3rd grade biology: animal kingdom
TRANSCRIPT
3rd Grade Biology:Animal Kingdom
byIta Rodríguez
INVERTEBRATES
INVERTEBRATES
Invertebrates
•Do not have backbones•Are multicellular•Most have tissue
INVERTEBRATES
Invertebrates
•Most reproduce sexually•Most can move•Most are symmetrical
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Habitat
•Most live in seawater although a few species live in fresh water•Polar region to tropics•Most live in clear water
Sponges
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Characteristics
•Sponges take in water from pores and release it at the top•The water holds the sponge up•They feed and "breathe" by filtering the water that flows through them•Phylum Porifera
Sponges
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Life Cycle
•Larvea: Move around freely•Adult: Anchor themselves in one place forever•Death
Sponges
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Asexual
•Fragmentation•Budding
Sponges: Reproduction
Sexual
•Most sponges are hermaphrodites
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Special Adaptation
•When they find that the water circulating through them has more silt and large particles that could block their canal system, they automatically close their pores and protect themselves!
Sponges
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Sponges: Reproduction
Spawning
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Sponges: Reproduction
Budding
INVERTEBRATES: SPONGES
Sponges: Reproduction
This is actually a
coral, but they reproduce similarly
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Habitat
•Ocean•Polar region to tropics
Echinoderms
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Characteristics
•Spiny skin•Tube feet•Water based vascular system•Pentaradial symmetry (5 sides)
Echinoderms
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larvea•Adult•Death
Echinoderms
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Types of Echinoderms
a)Sea Cucumber
b)Sea Urchin
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Echinoderms
Types of Echinoderms
c)Starfish: can regrow body parts
d)Sand dollar
INVERTEBRATES: ECHINODERMS
Echinoderms
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
Habitat
•Ocean•Hydras live in fresh water•Polar region to tropics
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
Characteristics
•Radial symmetry, central mouth•No central nervous system•No circulatory system, heart or blood•Some have tentacles with stinging cells•Can reproduce sexually or asexually (not all species can do both though)
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
Life Cycles
•Larva•Polyp•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
Types of Cnidarians
a)All forms of Jellyfish
b)Anemones: Are not mobile
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
*Special note: Comb jellies are a side step away from jellyfish. They are in the phylum Ctenophora. They look similar, but are different in some important ways.
- Comb jellies use cilia flapping on their sides to move. They do not contract a bell like jellyfish.
- Comb jellies use cells called colloblasts to capture their prey. These cells stick to the prey, not harpoon them.
- They have two (2) holes. While true jellies have a sealed bell with only one opening, comb jellies have a small opening at the top of their body and one at the bottom so that water can flow through them.
- They often have plates for protection on the outside of their bodies.
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
Types of Cnidarians
c)Corals: create hard calcium carbonate skeletons. They are not mobile.
Cnidarians
INVERTEBRATES: CNIDARIANS
INVERTEBRATES: MOLLUSKS
Mollusks
•Internal or external shell•Largest marine phylum•Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats•Three universal features are a mantle, a radula (teeth), and a nervous system.
INVERTEBRATES: MOLLUSKS
•Most shells are made of calcium carbonate•Circulatory systems•In reproduction, molluscs may change gender
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
Cephalopods
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
Habitat
•Mostly seawater•Fresh water
Cephalopods
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
Characteristics
•Mollusk•Tiny shell inside(octopus and squid)•Tentacles•Most intelligent invertebrate because they have ganglia (brain)•They are hunters•Bilateral body symmetry•Communicate by changing colors
Life Cycle
•Egg•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Cephalopods
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
Types of Cephalopods
a)Octopus
b)Squid
INVERTEBRATES: CEPHALOPODS
Types of Cephalopods
c) Nautilus
d) Cuttlefish
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Bivalves
Habitat
•Ocean
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Bivalves
Characteristics
•Mollusk with two hinged parts that are symmetrical•ctenida (specialized gills)•Tiny eyes, mantle, no head•Filter feeders
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Bivalves
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Bivalves
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Types of Bivalves
a)Mussels
b)Clams
Bivalves
INVERTEBRATES: BIVALVES
Types of Bivalves
c)Oysters
d)Scallops and more
INVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA
Monoplacophora
INVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA
Habitat
•Ocean: tropics to polar region•Most species inhabit intertidal or subtidal zones•Live on hard surfaces like rocks
Characteristics
•Mollusk with one shell (univalved)•Bilateral symmetrical•ctenida (specialized gills)•Tiny eyes, mantle, no head•Can have up to six kidneys•Sexes are separate•Feed by scraping algeaINVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA
Monoplacophora
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA
Monoplacophora
Example of Monoplacophora
a)Limpet
INVERTEBRATES: MONOPLACOPHORA
Monoplacophora
INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA
INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA
Polyplacophora
Habitat
•Ocean: tropics to polar region•Most species inhabit intertidal or subtidal zones•Live on hard surfaces like rocks
Characteristics
•Mollusk with dorsal shell which composed of eight separate plates•Bilateral symmetrical•Most of the body is a snail-like foot•Have gills•3 chambered heart•Feed by scraping algea
INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA
Polyplacophora
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA
Polyplacophora
Example of Polyplacophora
a)Chiton
INVERTEBRATES: POLYPLACOPHORA
Polyplacophora
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Habitat
•Water•Land
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Gastropods
Characteristics
•Mollusk •Tentacles on head•Eye spots ontentacles•Mucous skin•Shell can be externalor internal made of calcium carbonate•Muscular foot
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Gastropods
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Dormancy(for some)•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Gastropods
Types of Gastropods
a)Land Snails
b)Land Slugs
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Gastropods
Types of Gastropods
c)Marine Snails
d)Marine Slugs
INVERTEBRATES: GASTROPODS
Gastropods
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
Habitat
•Water•Land•Intestines oforganisms
Flatworms
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
Characteristics
•Flat, soft, and paper thin•Many are parasitic•Others are free living•Bilateral symmetry•Brain: small clusters of nerves•Get most of their oxygen through diffusion
Flatworms
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Flatworms
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
Types of Flatworms(Parasitic)
a)Tapeworms
b)Flukes
Flatworms
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
Flatworms
Types of Flatworms(Free Living)
c)Planaria and others
INVERTEBRATES: FLATWORMS
INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS
Habitat
•Water•Land•Inside other organisms
INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS
Round Worms
Characteristics
•Nematodes are small and smooth•Have a complete digestive system•Bilateral symmetry•Parasitic•Have muscles that move down the length of that entire round body
INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS
Round Worms
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS
Round Worms
Types of Round Worms
a)Land
b) Aquatic
Round Worms
INVERTEBRATES: ROUND WORMS
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
Habitat
•Water•Land
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
Segmented Worms
Characteristics
•Annelids•Segmented body •Organs duplicated in each segment•Bilateral symmetry•Closed circulatory system•2 pairs of hair (satea) on each segment for moving
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
Segmented Worms
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
Segmented Worms
Types of Segmented Worms
a)Polychaetes
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
Segmented Worms
Segmented Worms
Types of Segmented Worms
b)Clitellates 1)Oligochaetes
2)Hirudinea
INVERTEBRATES: SEGMENTED WORMS
INVERTEBRATES: ARTHROPODS
Arthropods
•75% of all animals•Exoskeleton made of chitin•Molt to grow new exoskeleton•Jointed appendages (legs)
INVERTEBRATES: ARTHROPODS
•Advanced sense organs•Open circulatory systems•Metamorphasis
-Complete-Gradual
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
Habitat
•Water•Land
Insects
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
Characteristics
•Chitinous exoskeleton• 3-part body (head, thorax and abdomen)• 6 jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae•Only invertebrate to fly •Most diverse groups of animals on the planet•Represent more than half of all known living organisms
Insects
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Insects
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
Types of Insects (here are just
four examples of the millions of insects)
a)Butterfly
b) Pyrrhocoridae
Insects
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
Types of Insects
c) Dragonfly
d) Ladybug
Insects
INVERTEBRATES: INSECTS
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Habitat
•Water•Land
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Crustaceans
`Characteristics
•Have biramous (two-parted) limbs•Bilateral symmetry•5 pairs of legs•Nauplius (form of larvae)•Most are free-living aquatic animals•Some are terrestrial, parasitic, and sessile•Fished and farmed for human consumption
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Crustaceans
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Crustaceans
Types of Crustaceans
a) Crabs
Crustaceans
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Types of Crustaceans
b) Lobsters
c) Shrimp
Crustaceans
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
Types of Crustaceans
d) Krill
e) Barnacles
Crustaceans
INVERTEBRATES: CRUSTACEANS
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Habitat
•Most are terrestrial•Some live near water
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Characteristics
•8 jointed legs•Exoskeleton•Bilateral symmetry•Two further pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding, defense, and sensory perception•Usually don't have antennae
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Cephalothorax Abdomen
