alice ppt ch01
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
About the Presentations
• The presentations cover the objectives found in the opening of each chapter.
• All chapter objectives are listed in the beginning of each presentation.
• You may customize the presentations to fit your class needs.
• Some figures from the chapters are included. A complete set of images from the book can be found on the Instructor Resources disc.
1
![Page 2: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Alice and Object-Oriented Programming
![Page 3: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objectives
After finishing this chapter, you should be able to: • Provide a brief definition of the following terms:
– Algorithm, computer program, object, property, method, state of an object, object-oriented programming (OOP), computer programming language, Integrated Development Environment (IDE), function, event, class, instance, instantiation, and method parameter
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 3
![Page 4: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Objectives (cont’d.)
• Run the Alice software and locate and describe the following components of the Alice interface: – World window, Object tree, Details area, Editor area,
Events area, menu bar, Trash can icon, Clipboard icon, Play button, Undo button, and Redo button
• Load and play an existing Alice world
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 4
![Page 5: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Objectives (cont’d.)
• Create a new Alice world by adding objects to a blank world, positioning them, and using simple methods to animate those objects
• Print the code for Alice methods and events • Save an Alice world as a QuickTime movie file
(*.mov)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 5
![Page 6: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 6
Object-Oriented Programming and Alice
• Algorithm – A step-by-step process
• Methods – Programs that manipulate the properties of an object
• Object – Collection of properties along with the methods that
are used to manipulate those properties • State of an object
– Values stored in the properties of an object at any given time
![Page 7: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 7
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface
• Start the Alice software – Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
• Computer program that is used to write other computer programs
• Welcome to Alice! dialog box has five tabs – Tutorial, Recent Worlds, Templates, Examples, and
Open a world • Click the Tutorial tab and you will see four Alice
tutorials
![Page 8: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 9: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 9
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• Click the Recent Worlds tab – You will see thumbnail sketches of the most recently
saved Alice worlds • Click the Templates tab
– Templates for starting a new virtual world - dirt, grass, sand, snow, space, and water
• Click the Examples tab – Example worlds created by the Alice developers are
provided
![Page 10: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 10
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• Click the Open a world tab – Tab is used to access Alice worlds saved on your
computer • Click the Examples tab
– Click the lakeSkater thumbnail – Click the Open button to open the lakeSkater Alice
world
![Page 11: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 12: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 13: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 13
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• The main work areas of the Alice interface – The World window
• Contains a view of the lakeSkater virtual world • Set of blue arrows below the window controls the Alice
camera – The Object tree
• Appears to the left of the World window • Shows the objects in the current Alice world organized
as a tree of tiles
![Page 14: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• The main work areas of the Alice interface (cont’d.) – The Details area
• Located below the Object tree • Has tabs to show properties, methods, and functions
for the currently selected Alice object • Function: method that returns a value, such as the
distance between two objects – The Editor area
• Largest area of the Alice interface
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 14
![Page 15: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• The main work areas of the Alice interface (cont’d.) – The Events area
• Above the Editor area • Shows existing events and is used to create new
events • Event: consists of a condition, called an event trigger,
and a method, called an event handler
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 15
![Page 16: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tutorial 1A – Exploring the Alice Interface (cont’d.)
• Other elements of the Alice interface – Trash can icon and the Clipboard icon are used for
editing – Undo and Redo buttons
• Useful for editing an Alice world – Play button is used to play an Alice world
• Menus – Alice interface has a menu bar at the top of the
screen with four menus: File, Edit, Tools, and Help
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 16
![Page 17: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 17
Tutorial 1B – Playing an Alice World
• Buttons near the top of the Alice interface – Play, Undo, and Redo
• Click the Play button to watch the show unfold • New window has a speed slider control and five
buttons across the top of the window – Pause – Play – Restart – Stop – Take Picture
![Page 18: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 19: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tutorial 1B – Playing an Alice World
• The Restart button – Used to begin playing the current world again from
the beginning – The Pause and Play buttons work like the pause and
play buttons on a DVD player – Click the Restart button – Experiment with the Pause and Play buttons
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 19
![Page 20: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tutorial 1B – Playing an Alice World (cont’d.)
• Speed slider – Used to change the speed of the world while it is
playing – Restart the world, and experiment with the speed
slider control • Take Picture button
– Captures an image of the currently playing world and saves it in a data file
– Restart the world and click the Take Picture button to take a picture of the world
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 20
![Page 21: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Tutorial 1B – Playing an Alice World (cont’d.)
