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Acquisitions List May 2013 New Books and Journal Articles

Liste d’acquisitions Mai 2013 Nouveaux livres et articles de revues

 

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    How to borrow items from the list below : As a member of the NATO HQ staff you can borrow books (Type: M) for one month, journals (Type: ART) and reference works (Type: REF) for one week. Individuals not belonging to NATO staff can borrow books through their local library via the interlibrary loan system. How to obtain the Multimedia Library publications : All Library publications are available both on the NATO Intranet and Internet websites. Comment emprunter les documents cités ci-dessous : En tant que membre du personnel de l'OTAN vous pouvez emprunter les livres (Type: M) pour un mois, les revues (Type: ART) et les ouvrages de référence (Type: REF) pour une semaine. Les personnes n'appartenant pas au personnel de l'OTAN peuvent s'adresser à leur bibliothèque locale et emprunter les livres via le système de prêt interbibliothèques. Comment obtenir les publications de la Bibliothèque multimédia : Toutes les publications de la Bibliothèque sont disponibles sur les sites Intranet et Internet de l’OTAN.

 

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Index

AFGHANISTAN--HISTORY--BRITISH INTERVENTION, 1838-1842, 6 AFRICA, NORTH--FOREIGN RELATIONS--AFRICA, SUB-SAHARAN, 6 AFRICAN UNION, 7 ARAB SPRING, 2010-, 23 ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT--1993---PEACE--USA, 23 ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT--USA, 23 ASIA, CENTRAL--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 7 BALKAN PENINSULA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 24 BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSES--USA, 8, 24 CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (1993), 8 CHINA--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 9, 24 CHINA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--KOREA (NORTH), 25 CHINA--MILITARY POLICY, 9 CHINA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 25 CIVIL-MILITARY COOPERATION, 25 CONFLICT MANAGEMENT, 10 CONSTITUTIONAL LAW--EGYPT, 25 CORRUPTION, 26 COUNTERINSURGENCY--IRAQ, 10 CRISIS MANAGEMENT--EU, 26 DEMOCRACY, 11 DEMOCRATIZATION--CHINA, 26 DRONE AIRCRAFT--USA, 27 ECONOMIC SANCTIONS, EUROPEAN--IRAN, 28 ELECTIONS--GEORGIA (REPUBLIC), 28 ENERGY POLICY--RUSSIA (FEDERATION), 28 ENERGY POLICY--USA, 29 EU--CHINA, 12 EU--EEAS, 29 EU--RUSSIA (FEDERATION), 29 EU--TURKEY, 12, 30 EXCLAVES--RUSSIA (FEDERATION), 30 FRANCE--ARMED FORCES--MALI, 30 FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--AFRICA, 30 FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ARAB COUNTRIES, 31 FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY, 12, 31 HIGHLY ENRICHED URANIUM, 13 INFORMATION WARFARE, 13, 31 INTELLIGENCE SERVICE--FRANCE, 15 INTERNAL SECURITY, 33

 

