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  • ADVERTISING RATES. Til · VOTARY PCBLIC A CONVEYANCER, OHlce In J. I Camon's Bank. l K EBUKillT..NOTARY PllILIC CON VEYANCER, No. 72 Main St., second lloor. A rent for the Kqitllnbie
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' f f ' !! ml) .1 I IT i ev tfft J -- rstsl nsrt1 s i i f ' i M e 0 rrl ! -- .cp- ADVERTISING RATES. nJT.IT AS, COLHArP CQ.X; . om tqot. ( " or ,l"" rB insertion 1 00 Bsel subsequent Insertion 0 ani Proprietors. " 'Balnea Cardi of five line ' less 'Stray notices, ach bead . . 00 V J 4 1 . 1 .7 Til s . - ' VI i ,. VII. 03c-NY- .7t XcPli ? ElscS, ay ?T.lr Elhth column, on year 3 00 BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. ""Xlfbth column, six months, f IS; three month 10 00 Tont-t- column, one year X) 00 Terms, in Adr&ac : "rourth column, six months, H; three months IS 00 One copy, one year J 9 TIalf column, one year One Six mnntha. . . Copy, J lltalf column, six monts,f3Q; thret rrtofrths...... 31 00 ti 'One column, one year . 80 00 One eolutnn.slx months, f; three montlis 30 00 JO IT MJIKXXT-iO- ; i fjTAll In advance, transclent advertisements mart be paid for ESTABLISHED 1856. BROWNVILLE, NEBKASKA; THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17, ,1870. VOL. 14.--N0. 18. Of rates all kinds, done on short notice and at reason-b- le BtntntI iinsincss (fatfcs.' ATTORNEYS. -- O. B. BIWtTT. 1. W. JTEWJIA. IIEWETT fe NEWMAN, ATTORNEY V COUNSELORS AT LAW, Office, No. "0, McPherson Block, np stairs. FRENCH, W. T. aOMKRS. FREX CII A KOC.ERS, ATTORNEYS & COIXXELORS AT UW. Office In Cotirt House Building. Will clve diligent attention to any Iftil biwlneea nlru.ntdtolhirciire. 4- -t f J JOB A. PILIXJN. ITTOnSKT . COl'KIELUR AT LAW sad General Land Afsent, Xecumneh, Johnnon County, Nvhmnka. " " J. N. REYNOLDS, 1TTORKET . COUNSELOR AT LA1V, Office No. 90, Reynolds Hotel. THOMAS A BROADY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW AND SOLICITORS IN CHANCERY, OFFirE Plstrlct Court Room. vrx. ir. Mclennan, ATTORNEV AND COUNSELOR, AT IJIW, Nebraska Llty, Nebraska. B. E. FEUKINS, ATTORNEY AND COUNSKLOR AT IAY, Tecumseh, Joliason Otunty, Neb. " " N'YK A aTTOaNKVS Jk tOl'NSELORS AT LAW, . Pawnee City, Iawnee Co., Neb. N. K. OUIOOS, ATTORNEY AT LAW AND LAND AGENT, Beatrice, Oaire County, Nebraska, piitsicians. ilVimbeulin. m.1. yiiysiciaiv and surgeon to neb. EYE ANI KAK IXKlltMAKV. Offk a S XalD-s- OrricK Hocrs 7 a.m. to r.n. II. C THURMAN, PHYSICIAN ANO Sl'UOEO.1. Ofllce-N- o. 85 Mln Street, Office hours from 7 to 11 a. m. and 1 to 4 p. m. H. I MATHEWS, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Ofn-- e In City Irue Store, Maln-st- . - C. F. STEWART, M. D., JKYSICIAN AND SURGEON, Dfflce In D. IL Lewis A Co.'s Drug Store. Office hours from 7t a. m and 1 to 1 and 6' to T p. m. LAND AGENTS. ii. v. HU(Jiir.s, KEAL ESTATE AGENT Al NOTARY PUBLIC. OfZ9 Ter Ilannaferd A lie Fall's Furniture store. WM. IL, HOOVER, KEAL ESTATE &. TAX PAYING AGENT. OfCce In District Court IUwwju Will rWe prompt attontirm to the saie of Real Ea-- Umu Payment of Taxes throughout the .N.iusiit Xaaa DuirlcL JONAH HACKER, : 'LAID AND TAX PAYING AGENT. t Office srith Probate Judge. TT1U attend to tfie Payment of Taies forXon-lleside- nt 1 jind wnen In emalia (Vuaty. tOrrm-pDiln- e solicited. NOTARIES. jls. C. McNAUGHTONr VOTARY PCBLIC A CONVEYANCER, OHlce In J. I Camon's Bank. l K EBUKillT. .NOTARY PllILIC CON VEYANCER, No. 72 Main St., second lloor. A rent for the Kqitllnbie and American Tontine JJfe Insurance Compac left. DRUGSTORES. McCRKEUY A MICK. ELL. DEALKUS IN ftUXGS, STATIONERY,. Fall assortment Urugs, J'aints, Rooks, Stationer', k.,oo nana, ana win ai a iioh.smm or reuui. I). II. LEWIS t CO., nvccKmnn to hsllahaV ext. DEALERS IN DRI sVS, X KWK INKS A-- . No. 41 Main-st- . GRAIN DEALERS. EVAN WORTHING, JTORW ARDING AND COMMISSION MERCHANT, Acd dealer in all kinds of Ciraln and Country 3re4uce, Brewnvllle, Nebnuxka. CJEO. ti. START & BRO., DEALERS IN GRAIN, PRODUCE, Ac A spin all, Nebraska. The highest market price paid for anything the farmer can raise. We will uy tat sell everything feaown la the market. MERCHANDISE. McPHERsON A TITTTLE, DEALERS I. GENERAL MERCHANDISE Ko. 68, MoPberson lilork. F. E. JOHNSON A CO. 'EALERS INGENERAL MEKCUANJJISE No. 72 Maln-t.- . McPherson Block, WM. T. DEN. SEALER IN GENERAL MP.RCIIAXDISE, Vrwrdla: n Mrrrkamt, So. 82 Msin-ft- ., Brownville, TomTlanters. Plows. Stows, Fwtiltniv. s en band. H igitest market price paK for Hides, felts. Furs, aa Country Produce. HARDWARE. ' 811 ELLEN BERG ER BRO'S., DEALERIIX HARDWARE, STOVES. No. 74 Main-st- . - Ktosres. TTard ware, Carper"s Tool s, Riaotsmf.h Furnishings, Ac, constantly oa liand JOHN C, DEUSER, DEALER IN STOVES, TINWARE, Ae. No. 79 Main-s- t. SADDLERY. ' JOJLN W, MIDDLETOX, HARNESS, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Et. No. M Main-st- . ' Whips and Lashes of every description, and Plsv arlngiialr, katon hand. Cash paid for Hides. J. II. BATJER, UARXEIa, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Etc y. t Mala-s- t. MenClng done to order. Satisfaction guaranteed. CONFECTIONERIES. . ISRAEL a NACE, CITT BAKERY AND CONFECTIONERY. No, 11 Main -- at., opposite City Drug Store. , Pies, Cakes. Fresh Bread, Ctmfeotkwery, Light and fancy Groceries, constantly on hand. ' , WILLIAM BOSS ELL, CONFECTIONERY AND TOY STORE, No, 40 Olain-s- C Fresh Bread, Cakes, Uystera. Frulta, ec.on hand. J. P. DEUSER, DEALER IN CONFECTIONERIES, Ac No. 44 Main-st- . . irusic. MRS. J. M. GRAHAM. TEACHER OP" MUSIC. ' Rooms, Main-st- , bet. 4th and 5th, Lsons given on the Piano, Organ, Melodeon. Outiar and Vocalisation. Having had eight years ' eipertenoeas teacher of Music to New Yorkiscua-Bde- nt of giving satisfaction. BOUNTY CLADI AGENTS. ED. P. SMITH, U. 8. WAR CLAIM AGENT, Wasiangton City, D. C trill attend to the prosecution of claims before the Jeoartment In person, for Additional Bounty, Back fa? and Pensions, and all claims accruing against las Sovernnient during the late war. - SALOONS. JOSF.ril HUDDARD A CO.. . PEACE AND QUIET SALOON. No. 47 Main-- . The best Wines and IJquors kept on hand. R. C BERGER, ALII AMUR A BILLIARD SALOON, No. 48. Whltner's Block. The best Wines and Lhracws constantly on hand tutval business arbs. HOTEES. STAR HOTEL. STEVENSON & CROSS, PROPRIETORS. FrOnt-s- t, between Main and Atlantic This Jlonft hn just been rPmodpled, Inside an4 out. Ktaire Offlce for all points West. Omnibuses to all trains. REYNOLDS HOUSE. . NATHAN K. GRFEN.ritOFRIETOR, 88 & 90 Main Street, flrowrif llli Bet accommodations In the city. Netr House, newly furnished. In the heart of business part oi city. Livery stable convenient. 45-S- AMERICAN HOUSE. L. D. ROBISON, PROPRIETOR. Front-st.- , bet. Main and Water. A jrood Feed and Livery Stable in connection with the House. BOOTS AND SHOES. A. ROBINSON, BOOT AND SHOE MAKER, . No. 68 Maifi-s- t. Has constantly on hand a (rood assortment of t.ent s, IHdies, Misses' sna tTilldreii s Boots and Shoes. Custom work done with neatness and dis- patch. Repairing done on short notice. JUSTICES. A. W. MORGAN. PROBATE JUDGE AND JUSTICE OP THE PEACE. Office In Court House Building. STATIONERY. A. D. MARSH, PIONEER BOOK AND NEWS DEALER, City Book Store, No. 50 Main-s- t. BRIDGE BUILDING. C. W. WHEELER, BRIDGE BUILDER A. CONTRACTOR. Brownville, Nebraska. Sole aent for R. W. Smith's Patent Truss Brldire. The strongest aikd best wooden bridge now in use. TAILORING.. CHRIS. IIAUBOLDT, MERCHANT TAILOR, No. 62 Main-s- t. Has on band a splendid stock of Goods, and will make them up In tike latest styles, on short notice and reasonable terms. BLACKSMITHS. J. W. & J. C. GIBSON, BLACKSMITHS A HORSE SHOERS. Flrst-sU- , bet. Main and Atlantic, All work done to order and satisfaction (niarnnteed. CIgrar Making by Machinory. The American Cigar Machine Com- pany recently gave a practical exhibi- tion of the machines patented by them for the manufacture of cigars. These machines bid fair to work a revolution in cigar making, not only because of the reduced cost of production, but also on account of the fact that cigars so made can be sold for ten dollars a thousand less than cigars made by hand. The company has thirty ma chines in operation, driven by a small caloric engine. The machines are simple, and can be worked by chil dren. 1 he wrappers are hrst cut from the pure leaf by :i machine. A hun- dred leaves are placed in a pile, held in place by clamp, when four knives; in the shape of an oblong square de- scend and cut out the wrappers. The cigar-makin- g machines consist of re- volving rollers, covered by a cap. The "filleru" having been wrapped up in the rough by hand, are placed within the machine, and in a few seconds the cigar is sufficiently rolled and fash- ioned at one end to receive the wrap- per, which is fed into the machine, the operator having previously gum- med the ends. The cigar is then taken out, neuth' and expeditiously made. All that remains to be done is to trim one end. A girl can produce 2,000 cigars a day by these machines, and can easily earn from ten to fifteen dollars per week. a a Snnllght A Necessity. Sun baths cost nothing, and nre the most re- freshing life-givin- g bath9 that one can take, whether sick or well. Every housekeeper knows the neces- sity of giving her woolens the benefit of the sun, from time to time, and especially after a long rainy season, or a long absence of the sun. Manv will think of the injury their clothes are liable to, from dampness, who will never reliect that an occasional exposure of their own bodies to the sunlight is equals necessary to their own health. The sun-bat- hs cost nothing, ami that is a misfortune, for people are still deluded with the idea that those things only can be good or useful which cost money. Let it not be fergwtten threeof (iod's most bene ficent gifts to man three things the most necessary to good health sun- light, fresh ir and water, are free to sli ; you can huve them in abundance, without mcmey and without price, if vou If you would enjoy good neaHh, then sec to it that you are sup- plied with pure air to breathe all the time; that you bathe for an hour or so in the sunlight; and that you auench your thirst with no other wlcT.Jfrttrnal of Health. Covering the lungs. One of the most important things to be consider- ed in the dress is the careful covering of th clx?st and Iwick. Exposing the lungs by inadequate shielding of these portions of the bodv from the cold is too generally practiced, especially by the ladies. To cover the chest is not enough. There should be a thick cov- ering between the shoulders. Iu his lecture in New York on "How to Escape Hell," Oliver Dyer remarked that "a man goes to hell simply because he belongs there. In the eternal world they always have the right man in the right place. This business of going to heaven or hell is purely a philosophical matter, and there are no rewards r penalties in the case, but only logical se quences They have secured anew anesthetic in France, to supersede chloriform and Its various substitutes." It is a chem- ical compound, and is called "choral." It is not inhaled, but swallowed, when it produces a perfect insensibility without any dangerous accompania-ment- s. This is, in surgical practice, a discovery of the utmost importance. A three-ye- ar old gentleman the other day startled his father, who came into the parlor, which was filled with company, just after having had a very gray moustache dyed intensely black, by asking him what he had done with his old whiskers, and where he got his new ones. Mr. G. was a most inveterate puns- ter. Lying very ill of the cholera, his nurse proposed to prepare a young, tender chicken. "Hadn't you better take an old hen ?" said he in a low whisper, he was not able to speak aloud, "for she would be more ant to lay on my stomach." G. fell back exhausted and the nurse fainted. . ADMISSION OF VIRGINIA. SPEECH OF nON. JOHN M. THAYER, OF NEBRASKA, la the Se&ate of tie U, R., Jaatary 17 gad 13. The rVnftte havlne onder consideration the bill (II. R. No. TtUj to adroit the State of Virginia to representation in the Congress of the Unltod blates Mr. THAYER said : Mr. President.: It Is difficult for me to believe that the Senator from Nevada who has charge of this bill Mr. Stewart is anxious to bring it to a vote. He has on several occasions entreated the Senate to pass it, and then when we were about to vote on important amendments pending he has interposed a speech, and when we were coming to a vote, according to agreement, then again he has sub- stituted the House bill and interposed another speech. By doing that he Is drawing a speech from me which I should not have made. The very tenor of the remarks of the Senator from Nevada evinced to my mind the extreme distrust which he entertains of the State of Virginia after this bill shall pass, if that is to be the decision of Congress. He want? the finishing stroke put upon the rat- ification of the fifteenth amendment within a week. Why have he and other Senators urged the Governor of Nebraska, who happens to be sitting in the Chamber, to convene the Legis- lature of that State within ten days from to-d- ay in order that she may ratify it? Why this urgent haste? Because they fear, and almost, I would say, believe that Virginia will attempt to undo the ratification of the fifteenth amendment, that Virginia may trample under foot the laws of Congress which have been passed for the protection of the loyal people of Virginia.- - The Lecistature of Nebraska I can say, and I do by authority, will be convened during the month of Feb- ruary, and that she will ratify the fif- teenth amendment is beyond a doubt ; for there is but one Democratic State Senator in the Senate and but four Democratic members in the House. That is the way we make Republican States in the West. I need hardly recall the attention of the Senate to the fact that Nebraska applied here for admission, and that conditions were imposed upon her to the effect that there should be univer- sal suffrage in the State of Nebraska. We did not regard it as a degradation upon that State, but accepted the con- dition in good faith. I do not propose to vote for the admission of Virginia upon the naked bill of the House of Representatives after having submit- ted to the imposition of conditions upon the State of Nebraska. How is it that the Congress of the United States, after three years more of pro- gress, can now propose to- - admit this State without conditions or guaran- tees? Mother of States, was she! One of the mothers of secession and treason; for the abominable monster of treason required more than one mother. She with her record red with human blood, is now to pas3 through Congress without a condition and without a guarantee. Why is this? I have heard the question asked repeatedly during ihe progress of this debate, why is it that condi- tions were required or a loyal people when assuming the obligations of statehood and which arc not required of a State which swung from her moorings in the Union, joined the southern confederacy, raided armies, and fought through four years to de- stroy the Union ? This bill has been pushed forward with most extraordinary energy most extraordinary determination, and with most unprecedented haste. Vir- ginia has been eight years out of the Union. Where is the extreme neces- sity for the haste which has been manifested in pressing forward this bill ? Not a day nor an hour could be given for investigation, for examina- tion into the allegations which were made here by citizens of Virginia over their own signatures. I know not who they are nor what they are ; but the memorial came in a form which entitled it to respect and considera- tion. Not an hour could be given, and they, professing to be the loyal people of Virginia, were met in the Senate of the United States with con- tumely, denunciatiai, and abuse from Republican Senators. I know not what illusion may have come upon honorable Senators; whether they are at fault or whether I am at fault and those who vote with me; whether I am laboring under a delusion or are thev : but I do say that these scenes are most extraordinary. .We have heard denunciations in this Chamber from Senators which have created a feeling of surprise. We had been ac- customed to hear such denunciations during the last three years from Sen- ators of an opposite political faith ou this floor; but during the progress of this debate those Senators have been silent; others have done their work; others have fought their battle. Now, Mr. President, let me call your attention to another fact. More than one. two, three, four, or half a dozen, or a dozen Senators who favor the passage of the bill for the admis- sion of Virginia have frankly confess- ed that they do it with extreme reluc- tance and extreme distrust. Thc3 frankly admit that they fear the con- sequences; that they fear Congress will within a twelvemonth be called upon to take action in regard to Virgi- nia for the violation of the conditions of her admission or the violation of the fifteenth amendment. Seeingthe danger, they rush madly . on ; seeing the blunder, they make haste to re- peat it. A vessel strikes upon a sun- ken rock and sinks beneath the waves; the master of another in full view on all steam, crowds all sail' and Suls his ship upon the same sunken rock and sinks beneath the waves. Where is the prudence, the common judgment, which