aditya k. jagannatham indian institute of technology kanpur … · 2019-11-13 · aditya k....
TRANSCRIPT
LTE WLAN B OOLTE, WLAN, BLUETOOTH ANDFUTUREFUTURE
Aditya K. JagannathamIndian Institute of Technology KanpurIndian Institute of Technology KanpurCommonwealth of Learning Vancouver
MOOC on M4D 2013
4G LTE4G LTE• LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the 4G wireless cellular standard developed by the 3GPP (3rdG i P hi P j )Generation Partnership Project) alliance
• 3GPP is the group which also oversaw the development of
(UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) S d dStandard– In that sense LTE is an Evolution of UMTS
MOOC on M4D 2013
UMTS
LTELTE
• The corresponding evolution of the core network comprising of the GPRS/3G Packet p gcore is termed as SAE (System Architecture Evolution)Evolution)
MOOC on M4D 2013
Aims of LTEAims of LTE
• LTE is mainly aimed at meeting the high demand for data access over wireless networks
• These include applications such as• These include applications such as– Online Gaming with Multimedia– Mobile TV– Broadband content streaming such as videos, g ,movies etc
MOOC on M4D 2013
LTE Timeline
2000 3GPP Release 99 Air Interface
2001 3GPP Release 4/ Deployed in Japan2001 3GPP Release 4/ Deployed in Japan
2002 3GPP Release 5, IMS, HSDPA, Commercial Deployment in Europe
2004 3GPP Release 6, HSDPA, MBMS, Work started on LTE
2007 3GPP Release 7, HSPA+, VOIP
2008 Preliminary version with Release 8
2010 Targeted first deployment
MOOC on M4D 2013
2010 Targeted first deployment
Cellular Data Rate EvolutionCellular Data Rate Evolution3GPP R99 3GPP R5 3GPP R6 3GPP R7 3GPP R8
LTE: 160 MbpsHSPA: 42 Mbps
LTE: 50 Mbps
28 MbpsDL Peak Rate
14 Mbps11 Mbps
DL Peak Rate
0.4 Mbps
14 Mbps 5.7 Mbps
MOOC on M4D 2013
p
0.4 Mbps
0.4 Mbps UL Peak Rate
LTE FeaturesLTE Features• Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division ( g q yMultiplexing)– Built for High Speed broadband Wireless Accessg p
• High spectral Efficiency – Up to 6 bits/ symbol (64 QAM)( Q )
• Very high data rates – Approximately 200‐ 300 Mbps in the downlink and 50‐100 Mbps in theMbps in the downlink and 50 100 Mbps in the uplink
• Supports TDD (Time Division Duplexing) and• Supports TDD (Time Division Duplexing) and Frequency Division Duplexing
MOOC on M4D 2013
LTE FeaturesLTE Features• Bandwidth Scalability – 1 4 MHz to 20 MHzBandwidth Scalability 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz, depending on availability of spectrum
• Supports multiple and Advanced antenna processing.p g– In particular, MIMO can be used to achieve high data ratesdata rates
• All interfaces and backhaul based on IP– Easy to integrate with existing internet based service infrastructure
MOOC on M4D 2013
LTE FeaturesLTE Features• QoS Aspects – Ensures strict quality of serviceQoS Aspects Ensures strict quality of service compliance with all services such as voice quality video quality delay and latency inquality, video quality, delay and latency in video streaming etc
• Seamless roaming over existing 2G and 3G networks– Backward compatibility where 4G infrastructure does not existdoes not exist
MOOC on M4D 2013
WILRELESS LAN – WIFI, 802.11 STANDARDS,
MOOC on M4D 2013
Wireless LANWireless LAN• With LANs (Local Area Networks), primarily p ybased on Ethernet, becoming popular in the late 90s the stage was set for thelate 90s, the stage was set for the development of wireless LANs
A th i li i t ti f LAN d– As the name implies, integration of LAN and wireless technologies
• Provide flexibility and mobility in indoor environment
MOOC on M4D 2013
WiFi ArchitectureWiFi ArchitectureWiFi
WiFi
Wireless LAN
Internet Device WiFiDevice
WiFiDevice
WiFiWiFiDevice
WiFiDevice
ADSL ModemDevice
WiFiDevice
WiFiAccessP i
MOOC on M4D 2013
WiFiDevice
PointServer
Wireless LANWireless LAN
• Typically operate in Unlicensed bands such as – ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) band( , , )– U‐NII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) bandInfrastructure) band
• This unlicensed nature allows for d l d d l b l i ldevelopment and deployment by multiple operators, vendors– Especially for educational and medical purposes
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLANWLAN
• WLANs can provide connectivity in hotspot areas, homes, offices etc.
• Typical settings includeC ff h i t t it h b f– Coffee shops, airports, transit hubs, conferences
– Universities, Schools, educational institutions– Offices, government institutions, Homes, community centres
MOOC on M4D 2013
802 11 Standards802.11 Standards
• WLANs are predominantly dominated by 802.11x based devices also termed as WiFi.