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INTERVENTION (INTERNATIONAL LAW)--FRANCE, 33 IRAN--FOREIGN RELATIONS--TURKEY, 34 IRAQ WAR, 2003-2011, 34 IRAQ--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 34 ISLAM AND POLITICS, 35 ISRAEL--ARMED FORCES--POLITICAL ACTIVITY, 15 ISRAEL--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 35 ISRAEL--MILITARY POLICY, 35 JAPAN--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA, 36 KURDISTAN (IRAQ)--HISTORY--AUTONOMY AND INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS, 36 LIBYA--HISTORY--CIVIL WAR, 2011-, 37 MALWARE (COMPUTER SOFTWARE)--IRAN, 37 MASS MEDIA, 16 MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE, 38 MUSLIMS--EUROPE, 38 NATIONALISM, 18 NATION-BUILDING, 16 NATION-BUILDING--BALKAN PENINSULA, 17 NATION-BUILDING--USA, 17 NATO, 18, 38 NATO--AFRICAN UNION, 18 NATO--ARMED FORCES--NRF, 38 NATO--INTERNATIONAL MILITARY STAFF, 39 NATO--STRATEGIC ASPECTS--NEW STRATEGIC CONCEPT, 2010, 39 NEUTRALITY--AFGHANISTAN, 39 NEW START, 39 NUCLEAR DETERRENCE, 40 NUCLEAR DETERRENCE--PAKISTAN, 40 NUCLEAR ENERGY, 40 NUCLEAR WEAPONS--GOVERNMENT POLICY--IRAN, 40 NUCLEAR WEAPONS--GOVERNMENT POLICY--USA, 41 NUCLEAR WEAPONS--PAKISTAN--SECURITY MEASURES, 41 NUCLEAR-WEAPON-FREE ZONES--MIDDLE EAST, 41 ORGANIZED CRIME, 41 ORGANIZED CRIME--USA--PREVENTION, 42 OSCE, 42 PAKISTAN--ARMED FORCES, 42 PAKISTAN--BOUNDARIES--AFGHANISTAN, 42 PAKISTAN--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 43 PEACE-BUILDING, 43 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND TRADE--KAZAKHSTAN, 43 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND TRADE--KURDISTAN (IRAQ), 44 PIRACY--SOMALIA, 18 PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES, 44 PROTEST MOVEMENTS, 45 QATAR--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 45 RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT (INTERNATIONAL LAW), 45 RIGHT-WING EXTREMISTS--EUROPE, 46 RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--ARMED FORCES--PROCUREMENT, 46 RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 47 RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN, 47 RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ISRAEL, 47 RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--MIDDLE EAST, 48 RUSSIAN FAR EAST (RUSSIA)--ECONOMIC POLICY, 48

 

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SCOTLAND--MILITARY POLICY, 48 SEA-POWER--USA, 19 SOVEREIGNTY, 49 STATES, SMALL--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 49 STRATEGY, 19, 50 SWITZERLAND--MILITARY POLICY, 50 SYRIA--HISTORY--PROTESTS, 2011-, 50 TARGETED KILLING (INTERNATIONAL LAW), 20 TERRORISM, 51 TRANSNATIONAL CRIME, 51 TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 52 TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN, 21 TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ISRAEL, 52 TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--SYRIA, 52 UKRAINE--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 53 UNITED NATIONS--PEACEKEEPING FORCES, 21, 53 USA. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY, 56 USA--ARMED FORCES--ARMORED TROOPS, 53 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 53 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA, 54 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--EGYPT, 22 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN, 54 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--MIDDLE EAST, 54 USA--MILITARY RELATIONS--CHINA, 55 USA--MILITARY RELATIONS--EAST ASIA, 55 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION--LIBYA, 56 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION--USA, 56 WMD NONPROLIFERATION--MIDDLE EAST, 57 WOMEN AND THE MILITARY--USA, 57

 

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New Books Nouveaux livres

AFGHANISTAN--HISTORY--BRITISH INTERVENTION, 1838-1842 The Return of a King : The Battle for Afghanistan, 1839-42 / by William Dalrymple. - 1st ed. - New York : Knopf, 2013. xxxviii, 515 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm. ID number: 80024883 Type: M Call Number: 958 /00018 ISBN: 9780307958280 Author(s): 1. Dalrymple, William Bibliography: p. 483-497. Includes index. 'With access to newly discovered primary sources from archives in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Russia and India - including a series of previously untranslated Afghan epic poems and biographies - the author gives us the most immediate and comprehensive account yet of the spectacular first battle for Afghanistan : the British invasion of the remote kingdom in 1839.' AFRICA, NORTH--FOREIGN RELATIONS--AFRICA, SUB-SAHARAN Le Maghreb et son Sud : vers des liens renouveles. - Paris : CNRS Editions, 2012. 241 pages ; 23 cm. ID number: 80024900 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01642 ISBN: 9782271076656 Includes index. 'La colonisation a balkanise l'Afrique !', accusent les dirigeants d'un continent qui se fixent pour projet officiel de (re)trouver une unite perdue. Le Sahara est-il un obstacle objectif, definitif, a cette unite ? Non, si l'on en croit les syntheses ici presentees sur les strategies des pays du Maghreb en direction de leur Sud et sur les relations de toutes natures entre le Maghreb et l'Afrique sub-saharienne. Politiques africaines de l'Algerie et du Maroc, politique de l'Afrique du Sud vis-a-vis du Maghreb, mutations de la geopolitique saharienne apres l'effondrement du regime libyen, consequences pour la region de la secession d'un Nord-Mali controle par les islamistes radicaux, importance des echanges economiques (formels et informels) et des echanges humains de part et d'autre du Sahara : tous ces themes, ici traites par des specialistes reconnus, eclairent sous differents jours les relations entre le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne. Ils revelent que les migrants subsahariens qui s'installent desormais dans les pays du Maghreb ne font qu'exprimer l'unite croissante d'un espace jusqu'ici renvoye a des logiques geopolitiques divergentes, et renouvellent aussi la vision que nous, Europeens, pouvons avoir de notre Sud.'