would influence Senators in the ordinary affairs of life, that, confessing the danger, this bill is thus pushed torward through the two Houses of Congress? Where is the statesmanship of this policy? I read in the public prints that on the annoucement of the vote in the other House on the passage of the bill admitting Virginia it was recieved with rapturous applause. It recalled to ray mind the fact that on the pas- sage of the ordinance of secession there was one shout of joy that went up through all Virginia at the sever- ance of her relations with the Union. The measure may meet with the same applause In this Chamber if it is to go through; but I call to mind the fact that there are thousands and thous- ands of men and women in Virginia whose hearts to-d- ay are full of the gravest apprehensions at the gloomy prospect that is before them. There are tnnusands and hundreds of thous- ands of people in th State of Virgi- nia, every sentiment of whose soul has beat iu unison with love for their country since that ordinance of seces sion passed until this hour, who dread the passage in Its present form of the bill to restore Virginia to the Union ; and yet their appeal In this Chambef is met with ridicule snd derisiom I question no Senator's motives I concede to everv one the same sincer ity of purpose, the same honesty of intention wnieii uiauii lur iiijrscn, but I must be permitted to say that after the experience of the past eight years, after the experience of the past three years in the work of reconstruc- tion, I have been amazed at what has transpired in Congress during the last week, and I am amazed at the exceeding hot haste with which Sen- ators have attempted to crowd this measure through Congress. There is another feature of this de- bate to which I desire to call atten- tion and which has been exceedingly interesting to me. I have remarked that a portion of the members of this body, those who belong to the op- posite political faith, have remained entirely silent. I could not but no- tice the satisfaction which seemed to settle upon their countenances as this debate progressed. They seem to be as serene and composed as a summer's morning ; or, to be still more poetic, as calm and unruffled as the waters of a moon-li- t lake. There has been nothing except an incidental allusion to the record of the Democratic party to call forth the impetuous eloquence of my honorable friend from Delaware, Mr. Saulsbury; nothing to invite constitutional dissertations from" my honorable friend from Kentuky. Mr. Davis; nothing to invite a speech from any Democratic Senator till to- day. I wish to call attention to the fact, within the remembrance of very Senator, that from the day when the first reconstruction bill passed Con- gress down to the 1st day of January, 1870, whenever a measure came up touching reconstruction in the south- ern States this Chamber.has run with the denunciations of Democratic Senators against the usurpations and violations of the Constitution which the Republican were perpetrating. They have argued from first to last that no State was ever out of the Union when she had once been in ; and in every Democratic convention, from the national convention down to a county convention, in all the States it has been set forth that no State was out of the Union. What do we see to-da- y ? This same Democratic party voting a State into the Union which has never been out. My honorable friends from Kentucky, from Dele-war- e, from California, and from Ohio, and others are now all committed to the admission of a State Into the Union which according to their own declarations from year to .year has never been out of the Union. Mr. President,' the world moves. The Democratic party have come up to the doctrine of reconstruction and have indorsed it. They are now committed to the provisions of our reconstruction laws, for they are voting unitedly in favor of the aum ssion ot Virginia. 1 congratulate them Mr. SAULSliUKY. Will the Sen ator allow me to ask him a question ? Mr. TIIAYKK. Yes sir. Mr. SAULSBURY. Does the Sen- - antor understand the bill now before the body as admitting Virginia into the Union or simply declaring that Virginia is entitled to representation in Congress; Mr. THAYFR. Has she been en- titled to it before? Mr. SAULSBURY. I asked you a question. ... - h.ww a "St W A .1 Mr. A 11 A l I'jii. x unaerstanu very well the purport of the bill which is now under discussion. It is restoring Virginia to representation In the Union. Now, I ask my friend from Delaware if she has never been de- prived of it? Mr. SAULSBURY. Never at any time that she chose to avail herself of it. Mr. THAYER. The honorable Senator admits the correctness of my position. He is now voting a State to be entitled to representation of which she lias been deprived. Mr. SAULSBURY. No ; I say she never has been deprived unless she chose voluntarily to deny herself the privilege; she ahvavs had the right. Mr. THAYER. The Senator from Deleware, then, claims that Virginia has been entitled to representation from the time she seceded until now; that she was entitled to vote for presi dential electors in 18C4, according to his own reasoning, though waging a flagrant war against the Government. He must take one conclusion or the other. If he is now voting her to be entitled to representation, then she has been deprived of it: if he is now voting'her back into the Union, then she has been out of the Union. The honorable Senator from Dela- ware Mr. Saulsbcry thought pro- per to present a vindication, as did also the honorable Senator from Cali- fornia, Mr. Casserly, of the record of the Democratic party. I have heard before during this session simi- lar references to the Democratic party. I have noticed the taunt thrown out before to-da- y duilng this session that the Republican party were responsi- ble for the debt which accrued in the suppression of the rebellion. Sena- tors may yet come to claim that the Democratic party was the party which suppressed the rebellion, and that the Republican party was the party which inaugurated treason. It is said that history repeats itself. According to what fs transpiring to-d- ay it would seem as if history was reversing itself. Sir, let me call attention and I shall occupy but a few moments of the time of the Senate on this point to the record of the Democatic party. Let me ask the honorable Senator from Deleware what party had pos- session of the Government for thirty years prior to the inauguration of the rebellion? It was the Democratic party. That party had directed and shaped the policy of the couutry, and was in possession of the Government when the war commenced. It had possession of the executive, legisla- tive, and judicial departments of the Government. It was under the poli- cy of the Democratic party that the wnr commenced. It was by the teachings and the doetrines of the Democratic party that the South were taught to rebel. It was the Demo- cratic party which broke faith with the nationin repealing the Missouri compromise which had been a sacred compact for thirty years between slavery and freedom. That great compact, which consecrated forever to human freedom all the territory north of the line of 3G 30, the Democratic party violated or set aside at the de- mand of the slave-maste- rs of the South in order to force slavery on the free soil of Kansas. Such is the record of history. It was by a series of aggressions and outrages on the part of the Dem- ocratic party that the Republican party was called into being, founded on the great principle that all the ter ritory of the United States was free and that slavery Iras only a sectional institution. It was by the teachings and by the doetri nes that were pro- claimed by the leaders of the Demo- cratic party that war came. What Republican ever raised his hand against the flag of his country ? What Republican who voted for Mr. Lin- coln ever aided in planning treason and rebellion? Whodidit but the leaders of the Democratic party in this Chamber and in the other Hall, who sat in their seats making laws for the United States during the day and then met in secret conclave all through the winter of 1SG0-6- 1 hatch- ing treason? Tell ir.c not that the Republican party brought on the war and are responsible, for the national debt. Sir, when the war came, had the Democratic party of the North been true to the Government, it would not have -- lasted six months. Having taught the South to rebel, as the northern Democracy did, by telling the : South : that they of the North would stand by them and sustain them, when the war went on it was the aid and encouragement given by the northern Democracy to the South that prolonged the war year after year. ; I make not this accusation against all the Democratic party. That there were loyal men in it I gladly admit; but I speak of it as an organization. It was disloyal from the begiunig to the end of the war. When that convention met in the city of Chicago and declared the war a failure, and demanded a cessation of hostilities in order that peace might be made with the rebels in arms, that resolution was equal to an addition of one hundred thousand men, fresh re- cruits, to the rebel lines, and a cor- responding draft was made upon the industry and the bone and the 6inew, and the life of the North to carry on the struggle thus made the more des- perate by the aid thus given to the rebels by their allies of the North. The soldier of the Union never went into battle without feeling conscious that he was fighting two armies, . the rebels in the front and the northern Democracy in the rear. Sir, it is not pleasant to review these facts of history. I should not have done it but for the dcclaiations made by the honorable Senators from Dela- ware and California that we have brought upon the country the war, and that we created this immense debt. Sir, it was a Democratic rebel- lion' and this is a Democratic debt, the legitimate offspring of Democratic rule and Democratic teaching, and as such history will Write down as the facts, in my judgment, because they cannot be denied. Now, in reference to the bill before the Senate let me remark that I am not prepared to vote for the admis- sion of Virginia with her present sur- roundings and in her present condi- tion because I have not confidence that she will be true to the amend ments of the Constitution of the Uni- ted States which she has ratified, and because I am compelled to believe by concurrent testimony that there will not be protection for the 103'al people of Virginia. Therefore I prefer if I err to err on the safe side, to hold her back until we have sufficient guaran- tees guarantees which shall not be patchwork, which shall not be like heaps of sand, to be blown to the winds. I want those guarantees un- der which ail the people of Virginia, Democrats and Republicans, white and black, who obey the laws shall enjoy the equal protection of the laws. When I am satisfied that such condi- tion of things exists in Virginia then I am ready to vote for her admission, but not until then. The honorable Senator from Neva- da, Mr. Nye, who has always been so true to the cause of reconstruction and to the cause of freedom, made some remarks the other day which fell upon my ears causing sincere regret on my part. I regretted to find the shaft of his severe sarcasm turned against those who thought it proper to send here a respectful remonstrance against the admission of Virginia. I regretted to hear hm say that Virgin- ia, oppressed Virginia, long-sufferi- ng Virginia, her very locks wet with the dews of the night Mr. STEWART. I never could have said any pretty things of that sort. Laughter. Mr. THAYER. I am aware of that. My friend from Nevada is not so poet- ical as his colleague. He must not imagiue that he gives utterance to all the pretty things that come from the State of Nevada. Laughter. He Mr. Nye described with af- fecting pathos the hardships inflicted upon this long-sufferin- g, patiently-waitin- g State of Viginia! She has waited till her very locks arc wet with the dews of the night! Sir, let me say to that honorable Senator, whose impulses and whose intentions are just that there are peo- ple in Virginia to-da- y who are tired of waiting, waiting, waiting for that protection-whie- this great Govern- ment of the United States has vouch- safed to every citizen who respects its authorities and obeys its commands. They have waited in vain, and they wait to-da- y for those guarantees and for those assurances of equal protec- tion, which he and I enjoy ; and In my opinion if this bill passes they will wait in vain, and you will see hundreds and thousands of them leav- ing Virginia, as I have seen some within the the last three months, and seeking homes in Indianaand Illinois and seeking that protection of the law which they cannot find in Virginia. The Senator from Nevada also re- marked that he was tired of this wo k of reconstruction. I am not tired of the work of reconstruction, but I am tired of being beaten in the work of reconstruction by those who could not beat us in the field. Sir, we have struggled with the iebellion from the very day that Andrew John- son betrayed his party and his coun- try ; we have been struggling with the rebellion in trying to carry out reconstruction during the host three years, and were struggling with it to- day, in some of the late insurgent States: Senators have told us that we must not judge Virginia by Georgia or Tennessee. I say it is proper and reasonable to judge of irginia by what has taken place in Georgia ami Tennessee. It is proper for us to avail ourselves of all the lights of experi- ence, of all the facts in all the lately insurgent States which bear upon the question. If Georgia has trampled fourteenth amendment under foot, it is but reasonable to infer that the same elements may accomplish the same results in other States. Mr. President, I embarked in this work of reconstruction with the de- termination to make it permanent. It was the the declared will of the American people, speaking at the ballot; box and through Congres, that the reconstruction laws should be ex- ecuted for the salvation of the nation and for the guarantee of equal right", and the malntainance of the peace throughout the revolted States. For one I propose not to yield until the battle is fully fought and the victory fully won. For one I propose to fight It out on this line if it takes us all summer and all winter, and each suc- ceeding summer and winter till the Union is fully triumphant, and the rebellion completely conquerred. Mr. THAYER here yielded to a motion to adjourn. r : : i . Tuesday Jsonary IS, 1S70. The.Senate having under consideration the same subject Mr. THAYER. Mr. President, I shall not occupy much of the time of the Senate this morning; in fact I had nearly concluded theremarks I in- tended to make yesterday, when my friend from Minnesota, Mr. Ram- sey, desired me to yield the floor for a motion to adjourn. The hour being so late, and recollecting that Senator had with great uniformity, voted againstall motions to adjourn, I felt boundto oblige him. Laugh- ter. On Friday an understanding was entered into by which it was agreed that a Senate judiciary bill for the ad- mission of Virginia should be reached yesterday at four o'clock. All assen- ted to that arrangement, and suppos- ed from the extrrordina ry haste with which the bill was being pressed, and the zeal that had been manifested by its friends, and the anxiety they have shown for an early vote, that we should have reached "it yesterday. To our surprise, however, a motion was interposed to lay that bill aside, and substitute the House bill, and the spectacle was presented of my friend from Nevada, representing the Judi- ciary Committee and having this bill in charge, throwing aside his own off- spring? and adopting that of another. I can inform him that this child of his adoption is launched upon a stormy sea, and has the prospect of a roueh passage. Why the bill of the Senate Which has been under discussion for a week, and for a vote on which a time had been agreed upon, should be thus summarily thrust aside, I can only divine. An amendment had been made to it which, in the judgement of some who are anxious to have some security from Virginia, might accom- plish the purpose which they had in view. But, sir, that is trampled uhder foot, for fear it might prevail, and the bill of the House, naked and simple, is pressed upon the Senate. I would sugest to those who are anxious thus to bring Virginia back without condi- tions and without guarantees to cast that bill aside and to introduce anoth- er which shall declare that whereas the Congress of the United States has been guilty of oppression and of wrong and of outrage upon Virginia, the grand old mother of States, and of Presidents, the noble Old Dominion. the school wherein were taught for so many long years the sacred doctrines of the sublime resolutions of 17(J3. and beneath Whose soil sleep the bones of so many of our heroic dead who per ished in saving the Government which Virginia was attempting to destroy, therefore we invite her to favor us with the light of her restored wisdom and to send up her Senators and Rep- resentatives, promising that they shall be admitted at once, and to the chief-e- st places in both Houses of Congress, anil declare to her that we express our heartfelt regret for the treatment she has received at our