• The development of 802.11 suite of standards was led by IEEE (Institute ofstandards was led by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
• Various 802.11 standards are summarized in the next slide along with the timelinethe next slide along with the timeline
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLAN Technologies and TimelineWLAN Technologies and Timeline802 11 Year Bandwidth Data Rate Technology802.11 Standars
Year Bandwidth Data Rate Technology
802 11a 1999 20 MHz 6 54 Mbps OFDM (Orthogonal802.11a 1999 20 MHz 6‐54 Mbps OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing)p g)
802.11b 1999 20 MHz 1‐11 Mbps DSSS (Direct SequenceSpread Spectrum)p p
802.11g 2003 20 MHz 6‐54 Mbps OFDM, DSSS802.11n 2009 20, 40 MHz ~10 – 150 OFDM802.11n 2009 20, 40 MHz 10 150
MbpsOFDM
802.11 ac 2012 20‐160 MHz 850 Mbps OFDM
MOOC on M4D 2013
p
WLAN AdvantagesWLAN Advantages
• Advantages– Mobility, leads to higher efficiency and y, g yproductivity
– Cost effective ownership and installationCost effective ownership and installation (Compared to hard wired infrastructure) Enables dynamic network reconfigurability– Enables dynamic network reconfigurability(hardward software upgrades).
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLAN EquipmentWLAN Equipment• WLAN Adapterp• These provide an interface between the operating p gsystem and wireless radio signalsg– Typically PCMCIA, Card bus, PCI and USB.
• Allows laptops, desktops and other devices to connect to WLAN
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLAN EquipmentWLAN Equipment
• Access point• Equivalent of a LAN hubEquivalent of a LAN hub• Connected with the network backbone• Communicates with WLAN adapter through radio signal transmission from antennag
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLAN EquipmentWLAN Equipment
A P i• Access Point• Range approximately 20‐500 metres
• Supports approximately 15‐pp pp y100 users
• Multiple APs withMultiple APs with overlapping coverage necessary for uninterrupted y pconnectivity
MOOC on M4D 2013
WLAN EquipmentWLAN Equipment
• WLAN Bridges• Provide wireless connectivity between twoProvide wireless connectivity between two WLAN networksR d h f d l i i d• Reduces the cost of deploying wired infrastructure
MOOC on M4D 2013
IEEE 802 11 ArchitectureIEEE 802.11 Architecture
• Two types of 802.11 architecture• Infrastructure NetworkInfrastructure Network
– Several devices connect to an access pointA i i f b– Access point serves as point of contact between network and each device
• This is the most popular configuration
MOOC on M4D 2013
IEEE 802 11 ArchitectureIEEE 802.11 Architecture
• Point‐to‐Point (Ad hoc Network)– Creates and supports mutual communication ppbetween different wireless clients
– Does not require access pointsDoes not require access points– Also, commonly known as a peer to peer networknetwork
MOOC on M4D 2013
IEEE 802 11 ArchitectureIEEE 802.11 ArchitectureWiFi
WiFi WiFi
Device
WiFiDevice
WiFiDevice
WiFiDevice WiFiDevice
WiFiDevice
Device
Device
Ad hoc Network
MOOC on M4D 2013
Ad hoc Network
802 11 Channel Spacing802.11 Channel Spacing
• Channel Spacing looks as below– 22 MHz channels placed 25 MHz apartp p
Minimum Channel Spacing Between Center
25 MHz 25 MHz
Spacing Between Center Frequencies
#1 #6 #11
2.4 GHz 22MHz2.412 GHz 2.462 GHz
MOOC on M4D 20132.437 GHz
WPAN BLUETOOTH
MOOC on M4D 2013
WPANWPAN
• WPAN stands for Wireless Personal Area Networks
• Bluetooth is one of the dominant WPANdominant WPAN standards– The technical number for Bluetooth is IEEE 802.15.1
MOOC on M4D 2013
BluetoothBluetooth
Bl h i i d d• Bluetooth is intended as a cable replacement t h ltechnology
• Supports a small area ad hoc (network (ie no fixed
infrastucture)• Connects devices such as,
– PDAs, Printers, Cellphones, Storage Devices, Set‐top boxes etc
MOOC on M4D 2013
Bluetooth CharacteristicsBluetooth CharacteristicsHeadset
• Low power consumption – Ideal for miniature Mobile
Phone
Headset
Tablet/ PDA
devices• Range 0 10 m SmallLaptop/
Phone
• Range 0 – 10 m – Small scale networks
p p/Computer
Laptop
• Rates – 20 – 100 Kbps approximately
Printer
Mouse approximatelyMouse
MOOC on M4D 2013
Bluetooth CharacteristicsBluetooth Characteristics
• Size ‐ ~ 1 inch• Low cost ~ 10 – 100$Low cost 10 100$• Multiple networks and multiple devices
– Minimum Interference
MOOC on M4D 2013
FUTURE WIRELESSFUTURE WIRELESSTECHNOLOGIES
MOOC on M4D 2013
Future Wireless TechnologiesFuture Wireless Technologies
• LTE Advanced – Advanced 4G Wireless Technologygy
• Scalable bandwidth up to 100 MHzC bl f S i d 3 3• Capable of Supporting data rates up to 3.3 Gbps
MOOC on M4D 2013
Future Wireless TechnologiesFuture Wireless Technologies
• Cognitive Radio• Interesting Radio paradigm based onInteresting Radio paradigm based on Dynamic Spectrum Allocation
E h th ffi i d t fi d– Enhances the efficiency compared to fixed spectrum allocation
• Based on components reconfigurable in software– Software Defined Radio
MOOC on M4D 2013