airport’s perspective of traffic growth and demand management aci capacity for atm op… ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Airport’s Perspective of Traffic Growth and Demand Management
CANSO APAC Conference 5-7 May 2014, Colombo, Sri Lanka
SL Wong Senior Manager - Technical & Industry Affairs
The Question I Try to Answer
How Do Airports Promote Growth While Maximizing Capacity Utilization Under Constraints to Create an All-Win Solution for Users and Service Providers?
Presentation Outline
Challenges Traffic Growth Strategy Demand Management Capacity Planning Environmental Constraints
The Challenge That Airports Face
Airports no longer simply infrastructure operators Privatization/Corporatization a trend in Asia-Pacific:
need to return on investments (private/public) Competition between airports a reality Market driven facility managers Demand/capacity mgt all the more important One result of competition: airports keen on
benchmarking, e.g. service quality
The Challenge That Airports Face (cont’)
Airports add capacity in big steps (runways) High fixed costs Capacity management a challenge Maximization of utilization of expensive infrastructure a
key to success for all stakeholders
Traffic Growth Strategy
Expand air network Catch more point-to-point traffic Attract transfer passengers
Air Route Network Development
Airports becoming active in marketing Stimulate demand (especially during off peak times) Fill in gaps in the existing network Incentive to airlines for new routes
Surface Transport Improvement
Competition between airports for originating pax Enlarge of “catchment area” Intermodal transfer (sea, land), e.g. HKG, CDG Cross border bonded ferry/bus, e.g. HKG Code share with land/sea transfer, e.g. train (AF/SNCF,
LH/Deutsch Bahn)
Growing Transfer Traffic
Transfer pax a significant market for hub airports Not only for aeronautical but for commercial revenues Improve transfer capacity and efficiency Baggage transfer capacity (technology, e.g. RFID) Parking stand reassignment to facilitate transfers, e.g.
for airline alliances Security screening can be a choke point One-stop security a long-term goal for APAC
Demand Management
The function of recognizing all demands for goods and services to support the market place. It involves prioritizing demand when supply is lacking. Proper demand management facilitates the planning and use of resources for profitable business results. Source: APICS
Demand Management
Uneven demand a challenge Users pay for unused capacity Airports have few tools for demand management Hourly runway capacity the main tool Proactive marketing to increase utilization at quiet
hours Diversification of facility types, e.g. LCC, widens
airport’s portfolio
Capacity Planning
Closely related to demand management Start with traffic forecast Calculate capacity requirements
Capacity Planning (cont’)
Traffic forecast Annual (pax, cargo, acft movements) Hourly
Capacity planning Runway Aircraft Parking Passenger Terminal
Traffic Forecast
Annual traffic forecast Essential for master/long term planning Often based on GDP growth By market segment (APAC, Europe, USA) Government policy difficult to forecast
Hourly forecast Used for calculating capacity requirements Derived from annual forecast 95 percentile hour Standard busy hour (30th busiest hour) Important: ANSP/Airports use the same forecast
95 Percentile Hour vs. Standard Busy Hour
Runway Capacity
Determination of runway capacity traditionally a role for ANSP but airports can contribute
Optimal runway design enhances capacity Computer model for location of Rapid Exit Taxiways to
minimize runway occupancy time Fleet mix forecast important Computer simulation Flight delay/movement rate curve
Key Factors of Runway Capacity
Fleet mix (aircraft separation) Runway occupancy time Runway mode (segregated, mixed) Variance of arrival and departure times Random perturbations due to weather, delays etc. CDM may help reduce variance
CDM may help increase capacity by reducing variance of flight arrival times
Aircraft Parking Capacity
Seemingly easy to plan but not the case Location restrictions increase stand requirements Unpredictability Aircraft turnaround time Need to factor in flight delays and weather
A-CDM/ CDM help optimize tactical stand allocation on the day (eliminate wasted time slots)
Passenger Terminal Capacity
Essential but often ignored Passengers per hour at a defined service level e.g. 12 minutes waiting time for economy class check-in for
95% of passengers in year 2030 Service levels Queuing time Space per pax Availability of trolleys, seats
Passenger Terminal Capacity (cont’)
Typical bottlenecks Check-in Border control Security screening Baggage sorting Departure kerb
Airports built before 911 having to cope with post-911 planning parameters
Automation and self-service reduce terminal footprint requirement
Environmental Constraints
Environmental constraint becoming a reality LHR 3rd runway FRA night curfew
Airports need to obtain license to grow Environmental Impacts Noise Carbon Emissions Other engine emissions (NOx, CO, PM, VOC)
Airport’s Carbon Reduction Initiatives
Airport Carbon Management Initiatives
Conclusion
Good demand/capacity management creates all-win solutions to users and service provider
CDM/A-CDM might help squeeze more capacity out of existing infrastructure by reducing flight time variance
Industry need to work together to ensure license to grow