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Types of Arachnids
a) Spiders and Tarantulas
b) True Scorpions
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Types of Arachnids
c) Ticks
d) Psuedoscorpions
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Types of Arachnids
e) Whip Scorpions
f) Harvestmen (Confused with spiders)
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
Types of Arachnids
g) Acari (Mites)
Arachnids
INVERTEBRATES: ARACHNIDS
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
Habitat
•Moist land
Chilopoda
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
Characteristics
•Segmented body •From under 20 to over 300 legs•Elongated mandibles•Carnivorous•Range from a few mm to 30cm in size•Require moist environment because they don't have a waxy cover like insects
Chilopoda
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Chilopoda
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
Types of Chilopodas
a) Scutigeromorpha
b) Lithobiomorpha
Chilopoda
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
Types of Chilopodas
c) Craterostigmomorpha
d) Scolopendromorpha
e) Geophilomorpha
Chilopoda
INVERTEBRATES: CHILOPODA
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
Habitat
•Land
Diplopoda
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
Characteristics
•Elongated cylindrical or flattened bodies with more than 20 segments •Slow-moving•Eat decaying leaves and dead plants•Have between 36 and 400 legs•2 mm to 35 cm in size
Diploda
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
Life Cycle
•Egg•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
Diplopoda
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
Types of Diplopodas(12,000 species)
a) Subclass: Penicillata(contains small species whose exoskeleton is not calcified, and which are covered in setae or bristles)
Diplopoda
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
Types of Diplopodas
b) Subclass: Chilognatha(consisting of two infraclasses: the infraclass Pentazonia containing the short-bodied pill millipedes, and the infraclass Helminthomorpha (worm-like millipedes) containing the great majority of the species)
Pentazonia Helminthomorpha
Diplopoda
INVERTEBRATES: DIPLOPODA
VERTEBRATES
VERTEBRATES
Vertebrates
•Have backbones, spinal chords, notochords, and advanced nervous system•Less amount of species of vertebrates than invertebrates•Have muscles and skeletons•Sexual reproduction
VERTEBRATES: FISH
VERTEBRATES: FISH
Fish
Habitat
•Fresh and seawater•All over the world
VERTEBRATES: FISH
Fish
Characteristics
•Gills•Scales•Fins•Cold-blooded•Lay eggs
VERTEBRATES: FISH
Fish
Life Cycle
•Eggs•Larval Fish•Fry•Juvenile•Adult•Death
VERTEBRATES: FISH
FishTypes of Fish
a)Jawless: primitive, no jaws
b)Cartilaginous: big, fast, sharp teeth
VERTEBRATES: FISH
FishTypes of Fish
c)Bony fish with lobe fins
d)Bony fish with ray fins
Can you guess what type of fish this is?
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
Amphibians
Habitat
•Moist environments
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
Amphibians
Characteristics
•Gills as embryos (some adults)•Adults have lungs•Slimy skin•Cold-blooded•3 chambered heart•Lay soft eggs in water•Adults live on land
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
Amphibians
Life Cycle
•Eggs•Larva•Juvenile•Adult•Death
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
AmphibiansTypes of Amphibians
a)Caecilians
b)Salamanders
VERTEBRATES: AMPHIBIANS
AmphibiansTypes of Amphibians
c)Frogs and Toads
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
Reptiles
Habitat
•Warm climates•Land and water
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
Characteristics
•Lungs•Dry, scaly skin•Cold-blooded•Lay eggs on land•Legs below body(not snakes)•3 chambered heart
Reptiles
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
Reptiles
Life Cycle
•Eggs•Hatchling•Juvenile•Adult•Death
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
ReptilesTypes of Reptiles
a)Crocodiles and Alligators
b)Lizards and Snakes
•Snakes don't have ears (they feel vibrations with their tongues)
•Can grow more than 18 ft
VERTEBRATES: REPTILES
ReptilesTypes of Reptiles
c)Turtles and Tortoises
•Can live 100 years•Have shells
VERTEBRATES: BIRDS
VERTEBRATES: BIRDS
Birds
Habitat
•Forests, desserts, cliffs,etc•Land and water•All over the world
VERTEBRATES: BIRDS
Birds
Characteristics
•Lungs, feathers, beaks, no teeth, hollow bones•Most birds fly•Homeothermic(mainatin body heat)•Lay hard eggs in nest (pinguins keep their eggs on their feet)•Evolved from dinosaurs
VERTEBRATES: BIRDS
Birds
Life Cycle
•Eggs•Hatchling•Chick•Juvenile•Adult•Death
VERTEBRATES: BIRDS
BirdsTypes of Birds
a)Flying
b)Non-flying
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
Mammals
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
Habitat
•Forests, desserts,rainforests, cliffs,etc•Land and water•All over the world
Characteristics
•Lungs, hair, teeth, and mammary glands (milk)•Most are placental (some are monotremes and marsupials)•Homeothermic(mainatin body heat)•4 chambered heart•Marine, land, and air
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
Mammals
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
Mammals
Life Cycle
•Fetus•Baby•Child•Adolescent•Adult•Death
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
MammalsTypes of Mammals
a)Placental Land
b)Placental Marine
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
MammalsTypes of Mammals
c)Placental Air
d)Monotreme: lay eggs
The only mammal with a
venomous gland is the
male platypus
VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS
MammalsTypes of Mammals
d)Marsupial: have pouches
What types of mammals are
people?
THE END