america in wwii: course of war
DESCRIPTION
AP US History. America in WWII: Course of War. The Rising Sun. After Pearl Harbor, Japan assaults Pacific Targets American outposts of Guam, Wake, and Philippines; British port of Hong Kong and British Malaya Moves into China, Burma, & takes Dutch East Indies. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
America in WWII: Course of War
AP US History
The Rising Sun
After Pearl Harbor, Japan assaults Pacific
Targets American outposts of Guam, Wake, and Philippines; British port of Hong Kong and British Malaya
Moves into China, Burma, & takes Dutch East Indies
Pacific Theater of Operations
Pacific Theater of Operations
Singapore Surrenders[February, 1942]
Singapore Surrenders[February, 1942]
The Burma CampaignThe Burma Campaign
The “Burma Road”
General Stilwell Leaving Burma,
1942
The Rising Sun
Japan attacks Philippines US forces under Gen Douglass
MacArthur in Philippines surrender
Japanese & Human Rights
The Nazi’s weren’t the only group guilty of human rights violations during WWII
The Japanese captured, tortured, and killed Americans and Filipinos in Asia, the Chinese, and multiple ethnic groups throughout southeast Asia
U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,
the Philippines [March, 1942]
U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,
the Philippines [March, 1942]
Bataan Death March: April, 1942
Bataan Death March: April, 1942
76,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to
POW camps in the Philippines.
Bataan Death March
the forcible transfer of 75,000 American and Filipino POWs from the Bataan peninsula to prison camps (consistent marching in tropical heat for one week)
Along the way… Beheadings cutting of throats casual shootings bayonet stabbing Rape Disembowelment deliberate refusal to allow the prisoners food or water
Falling down or inability to continue moving was a death sentence, as was any degree of protest or expression of displeasure
Allied Counter-Attack: Island Hopping
BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA MAY 7-8, 1942
Battle of the Coral Sea
first fleet action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other (Shōkaku vs. USS Yorktown)
Japan sunk more ships, but ended in stalemate (disengaged after 2 days)
tactical victory for the Japanese in terms of ships sunk; strategic victory for the Allies because it showed that the Japanese could be halted
June 1942The US defeated the
Japanese by relying on US carrier dive bombers
This became a turning point in the war because it was the first major defeat for the Japanese
Battle of Midway: the US strikes back!
USS YORKTOWN
HIT BY JAPANESE CARRIER
PLANES. IT WAS THE
ONLY CARRIER THE U.S.
LOST. THE JAPANESE
LOST FOUR CARRIERS AND ALL
THEIR PILOTS.
U.S. CARRIER DIVE BOMBERS PREPARE TO STRIKE JAPANESE CARRIERS AT MIDWAY
F-4 WILDCAT FIGHTER
U.S. CARRIER AIRPLANES WON THE
BATTLE OF MIDWAY
DAUNTLESS DIVE BOMBER
General Douglas McArthur
Becomes Supreme Allied Commander of the Pacific
General Douglas McArthur
Bio… Fought in WWI, WWII, and the Korean
War General in the Pacific theatre of WWII Won Medal of Honor for his service in the
Philippines Accepted Japan’s surrender at the end of
the war Oversaw American occupation of Japan
from 1945 – 1951 Buried in Norfolk, VA
War in the Pacific
After Midway, the US was pushing the Japanese back to their own country
The two largest battles in the Pacific were Iwo Jima and Okinawa
OKINAWA
MAP SHOWING INVASIONS OF IWO JIMA AND OKINAWA
IWO JIMA
Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima was invaded in February 1945 because it could be used as a base for US B-29
bomber raids on Japan It knocked out three airfields being used
for kamikaze attacks on US ships
Kamikaze Pilots
Kamikazes were the suicide attacks the Japanese began late in the war when they realized they could not defeat conventional US forces
Most of the pilots were extremely
young
Kamikaze Pilots
PICTURES OF KAMIKAZES, AND U.S. SHIPS HIT BY SUICIDE PLANES
Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima
Elimination of the airfields brought forth a US win
Japanese had to rely on infantry (used tunneling and surprise attacks); still no match for US air strikes
Losses were still heavy (US – 20,000 killed or wounded; all Japanese soldiers on Iwo Jima killed, taken prisoner, or fled – 22,000)
Famous photograph of the flag raising on Mount Suribachi on
Iwo Jima taken by Joe Rosenthal in February
of 1945
STRATEGIC BOMBING CAMPAIGN OVER
JAPAN, 1944-1945
U.S. INVASION MAPS OF OKINAWA
Okinawa
Operation Iceberg Largest amphibious launch in WWII
(also air) 82 days Japanese casualties: 100,000
soldiers; almost as many civilians (suicide)
US casualties: 62,000 highest death toll in naval history
Operation Downfall
Allied invasion of the main island of Japan two planned major invasions in 1945 and
1946 Estimates of US casualties ranged to over
a million Millions of Japanese would be killed
FDR
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945
Harry Truman
FDR’s Vice President Became President when FDR died Promised to end the war with as few
lives lost as possible Gave the order to drop the atomic
bomb on Japan
The Atomic Bomb
The Enola Gay (plane) dropped “little boy” (bomb) over the city of Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945
70,000 killed immediately. 48,000 buildings destroyed 100,000s died of
radiation poisoning & cancer later.