hands ! In that way you will reach more directly the end to which, it seems to me, you are now tending by the legislation which is pressed upon Congress. Sir, less than twenty daj's ago Con- gress enacted a law remanding Geor- gia to her former provisional condition. Why? Because the members of the Legislature of Georgia had refused to take the oath prescribed by the recon- struction laws, and because a portion of the members of the Legislature were disqualified from holding office under the third section of the four- teenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States; and further be- cause a portion of the members lagally elected were ousted anil their places filled by those illegally elected. To- day you are forcing Virginia into the Unioi , and j'ou refuse to prescribe the same conditions to her that you pre scribed to Georgia. Why is this dif-farenc- e? Does Virginia present her- self with a purer record than Georgia ? If Georgia had her Andersonville, Virginia had her Belle Islenhd Libby. If the voice of oppressed loyal people Georgia came up to the Halls of Con- gress demanding that protection which you have guaranteed to all who obey the law, the same voice has come up from the plains, the vallej-s- , and the mountains of Virginia, de- manding the interposition of Federal power to give to her loyal people that same protection of Government and of law. With one hand we remanded Georgia to military power, for violat- ed conditions ; with the other you re-- 1 store Virginia without conditions! Honorable gentlemen may have an explanation, but of its wisdom the fu- ture will determine. It will be recollected that in the act that was passed declaring certain of the lately insurgent States restored to the Union, certain conditions were prescribed. I refer io the act of June 25, 1808, wherein it is expressly declar- ed as follows: 'That each of the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, CJf rgla, Louisiana, Ahilrfinin. and Florida shall le entitled and admitted to ion In Cmnrre :w rt State in the Union when tho Legislature of Haht State shall have duly ratified the amendment of the Constitution of the United States pro- posed by the Thirty-Nint- h CongreKH end known a article fourteen, upon the follow- ing fundamental conditions: That the con- stitution of neither of the aald Slate shall never he so amended or change! as todeprlve any citizen or class of citizens of the United States of tlieriuht to vote In said State, Who are entitled to vote by the const ituloin there- of herein recognized, except as a punishment lor crime,' Ac. The Congress of the United States expressly declared thatthe Ligislature of those Statesshould ratify at.d agree and pledge their sacred honor to that fundamental condition, that the rigiit of suffrage should never be abridged taken away from any portion of their citizens who were entitled to a vote; except for crime. Why, I ask the Senator from Nevada and those who are acting with him, do u refuse now, two years later, to apply the same condition and require the-sam- e pledge from Virginia? What has she lone to entitle her to this immunity? What will be the inference to be drawn by Virginia on the refusal of Congress to require this same pledge? it must inevitably be that she may do With impunity that whichvou requir- ed Georgia to pledge herseli she would not do, hecam'e you do not require the same pledge from. Virginia; and, judging from the past we have abun- dant reason for not believing that she will make nse of the privilege that we thus give to her. Now, Mr. President, let me refer to the statement which has been repeat- edly made in this Chamber, that we have committed ourselves to the recep- tion of Virgi nia back into the Union by our previous legislation. That sta ;ement or charge has been iterated and reiterated again, and again, and yet not a Senator has pointed to one sin gle line in these acts of reconstruc- tion, which committed us to the ad-m- h sion or the restoration of Virginia when she might appiy. Section six, of the act of March 2, 18G7, provides: "That until the people of the said rebel State shall be by law admitted to represen- tation to the Consressol the" United stated, any evil government which may exist there- in snail be deemed provisional only, and In all respect subject to the paramount author- ity of the United States at any time to abol- ish, modify, control or supersede the same." The act of April 10, 1SG9 has this fur'her provision on this subject in reference to Virginia, Mississippi and Te::as : "And hr it further enacted. That the whole proeedInss In any of said States Khali not be deemed final or oerntc mi a Complete res- toration thereof until their action respective- ly s!iall be approved by Congress," Can language be any plainer than that? I challenge my frind from Ne- vada, or any other Senator who has made this statement to show one line or c ne word in these acts which bind us to the unconditional restoration of Virginia. On the contrary the sec- tion which I have just read expressly admits and places it in the power of Cot gress to review and revise the ac- tion of Virginia, and we are not in any particular committed to receive her on her application. So much for the violated pledges and violated faith. But, sir, in admitting Virginia to- day there is a violated pledge and there is violated faith. We have solemnly promised to the faithful people of Virginia that they shall have the equal pro action of the law and the blessings of jrood government. I appeal to ev- ery Republican Senator in this pres- ence to-d-ay if he is sure he is making thai pledge good to that oppressed people? No sir the declarations of too many of those who avow themselves in favor of the passage of the bill show what universal distrust there Is in regard to this legislation ; and yet we are ordered to put it right through without let or hinderance. We are urgsd to turn the true people of Vir- gin '.a over to the rule of those who still love treason and hate the Union. Mr. President, you and I and all others holding positions of honor and trus t under the authority tend Govern- ment of the United States are requir- ed to subscribe to a certain oath, some- times called the iron-cla- d oath, the oath of of 1862. The legislature of Virginia met in a provisional capacity. Cot Id its members be required to take an oath less binding and less restric- tive than we? They met as members of the Legislature of Virginia under the authority of laws of Congress as a pro visional body. How can they es-ca- pa that oath which Is required of all wiohold office under the authority of the Government of the United States? Thtre ss a statutory authority for the position which I am presenting, for the concluding portion of section six. of the act of March 2, 1807, and act to pro fide for the more efficient govern merit of the rebel States, is as follows : "And no person shall be eligible to any of- fice under s such provisional governments who would be disqualified from holding offlce under the provisions of the third section of said Constitutional Amendment. If that oath is not applied to the members of the Virginia Legislature, how, pray, are you to ascertain wheth- er they are disqualified under the third section of the fourteenth amend ment? Sir.it was the spirit and in tent, expressed and implied, running all through the reconstruction enact ments, that the oath should be requl red, which would purge the Legisla ture of those who are disqualified. How does Congress know whether there are or are not members in that Legislature who are disqualified by the provision to which I have referred ? Did Congress intend to perpetrate the farce of passing a constitutional amendment which should disqualify certain persons for reasons therein set forth, and yet permit those same pers ons to Itecome members of the very Legislatures which were to ratify or reje 3t that constitutional amendment? Did you intend to perpetrate that in- consistency? Did you intend to place it in the power of those who had been warring upon the Govern- ment and would be under the pro- posed amendment to have the pow- er to reject that very amendment whi:h Congress and the country had declared to be necessary to guard against future rebellion and as a guar- antee for future peace? The very statement of the case shows the incon- sistency of the course. Sir, it was but but just and right, at least, that thev should be required to take the same oath which all others are required to tane wno enter upon onlc sand honor and trust under the Government of the Uni .ed States. Mr. President, if any measures havi ever received the sanction and approval of the American people the reconstruction measures have receiv- ed that sanction and approval. They wer? submitted to the people in the canvass of 1808, and after agcan vass un-su- rr assed for exhaustlessness for ar- gument and thoroughnes of discus- sion the measures did receive the sanction and approval of the Ameri-peopl- e; and if there i.s one principal running through these measures which received their sanction more than another it was that one which guarantees to all the people of the Unian who are law-obedie- nt and law-abidi- ng equality ofUjustice, equality of law ; it is one which recognizes cit- izenship in those once enslaved and and guarantees to them the natron's protection. And if there Is one course whi:h they would approve above an- - othcr on the part of their national legislators it is that one Which those shall follow out to the end who are determined to see the provisions of the reconstruction laws finally trium- phant in all the States of the South. e have gone through struggles in the Reld, and struggles in the civil departments of the Government, we are sf niggling to-da- y with the rebell- ion, not in the field but in another form, and the question is not yet set- tled which is triumphant. I propose to follow out the Course which I have indicated and vote against the admis- sion of Virginia, because we have not, in my judgement, the proper guaran- tees for the present and for the future security. . Dj you ask whence comes the pow- er to secure these guarantees? I ans ver the power is inherent in the Government itself to preserve its ex- istence, to maintain its authority, to execute its provisions. If not express- ed it is there is self-eviden- t, is self-existin- g. It is the God.given right of self preservation which is in all Gov- ernments. The power exists within this Government to preserve itelf; if nit expressed it is implied. It is there. The right to exist Implies the power to preserve. The end to be at- tained implies the right to do that which Is necessary fo attain ft. It ia lawful to execute all the proTisfocs ef the Constitution to save Govern raenl ; it lthe sovereignty of government, and if it is not set forth in statutory ?r constitutional form. It cxiU Ij this higher ground, that there is pOTver within the Government to secure lL own self protection and n, which is to the Government. as the right ot self-defens- e to the indi- vidual. England has no written con- stitution, but she hasantrong Govern- ment. The principle lies at the foun- dation of all government, the right to preserve it3 own existence, and in the absence of it all governments must fail. It is the common law of govern- ment. That government'which can- not sustain itelf is a failure... That government which cannot protect tho rights of its citizens is a mockery. ' If the State fails to do this, then tha United States must enable her to do it, or compel her if it Is a voluntary fail- ure, for the United States are sover-- If the failure results from want ofpotrer eign and the State but a canstitupat part. In the absence of this principal of the Government the Union ni!l$. , But we are not left to inferential grants of powers. Section eight of the first article of the Constiiution of the United States declares that , The Congress shall have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and prtrn for carrying Into execution the foregoing powers, and all other ixiwers vest-- d by tiiU Constitution In the Government of the Unit- ed States, or any Deportment oncer there- of. The foregoing powers and all other powers vested in the Government must be execute.!, in order toforraa ' more perfect union in Virginia; in order to establish justice In Virginia; in order to insure domestic tranquility in Virginia; in order to providrfor the common defense In Virginia in order to promote the general welfare in Virginia; In order to secure tho blessings of liberty to the people of Virginia, and to the posterity forex-e- r. If Virginia has not secured theso objects for her people then the powers necessary to secure them must be ex- ecuted? and Congress mu8t be jnako the law requisite for their execution. The day of State rights dogmas ha come to an end. There i3 a national Government, a central Government, to which States must yield the su- premacy. I claim for the Government the exercise of this power in the caj of a State which has not rebelled, 5 How much strongerand more substan- tial is the claim for its exercise la the case of a State which has severed it relations with the Union and destroy- ed all civil government. - But there Is further authority in tho Constitution for this intervention, this interposition of Federal power. Section four, article four, declares that The United States shall guarantee to eve-State- in this Lnlou a Republican form of Government." . There can be no dispute on'thU proposition, namely, that Congress U the power to execute this trust, this-guarante- and it is equally clear. that Congress must determine the mode-manne-r of its execution, what is to be done, how is it to be done, and when is it to be done? It may be done br legislation, and It may be by refusing representation. It id, of course, JefV to Congress to determine what is a Republican form of Government; that being determined its duty is binding to see that such a government Is enforced in all the States. Under thi3 constitutional trust the obligation rests upon Congress to make sure tryit that sucn a government is established in Virginia. A failure to accompli! this result is a failure of war for the Union. We are charged with high and responsible trusts; we must seo that they are faithfully executed. No clamor for Immediate admCision should shut our eves to the danger of such admission. It was the command of the American p ople that the re- construction laws should be completef-l- v and effectually executed, tosecora the rights and liberties of all the citi- zens of the Republic. Let reconstruc- tion be radical, sure, eomnlpte and perpetual ; then the war for the Unioa win indeed oe triumphant. Mr. President I harbor no litteracwi toward the people of Virginia or the people of the South who were In tho rebellion. lam actuated by ho vin- dictive feeline toward them, r nnlr ask for equal laws, equal justice and equal proiection. we have shown, the people of the South that we were ready to take them bv the hand whon they met us with a corresponding spirit; when they eeinced a disposi- tion to csrry out the reconstruction acts, and sustain them In rrrwvl faith we would receive them with generous nearts and rorget the past. But until I see that spirit in the neorjle of Vlr. ginia I shall withholemv vote fnr her admission. Danzer From Eatl n nta .ro1?raf men advise that salt should bo taken With IlUta. PSrwinllv trhon salon t night. One time, says a writer, while enjoying a visit from an Englishman, hickory nuts were served in the eve- ning, when my English friend called for salt, stating that he knew a case of a woman eating heartily of nuts iu the evenini?. who wns tafrpn Tlnionfi 1 ill. The celebrated Dr. Abernethy was Hfui ior, out it was alter he had become too fond of his cup,, and ho was not in a condition to go, He mat-tere- d "Salt, salt," of which no notice was taken. Next morning he .went to this place, ami she was a corpse. He said that had they given her salt it Would have rplfp would allow him to make' an ex- amination he would convince theau - un opening the stomach the nuU ' Were fonriii In miiaa lla in.iniri4 o3 salt on thi. nnr! Iriimor'ofolt- - if tt . solved. Journal fo Jleaftfi. ' 0 A gentleman was one day open in a box of dry good. His little son ' - vh.i siauuing near, ana as his father-too- k the packages from the box, htv laid some of them upon the arm of, the boy. A little friend and play. mate of the merchant's son wa-- i , standing by looking on. As package after package was laid upon the ana' . : of the boy, his little friend began to j fear his load was becoming too heavy e and said: , , "Johnny, dont you think ycuN-f- t ' ' got as much as you can carry V "Never mind," dear little Johnnv answered in a sweet, hsypy tone",, 'father knows how much, I eau carry,1 Brave, trusting littUfihvv! He did not grow restless or Impatient o under the burden,, heavy though if doubtless seemed. There was no) danger, he felt, that his fa her would, lay a load on him too heavy for hiw His father knew his strength," ' or 5 rather the weakness of that l;tU- - urtn." and would not overtailc If. IJorethan miL his father loved ljim, and thprtXore could noo ujiriii mill. It U suiih a spirit of lovlrjg trust In blm thatl God tWlrea ail his children t possess. H' says: 'txeept ye be converted, and beomuiy as little children, ye shall not enter the King- dom of I leaven." -