• Stop button – Stops the world that is currently playing and returns
you to the standard Alice interface – Once pressed, you will need to click the standard
interface’s Play button to replay the world
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 21
![Page 22: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 22
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World
• Start the Alice software • In the Welcome to Alice! dialog box, click the
Templates tab • Thumbnail sketches for the six new world templates
– Dirt, grass, sand, snow, space, and water
![Page 23: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 24: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 25: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Adding objects to an Alice world – Click the large green ADD OBJECTS button in the
bottom-right corner of the World window – Note that the Alice interface now looks different – Scene Editor
• Has new controls, a larger World window, and object galleries on the bottom
• Replaces the Events area and the Editor area when you are in Scene Editor mode
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 25
![Page 26: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 27: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 27
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Adding objects to an Alice world (cont’d.) – Explore the galleries before preparing to add objects
to your new world • Click the folder icon on the gallery navigation bar to
move up one level in the tree of galleries • Click the Local Gallery icon to go back to the Local
Gallery • Find and click the Animals folder icon to open the folder
![Page 28: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 28
![Page 29: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 29
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Object classes and instances in Alice – Class
• Group of objects with the same properties and the same methods
– Objects in the same class • Virtually identical to each other • Values stored in some properties may be different
– Instance of the object • Each copy of an object from a particular class
![Page 30: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 30
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Object classes and instances in Alice (cont’d.) – To instantiate a Bunny class object
• Click the Class Bunny icon • Click the Add instance to world button to put a bunny
into the world • Add an object to an Alice world by clicking an object
class tile and dragging it into place in the World window • You should now have an Alice world with two objects -
a bunny and a chicken
![Page 31: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 32: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 32
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Positioning objects – Layout tools can be used to manipulate objects – Pointer tool is already selected
• Experiment a bit by using the pointer to click the bunny and move it around the screen
– Click the Rotate tool and try turning the bunny a few times
– Before exiting Scene Editor mode • Properly position the bunny in its starting position for
the new Alice world you are creating
![Page 33: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 34: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 35: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Positioning objects (cont’d.) – After the bunny is in position, click the large green
DONE button to close the Scene Editor • Adding some action
– Click the World tile in the Object tree in the upper-left corner of the interface
– Click the methods tab in the Details area – Click the bunny tile in the Object tree – Make sure methods tab is selected in the Details area
• Find and drag the bunny move tile into the middle of world.my first method
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 35
![Page 36: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 37: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Adding some action (cont’d.) – Select forward for the direction, and then 1 meter for
the amount – To test your world, click the Play button – To change the amount the bunny moves, click the 1
meter parameter in the move tile in your new method • Choose one of the values in the drop-down menu
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 37
![Page 38: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Adding some action (cont’d.) – Find the bunny turn to face method tile
• Parameter - object you want the bunny to face • Drag the bunny turn to face tile into the Editor area • Choose camera as the object you want the bunny to
face
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 38
![Page 39: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Adding some action (cont’d.) – Add two tiles to make the bunny speak, then save the
world – Find and drag the bunny say tile into the Editor area
and drop it below your other two instructions – When the parameter menu appears, click other, and
then type Hello, World!
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 39
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
![Page 40: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• To add another instruction and save your world: – Add another bunny say tile to make the bunny say “Hello, Dr. Kernighan!”
– Play your world again – To save the world you created
• Click the File menu and then click Save World – Decide where you want to save the world – Type the name hello world, with no punctuation, in
the File name box
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 40
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
![Page 41: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 42: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Tutorial 1C – Creating Your First Alice World (cont’d.)
• Closing and reloading a saved world – Click File on the menu bar, and then click Exit – Reopen the Alice software – Click the Recent Worlds tab in the Welcome to Alice!
dialog box – Open the hello world world that you created
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 42
![Page 43: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Tutorial 1D – Printing Code From an Alice World
• Click File on the menu bar – Use Export Code For Printing
• Notice that you need to tell the computer what to print – Make sure that the boxes in front of both items are
checked • Tell Alice where you want to save the HTML file • Add your name as the author of the code • Click the Export Code button to create the new
HTML document
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 43
![Page 44: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 45: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 45
Tutorial 1E – Saving an Alice World as a Movie File
• Start Alice, and open the hello world Alice world that you created in Tutorial 1C
• Click the Play button • Click the Restart button if you wish to view the world
again • Click File on the Menu bar
– Then click the Export Video option • Click the Save button to save the world
![Page 46: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 46
Tutorial 1E – Saving an Alice World as a Movie File (cont’d.)
• Type the name of your movie file in the File name box
• Click the Record button to start recording – Click the Stop Recording button to finish recording
• Export the recorded video to a file • Click the Stop button to close the window
– Close the Alice software
![Page 47: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47 An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition
![Page 48: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 48
Summary • Algorithm
– Step-by-step process • Computer programs are algorithms • Most modern computer programming languages are
object-oriented languages • Object
– Collection of properties and methods that can be used to manipulate those properties
![Page 49: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 49
Summary (cont’d.)
• State of the object – Values stored in the properties of the object at any
given time • Class of objects
– Collection of all objects that have the same properties and methods
• Instance of that class – Each individual object in a class
![Page 50: Alice ppt ch01](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052210/555d99ecd8b42a45788b4c2c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Summary (cont’d.)
• Alice uses an object-oriented style of programming • Alice makes it easier to learn programming because:
– It requires minimal memorization of syntax and it provides visualization and rapid feedback
An Introduction to Programming Using Alice 2.2, Second Edition 50