 

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AFRICAN UNION From Chaos to Cohesion : A Regional Approach to Security, Stability, and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa / by Diane E. Chido. - Carlisle, PA : US Army War College, 2013. vii, 50 pages ; 23 cm. (Letort Papers) ID number: 80024897 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01820 ISBN: 1584875631 Author(s): 1. Chido, Diane E. 'Prevention is the key to effective policies in Africa, whether the issue is equitable resource exploitation, ethnic conflict, infectious diseases, or famine. African Regional Economic Communities (RECs) have moved beyond their initial purpose of a loose confederation of trading partners to become increasingly effective supranational bodies promoting financial, political, and security stabilization in each of their regions. Looking at each of the RECs, their power centers, and areas of weakness, policymakers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the sometimes symbiotic and often destructive dynamics within and among African states to seek more effective strategic and regional, not national, approaches. This monograph suggests USAFRICOM is uniquely positioned to help design a path to spearhead a pan-African strategy highly likely to have the net long-term effect of attaining considerable competitive advantage for the U.S. economically, militarily, and politically, with a corresponding increase in stability, security, and economic opportunity for the entire continent.' ASIA, CENTRAL--FOREIGN RELATIONS Central Asia and the Rise of Normative Powers : Contextualizing the Security Governance of the European Union, China, and India / by Emilian Kavalski. - New York : Bloomsbury, 2012. ix, 232 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024888 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01644 ISBN: 9781441173881 Author(s): 1. Kavalski, Emilian Bibliography: p. 194-224. Includes index. 'This book offers a unique analytical investigation of the international politics of the EU, China, and India in the context of their security strategies in Central Asia. It shows how the interaction between these three actors is likely to change the frameworks and practices of international relations. This is studied through their interactions with central Asia, using the framework of normative powers and the concept of regional security governance. Briefly, a normative power shapes a target state's attitudes and perceptions as it internalizes and adopts the perspectives of the normative power as the norm. The work comparatively studies the dynamics that have allowed Beijing, Brussels, and New Delhi to articulate security mechanisms in Central Asia, and become rising normative powers. This innovative study does not aim to catalog foreign policies, but to uncover the dominant perceptions, cognitive structures and practices that guide these actors' regional agency, as exemplified through the context of Central Asia.'

 

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BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSES--USA Ballistic Missile Defence and US National Security Policy : Normalisation and Acceptance after the Cold War / by Andrew Futter. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2013. 226 pages ; 24 cm. (Routledge Global Security Studies) ID number: 80024872 Type: M Call Number: 623 /01174 ISBN: 9780415817325 Author(s): 1. Futter, Andrew, 1983- Bibliography: p. 206-223. Includes index. 'This book examines the transformation in US thinking about the role of Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) in national security policy since the end of the Cold War. The evolution of the BMD debate after the Cold War has been complex, complicated and punctuated. As this book shows, the debate and subsequent policy choices would often appear to reflect neither the particular requirements of the international system for US security at any given time, nor indeed the current capabilities of BMD technology. This book traces the evolution of policy from the zero-sum debates that surrounded the Strategic Defense Initiative as Ronald Reagan left office, up to the relative political consensus that exists around a limited BMD deployment in 2012. The book shows how and why policy evolved in such a complex manner during this period, and explains the strategic reasoning and political pressures shaping BMD policy under each of the presidents who have held office since 1989. Ultimately, this volume demonstrates how relative advancements in technology, combined with growth in the perceived missile threat, gradually shifted the contours and rhythm of the domestic missile defence debate in the US towards acceptance and normalisation.' CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (1993) The Future of the CWC in the Post-Destruction Phase. - Paris : European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2013. 63 pages ; 24 cm. (Report ; 15) ID number: 80024868 Type: M Call Number: 327.3 /00712 ISBN: 9789291982219 'Since the entry into force of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1997, much progress has been made in destroying existing stockpiles of chemical weapons. However, the CWC is faced with new threats and challenges due to advances in science and technology and the changing international security, political and economic environment. On the eve of the Third Review Conference of the treaty, this report examines some of the most pressing challenges facing the CWC over the next decade.'

