allied and axis strategy and war in the european theater
TRANSCRIPT
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Allied and Axis Strategy and War in the European Theater
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Bell Ringer
What is Isolationism?
What does “cash and carry” basis mean?
How did President Roosevelt address the nation after Pearl Harbor?
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Time line Activity
Create a time line using the events on your worksheet
Add the US embargo on steel and oil to the event list
Use your book and notes to help you
Provide a brief description of each event on the time line
Be creative!
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1931- Japan invades Manchuria
1935- Neutrality Act (against all belligerent nations)
1935- Italy invades Ethiopia
1936- Germany invades the Rhineland
1938- Munich Agreement
1939 – Nonaggression Act
1939- Germany invades Poland
1939- Neutrality Act (Cash and Carry basis)
1940- US embargo on oil and steel
1940- Hitler over runs France
1940- Battle of Britain 1941- Lend Lease Act1941- Pearl Harbor1941- US enter WWII
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Major Conflicts in the European Theater
Battle of the Atlantic
Battle of Stalingrad
Battle of El Alamein
Operation Torch
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Allied Strategy
European Theater
“Defeat Hitler First”
Germany viewed as a direct threat
American military resources targeted for Europe
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Allied Strategy
Pacific Theater
Island Hopping
Moved closer to Japan by hopping from island to island
Cut off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare
Set up military bases for air attacks on Japan
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Island Hopping
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Axis Strategy in European Theater
Defeat the Soviet Union quickly and control their oil fields
Force Britain out of war through bombing campaigns and submarine warfare
US cannot be allowed to change momentum
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Axis Strategy in Pacific Theater
Japan plans to invade Indonesia and Australia
Hoped American would accept Japanese dominance rather than fight a bloody and costly war
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Following Pearl Harbor
US joins the war
Allied Power Great Britain
United States
Soviet Union
Axis Powers Germany
Italy
Japan
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Battle of Atlantic
Goal: Prevent food and war materials from reaching Great Britain
681 Allied ship sunk in seven months of 1942 by German submarines
Allied Counter: Use of convoys with destroyers battle ships and airplanes using sonar and radar to cut down
Production of “liberty ships” outnumbered their sinking
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Battle of StalingradAugust 1942: Luftwaffe
nightly air raids
September 1942: Germany control 90% of city
Winter 1943
Opportunity for massive counter attack
Soviet tanks and forces surround the city starving the Germans out
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IcOmdw82M40
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Result of Battle of Stalingrad
Germany surrender in February 1943
1,100,000 Soviets causalities
Prevents Germany from control of Soviet oil fields
Turning point in European Theater
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Battle of El Alamein
German forces threaten to seize Egypt and Suez Canal
November 1942 Germany forces are defeated
Result: Prevented Hitler from gaining oil supplies from Middle East
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrsRo_P7Zyw
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Operation Torch
American General Dwight D. Eisenhower vs. General Erwin Rommel
Goal: Improve naval control of Mediterranean
Axis surrender in May 1943
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Spring 1943
Tide turns in favor of the Allies
Allies regain control
Allies mount their own offensive and march towards Germany begins