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Page 1: ADVERTISING RATES. Til · VOTARY PCBLIC A CONVEYANCER, OHlce In J. I Camon's Bank. l K EBUKillT..NOTARY PllILIC CON VEYANCER, No. 72 Main St., second lloor. A rent for the Kqitllnbie

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ADVERTISING RATES. nJT.ITAS, COLHArP CQ.X;. om tqot. ( " or ,l"" rB insertion 1 00

Bsel subsequent Insertion 0 ani Proprietors. "'Balnea Cardi of five line ' less'Stray notices, ach bead . . 00 V J 4 1 . 1 .7 Til s . - ' VI i ,. VII. 03c-NY- .7t XcPli ? ElscS, ay ?T.lrElhth column, on year 3 00 BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.

""Xlfbth column, six months, f IS; three month 10 00

Tont-t- column, one year X) 00 Terms, in Adr&ac :"rourth column, six months, H ; three months IS 00

One copy, one year J 9TIalf column, one yearOne Six mnntha. . .Copy, Jlltalf column, six monts,f3Q; thret rrtofrths...... 31 00 ti

'One column, one year . 80 00

One eolutnn.slx months, f; three montlis 30 00 JO IT MJIKXXT-iO- ; ifjTAllIn advance,

transclent advertisements mart be paid for ESTABLISHED 1856. BROWNVILLE, NEBKASKA; THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17, ,1870. VOL. 14.--N0. 18. Ofratesall kinds, done on short notice and at reason-b- le

BtntntI iinsincss (fatfcs.'

