1347-1350 history...spanish succession. • great northern war pits sweden against an alliance of...
Post on 18-Apr-2020
6 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
New Monarchies, renaissance,
and the age of exploration
(1308-1527)
Research &EducationAssociation
1308-1377
1340
1347-1350
1434
1453
1450s
1454-1494
1480
1494
1487-1499
1519-1533
1527
•Frenchkingskeepseveralpopesintheso-calledBabylonianCaptivityinAvignon.
•Italyrevivesthehonorofpoetlaureate.
•TheBlackDeathdecimatesthepopulationofEurope.
•TheMedicicometopowerinFlorence.
•ThesackofConstantinopleoccurs;theHundredYears’ Warends.
•JohannGutenbergandJohannFustdevelopmovable-typeprintinginMainz,Germany(HolyRomanEmpire).
•MilanandVenicesignPeaceTreatyofLodi;peaceendswhenFrenchinvadeItalyin1494.
•MuscovythrowsofftheTataryoke.
•PortugalandSpainsigntheTreatyofTordesillas.
•BartolomeuDiasreachestheCapeofGoodHope;VascodaGamacomesbackfromIndiawithpreciouscargo.
•HernanCortesconquerstheAztecempireinMexico;FranciscoPizarroconquerstheIncaempireinandnearPeru.
•TheSackofRomeoccurs.
Reform, Counter-Reform,
and the New Sciences
(1380-1687)
AP unITED STATES
HISTorY
Research &EducationAssociation
1380-1415
1517
1520-1521
1527-1534
1541
1543
1545-1563
1555
1562-1598
1566-1581
1587-1588
•JohnWycliffeandJanHuscallforchurchreforms.
•MartinLuther,aCatholicmonk,postshisNinety-fiveThesesonthedooroftheWittenbergchurch.
•Lutherpublishesfourpamphletsandisexcommun- Icatedbythepope.
•Inhisquestforamaleheir,HenryVIIIofEngland divorcestheHolyRomanEmperor’saunt,Katharine,andmarriesAnneBoleyn.
•JohnCalvinpublisheshisInstitutes of the Christian ReligioninitsFrenchedition.
•NicolasCopernicuspublisheshisheliocentrictheory.
•TheCouncilofTrentmeetsthreetimestosettleissues ofCatholicdoctrine.
•HolyRomanEmperorCharlesVestablishesthePeaceofAugsburg.
•WarsofreligioninFrancebeginfollowingtheendofthelongHabsburg-Valoisconflict.
•CalvinistsintheSpanishNetherlandsrevoltagainststrictnessofPhilipII,leadingtotheDutchwarsofindependence.
•Mary,QueenofScots,isexecutedbyElizabethIofEngland;theEnglishnavydestroystheSpanishArmada.
AP unITED STATES
HISTorY
Research &EducationAssociation
1609
1618-1648
1648
1662-1725
1667
1687
•InhisLetterofMajesty,Matthias,theHolyRoman Emperor,grantsreligiousfreedomtoBohemianCalvinistnobles.
•Thescientificrevolutionbegins.
•ThirtyYears’Warbegins.
•TreatyofWestphaliaissigned.
•RoyalacademiesofscienceformthroughoutEurope.
•JohnMiltonpublishesParadise Lost.
•NewtonpublishesPrincipia Mathematica.
Reform, Counter-Reform,
and the New Sciences
(1380-1687)
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Overview of European
Powers
(1581-1748)
Research &EducationAssociation
1581-1583
1609
1611
1642-1649
1648-1653
1640-1688
1649-1660
1652-1774
1661
1683
1685
1688-1689
•IvanIVbeginssuccessfulconquestofSiberia.
•TheUnitedProvincesestablishtheBankof Amsterdam.
•KingJamesBibleispublished.
•CivilwarracksEngland,Scotland,andIreland.
•Revolts(frondes)byoldnoblesandtheParlementof ParisrockFrance.
•TheGreatElector,FrederickWilliam,rulesBrandenburg.
•InterregnuminEngland:Cromwellandhisarmyrulethecountry.(JewsareallowedbackinEngland,1655.)
•Dutcheminenceintradingandtrans-shippingannoys Englandintothreewars.
•LouisXIVdeclareshisresolveforpersonalrule.
•TurksstagesiegeofVienna.
•LouisXIVrevokestheEdictofNantes.
•KingJamesIIthreatenstoreturnEnglandtothepapistfold,leadingtotheGloriousRevolution.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Overview of European
Powers
(1581-1748)
Research &EducationAssociation
1696
1701
1701-1713
1707
1713-1714
1700-1721
1713-1740
1740-1748
•PetertheGreatbecomessoleruleroftheRussias (andreignsuntil1725).
