1. America In The Beginning
Who were the first Americans?
This land bridge is known as beringia______.
Animals like mammoths crossed the bridge or migration___________ to the America's.
This caused ocean levels drop________
and expose land__________.
In the Bering straight a land bridge_______________ appeared connecting
Siberia (asia)___________the americas____& _______________
30,000 years ago During a period of low temperatures called an ice age
The world was covered in glaciers
or sheets of ice.
How and why did they come here?

2. America In The Beginning
What happened when they came to America?
The ice age ended warming____________ up glaciers causing water levels to rise covering up the land bridge.
Some animals died off like mammoths.
Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives needed to adjust or adapt_________ to every thing in the new surrounds that made up each of their own environments
in order to survive.
How did they meet their new needs?
Hunter's in Asia who moved from place to place to find food or nomads_____________ followed the mammoths and spread out or___________ to the migrated
3. How did Native Americans adjust to the new environments?
America In The Beginning
Different groups in different environments developed their own beliefs and ways of life or culture.Groups in the same environments adapted similar life styles, and language creating cultural region.
Many Native American have these things in common.
1. Nature has a spirit & believing in many gods.
2. No one can own land.
3. Only use what is needed (no waste).
4. trade was important to most societies
Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives used the different natural resources in their own different environments for food, clothing, and shelter.
What did they have in common?
4. 8 Cultural
Regions
California
Great Basin
South East
Great Plains
North West Coast
Plateau
Eastern Woodlands
South West
Subarctic
Northwest coast
plains
northeast
california
5. 8 Cultural Regions
6. 7. North West Coast
Weather:
long cold winters
cool summers
heavy rainfall
Natural Resources:
ocean/beaches
thick forests of fir,
spruce, and cedar
rugged mountains
seafood/salmon
deer, moose, bear, elk,
beaver, mountain goats
Culture descriptions
Used cedar canoes to hunt
Fenced in salmon laying eggs
used cedar to make rope, mats and baskets
shell needles
used wedges, sledge hammers,
drills, and knifes to carve wooden masks
Clothing:
Cedar water proof clothing like capes with
decorative shell buttons
Shelter: lived near the coast
Cedar Long Houses with cedar bark roofs
8. California
Weather:
rainy winters
hot dry summers
Natural Resources:
ocean/coast
foothills
valley's
deserts
mountains
acorns, oak trees
grass, and plants
redwood trees
salmon/seafood/shellfish
deer, rabbits, ducks,
roots berries, pine nuts
Used Bows& arrows, snares, and nets, used cooking stones to heat acorn meal
tools from antlers
Clothing:grass/leather aprons and skirts
Shelter: Cone shaped made of redwood bark, pole, and reeds woven into mats
9. Great Basin
Weather:
little rain
hot during the day
cold at night
Natural Resources:
mostly dessert
low areas surrounded by
mountains at the edges
with valleys that had
seasonal lakes and streams
plants that need little water like
grasses, sagebrush, pinon trees,
at the outer edges pine trees, and willow
small animals rabbits, lizards,
grasshoppers, snakes
sometimes ducks , duck eggs during certain seasons
seeds,berries pine nuts, roots, cattail
Tools: water baskets sealed with tree sap
Floating duck decoys, nets, sharp sticks, flat baskets for catching seeds
Clothing: rabbit robes in winter
Shelter: Nomadic temporary cone shelters of willow, brush and reeds
10. Plateau
Weather:
long cold winters
comfortable summers
Natural Resources:
mountains with
dense forests in areas
flatter in the center with
drier grass lands
rivers
driftwood, mud, dirt,
grass and sage brush
fish, antelope, deer, seeds
onions, carrots, camas roots, salmon
Tools: woven baskets, willow digging sticks, wooden fishing platforms, nets, and spears for salmon
Clothing: antelope and deer hides leggings, dresses and skirts, woven hats, seed and shell designs
Shelter: near rivers, partly under ground out of driftwood, mud, sap, and reeds
11. Great Plains
Weather:
cold winters
hot summers
Natural Resources:
mountains surrounding edges
treeless grasslands in the center
east more water and softer soil
west drier dense grass
Buffalo and smaller animals
Tools: bow made of buffalo tendon, arrows, V shaped stone trap, fire, bone knives, shields,
Clothing: Buffalo robes and hides
Shelter: Houses called tipis
12. South West
Weather:
high temperatures
little rain
dry/arid
Natural Resources:
mountains, canyons
desserts, flat top mesas
rivers, little water
clay, brightly colored plants, cotton
corn, beans, squash, peppers, rabbits
Large thick walled houses made of bricks of adobe(sun baked clay). Up to 4 storiesand had hundreds of rooms.
Clothes were made of cotton that they grew. Using plants and minerals, they dyed the fabric
Lived near naturally flooded areas.Men dug irrigation ditches, and also built dams to hold summer rain.
Women spend most the day grinding corn kernels into cornmeal. They used clay pots to cook stews
13. Eastern Woodlands
Weather:
snowy winters , rain
Natural Resources:
rivers, ocean/coast
lots of lakes and streams
Forests, plants,
maple trees, elm,
deer, bears, beavers, birds, fish
corn, sunflowers, tobacco, vegetables,
nuts, berries
Long House:Sturdy, log-framed houses covered with elm bark, about 20 feet wide and over 100 feet long. Several related families live in sections of the house.
Skirts, capes, and moccasins were made out of deer skins.
Women ground corn with wooden sticks .
Men often paddled on the rivers and streams in log and bark canoes .They trapped beavers, hunted deer, bear, caught birds, and speared fish.
For farming land, men burnt small sections of trees and underbrush. Women did the hoeing and planting. They planted many different types of corn, beans and squash. Mademaple syrup and wooden storage canisters.
14. South East
Weather:
long warm humid summers
mild winters
Natural Resources:
rivers, ocean/coast
Fertile coastal plains
mountains,
swamps
Trees, clay, shells,
corn, beans, squash, pumpkins,
sunflowers, sweet potatoes
squirrels, rabbits, turkeys,
deer, alligators, turtles,
wild rice, persimmons
Houses were made from strips of young trees woven into a rectangular frame, then plastered with clay. These houses had pointed roofs made of leaves.
Towns included many mounds, first mounds were burial sights, but others were larger, and used as platforms for temples.It took many months, even years, to build these mounds, because they moved the dirt 1 basket full at a time.
Simple clothing was made of deer skin. Jewelry made of stones, shells, feathers, pearls, bones, and clay.
Women used hoes made of stone, shell or animal shoulder blades. Men hunted using small blow guns, and bows and arrows.