ATTORNEYS.--O. B. BIWtTT. 1. W. JTEWJIA.

IIEWETT fe NEWMAN,ATTORNEY V COUNSELORS AT LAW,

Office, No. "0, McPherson Block, np stairs.FRENCH, W. T. aOMKRS.

FREX CII A KOC.ERS,

ATTORNEYS & COIXXELORS AT UW.Office In Cotirt House Building.

Will clve diligent attention to any Iftil biwlneeanlru.ntdtolhirciire. 4- -t f J

JOB A. PILIXJN.ITTOnSKT . COl'KIELUR AT LAW

sad General Land Afsent,Xecumneh, Johnnon County, Nvhmnka.

" "J. N. REYNOLDS,

1TTORKET . COUNSELOR AT LA1V,Office No. 90, Reynolds Hotel.

THOMAS A BROADY,ATTORNEYS AT LAW AND SOLICITORS

IN CHANCERY,OFFirE Plstrlct Court Room.

vrx. ir. Mclennan,ATTORNEV AND COUNSELOR, AT IJIW,

Nebraska Llty, Nebraska.B. E. FEUKINS,

ATTORNEY AND COUNSKLOR AT IAY,Tecumseh, Joliason Otunty, Neb.

" "

N'YK A

aTTOaNKVS Jk tOl'NSELORS AT LAW,. Pawnee City, Iawnee Co., Neb.

N. K. OUIOOS,ATTORNEY AT LAW AND LAND AGENT,

Beatrice, Oaire County, Nebraska,

piitsicians.ilVimbeulin. m.1.

yiiysiciaiv and surgeon to neb.EYE ANI KAK IXKlltMAKV.

Offk a S XalD-s- OrricK Hocrs 7 a.m. to r.n.II. C THURMAN,

PHYSICIAN ANO Sl'UOEO.1.Ofllce-N- o. 85 Mln Street,

Office hours from 7 to 11 a. m. and 1 to 4 p. m.

H. I MATHEWS,PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON.

Ofn-- e In City Irue Store, Maln-st- .

- C. F. STEWART, M. D.,

JKYSICIAN AND SURGEON,Dfflce In D. IL Lewis A Co.'s Drug Store.

Office hours from 7t a. m and 1 to 1 and 6' toT p. m.

LAND AGENTS.ii. v. HU(Jiir.s,

KEAL ESTATE AGENT Al NOTARYPUBLIC.

OfZ9 Ter Ilannaferd A lie Fall's Furniture store.

WM. IL, HOOVER,KEAL ESTATE &. TAX PAYING AGENT.

OfCce In District Court IUwwju

Will rWe prompt attontirm to the saie of Real Ea--

Umu Payment of Taxes throughout the .N.iusiitXaaa DuirlcL

JONAH HACKER, :

'LAID AND TAX PAYING AGENT.t Office srith Probate Judge.

TT1U attend to tfie Payment of Taies forXon-lleside- nt

1 jind wnen In emalia (Vuaty. tOrrm-pDiln- e

solicited.

NOTARIES.jls. C. McNAUGHTONr

VOTARY PCBLIC A CONVEYANCER,OHlce In J. I Camon's Bank.

l K EBUKillT..NOTARY PllILIC CON VEYANCER,

No. 72 Main St., second lloor.A rent for the Kqitllnbie and American Tontine

JJfe Insurance Compac left.

DRUGSTORES.McCRKEUY A MICK. ELL.

DEALKUS IN ftUXGS, STATIONERY,.Fall assortment Urugs, J'aints, Rooks, Stationer',k.,oo nana, ana win ai a iioh.smm or reuui.

I). II. LEWIS t CO.,nvccKmnn to hsllahaV ext.

DEALERS IN DRI sVS, X KWK INKS A-- .

No. 41 Main-st- .

GRAIN DEALERS.EVAN WORTHING,

JTORW ARDING AND COMMISSIONMERCHANT,

Acd dealer in all kinds of Ciraln and Country3re4uce, Brewnvllle, Nebnuxka.

CJEO. ti. START & BRO.,DEALERS IN GRAIN, PRODUCE, Ac

A spin all, Nebraska.The highest market price paid for anything the

farmer can raise. We will uy tat sell everythingfeaown la the market.

MERCHANDISE.McPHERsON A TITTTLE,

DEALERS I. GENERAL MERCHANDISEKo. 68, MoPberson lilork.

F. E. JOHNSON A CO.'EALERS INGENERAL MEKCUANJJISE

No. 72 Maln-t.- . McPherson Block,

WM. T. DEN.SEALER IN GENERAL MP.RCIIAXDISE,

Vrwrdla: n Mrrrkamt,So. 82 Msin-ft- ., Brownville,

TomTlanters. Plows. Stows, Fwtiltniv. s

en band. H igitest market price paK for Hides,felts. Furs, aa Country Produce.

HARDWARE.' 811 ELLEN BERG ER BRO'S.,

DEALERIIX HARDWARE, STOVES.No. 74 Main-st- .

- Ktosres. TTard ware, Carper"s Tool s, Riaotsmf.hFurnishings, Ac, constantly oa liand

JOHN C, DEUSER,DEALER IN STOVES, TINWARE, Ae.

No. 79 Main-s- t.

SADDLERY.

' JOJLN W, MIDDLETOX,HARNESS, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Et.

No. M Main-st- .' Whips and Lashes of every description, and Plsvarlngiialr, katon hand. Cash paid for Hides.

J. II. BATJER,UARXEIa, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Etcy. t Mala-s- t.

MenClng done to order. Satisfaction guaranteed.

CONFECTIONERIES.

. ISRAEL a NACE,CITT BAKERY AND CONFECTIONERY.

No, 11 Main --at., opposite City Drug Store., Pies, Cakes. Fresh Bread, Ctmfeotkwery, Lightand fancy Groceries, constantly on hand.

' , WILLIAM BOSS ELL,CONFECTIONERY AND TOY STORE,

No, 40 Olain-s- C

Fresh Bread, Cakes, Uystera. Frulta, ec.on hand.

J. P. DEUSER,DEALER IN CONFECTIONERIES, Ac

No. 44 Main-st- .

. irusic.MRS. J. M. GRAHAM.

TEACHER OP" MUSIC.' Rooms, Main-st- , bet. 4th and 5th,

Lsons given on the Piano, Organ, Melodeon.Outiar and Vocalisation. Having had eight years

' eipertenoeas teacher of Music to New Yorkiscua-Bde- nt

of giving satisfaction.

BOUNTY CLADI AGENTS.

ED. P. SMITH,U. 8. WAR CLAIM AGENT,

Wasiangton City, D. Ctrill attend to the prosecution of claims before the

Jeoartment In person, for Additional Bounty, Backfa? and Pensions, and all claims accruing againstlas Sovernnient during the late war.

- SALOONS.

JOSF.ril HUDDARD A CO... PEACE AND QUIET SALOON.

No. 47 Main-- .The best Wines and IJquors kept on hand.

R. C BERGER,ALII AMUR A BILLIARD SALOON,

No. 48. Whltner's Block.The best Wines and Lhracws constantly on hand

tutval business arbs.

HOTEES.STAR HOTEL.

STEVENSON & CROSS, PROPRIETORS.FrOnt-s- t, between Main and Atlantic

This Jlonft hn just been rPmodpled, Inside an4out. Ktaire Offlce for all points West. Omnibusesto all trains.

REYNOLDS HOUSE. .

NATHAN K. GRFEN.ritOFRIETOR,88 & 90 Main Street, flrowrif llli

Bet accommodations In the city. Netr House,newly furnished. In the heart of business part oicity. Livery stable convenient. 45-S-

AMERICAN HOUSE.L. D. ROBISON, PROPRIETOR.

Front-st.- , bet. Main and Water.A jrood Feed and Livery Stable in connection with

the House.

BOOTS AND SHOES.A. ROBINSON,

BOOT AND SHOE MAKER,. No. 68 Maifi-s- t.

Has constantly on hand a (rood assortment oft.ent s, IHdies, Misses' sna tTilldreii s Boots andShoes. Custom work done with neatness and dis-patch. Repairing done on short notice.

JUSTICES.A. W. MORGAN.

PROBATE JUDGE AND JUSTICE OPTHE PEACE.

Office In Court House Building.

STATIONERY.A. D. MARSH,

PIONEER BOOK AND NEWS DEALER,City Book Store, No. 50 Main-s- t.

BRIDGE BUILDING.C. W. WHEELER,

BRIDGE BUILDER A. CONTRACTOR.Brownville, Nebraska.

Sole aent for R. W. Smith's Patent Truss Brldire.The strongest aikd best wooden bridge now in use.

TAILORING..CHRIS. IIAUBOLDT,

MERCHANT TAILOR,No. 62 Main-s- t.

Has on band a splendid stock of Goods, and willmake them up In tike latest styles, on short noticeand reasonable terms.

BLACKSMITHS.

J. W. & J. C. GIBSON,BLACKSMITHS A HORSE SHOERS.

Flrst-sU- , bet. Main and Atlantic,All work done to order and satisfaction (niarnnteed.

CIgrar Making by Machinory.The American Cigar Machine Com-

pany recently gave a practical exhibi-tion of the machines patented by themfor the manufacture of cigars. Thesemachines bid fair to work a revolutionin cigar making, not only because ofthe reduced cost of production, butalso on account of the fact that cigarsso made can be sold for ten dollars athousand less than cigars made byhand. The company has thirty machines in operation, driven by a smallcaloric engine. The machines aresimple, and can be worked by children. 1 he wrappers are hrst cut fromthe pure leaf by :i machine. A hun-dred leaves are placed in a pile, heldin place by clamp, when four knives;in the shape of an oblong square de-scend and cut out the wrappers. Thecigar-makin- g machines consist of re-volving rollers, covered by a cap. The"filleru" having been wrapped up inthe rough by hand, are placed withinthe machine, and in a few seconds thecigar is sufficiently rolled and fash-ioned at one end to receive the wrap-per, which is fed into the machine,the operator having previously gum-med the ends. The cigar is thentaken out, neuth' and expeditiouslymade. All that remains to be done isto trim one end. A girl can produce2,000 cigars a day by these machines,and can easily earn from ten to fifteendollars per week.

a a

Snnllght A Necessity. Sun bathscost nothing, and nre the most re-

freshing life-givin- g bath9 that onecan take, whether sick or well.Every housekeeper knows the neces-sity of giving her woolens the benefitof the sun, from time to time, andespecially after a long rainy season,or a long absence of the sun. Manvwill think of the injury their clothesare liable to, from dampness, whowill never reliect that an occasionalexposure of their own bodies to thesunlight is equals necessary to theirown health. The sun-bat- hs costnothing, ami that is a misfortune, forpeople are still deluded with the ideathat those things only can be good oruseful which cost money. Let it notbe fergwtten threeof (iod's most beneficent gifts to man three things themost necessary to good health sun-light, fresh ir and water, are free tosli ; you can huve them in abundance,without mcmey and without price, ifvou If you would enjoy goodneaHh, then sec to it that you are sup-plied with pure air to breathe all thetime; that you bathe for an hour orso in the sunlight; and that you

auench your thirst with no otherwlcT.Jfrttrnal of Health.

Covering the lungs. One of themost important things to be consider-ed in the dress is the careful coveringof th clx?st and Iwick. Exposing thelungs by inadequate shielding of theseportions of the bodv from the cold istoo generally practiced, especially bythe ladies. To cover the chest is notenough. There should be a thick cov-ering between the shoulders.

