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TRANSCRIPT
Age of
Absolutism
September 2012
Vocabulary
Monarch- King or a Queen
Absolute Monarch- A political system in
which a country is ruled by a monarch,
who has absolute control.
Divine Right : The justification of
monarchy through the word of God -
monarchs used divine right to justify
their power
Answer the following:
How might having a king with total
power be a good thing? Explain your
answer
The Age of Absolutism
A period from 1648 to 1763 when European monarchs began to create powerful nations that placed unlimited power in the hands of the king and his/her advisors
The Rise of
Absolute Monarchs
What is an Absolute Monarch?
European kings had very little
power during the Middle Ages but
slowly gained power during the
Renaissance
Eventually, the kings in Spain,
France, Russia, Austria, & Prussia
had complete control over the
lords & commoners in their nation
Phillip II of Spain
Louis XIV of France
Peter & Catherine the Great of Russia
Maria Theresa of Austria
Frederick the Great of Prussia
How did kings go from having no power in the Middle Ages to becoming absolute
monarchs after the Renaissance?
Middle Ages (500-1300)
During the Middle Ages, Feudalism was very important:
–Feudalism divided society into clear classes (You’re either a poor peasant, a noble, or a monarch & there was little chance to move up)
–Feudalism provided order & protection for the common peasants
Middle Ages (500-1300)
In the Middle Ages, the Catholic
Church had unquestioned power
–Almost everyone was Catholic
in Europe so the pope served
almost like a king
–The church controlled peoples’
actions because church leaders
controlled access into heaven &
could excommunicate people
Renaissance (1300-1600)
But the Crusades, Black Death, &
100 Years War weakened the
power of feudal lords
In the Renaissance, kings gained
power & began to form strong
nations as trade increased, people
moved to cities, a new middle was
class formed, & mercantilism gave
wealthy kings lots of power
Wealth = Power
Protestant Reformation (1517-1550)
During the Reformation, critics
like Martin Luther, John Calvin, &
Henry VIII broke
from the
Catholic Church
This weakened
the power of
the church &
the Pope
Age of Absolutism (1648-1763)
When feudal lords & the pope lost
power, someone had to step up &
lead the people
People looked to their new
wealthy kings to create a sense of
order & act as figures of authority
As a result of this need, monarchs
were able gain almost absolute
(unlimited) power
Age of Absolutism (1648-1763)
Monarchs justified their right to
have absolute power by using the
idea of divine right—kings get
their powers from God, not the
people or a parliament
Age of Absolutism (1648-1763)
European kings were afraid one
nation would become too strong &
conquer the others; So they tried
to keep a balance of power
As a result, lots
of wars were
fought during
this time period Spain France