•TheEnglishparliamentpassestheActofSettlement.
•FranceandSpainwagetheWaroftheSpanish SuccessionagainstmuchoftherestofEurope.
•TheActofUnionunitesEnglandandScotlandintooneBritain.
•TheTreatiesofUtrechtandRastattendtheWarofSpanishSuccession.
•GreatNorthernWarpitsSwedenagainstanallianceofDenmark,Saxony,Poland,andRussia.
•ForeignprincesagreetoHolyRomanEmperorCharlesVI’sPragmaticSanction.
•FrederickIIofPrussiainvadestheAustrianprovinceofSilesia,leadingtotheWaroftheAustrianSuccession.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Absolutism, Constitutionalism,
and Enlightenment
(1576-1781)
Research &EducationAssociation
1576
1610-1643
1620
1637
1659
1690
1727
1733
1748
1751-1762
1754-1763
1756
1761
•JeanBodinpublishesSix Books of the Commonwealth.
•CardinalRichelieu(followingtheleadoftheDukeofSully)institutestheintendantsystem.
•FrancisBaconpublisheshisNew Organon.
•RenéDescartespublishesDiscourse on Method.
•FranceandSpainsigntheTreatyofPyrenees.
•JohnLockepublishestreatisesongovernmentandontabula rasa.
•JohannSebastianBachcomposestheSaint Matthew Passion.
•VoltairepublishesLetters on the English.
•BarondeMontesquieupublishesThe Spirit of the Laws.
•DenisDiderotandcollaboratorspublishthemassiveEncyclopedia.
•EnglandandFrancefighttheSevenYears’(orFrenchandIndian)War.
•FranceandAustriaallywithoneanother,formingtheDiplomaticRevolution.
•Rousseau’stwomajorpublications
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Research &EducationAssociation
1763
1776
1769-1778
1769-1793
1781
•WarringnationssigntheTreatiesofHubertusburg andParis.
•AdamSmithpublishestheWealth of Nations.TheAmericancoloniesrebel.
•Newcomen-Wattsteamengineisinvented,improvedupon,andfinancedformarkets.
•RichardArkwright’sspinningframe,James Hargreaves’sspinningjenny,EdwardCartwright’s powerloom,andEliWhitney’scottonginmechanize theproductionofcottonthreadsandfabrics.
•JosephIIissuestheEdictofTolerationinHabsburg crownlands.
Absolutism, Constitutionalism,
and Enlightenment
(1576-1781)
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Revolution and the
New European Order
(1789-1815)
Research &EducationAssociation
1770-1774
1781
1787-1788
1789
June 1789
July 14, 1789
Summer 1789
1789-1790
1791
September 1792
•LouisXVsuspendsrefractoryparlementsandinitiates judicialreform.
•JacquesNeckerissueshisComte Rendu fortheking— in100,000copies.
•ThekingcallsanAssemblyofNotablestoadviseon thefinancialcrisis.
•TheEstates-Generalmeetsbutishamstrungby votingprocedures.
•NationalAssemblyisformedandrecognizedbyking.
•FrenchworkersandtradesmenstormtheBastille.
•“TheGreatFear”sweepsthecountryside,leadingtothe NightofRenunciation(August4);theNationalAssembly issuestheDeclarationofRightsofManandtheCitizen.
•TheNationalAssemblyconfiscateschurchlandsandissues theCivilConstitutionoftheClergy.
•Theroyalfamilyflees;GermanprincesissuetheDeclarationofPillnitz.
•TheNationalConventionmakesFrancearepublic.FrenchforcesdefeatGermanandAustriantroopsatthebattleofValmy.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Revolution and the
New European Order
(1789-1815)
Research &EducationAssociation
1792-1793
1793-1794
1795-1799
1796-1799
1798
November 9, 1799
1801
1804
1805-1807
1806-1811
1808/1812
1814-1815
•Revolutionatwar!FrancedeclareswaronAustriaand invadestheAustrianNetherlandsandRhineland.
•FranceisseizedbytheReignofTerror!
•Thefive-manDirectorybecomestheexecutiveoffice ofthegovernment,afterthefallofRobespierre.
•RevolutionaryarmiesinvadeItaly,Holland,Egypt.
•WilliamWordsworthandSamuelTaylorColeridge publishLyrical Ballads.
•Napoleonjoinsotherconspiratorsandstagesthecoup of18Brumaire.