Iu his lecture in New York on"How to Escape Hell," Oliver Dyerremarked that "a man goes to hellsimply because he belongs there. Inthe eternal world they always havethe right man in the right place.This business of going to heaven orhell is purely a philosophical matter,and there are no rewards r penaltiesin the case, but only logical sequences

They have secured anew anestheticin France, to supersede chloriform andIts various substitutes." It is a chem-ical compound, and is called "choral."It is not inhaled, but swallowed, whenit produces a perfect insensibilitywithout any dangerous accompania-ment- s.

This is, in surgical practice, adiscovery of the utmost importance.

A three-ye- ar old gentleman theother day startled his father, whocame into the parlor, which was filledwith company, just after having hada very gray moustache dyed intenselyblack, by asking him what he haddone with his old whiskers, and wherehe got his new ones.

Mr. G. was a most inveterate puns-ter. Lying very ill of the cholera, hisnurse proposed to prepare a young,tender chicken. "Hadn't you bettertake an old hen ?" said he in a lowwhisper, he was not able to speakaloud, "for she would be more ant tolay on my stomach." G. fell backexhausted and the nurse fainted.

. ADMISSION OF VIRGINIA.

SPEECH OF nON. JOHN M. THAYER,OF NEBRASKA,

la the Se&ate of tie U, R., Jaatary 17 gad 13.

The rVnftte havlne onder considerationthe bill (II. R. No. TtUj to adroit the State ofVirginia to representation in the Congress ofthe Unltod blates

Mr. THAYER said :Mr. President.: It Is difficult for

me to believe that the Senator fromNevada who has charge of this billMr. Stewart is anxious to bring it

to a vote. He has on several occasionsentreated the Senate to pass it, andthen when we were about to vote onimportant amendments pending hehas interposed a speech, and whenwe were coming to a vote, accordingto agreement, then again he has sub-stituted the House bill and interposedanother speech. By doing that he Isdrawing a speech from me which Ishould not have made.

The very tenor of the remarks ofthe Senator from Nevada evinced tomy mind the extreme distrust whichhe entertains of the State of Virginiaafter this bill shall pass, if that is tobe the decision of Congress. He want?the finishing stroke put upon the rat-ification of the fifteenth amendmentwithin a week. Why have he andother Senators urged the Governor ofNebraska, who happens to be sittingin the Chamber, to convene the Legis-lature of that State within ten daysfrom to-d- ay in order that she mayratify it? Why this urgent haste?Because they fear, and almost, Iwould say, believe that Virginia willattempt to undo the ratification of thefifteenth amendment, that Virginiamay trample under foot the laws ofCongress which have been passed forthe protection of the loyal people ofVirginia.- -

The Lecistature of Nebraska I cansay, and I do by authority, will beconvened during the month of Feb-ruary, and that she will ratify the fif-

teenth amendment is beyond a doubt ;

for there is but one Democratic StateSenator in the Senate and but fourDemocratic members in the House.That is the way we make RepublicanStates in the West.

I need hardly recall the attention ofthe Senate to the fact that Nebraskaapplied here for admission, and thatconditions were imposed upon her tothe effect that there should be univer-sal suffrage in the State of Nebraska.We did not regard it as a degradationupon that State, but accepted the con-

dition in good faith. I do not proposeto vote for the admission of Virginiaupon the naked bill of the House ofRepresentatives after having submit-ted to the imposition of conditionsupon the State of Nebraska. How isit that the Congress of the UnitedStates, after three years more of pro-gress, can now propose to- - admit thisState without conditions or guaran-tees? Mother of States, was she!One of the mothers of secession andtreason; for the abominable monsterof treason required more than onemother. She with her record redwith human blood, is now to pas3through Congress without a conditionand without a guarantee. Why isthis? I have heard the questionasked repeatedly during ihe progressof this debate, why is it that condi-tions were required or a loyal peoplewhen assuming the obligations ofstatehood and which arc not requiredof a State which swung from hermoorings in the Union, joined thesouthern confederacy, raided armies,and fought through four years to de-stroy the Union ?

This bill has been pushed forwardwith most extraordinary energy mostextraordinary determination, andwith most unprecedented haste. Vir-ginia has been eight years out of theUnion. Where is the extreme neces-sity for the haste which has beenmanifested in pressing forward thisbill ? Not a day nor an hour could begiven for investigation, for examina-tion into the allegations which weremade here by citizens of Virginia overtheir own signatures. I know notwho they are nor what they are ; butthe memorial came in a form whichentitled it to respect and considera-tion. Not an hour could be given,and they, professing to be the loyalpeople of Virginia, were met in theSenate of the United States with con-tumely, denunciatiai, and abuse fromRepublican Senators. I know notwhat illusion may have come uponhonorable Senators; whether theyare at fault or whether I am at faultand those who vote with me; whetherI am laboring under a delusion or arethev : but I do say that these scenesare most extraordinary. .We haveheard denunciations in this Chamberfrom Senators which have created afeeling of surprise. We had been ac-

customed to hear such denunciationsduring the last three years from Sen-ators of an opposite political faith outhis floor; but during the progress ofthis debate those Senators have beensilent; others have done their work;others have fought their battle.

Now, Mr. President, let me callyour attention to another fact. Morethan one. two, three, four, or half adozen, or a dozen Senators who favorthe passage of the bill for the admis-sion of Virginia have frankly confess-ed that they do it with extreme reluc-tance and extreme distrust. Thc3frankly admit that they fear the con-sequences; that they fear Congresswill within a twelvemonth be calledupon to take action in regard to Virgi-nia for the violation of the conditionsof her admission or the violation ofthe fifteenth amendment. Seeingthedanger, they rush madly . on ; seeingthe blunder, they make haste to re-

peat it. A vessel strikes upon a sun-ken rock and sinks beneath the waves;the master of another in full view

on all steam, crowds all sail' andSuls his ship upon the same sunkenrock and sinks beneath the waves.Where is the prudence, the commonjudgment, which would influenceSenators in the ordinary affairs of life,that, confessing the danger, this billis thus pushed torward through thetwo Houses of Congress? Where isthe statesmanship of this policy?

I read in the public prints that onthe annoucement of the vote in theother House on the passage of the billadmitting Virginia it was recievedwith rapturous applause. It recalledto ray mind the fact that on the pas-sage of the ordinance of secessionthere was one shout of joy that wentup through all Virginia at the sever-ance of her relations with the Union.The measure may meet with the sameapplause In this Chamber if it is to gothrough; but I call to mind the factthat there are thousands and thous-ands of men and women in Virginiawhose hearts to-d- ay are full of thegravest apprehensions at the gloomyprospect that is before them. Thereare tnnusands and hundreds of thous-ands of people in th State of Virgi-nia, every sentiment of whose soulhas beat iu unison with love for theircountry since that ordinance of seces

sion passed until this hour, who dreadthe passage in Its present form of thebill to restore Virginia to the Union ;

and yet their appeal In this Chambefis met with ridicule snd derisiom

I question no Senator's motives Iconcede to everv one the same sincerity of purpose, the same honesty ofintention wnieii uiauii lur iiijrscn,but I must be permitted to say thatafter the experience of the past eightyears, after the experience of the pastthree years in the work of reconstruc-tion, I have been amazed at whathas transpired in Congress during thelast week, and I am amazed at theexceeding hot haste with which Sen-ators have attempted to crowd thismeasure through Congress.

There is another feature of this de-

bate to which I desire to call atten-tion and which has been exceedinglyinteresting to me. I have remarkedthat a portion of the members of thisbody, those who belong to the op-posite political faith, have remainedentirely silent. I could not but no-tice the satisfaction which seemed tosettle upon their countenances as thisdebate progressed. They seem to beas serene and composed as a summer'smorning ; or, to be still more poetic,as calm and unruffled as the waters ofa moon-li- t lake. There has beennothing except an incidental allusionto the record of the Democratic partyto call forth the impetuous eloquenceof my honorable friend from Delaware,Mr. Saulsbury; nothing to invite

constitutional dissertations from" myhonorable friend from Kentuky. Mr.Davis; nothing to invite a speechfrom any Democratic Senator till to-

day.I wish to call attention to the fact,

within the remembrance of verySenator, that from the day when thefirst reconstruction bill passed Con-gress down to the 1st day of January,1870, whenever a measure came uptouching reconstruction in the south-ern States this Chamber.has run withthe denunciations of DemocraticSenators against the usurpations andviolations of the Constitution whichthe Republican were perpetrating.They have argued from first to lastthat no State was ever out of theUnion when she had once been in ;

and in every Democratic convention,from the national convention down toa county convention, in all the Statesit has been set forth that no State wasout of the Union. What do we seeto-da-y ? This same Democratic partyvoting a State into the Union whichhas never been out. My honorablefriends from Kentucky, from Dele-war- e,

from California, and from Ohio,and others are now all committed tothe admission of a State Into theUnion which according to their owndeclarations from year to .year hasnever been out of the Union. Mr.President,' the world moves. TheDemocratic party have come up to thedoctrine of reconstruction and haveindorsed it. They are now committedto the provisions of our reconstructionlaws, for they are voting unitedly infavor of the aum ssion ot Virginia. 1congratulate them

Mr. SAULSliUKY. Will the Senator allow me to ask him a question ?

Mr. TIIAYKK. Yes sir.Mr. SAULSBURY. Does the Sen- -

antor understand the bill now beforethe body as admitting Virginia intothe Union or simply declaring thatVirginia is entitled to representationin Congress;

Mr. THAYFR. Has she been en-

titled to it before?Mr. SAULSBURY. I asked you a

question. ...- h.ww a "St W A .1

Mr. A 11 A l I'jii. x unaerstanu verywell the purport of the bill which isnow under discussion. It is restoringVirginia to representation In theUnion. Now, I ask my friend fromDelaware if she has never been de-

prived of it?Mr. SAULSBURY. Never at any

time that she chose to avail herself ofit.

Mr. THAYER. The honorableSenator admits the correctness of myposition. He is now voting a State tobe entitled to representation of whichshe lias been deprived.

Mr. SAULSBURY. No ; I say shenever has been deprived unless shechose voluntarily to deny herself theprivilege; she ahvavs had the right.

Mr. THAYER. The Senator fromDeleware, then, claims that Virginiahas been entitled to representationfrom the time she seceded until now;that she was entitled to vote for presi

dential electors in 18C4, according tohis own reasoning, though waging aflagrant war against the Government.He must take one conclusion or theother. If he is now voting her to beentitled to representation, then shehas been deprived of it: if he is nowvoting'her back into the Union, thenshe has been out of the Union.

The honorable Senator from Dela-ware Mr. Saulsbcry thought pro-per to present a vindication, as didalso the honorable Senator from Cali-fornia, Mr. Casserly, of the recordof the Democratic party. I haveheard before during this session simi-lar references to the Democratic party.I have noticed the taunt thrown outbefore to-da- y duilng this session thatthe Republican party were responsi-ble for the debt which accrued in thesuppression of the rebellion. Sena-tors may yet come to claim that theDemocratic party was the party whichsuppressed the rebellion, and that theRepublican party was the party whichinaugurated treason. It is said thathistory repeats itself. According towhat fs transpiring to-d- ay it wouldseem as if history was reversing itself.

Sir, let me call attention and Ishall occupy but a few moments ofthe time of the Senate on this pointto the record of the Democatic party.Let me ask the honorable Senatorfrom Deleware what party had pos-session of the Government for thirtyyears prior to the inauguration of therebellion? It was the Democraticparty. That party had directed andshaped the policy of the couutry, andwas in possession of the Governmentwhen the war commenced. It hadpossession of the executive, legisla-tive, and judicial departments of theGovernment. It was under the poli-cy of the Democratic party that thewnr commenced. It was by theteachings and the doetrines of theDemocratic party that the South weretaught to rebel. It was the Demo-cratic party which broke faith withthe nationin repealing the Missouricompromise which had been a sacredcompact for thirty years betweenslavery and freedom. That greatcompact, which consecrated forever tohuman freedom all the territory northof the line of 3G 30, the Democraticparty violated or set aside at the de-mand of the slave-maste- rs of theSouth in order to force slavery on thefree soil of Kansas. Such is therecord of history.

