alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
1/33
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
2/33
Beer
10,000 years agoaccident from grain?
1100 AD guild formed devoted to brewing
1722a nourishing drink for potters and
laborers created called Potter
Wine 8,000 years ago
5,000 years ago the vineyards
2,000 BC - Hammurabi ruler of Babylon sets
rules for the sale and purchase of wine
1,500 BC Greek god of wineDionysus /
Bacchus
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
3/33
Ancient Awareness "You will conceive and bear a sonnow then
be careful to take no wine or strong drink and
to eat nothing unclean".
Bible - Judges 13:3-4
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
4/33
Current Views
Alcohol is the number one drug of choice
among our Nations youth. Yet the
seriousness of this issue does not registerwith the general public or policymakers.
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
5/33
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) 1 to 3 births per 1,000 world wide??
Fetal Alcohol Effect (FAE)
Characteristics Growth deficiency
Learning dysfunction
Nervous systems disabilities
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
6/33
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
7/33
Consumption
Have you ever drank alcohol?
Why?
Have you ever drank too much alcohol?
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
8/33
Health Effects
What are the pleasant effects of alcohol?
The adverse effects (toxicity)?
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
9/33
Acute Effects
Depression of inhibitory control
warm, flushed, reddish skin
Emotional outbursts
Decreased memory & concentration
Poor judgment
Decreased reflexes
Decreased sexual response
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
10/33
Long Term Adverse Effects Obvious
Alcoholism, death, cancer (oral cavity,
esophagus, liver), fetal effects (FAS)
Alcoholism
Cirrhosis of liver, appetite loss, poor
judgment
Subtle
Lost productivity, impaired performance,
motor impairment, cost to society
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
11/33
Alcohol & Cancer Ethanol consumption increases risk of cancer
Oral Cavity
Pharynx and Larynx Esophagus
Liver
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
12/33
Gender Differences
Females have higher blood alcohol levels
than males
Males have higher stomach metabolism of
alcohol than females
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
13/33
AlcoholismAlcohol Dependence
Craving: A strong need, or compulsion, to drink.
Loss of control: The inability to limit onesdrinking on any given occasion.
Physical dependence: Withdrawal symptoms,such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, andanxiety, occur when alcohol use is stopped aftera period of heavy drinking.
Tolerance: The need to drink greater amounts ofalcohol in order to get high.
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
14/33
Alcohol Withdrawal Effects
Tremor
Nausea
Irritability Agitation
Hypertension
Seizers
Hallucinations
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
15/33
Alcohol and college students
70% of college students consumed alcohol in thelast year
1/2 are classified as heavy drinkers
Many students have a misperception about normaldrinking behavior, and believe their peers drinkmore than they actually do.
1,700 students die annually due to preventablealcohol related injuries
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
16/33
Binge Drinking Dangerous to yourself and others
Consuming a large quantity of alcohol in a shortperiod of time increases the risk ofunconsciousness, alcohol poisoning, and death
Linked to campus crime, including rape and assault
Many colleges and universities trying to address theproblem Implementing policies against drinking Offering more programs to help students with alcohol
problems
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
17/33
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
18/33
Alcohol: Absorption and Metabolism
Absorption in stomach 20%
Absorption in small intestine 80%
Factors that influence absorption Concentration of the drink
Amount consumed
Food in the stomach Mood
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
19/33
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
20/33
Behavioral and Physiological Effects ofAlcohol
Consuming large amounts of alcohol in short period of
time can be lethal
Alcohol alone or mixed with another drug responsiblefor more deaths due to toxic overdose than any othersubstance
Death caused by either central nervous system andrespiratory depression or by inhalation of vomit or fluid intothe lungs
Signs include inability to be roused, weak and rapid pulse,
unusual breathing pattern, and cool, damp, pale or bluishskin
If wait to call for help until person is unconscious, risk ofdeath increases tenfold
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
21/33
A normal liver and a liver withcirrhosis
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
22/33
Smoking Smoking facts
Single most preventable cause of death
438,000 people die a year
50 times that of illegal drug deaths
Teen smokers = 27.5%
Advertising
Spends $18 million per day
Children and teens constitute 90% of new smokers Women, minorities and college students new
targets
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
23/33
Financial costs to society
$167 billion in annual health related economic losses
$75.5 billion in medical expenditures
College students are smoking less
Estimated 18% reported having smoked in the past 30days (2005)
Does tobacco appear to be a big p roblem on
your campus?
What effor ts are made to decrease smok ing?
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
24/33
Tobacco and Its Effects Physiological effects of nicotine
Nicotine is the main addictive substance in tobacco
Stimulates CNS
Stimulates adrenal glands
Increases production of adrenaline
Increases heart rate
Increases respiratory rate
Constricts vessels
Increases blood pressure
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
25/33
Tobacco and Its Effects All tobacco products are harmful
Cigarettes
Clove cigarettes
Cigars
Pipes
Bidis (hand-rolled, flavored cigarettes)
Spit (smokeless) tobacco Chewing tobacco
Dipping
Snuff
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
26/33
Health Hazards of Smoking Cancers
Lung 85-90% associated with smoking
Pancreatic
Lip
Esophagus Tongue
Cardiovascular disease Smokers have 70% higher death rate
Stroke Smokers are 2 times more likely to suffer
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
27/33
Health Hazards of Smoking Respiratory disorders
Chronic bronchitis
Sexual dysfunction
Males are twice as likely to suffer impotence
Other problems
Gum disease More likely to need medications
Metabolism of drugs is affected
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
28/33
Quitting Breaking the nicotine addiction
70% attempt to quit a year
Fewer than 5% succeed
Many programs exist to help with quitting
Nicotine withdrawal is experienced
Nicotine replacement products
Nicotine chewing gum
Nicotine patch
Nicotine nasal spray
Nicotine inhaler
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
29/33
When Smokers Quit
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
30/33
Caffeine Caffeine facts
Increases heart rate
Increases oxygen consumption
Increases urinary output
Increases wakefulness
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
31/33
Side effects Insomnia
Irregular heartbeat
Dizziness
Nausea
Indigestion
Mild delirium
Involuntary muscle twitches
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
32/33
Caffeine Addiction Drink more when coming down Caffeinism
muscle twitch
Withdrawing May produce headaches
No long-term damage is seen with moderate usein non-pregnant women
Have you no t iced any of the signs of caffeine
add ic t ion in yo urself or fr iends?
-
8/13/2019 Alcohol, Tobacco, And Caffeine
33/33
Possible Health Concerns of CaffeineUse
Links to Heart disease
Cancer
Mental dysfunction
Birth defects
No evidence that caffeine causes long-term
high blood pressure or strokes