great majority of the species)

Pentazonia Helminthomorpha

Diplopoda

VERTEBRATES

Vertebrates

•Have backbones, spinal chords, notochords, and advanced nervous system•Less amount of species of vertebrates than invertebrates•Have muscles and skeletons•Sexual reproduction

VERTEBRATES: FISH

Habitat

•Fresh and seawater•All over the world

VERTEBRATES: FISH

Characteristics

•Gills•Scales•Fins•Cold-blooded•Lay eggs

VERTEBRATES: FISH

Life Cycle

•Eggs•Larval Fish•Fry•Juvenile•Adult•Death

VERTEBRATES: FISH

FishTypes of Fish

a)Jawless: primitive, no jaws

b)Cartilaginous: big, fast, sharp teeth

VERTEBRATES: FISH

FishTypes of Fish

c)Bony fish with lobe fins

d)Bony fish with ray fins

Can you guess what type of fish this is?

VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS

Amphibians

Habitat

•Moist environments

Amphibians

Characteristics

•Gills as embryos (some adults)•Adults have lungs•Slimy skin•Cold-blooded•3 chambered heart•Lay soft eggs in water•Adults live on land

Amphibians

Life Cycle

•Eggs•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death

AmphibiansTypes of Amphibians

a)Caecilians

b)Salamanders

AmphibiansTypes of Amphibians

c)Frogs and Toads

VERTEBRATES: REPTILES

Reptiles

Habitat

•Warm climates•Land and water

Characteristics

•Lungs•Dry, scaly skin•Cold-blooded•Lay eggs on land•Legs below body(not snakes)•3 chambered heart

Reptiles

Life Cycle

•Eggs•Hatchling•Juvenile•Adult•Death

ReptilesTypes of Reptiles

a)Crocodiles and Alligators

b)Lizards and Snakes

•Snakes don't have ears (they feel vibrations with their tongues)

•Can grow more than 18 ft

ReptilesTypes of Reptiles

c)Turtles and Tortoises

•Can live 100 years•Have shells

VERTEBRATES: BIRDS

Habitat

•Forests, desserts, cliffs,etc•Land and water•All over the world

VERTEBRATES: BIRDS

Characteristics

•Lungs, feathers, beaks, no teeth, hollow bones•Most birds fly•Homeothermic(mainatin body heat)•Lay hard eggs in nest (pinguins keep their eggs on their feet)•Evolved from dinosaurs

VERTEBRATES: BIRDS

Life Cycle

•Eggs•Hatchling•Chick•Juvenile•Adult•Death

VERTEBRATES: BIRDS

BirdsTypes of Birds

a)Flying

b)Non-flying

VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS

Mammals

Habitat

•Forests, desserts,rainforests, cliffs,etc•Land and water•All over the world

Characteristics

•Lungs, hair, teeth, and mammary glands (milk)•Most are placental (some are monotremes and marsupials)•Homeothermic(mainatin body heat)•4 chambered heart•Marine, land, and air

Mammals

Life Cycle

•Fetus•Baby•Child•Adolescent•Adult•Death

MammalsTypes of Mammals

a)Placental Land

b)Placental Marine

c)Placental Air

d)Monotreme: lay eggs

The only mammal with a

venomous gland is the

male platypus

d)Marsupial: have pouches

What types of mammals are

people?

THE END

3rd grade biology: animal kingdom

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