It was by a series of aggressionsand outrages on the part of the Dem-ocratic party that the Republicanparty was called into being, foundedon the great principle that all the ter

ritory of the United States was freeand that slavery Iras only a sectionalinstitution. It was by the teachingsand by the doetri nes that were pro-claimed by the leaders of the Demo-cratic party that war came. WhatRepublican ever raised his handagainst the flag of his country ? WhatRepublican who voted for Mr. Lin-coln ever aided in planning treasonand rebellion? Whodidit but theleaders of the Democratic party inthis Chamber and in the other Hall,who sat in their seats making lawsfor the United States during the dayand then met in secret conclave allthrough the winter of 1SG0-6-1 hatch-ing treason? Tell ir.c not that theRepublican party brought on the warand are responsible, for the nationaldebt.

Sir, when the war came, had theDemocratic party of the North beentrue to the Government, it would nothave -- lasted six months. Havingtaught the South to rebel, as thenorthern Democracy did, by tellingthe : South : that they of the Northwould stand by them and sustainthem, when the war went on it wasthe aid and encouragement given bythe northern Democracy to the Souththat prolonged the war year afteryear. ; I make not this accusationagainst all the Democratic party.That there were loyal men in it Igladly admit; but I speak of it as anorganization. It was disloyal fromthe begiunig to the end of the war.When that convention met in the cityof Chicago and declared the war afailure, and demanded a cessation ofhostilities in order that peace mightbe made with the rebels in arms, thatresolution was equal to an addition ofone hundred thousand men, fresh re-

cruits, to the rebel lines, and a cor-responding draft was made upon theindustry and the bone and the 6inew,and the life of the North to carry onthe struggle thus made the more des-perate by the aid thus given to therebels by their allies of the North.The soldier of the Union never wentinto battle without feeling consciousthat he was fighting two armies, . therebels in the front and the northernDemocracy in the rear.

Sir, it is not pleasant to review thesefacts of history. I should not havedone it but for the dcclaiations madeby the honorable Senators from Dela-ware and California that we havebrought upon the country the war,and that we created this immensedebt. Sir, it was a Democratic rebel-lion' and this is a Democratic debt,the legitimate offspring of Democraticrule and Democratic teaching, and assuch history will Write down as thefacts, in my judgment, because theycannot be denied.

Now, in reference to the bill beforethe Senate let me remark that I amnot prepared to vote for the admis-sion of Virginia with her present sur-roundings and in her present condi-tion because I have not confidencethat she will be true to the amendments of the Constitution of the Uni-ted States which she has ratified, andbecause I am compelled to believe byconcurrent testimony that there willnot be protection for the 103'al peopleof Virginia. Therefore I prefer if Ierr to err on the safe side, to hold herback until we have sufficient guaran-tees guarantees which shall not bepatchwork, which shall not be likeheaps of sand, to be blown to thewinds. I want those guarantees un-der which ail the people of Virginia,Democrats and Republicans, whiteand black, who obey the laws shallenjoy the equal protection of the laws.When I am satisfied that such condi-tion of things exists in Virginia thenI am ready to vote for her admission,but not until then.

The honorable Senator from Neva-da, Mr. Nye, who has always beenso true to the cause of reconstructionand to the cause of freedom, madesome remarks the other day whichfell upon my ears causing sincereregret on my part. I regretted to findthe shaft of his severe sarcasm turnedagainst those who thought it properto send here a respectful remonstranceagainst the admission of Virginia. Iregretted to hear hm say that Virgin-ia, oppressed Virginia, long-sufferi- ng

Virginia, her very locks wet with thedews of the night

Mr. STEWART. I never couldhave said any pretty things of thatsort. Laughter.

Mr. THAYER. I am aware of that.My friend from Nevada is not so poet-ical as his colleague. He must notimagiue that he gives utterance to allthe pretty things that come from theState of Nevada. Laughter.

He Mr. Nye described with af-fecting pathos the hardships inflictedupon this long-sufferin- g, patiently-waitin- g

State of Viginia! She haswaited till her very locks arc wet withthe dews of the night!

Sir, let me say to that honorableSenator, whose impulses and whoseintentions are just that there are peo-ple in Virginia to-da- y who are tiredof waiting, waiting, waiting for thatprotection-whie- this great Govern-ment of the United States has vouch-safed to every citizen who respects itsauthorities and obeys its commands.They have waited in vain, and theywait to-da- y for those guarantees andfor those assurances of equal protec-tion, which he and I enjoy ; and Inmy opinion if this bill passes theywill wait in vain, and you will seehundreds and thousands of them leav-ing Virginia, as I have seen somewithin the the last three months, andseeking homes in Indianaand Illinoisand seeking that protection of the lawwhich they cannot find in Virginia.

The Senator from Nevada also re-

marked that he was tired of this wo kof reconstruction. I am not tired ofthe work of reconstruction, but I amtired of being beaten in the work ofreconstruction by those who couldnot beat us in the field. Sir, wehave struggled with the iebellionfrom the very day that Andrew John-son betrayed his party and his coun-try ; we have been struggling withthe rebellion in trying to carry outreconstruction during the host threeyears, and were struggling with it to-

day, in some of the late insurgentStates:

Senators have told us that we mustnot judge Virginia by Georgia orTennessee. I say it is proper andreasonable to judge of irginia bywhat has taken place in Georgia amiTennessee. It is proper for us to availourselves of all the lights of experi-ence, of all the facts in all the latelyinsurgent States which bear upon thequestion. If Georgia has trampledfourteenth amendment under foot, itis but reasonable to infer that thesame elements may accomplish thesame results in other States.

Mr. President, I embarked in thiswork of reconstruction with the de-

termination to make it permanent.It was the the declared will of theAmerican people, speaking at theballot; box and through Congres, thatthe reconstruction laws should be ex-ecuted for the salvation of the nation

and for the guarantee of equal right",and the malntainance of the peacethroughout the revolted States. Forone I propose not to yield until thebattle is fully fought and the victoryfully won. For one I propose to fightIt out on this line if it takes us allsummer and all winter, and each suc-ceeding summer and winter till theUnion is fully triumphant, and therebellion completely conquerred.

Mr. THAYER here yielded toa motion to adjourn. r :

: i

. Tuesday Jsonary IS, 1S70.The.Senate having under consideration the

same subjectMr. THAYER. Mr. President, I

shall not occupy much of the time ofthe Senate this morning; in fact Ihad nearly concluded theremarks I in-

tended to make yesterday, when myfriend from Minnesota, Mr. Ram-sey, desired me to yield the floorfor a motion to adjourn. The hourbeing so late, and recollecting thatSenator had with great uniformity,voted againstall motions to adjourn,I felt boundto oblige him. Laugh-ter.

On Friday an understanding wasentered into by which it was agreedthat a Senate judiciary bill for the ad-mission of Virginia should be reachedyesterday at four o'clock. All assen-ted to that arrangement, and suppos-ed from the extrrordina ry haste withwhich the bill was being pressed, andthe zeal that had been manifested byits friends, and the anxiety they haveshown for an early vote, that weshould have reached "it yesterday. Toour surprise, however, a motion wasinterposed to lay that bill aside, andsubstitute the House bill, and thespectacle was presented of my friendfrom Nevada, representing the Judi-ciary Committee and having this billin charge, throwing aside his own off-spring? and adopting that of another.I can inform him that this child ofhis adoption is launched upon astormy sea, and has the prospect of aroueh passage.

Why the bill of the Senate Whichhas been under discussion for a week,and for a vote on which a time hadbeen agreed upon, should be thussummarily thrust aside, I can onlydivine. An amendment had beenmade to it which, in the judgement ofsome who are anxious to have somesecurity from Virginia, might accom-plish the purpose which they had inview. But, sir, that is trampled uhderfoot, for fear it might prevail, and thebill of the House, naked and simple,is pressed upon the Senate. I wouldsugest to those who are anxious thusto bring Virginia back without condi-tions and without guarantees to castthat bill aside and to introduce anoth-er which shall declare that whereasthe Congress of the United States hasbeen guilty of oppression and of wrongand of outrage upon Virginia, thegrand old mother of States, and ofPresidents, the noble Old Dominion.the school wherein were taught for somany long years the sacred doctrinesof the sublime resolutions of 17(J3. andbeneath Whose soil sleep the bones ofso many of our heroic dead who perished in saving the Government whichVirginia was attempting to destroy,therefore we invite her to favor uswith the light of her restored wisdomand to send up her Senators and Rep-resentatives, promising that they shallbe admitted at once, and to the chief-e- st

places in both Houses of Congress,anil declare to her that we express ourheartfelt regret for the treatment shehas received at our hands ! In thatway you will reach more directly theend to which, it seems to me, you arenow tending by the legislation whichis pressed upon Congress.

Sir, less than twenty daj's ago Con-gress enacted a law remanding Geor-gia to her former provisional condition.Why? Because the members of theLegislature of Georgia had refused totake the oath prescribed by the recon-struction laws, and because a portionof the members of the Legislaturewere disqualified from holding officeunder the third section of the four-teenth amendment to the Constitutionof the United States; and further be-cause a portion of the members lagallyelected were ousted anil their placesfilled by those illegally elected. To-day you are forcing Virginia into theUnioi , and j'ou refuse to prescribe thesame conditions to her that you prescribed to Georgia. Why is this dif-farenc- e?

Does Virginia present her-self with a purer record than Georgia ?If Georgia had her Andersonville,Virginia had her Belle Islenhd Libby.If the voice of oppressed loyal peopleGeorgia came up to the Halls of Con-gress demanding that protectionwhich you have guaranteed to allwho obey the law, the same voice hascome up from the plains, the vallej-s- ,

and the mountains of Virginia, de-manding the interposition of Federalpower to give to her loyal people thatsame protection of Government andof law. With one hand we remandedGeorgia to military power, for violat-ed conditions ; with the other you re-- 1

store Virginia without conditions!Honorable gentlemen may have anexplanation, but of its wisdom the fu-

ture will determine.It will be recollected that in the act

that was passed declaring certain ofthe lately insurgent States restored tothe Union, certain conditions wereprescribed. I refer io the act of June25, 1808, wherein it is expressly declar-ed as follows:

'That each of the States of North Carolina,South Carolina, CJf rgla, Louisiana, Ahilrfinin.and Florida shall le entitled and admittedto ion In Cmnrre :w rt State inthe Union when tho Legislature of HahtState shall have duly ratified the amendmentof the Constitution of the United States pro-posed by the Thirty-Nint- h CongreKH endknown a article fourteen, upon the follow-ing fundamental conditions: That the con-stitution of neither of the aald Slate shallnever he so amended or change! as todeprlveany citizen or class of citizens of the UnitedStates of tlieriuht to vote In said State, Whoare entitled to vote by the const ituloin there-of herein recognized, except as a punishmentlor crime,' Ac.

The Congress of the United Statesexpressly declared thatthe Ligislatureof those Statesshould ratify at.d agreeand pledge their sacred honor to thatfundamental condition, that the rigiitof suffrage should never be abridgedtaken away from any portion of theircitizens who were entitled to a vote;except for crime. Why, I ask theSenator from Nevada and those whoare acting with him, do u refusenow, two years later, to apply thesame condition and require the-sam- e

pledge from Virginia? What has shelone to entitle her to this immunity?What will be the inference to bedrawn by Virginia on the refusal ofCongress to require this same pledge?it must inevitably be that she may doWith impunity that whichvou requir-ed Georgia to pledge herseli she wouldnot do, hecam'e you do not require thesame pledge from. Virginia; and,judging from the past we have abun-dant reason for not believing that shewill make nse of the privilege that wethus give to her.