Japan refused to surrender
The Atomic Bomb
On August 9th a second Atomic Bomb was dropped on the city of Nagasaki
40,000 killed immediately 60,000 injured 100,000s died of radiation poisoning
& cancer later
The world was a
changed place!
The Surrender
On August 10, 1945 the Japanese surrendered
The formal surrender: Tokyo Bay, September 2nd, 1945 aboard the U.S.S. Missouri
VJ DAY, AUGUST 14, 1945 WORLD WAR II ENDS
WW II Casualties: Europe
WW II Casualties: Europe
Each symbol indicates 100,000
dead in the appropriate theater of operations
WW II Casualties: AsiaWW II Casualties: Asia
Each symbol indicates 100,000
dead in the appropriate theater of operations
WW II Casualtie
s
WW II Casualtie
s
Country Men in war Battle deaths Wounded
Australia 1,000,000 26,976 180,864
Austria 800,000 280,000 350,117
Belgium 625,000 8,460 55,5131
Brazil2 40,334 943 4,222
Bulgaria 339,760 6,671 21,878
Canada 1,086,3437 42,0427 53,145
China3 17,250,521
1,324,516 1,762,006
Czechoslovakia — 6,6834 8,017
Denmark — 4,339 —
Finland 500,000 79,047 50,000
France — 201,568 400,000
Germany 20,000,000
3,250,0004 7,250,000
Greece — 17,024 47,290
Hungary — 147,435 89,313
India 2,393,891 32,121 64,354
Italy 3,100,000 149,4964 66,716
Japan 9,700,000 1,270,000 140,000
Netherlands 280,000 6,500 2,860
New Zealand 194,000 11,6254 17,000
Norway 75,000 2,000 —
Poland — 664,000 530,000
Romania 650,0005 350,0006 —
South Africa 410,056 2,473 —
U.S.S.R. — 6,115,0004 14,012,000
United Kingdom 5,896,000 357,1164 369,267
United States 16,112,566
291,557 670,846
Yugoslavia 3,741,000 305,000 425,000
1. Civilians only.2. Army and navy figures.3. Figures cover period
July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. They do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps.
4. Deaths from all causes.5. Against Soviet Russia;
385,847 against Nazi Germany.
6. Against Soviet Russia; 169,822against Nazi Germany.
7. National Defense Ctr., CanadianForces Hq., Director of History.
Massive Human Dislocations
Massive Human Dislocations
The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two
Superpowers of the later 20c
The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two
Superpowers of the later 20c
The Nuremberg War Trials:Crimes Against Humanity
The Nuremberg War Trials:Crimes Against Humanity
Japanese War Crimes Trials
Japanese War Crimes Trials
General Hideki Tojo
Bio-Chemical
Experiments
7 Future American Presidents Served in World War II
7 Future American Presidents Served in World War II
How America Changed…
WWII changed America in many ways The Great Depression was finally over and a
new period of prosperity began Women and minorities found new
employment Fear against Japanese Americans led to their
internment during the war Black participation in the military and in the
economy led to the Civil Rights Movement After the war, America abandoned
isolationism completely
