ALCOHOL

CHAPTER 21

Lesson 1

The Health Risks of Alcohol Use

Do Now

• Alcohol Pre-Test• Exploding the Myths worksheet

Alcohol

• Made up of ethanol (alcohol) • Addictive• Consumption during teen years can slow brain

development• Can be produced synthetically• Natural production is called fermentation

(chemical actions of yeast on sugars)

Short Term Effects

• Intoxication – state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance, and the person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced.

• Slows central nervous system• Slows reaction time• Impairs judgement• Alcohol stays in the system until the liver can break it

down

Factors that Influence Alcohol Effects

• Body size • Gender • Food

• Rate of intake • Amount• Medicine

Alcohol and Drug Interactions

• The body may absorb the drug or alcohol more slowly, increasing the length of time that alcohol or the drug is in the body.

• Alcohol use can decrease the effectiveness of some medications and increase the effectiveness of others.

• Enzymes in the body can change some medications into chemicals that can damage the liver or other organs.

Long Term Effects

• Damage to brain cells • Reduction in brain size

• Increase in blood pressure• Heart attack or stroke

• Buildup of fat cells in the liver• Damage to digestive lining of the stomach

• Destruction of the pancreas

Binge Drinking

• Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting

Alcohol Poisoning

• Severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose

• Symptoms include:• Mental confusion and stupor• Coma and inability to be roused• Vomiting and seizures• Slow respiration• Irregular heartbeat• Hypothermia or low body temperature

• MEDICAL EMERGENCY! CALL 911

In class assignment

• Figures 21.3 and 21.4

Homework

• What’s in a Drink? worksheet• Proof It! worksheet

Live Alcohol-Free

Lesson 2

Do Now • Reasons to Drink worksheet

Alcohol Use

• Psychological dependence – a condition in which a person believes that a drug is needed in order to feel good or to function normally.

• Physiological dependence – a condition in which the use has a chemical need for the drug.

Factors that Influence Alcohol Use

• Peer pressure• Family

• Media messages

Advertising• Companies spend billions to advertise products in a

way that is enticing for teenagers such as:• At or during sporting events, festivals, concerts• In newspapers and magazines• During popular tv commercial breaks• Using models and young people having fun

Health Risks

• Law – it is illegal for anyone under 21 to consume alcohol in the US

• Violence – alcohol decreases cognition and judgment between right and wrong

• School – most schools have a zero tolerance for students using alcohol at school events and students may be suspended or expelled

• Sexual activity – intoxicated people are more likely to engage in sexual activities they would otherwise avoid– Teens who drink often are twice as likely to contract

an STD as teens who do not drink

Alcohol and Family• 25% of all teens are exposed to alcohol abuse within their

families which puts them at high risk for• Neglect• Abuse• Social isolation• Economic hardship• Personal use of alcohol• Mental illness• Physical problems

Benefits of Living Alcohol-Free

• Maintaining a healthy body• Establishing healthy relationships

• Making healthy decisions• Avoiding risky behavior• Avoiding illegal activities

• Avoiding violence• Achieving your goals

In class assignment

• Refusal Skills

Homework

• TV Time worksheet

Impacts of Alcohol Abuse

Lesson 3

Do Now

• How Much Do You Know? worksheet

Driving

• Blood alcohol concentration or BAC is the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage.

– BAC depends on:» Quantity and type of alcohol» Rate of consumption» Body size» gender

• Any amount of alcohol in the blood can cause the following:– Slow reflexes– Reduced ability to judge distances and speeds– Increase in risk-taking behaviors– Reduced concentration and increased forgetfulness

DWI or DUI• Driving while intoxicated DWI or driving under the

influence is classified as such when an adult has a BAC of 0.08%

• For teenagers there is no legal BAC percentage. ZERO TOLERANCE• Consequences of a DWI or DUI include:

– Injuries to or death of the driver and others– Arrest/jail time– Court appearance, fines, bail– Police record– Lawsuits– Restricted driving privileges – Revoked license– Higher car insurance

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome• A female who drinks during pregnancy can harm her

fetus• Effects of FAS include:

– Small head and deformities of face, hands or feet– Heart, liver and kidney problems– Vision and hearing problems– CNS problems– Developmental disabilities– Poor coordination– Difficulties learning– Short attention span– Hyperactivity and anxiety

In class assignment

• DUI poem

Homework

• Answer the following questions in your notebooks• Who are the other characters in the poem? • Who is the poem addressed to? • Where is the plot taking place? • Who is the main character of the poem? Describe the

person? • What does the main character feel like? (physically and

mentally

AlcoholismLesson 4

Do Now• Checklist – Addiction worksheet

Alcoholism• Alcoholism is physical or psychological

dependence on alcohol and affects the drinker and people around him or her.

• Symptoms of alcoholism include:– Craving – strong need for alcohol to manage daily

challenges– Loss of control – inability to limit intake– Physical dependence – withdrawal symptoms– Tolerance – need to drink high amounts to feel its

effects

Alcoholics

• An addict who is dependent on alcohol• Not limited to any age, race, socioeconomic or ethnic

group• Behaviors may range from violent to withdrawn• Children of alcoholics are 4 times more likely to

become alcoholics• Drinking at a younger age increase the risk of

alcoholism

Stages of Alcoholism

• Stage 1 – ABUSE• Stage 2 – DEPENDENCE• Stage 3 - ADDICTION

Stage 1 - ABUSE

• Beings with social drinking• Physical and psychological dependence develops• May experience blackouts and memory loss• May lie or make up excuses to justify his or her

drinking

Stage 2 - DEPENDENCE

• Person cannot stop drinking• Physical dependence on alcohol• Tries to hide the problem• Performance at work, school and home suffers

Stage 3 - ADDICTION

• Final stage of alcoholism• Liver mat be damaged so less alcohol may be

required to cause intoxication• Withdrawal symptoms are experienced when the

person stops drinking

In class assignment

• Stages of Alcoholism Cards

Homework

• Drinking on the Job worksheet

Getting HelpLesson 5

Do Now

• Checklist – Addiction worksheet

Effects of Alcoholism on Family

• 15 million alcoholics and problem drinkers in the US• Contributes to the 4 leading causes of accidental death:

– Car accidents– Falling– Drowning– House fires

• Plays a major role in violent crimes such as:– Homicide, robbery and rape

• People close to alcoholics may develop co-dependency where they ignore their own emotional and physical needs to focus on the needs of the alcoholic.

Treatment

• Alcoholism cannot be cured but can be treated• Recovery – process of learning to live an alcohol-free life. • Recovering alcoholics commit to a life of sobriety – living

without alcohol

Programs• Al-Anon• Alcoholics Anonymous• Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)• National Association for Children of Alcoholics• National Drug and Alcohol Treatment Referral Routing Service• Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD)• SAMSHA’s National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug

Information

Steps to Recovery• Step 1 – Admission – person admits to having a drinking

problem• Step 2 – Detoxification – person goes through detoxification,

a process in which the body adjusts to functioning without alcohol

• Step 3 – Counseling – person receives counseling to help him or her learn to change behaviors and live without alcohol

• Step 4 – Recovery - person takes responsibility for his or her own life

In class assignment

• At the Movies worksheet

Homework

• Chapter 22 Study Guide

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