Now, Mr. President, let me refer tothe statement which has been repeat-edly made in this Chamber, that we

have committed ourselves to the recep-tion of Virgi nia back into the Unionby our previous legislation. Thatsta ;ement or charge has been iteratedand reiterated again, and again, andyet not a Senator has pointed to onesin gle line in these acts of reconstruc-tion, which committed us to the ad-m- h

sion or the restoration of Virginiawhen she might appiy. Section six,of the act of March 2, 18G7, provides:

"That until the people of the said rebelState shall be by law admitted to represen-tation to the Consressol the" United stated,any evil government which may exist there-in snail be deemed provisional only, and Inall respect subject to the paramount author-ity of the United States at any time to abol-ish, modify, control or supersede the same."

The act of April 10, 1SG9 has thisfur'her provision on this subject inreference to Virginia, Mississippi andTe::as :

"And hr it further enacted. That the wholeproeedInss In any of said States Khali notbe deemed final or oerntc mi a Complete res-toration thereof until their action respective-ly s!iall be approved by Congress,"

Can language be any plainer thanthat? I challenge my frind from Ne-vada, or any other Senator who hasmade this statement to show one lineor c ne word in these acts which bindus to the unconditional restoration ofVirginia. On the contrary the sec-tion which I have just read expresslyadmits and places it in the power ofCot gress to review and revise the ac-tion of Virginia, and we are not inany particular committed to receiveher on her application. So much forthe violated pledges and violatedfaith.

But, sir, in admitting Virginia to-

day there is a violated pledge and thereis violated faith. We have solemnlypromised to the faithful people ofVirginia that they shall have the equalpro action of the law and the blessingsof jrood government. I appeal to ev-ery Republican Senator in this pres-ence to-d-ay if he is sure he is makingthai pledge good to that oppressedpeople? No sir the declarations of toomany of those who avow themselvesin favor of the passage of the billshow what universal distrust there Isin regard to this legislation ; and yetwe are ordered to put it right throughwithout let or hinderance. We areurgsd to turn the true people of Vir-gin '.a over to the rule of those whostill love treason and hate the Union.

Mr. President, you and I and allothers holding positions of honor andtrus t under the authority tend Govern-ment of the United States are requir-ed to subscribe to a certain oath, some-times called the iron-cla- d oath, theoath of of 1862. The legislature ofVirginia met in a provisional capacity.Cot Id its members be required to takean oath less binding and less restric-tive than we? They met as membersof the Legislature of Virginia underthe authority of laws of Congress as apro visional body. How can they es-ca- pa

that oath which Is required of allwiohold office under the authority ofthe Government of the United States?Thtre ss a statutory authority for theposition which I am presenting, forthe concluding portion of section six.of the act of March 2, 1807, and act topro fide for the more efficient governmerit of the rebel States, is as follows :

"And no person shall be eligible to any of-fice under s such provisional governmentswho would be disqualified from holding offlceunder the provisions of the third section ofsaid Constitutional Amendment.

If that oath is not applied to themembers of the Virginia Legislature,how, pray, are you to ascertain wheth-er they are disqualified under thethird section of the fourteenth amendment? Sir.it was the spirit and intent, expressed and implied, runningall through the reconstruction enactments, that the oath should be requlred, which would purge the Legislature of those who are disqualified.How does Congress know whetherthere are or are not members in thatLegislature who are disqualified bythe provision to which I have referred ?Did Congress intend to perpetrate thefarce of passing a constitutionalamendment which should disqualifycertain persons for reasons thereinset forth, and yet permit those samepers ons to Itecome members of the veryLegislatures which were to ratify orreje 3t that constitutional amendment?Did you intend to perpetrate that in-

consistency? Did you intend to placeit in the power of those who hadbeen warring upon the Govern-ment and would be under the pro-posed amendment to have the pow-er to reject that very amendmentwhi:h Congress and the country haddeclared to be necessary to guardagainst future rebellion and as a guar-antee for future peace? The verystatement of the case shows the incon-sistency of the course. Sir, it was butbut just and right, at least, that thevshould be required to take the sameoath which all others are required totane wno enter upon onlc sand honorand trust under the Government of theUni .ed States.

Mr. President, if any measureshavi ever received the sanction andapproval of the American people thereconstruction measures have receiv-ed that sanction and approval. Theywer? submitted to the people in thecanvass of 1808, and after agcan vass un-su- rr

assed for exhaustlessness for ar-gument and thoroughnes of discus-sion the measures did receive thesanction and approval of the Ameri-peopl- e;

and if there i.s one principalrunning through these measureswhich received their sanction morethan another it was that one whichguarantees to all the people of theUnian who are law-obedie- nt and law-abidi- ng

equality ofUjustice, equalityof law ; it is one which recognizes cit-izenship in those once enslaved andand guarantees to them the natron'sprotection. And if there Is one coursewhi:h they would approve above an- -othcr on the part of their nationallegislators it is that one Which thoseshall follow out to the end who aredetermined to see the provisions ofthe reconstruction laws finally trium-phant in all the States of the South.

e have gone through struggles inthe Reld, and struggles in the civildepartments of the Government, weare sf niggling to-da-y with the rebell-ion, not in the field but in anotherform, and the question is not yet set-tled which is triumphant. I proposeto follow out the Course which I haveindicated and vote against the admis-sion of Virginia, because we have not,in my judgement, the proper guaran-tees for the present and for the futuresecurity.. Dj you ask whence comes the pow-er to secure these guarantees? Ians ver the power is inherent in theGovernment itself to preserve its ex-istence, to maintain its authority, toexecute its provisions. If not express-ed it is there is self-eviden- t, is self-existin-g.

It is the God.given right ofself preservation which is in all Gov-ernments. The power exists withinthis Government to preserve itelf;if nit expressed it is implied. It isthere. The right to exist Implies thepower to preserve. The end to be at-tained implies the right to do that

which Is necessary fo attain ft. It ialawful to execute all the proTisfocs efthe Constitution to save Govern raenl ;it lthe sovereignty of government,and if it is not set forth in statutory ?rconstitutional form. It cxiU Ij thishigher ground, that there is pOTverwithin the Government to secure lLown self protection and n,

which is to the Government. asthe right ot self-defens- e to the indi-vidual. England has no written con-stitution, but she hasantrong Govern-ment. The principle lies at the foun-dation of all government, the right topreserve it3 own existence, and in theabsence of it all governments mustfail. It is the common law ofgovern-ment. That government'which can-not sustain itelf is a failure... Thatgovernment which cannot protect thorights of its citizens is a mockery. '

If the State fails to do this, then thaUnited States must enable her to do it,or compel her if it Is a voluntary fail-ure, for the United States are sover-- If

the failure results from want ofpotrereign and the State but a canstitupatpart. In the absence of this principalof the Government the Union ni!l$. ,

But we are not left to inferentialgrants of powers. Section eight of thefirst article of the Constiiution of theUnited States declares that ,

The Congress shall have power to makeall laws which shall be necessary and prtrnfor carrying Into execution the foregoingpowers, and all other ixiwers vest-- d by tiiUConstitution In the Government of the Unit-ed States, or any Deportment oncer there-of.

The foregoing powers and all otherpowers vested in the Governmentmust be execute.!, in order toforraa

'

more perfect union in Virginia; inorder to establish justice In Virginia;in order to insure domestic tranquilityin Virginia; in order to providrforthe common defense In Virginia inorder to promote the general welfarein Virginia; In order to secure thoblessings of liberty to the people ofVirginia, and to the posterity forex-e- r.

If Virginia has not secured thesoobjects for her people then the powersnecessary to secure them must be ex-ecuted? and Congress mu8t be jnakothe law requisite for their execution.The day of State rights dogmas hacome to an end. There i3 a nationalGovernment, a central Government,to which States must yield the su-premacy. I claim for the Governmentthe exercise of this power in the cajof a State which has not rebelled, 5

How much strongerand more substan-tial is the claim for its exercise la thecase of a State which has severed itrelations with the Union and destroy-ed all civil government. -

But there Is further authority in thoConstitution for this intervention,this interposition of Federal power.Section four, article four, declaresthat

The United States shall guarantee to eve-State- in

this Lnlou a Republican form ofGovernment." .

There can be no dispute on'thUproposition, namely, that Congress Uthe power to execute this trust, this-guarante-

and it is equally clear. thatCongress must determine the mode-manne-r

of its execution, what is to bedone, how is it to be done, and whenis it to be done? It may be done brlegislation, and It may be by refusingrepresentation. It id, of course, JefVto Congress to determine what is aRepublican form of Government;that being determined its duty isbinding to see that such a governmentIs enforced in all the States. Underthi3 constitutional trust the obligationrests upon Congress to make sure tryitthat sucn a government is establishedin Virginia. A failure to accompli!this result is a failure of war for theUnion. We are charged with highand responsible trusts; we must seothat they are faithfully executed.No clamor for Immediate admCisionshould shut our eves to the danger ofsuch admission. It was the commandof the American p ople that the re-construction laws should be completef-l- v

and effectually executed, tosecorathe rights and liberties of all the citi-zens of the Republic. Let reconstruc-tion be radical, sure, eomnlpte andperpetual ; then the war for the Unioawin indeed oe triumphant.

Mr. President I harbor no litteracwitoward the people of Virginia or thepeople of the South who were In thorebellion. lam actuated by ho vin-dictive feeline toward them, r nnlrask for equal laws, equal justice andequal proiection. we have shown,the people of the South that we wereready to take them bv the hand whonthey met us with a correspondingspirit; when they eeinced a disposi-tion to csrry out the reconstructionacts, and sustain them In rrrwvl faithwe would receive them with generousnearts and rorget the past. But untilI see that spirit in the neorjle of Vlr.ginia I shall withholemv vote fnr heradmission.

Danzer From Eatl n nta .ro1?rafmen advise that salt should bo takenWith IlUta. PSrwinllv trhon salon tnight. One time, says a writer, whileenjoying a visit from an Englishman,hickory nuts were served in the eve-ning, when my English friend calledfor salt, stating that he knew a case ofa woman eating heartily of nuts iuthe evenini?. who wns tafrpn Tlnionfi 1

ill. The celebrated Dr. Abernethywas Hfui ior, out it was alter he hadbecome too fond of his cup,, and howas not in a condition to go, He mat-tere- d

"Salt, salt," of which no noticewas taken. Next morning he .wentto this place, ami she was a corpse.He said that had they given her saltit Would have rplfpwould allow him to make' an ex-amination he would convince theau -

un opening the stomach the nuU 'Were fonriii In miiaa lla in.iniri4 o3

salt on thi. nnr! Iriimor'ofolt- - if tt .

solved. Journal fo Jleaftfi. ' 0

A gentleman was one day open ina box of dry good. His little son

'-

vh.i siauuing near, ana as his father-too- k

the packages from the box, htvlaid some of them upon the arm of,the boy. A little friend and play.mate of the merchant's son wa-- i ,standing by looking on. As packageafter package was laid upon the ana' . :of the boy, his little friend began to jfear his load was becoming too heavy e

and said: , ,

"Johnny, dont you think ycuN-f- t ' 'got as much as you can carry V

"Never mind," dear little Johnnvanswered in a sweet, hsypy tone",,'father knows how much, I eau carry,1

Brave, trusting littUfihvv! Hedid not grow restless or Impatient o

under the burden,, heavy though ifdoubtless seemed. There was no)danger, he felt, that his fa her would,lay a load on him too heavy for hiwHis father knew his strength," ' or 5

rather the weakness of that l;tU- - urtn."and would not overtailc If. IJorethan miLhis father loved ljim, and thprtXore could nooujiriii mill.

It U suiih a spirit of lovlrjg trust In blm thatlGod tWlrea ail his children t possess. H'says: 'txeept ye be converted, and beomuiyas little children, ye shall not enter the King-dom of I leaven." -

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