•NapoleonandthechurchcometotermsintheConcordat.
•Napoleoninstitutesreforms.
•FrancewagestheNapoleonicWars.
•NapoleonimposestheContinentalBlockadeonallhisconquests andsatellitestates.
•Napoleoncommitshisgreatestmilitaryblunders.
•CongressofViennameets.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Reaction and More
Revolutions
(1815-1849)
Research &EducationAssociation
1815
1815-1822
1818-1834
1821-1827
1825
1829
1815-1846
1830
1832
1840s
•TheCongressofViennaredrawsEurope.
•Thecongresssystem,institutedatVienna,controls internationalrelationsinEurope.
•Prussiapioneersinformationoftoll-freetradeunion.
•TheGreekssuccessfullywagewarsofindependence.
•DecembristRevoltinRussiafails.
•InEngland,GeorgeStephensoninauguratestheworld’s firstrailline.
•ParliamentinEnglanddeclaresCatholicemancipation.
•Conservatives(Tories)inEnglishparliamentenactCorn Lawstoprotectgrainpricesandlandowners.
•FromParis,revolutionspreadstoBelgium,Germanies, andPoland.
•EnglishparliamentenactstheGreatReformBill.
•The“HungryForties”givebirthtonewideasonsocialism.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Reaction and More
Revolutions
(1815-1849)
Research &EducationAssociation
1848
Fall 1848
1848-1849
1850
•RevolutionsweepsEurope—again!
•Congressesandparliamentscropupallover.
•Duringthe“JuneDays,”workersinParisrevoltwhen governmentclosestheateliers.
•Reactionaryforcesregainpowerinkeycountries.
•ThenewAustrianemperorsendstroopstorewin Prague,northItaly,andotherterritories;French
troopssavethepope;Russiantroopscrushthe Hungarianrevolt;Prussiantroopscrushrevoltsin Saxony,Baden,andHesse,amongothers.
•Reactionback!Theeraofrealpolitikbegins.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Liberalism, Nationalism,
And Imperialism
(1850-1913)
Research &EducationAssociation
1851
1853-1856
1858-1870
1859
1860-1862
1861
1866
1867
1870-1871
1871
1873-1896
•LouisNapoleonstagesacoupd’étatonDecember2,1851.
•CrystalPalaceisbuilttohouseindustrialexhibitions.
•EuropebecomesembroiledintheCrimeanWar.
•FranceandPiedmontplanItalianunification.
•CharlesDarwinpublishesThe Origin of Species,which delineateshiswell-foundedtheoryofnaturalselection.
•LegislationtoupgradethearmyfailsinPrussia.
•TsarAlexanderIIemancipatestheRussianserfs.
•TheGermanCivilWarerupts.
•AsecondReformBillextendssuffrageinBritain;Germanyand Austriaextendsuffrageaswell.
•Franco-PrussiaWaroccurs.
•ParisCommunecomestopower—briefly.
•EuropeandUnitedStatessufferthroughworldwideeconomicdepression.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Liberalism, Nationalism,
And Imperialism
(1850-1913)
Research &EducationAssociation
1877-1878
1878-1890
1880s
1881
1894-1906
1896
1898
1898-1904
1900
1905
1909
1911-1913
•Russo-TurkishWarleadstoCongressofBerlin.
•Bismarckinstitutesantisocialistlawsandsocial insurancelegislation.
•JulesFerrysecularizesFrencheducation.
•EuropeanpowersscrambleforcoloniesinAfrica!
•AlexanderIIisassassinatedbyradicalpopulists.
•TheDreyfusAffairrocksFrance.
•TheodorHerzlpublishesJudenstaat.
•RussianSocialDemocraticParty(RSPD)isformed.
•BritainandFranceaffectrapprochementincolonialaffairs.
•Sciencemarksmajormilestones!
•RussianRevolutionoccurs.
•Budgetof1909sparksparliamentarycrisis.
•Literaryadvancesexploresocialtaboos.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Two World Wars
(1914-1945)
Research &EducationAssociation
1890
1894
1904-1907
1908-1913
June 28, 1914
July-August 1914
1914-1916
1915-1917
1916
March-November 1917
March 1918
November 11,1918
•KaiserWilhelmIIdismissesOttovonBismarckas chancellorofGermany.
•FranceandRussiaformanalliance.
•TheTripleEntenteemerges.
•YoungTurksrevolt,AustriafeudswithRussia, andtheBalkanwarsoccur.
•AustriathwartsSerbia’slandandseaclaims.
•ArchdukeFranzFerdinandofAustria-Hungaryis assassinatedbyaSerbiannationalist.
