african american innovations in science & technology
TRANSCRIPT
AFRICAN AMERICAN
InnovationsIn
Science&
Technology
TIMBUKTU• 1500th and 1600th
Centuries
• African Intellectual Center famed for its
Law and Medical Universities
Ned ( Slave) : Cotton Cultivator
• 1800s Mississippi
. Persons of bondage not allowed patents
• Invention of farming equipment that could do work equal to four humans and four horses.
Benjamin Banneker, Mathematician
1731-1806 (Maryland)
1. Developed first clock in U. S.
2. Studied astronomy and developed an almanac.
3. 3. Appointed by President George Washington to create
layout out for Washington, D. C.
George Washington Carver,Botanist
1860-1943 (Missouri)
Former slave who became a world renown authority
on plant diseases.
Matthew Henson, Explorer
1866-1955 (Maryland)
First known human to reach the North Pole.
Garrett Morgan, Traffic Signal
• 1877-1963 (Kentucky)
• Inventions also included the gas masks used by both firemen and soldiers.
Madame C. J. Walker, Chemist
• 1867-1919 (Louisiana)
. First self-made woman millionaire.
. Revolutionized the hair care industry.
Lloyd A. Hall, Chemist
1894-1971 (Illinois)
Developed curing salts that revolutionized the processing and preserving of meats
and produce.
Ernest E. Just, Zoologist
1883-1940 (South Carolina)
Pioneered the study of cell life, human metabolism and egg fertilization.
Charles R. Drew, Biologist
1904-1950 (Washington, D.C.)
Introduction of BloodPlasma revolutionizedMedical profession.
Blood Bank’s Founder and first Director.
Dr. Louis T. Wright, Scientist
1891-1952 (Georgia)
Cancer and Clinical Antibiotic research
innovator.
Frederick M. Jones, Electronics
1892-1961(Ohio)
Invented the first automatic refrigeration system for trucks, ships and railroad cars
•
Dr. Percy Julian, Organic Chemist
1899-1975 (Alabama)
Synthesized both cortisone used in treating rheumatoid arthritis and the drug physostigmine
for treating glaucoma.
Dr. Samuel Kountz, Surgeon
1930-1981 (Arkansas)
Innovator of kidney
transplant machine
that preserves post donor kidneys for
up to fifty hours.
Ralph Gardner, Chemist
1922- (Ohio)
Researcher on the
Manhattan Project
resulting in the creation of the
Atomic Bomb.
Dr. Earl Shaw, Physicist
1937- (Mississippi)
Inventor of free electron laser used in study of chemical reactions, biological functions and
semiconductors.
Dr. George Carruthers, Astronomy
1940- (Chicago)
Developer of the lunar surface ultraviolet camera and spectrograph used on the moon by Apollo 16.
Dr. Mary Harris, Molecular Genetics
.Founder and CEO of Bio Technical Communications which specializes in the root causes of
health disparities.
Dr. Shirley A. Jackson, Physicist
. First woman to chair the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
‘ Current President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
John Thompson, Computer Scientist
- (New York)
Invented lingo programming used in Macromedia Director and Shockwave.
Dr. Mark Dean, Computer Scientist
1957- (Tennessee)
Led design team that
created the first
1-gigahertz processor chip.
Otis Boykin, Computer Engineer
1920-1983 ( Texas)
Invented the electrical resistor used in cardiac
pacemakers and
other electrical
devices.
Dr. Patricia Bath, Ophthalmologist
• Invented the “Laserphaco Probe”
• This device used for initial cataract surgery decreases
discomfort while increasing accuracy.
Dr. Paul Gilbert,RESEARCH CIVIL ENGINEER
.1944 – (Mississippi)
Selected among top 200 U. S. Scientists.
Civil Engineering Research Projects inRussia, England andHarvard University.
Dr. Ronald NcNair,Physicist & NASA Astronaut
1950 – 1986
(South Carolina/
NC A&T Graduate)
Nationally Renown in
field of Laser Physics
Final launch of Space
Shuttle Challenger
on 01-28-1986.
Credits
www.blackinventor.com
www.mathbuffalo.edu
Brodie, J. M. Brodie, J. M. Created Equal: Black American Created Equal: Black American
InnovatorsInnovators . New York: Quill, 1993 . New York: Quill, 1993
Haskins, J. Haskins, J. One More River To CrossOne More River To Cross . New . New York: Scholastic, 1992 York: Scholastic, 1992