Alcohol and Tobacco #1

Meaghan A. Roy, M.EdFall 2009Grade 9 Health

Alcohol Taxonomy

Write all of the letters of the alphabet on your paper – one letter per line, vertical

Next to each letter, write any word that comes to mind that relates to alcohol

What Exactly is Alcohol?

The intoxicating substance found in beer, wine, liquor, and liqueurs is ethyl alcohol (ethanol).

1. Ethanol is produced by the process of fermentation

Fermentation - a. yeast breaks down plant sugars into ethanol and CO2 until the “mash” reaches 14% alcoholb. at 14% the alcohol kills the yeast

2. Beer and Ales - other ingredients added to dilute the alcohol

3. After fermentation, other beverages are heated and the vapors are “condensed” and mixed with H2O to make the product.

What does “Proof” Mean?

Proof measures the % of alcohol in the beverage

A product that states “100 proof” is actually 50% alcohol

Higher proof = Greater effects on the body

Wines = 12 - 15% alcoholAles = 6 - 8%Beer = 2 - 6%*All percentages vary according to the specific product

Standard Drink Size

Cool Spot

Behavioral Effects of Alcohol

BAC = Blood Alcohol Concentration, the ratio of alcohol tototal blood volume.

Activity: Organize the cards according to your beliefs of effects of alcohol based on the number of drinks that a person has had.

Tolerance = The nervous system adapts so that it takes more alcohol to produce the same effects as it had on fewer drinks.

Blood Alcohol Concentration Chart

Blood AlcoholConcentration

Changes in Feelingsand Personality

Physical and MentalImpairments

0.01 — 0.06

RelaxationSense of Well-beingLoss of InhibitionLowered AlertnessJoyous

ThoughtJudgmentCoordinationConcentration

0.06 — 0.10

Blunted FeelingsDisinhibitionExtroversion

Reflexes ImpairedReasoningDepth PerceptionDistance AcuityPeripheral VisionGlare Recovery

0.11 — 0.20

Over-ExpressionEmotional SwingsAngry or SadBoisterous

Reaction TimeGross Motor ControlStaggeringSlurred Speech

0.21 — 0.29StuporLose UnderstandingImpaired Sensations

Severe Motor ImpairmentLoss of ConsciousnessMemory Blackout

0.30 — 0.39Severe DepressionUnconsciousnessDeath Possible

Bladder FunctionBreathingHeart Rate

=> 0.40UnconsciousnessDeath

BreathingHeart Rate

Signs of Alcohol Poisoning

•Confusion, stupor •Vomiting •Seizures •Slow breathing (less than eight breaths a minute) •Irregular breathing •Blue-tinged skin or pale skin •Low body temperature (hypothermia) •Unconsciousness ("passing out")

Who Can Help You?

• On a scrap piece of paper, write down who you would call if you were ever in a dangerous (or even questionable) situation involving alcohol.

• DO NOT WRITE THEIR NAME! Write their relationship to you and why you would call them. Ex: My sister because she is very responsible.

Alcohol Metabolism

It takes approximately 2 hours for the body to metabolize one serving of alcohol.

Interactive Body

1. Easily absorbed through the entire GI system

2. Mouth – tiny amounts

3. ~20% absorbed through stomach lining

4. ~80% absorbed through upper 1/3 of small intestine

Factors Affecting Absorptionof Alcohol – What do You Think?

Brainstorm with your group from BAC activity

Answers:1. Alcohol concentration in your drink –

-more rapidly absorbed-in general, wine and beer are absorbed more slowly

2. Amount of alcohol consumed -

3. Amount of food in your stomach – full stomach= less exposed surface are to the alcohol

Factors Affecting Absorptionof Alcohol (cont’d)

5. Carbonated beverages – absorbed more quickly than those w/ocarbonation

6. Mixers – cause the pyloric valve to relax, thus allowing stomach Contents to be “dumped” into the small intestine.

*Pyloric Valve = opening from stomach to small intestine

7. Mood – emotions affect how long it takes for contents to move from the stomach to the small intestine. “Powerful Moods” cause stomach contents to be dumped into the small intestine. = More rapid absorption

Maternal Consumption

• What can happen to an unborn child when a mother drinks alcohol?

• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Signs of FAS •Facial Features: small eyes, an thin upper lip, a short, upturned nose•Heart defects •Deformities of joints, limbs and fingers •Slow physical growth before and after birth •Vision difficulties or hearing problems •Small head circumference and brain size (microcephaly) •Poor coordination •Sleep problems •Mental retardation and delayed development •Learning disorders •Abnormal behavior, such as a short attention span, hyperactivity, poor impulse control, extreme nervousness and anxiety

Facial Features of FAS

Activity

1. Write your ASSIGNED age on your slip of paper -1, 2, 5, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 27, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80

2. Write down a positive typical thing that someone who is that ASSIGNED age might do.

3. Come up to the board and tape your paper to the timeline in the appropriate space then return to your seat.