•ConflictbetweenAustriaandSerbiaescalatesinto WorldWarI.
•Warragesonthewesternandeasternfronts.
•Germansengageinsubmarinewarfare;theUnitedStates entersthewar.
•Combatantsattempttobreakstalematesonallfronts.
•RevolutionstakeRussiaoutofwar.
•RussiaandGermanyagreetotheTreatyofBrest-Litovsk.
•TruceendsWordWarI.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Two World Wars
(1914-1945)
Research &EducationAssociation
1919-1923
1919-1920
1920s
1922
1922-1925
1923
1923-1924
November 9, 1924
1925-1931
1929
1929-1932
1930-1933
•ParisPeaceConferencecraftstheTreatyofVersailles.
•CommunistregimesariseintheWest,butare shortlived.
•DemocraciesstruggleintheWest—andtheEast.
•FasciststakeovertheItaliangovernment.
•GermanchancellorGustavStresemannimplements newforeignpolicy.
•FranceoccupiestheRuhr.
•MussoliniconsolidatespoweroverItaly.
•Beer-HallPutschoccurs.
•Britainreinstitutesthegoldstandard,butthenabandons
itagain.
•MussoliniandthepopeagreetotheLateranAccords.
•WorldisrockedbytheGreatDepression.
•ThegovernmentsofHeinrichBrüning,FranzvonPapen,andKurtvonSchleicherfailtoreviveeconomyorsolveparliamen-tarydeadlockbetweenFarLeft(Communists)andFarRight(Nazis).
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Two World Wars
(1914-1945)
Research &EducationAssociation
1933-1934
1935-1938
1935-1939
1935-1936
1936-1939
March 1939
Aug.-Sept. 1939
1940
1941
1942-1945
late 1942
1943
1944
1945
•Hitlersidelinesdomesticopposition.
•Hitlerneutralizesforeignopponents.
•HitlerescalateswaragainstGermanJews.
•MussoliniattacksEthiopia.
•FasciststakeoverSpain.
•HitlertakestherumpoftheCzechstate,Danzig, andthePolishCorridor.
•Hitlerpreparesforwar;WorldWarIIbegins.
•Warresumesonnorthernandwesternfronts.
•Germanyantagonizestwonewenemies.
•Hitlerimplementshis“FinalSolution.”
•Alliesbegintoturnbackthefascisttide.
•Wartimeconferencescommence.
•BritainandSovietUnionmeetintheMoscowministerialconference.
•TheAlliesmeetatYaltaandPotsdam.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Cold War, Unification,
and the Decolonized
World
(1945-2001)
Research &EducationAssociation
1945
1945-1946
1945
1945 on
1945-1999
1947
1948-1949
1949
1950
1949-1953
1954-1955
1956
•TheColdWarstartsinGermany.
•FranceestablishestheFourthRepublic.
•TheLabourPartywinsinBritain.
•ChristianDemocratsrisetopower—andstay there—throughouttheContinent.
•Europeancountriesdivestthemselvesoftheir overseascolonies.
•CommunistthreatsparkscrisisoverGreeceand Turkey.
•TheTrumanadministrationimplementstheMarshallPlan astheeconomicarmtoitspolitical-militarydoctrine.
•CurrencycrisisintheGermanzonesleadstotheBerlinairlift.
•ThetwoGermaniesareestablished.
•SixcountriesformtheEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity.
•TheSovietUnionacquiresatomicweapons.
•WestGermanyremilitarizes.
•UnrestoccursinPoland,Hungary,andtheSuezCanalzone.
•NikitaKhrushchevdelivershissecretspeechattheTwentiethPartyCongress.
AP EuroPEAn
HISTorY
Cold War, Unification,
and the Decolonized
World
(1945-2001)
Research &EducationAssociation
1957
1958
1960-1962
1968
1973
1975
1982-1985
1992-1993
•TreatyofRomeestablishestheEuropeanEconomic Community(EEC).
•TheSovietslaunchtheSputniksatellite.
•TheSovietgovernmentforbidsauthorBorisPasternak fromattendingtheNobelawardsceremony.
•AseriesofcrisestiptheColdWartowardthebrinkof nuclearwar.
•InBerlin,Paris,andelsewhere,radicalizeduniversity studentriot.
•PragueSpringoccurs.
•TheCommonMarketexpandsbythreenewmembers.
•Thirty-fivenationssigntheHelsinkiAccords.
•TheEECexpandstotwelvenations.
•TheMaastrichtTreatycreatestheEuropeanUnion(EU).
top related