 

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CHINA--FOREIGN RELATIONS China Goes Global : The Partial Power / by David L. Shambaugh. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2013. xvi, 409 pages ; 25 cm. ID number: 80024891 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01640 ISBN: 9780199860142 Author(s): 1. Shambaugh, David L. Includes index. 'Most global citizens are well aware of the explosive growth of the Chinese economy. Indeed, China has famously become the 'workshop of the world'. Yet, while China watchers have shed much light on the country's internal dynamics - China's politics, its vast social changes, and its economic development - few have focused on how this increasingly powerful nation has become more active and assertive throughout the world. The author delivers here a sweeping account of China's growing prominence on the international stage. Thirty years ago, China's role in global affairs beyond its immediate East Asian periphery was decidedly minor and it had little geostrategic power. As the author charts, though, China's expanding economic power has allowed it to extend its reach virtually everywhere - from mineral mines in Africa, to currency markets in the West, to oilfields in the Middle East, to agribusiness in Latin America, to the factories of East Asia. The author offers an enlightening look into the manifestations of China's global ambitions : its extensive commercial footprint, its growing military power, its increasing cultural influence or 'soft power', its diplomatic activity, and its new prominence in global governance institutions. But he is no alarmist. In this balanced and well-researched volume, he argues that China's global presence is more broad than deep and that China still lacks the influence befitting a major world power - what he terms a 'partial power'. He draws on his decades of China-watching and his deep knowledge of the subject, and exploits a wide variety of previously untapped sources, to shed valuable light on China's current and future roles in world affairs.' CHINA--MILITARY POLICY Annual Report to Congress : Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2013. - [s.l.] : Office of the Secretary of Defense, 2013. 83 pages : illustrations ; 30 cm. ID number: 80024904 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01379 China's Forbearance Has Limits : Chinese Threat and Retaliation Signaling and Its Implications for a Sino-American Military Confrontation / by Paul H. B. Godwin, Alice L. Miller. - Washington : National Defense University Press, 2013. 109 pages ; 28 cm. (China Strategic Perspectives ; 6) ID number: 80024907 Type: M Call Number: 355 /00619 Author(s): 1. Godwin, Paul H. B. 2. Miller, Alice L. 'Since its founding in 1949, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has employed military force in pursuit of its national interests in security and territorial integrity. In many such instances, Beijing has deployed a calculus of threat and retaliation signals, first to deter an adversary from taking actions contrary to Beijing's interests by threatening use of Chinese military force, and then, once

 

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deterrence has failed, to explain and justify Beijing's resort to military force. Beijing has carefully sustained this calibrated hierarchy of official protests, authoritative press comment, and leadership statements despite the sweeping changes in the PRC's place in the international order, the proliferation of foreign policy instruments at its disposal, and the dramatic evolution in the Chinese media over the decades. This study assesses the context and motivations of the PRC's use of military force since 1949. It then extracts Beijing's use of its calculus of warning statements in detail from several instances in which it has threatened and, in some cases, actually followed through with the use of military force to resolve a dispute. It offers several points to take into account in watching for and analyzing Beijing's use of this warnings calculus in contemporary contexts, and it offers a hypothetical scenario in which this calculus might appear in the context of China's claims in the South China Sea.' CONFLICT MANAGEMENT New Technology and the Prevention of Violence and Conflict. - New York : International Peace Institute, 2013. iv, 94 pages : illustrations ; 30 cm. ID number: 80024878 Type: M Call Number: 327.5 /00510 'This report explores the ways in which new information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the data they generate can assist international actors, governments, and civil society organizations to more effectively prevent violence and conflict. It examines the contributions that cell phones, social media, crowdsourcing, crisis mapping, blogging, and big data analytics can make to short-term efforts to forestall crises and to long-term initiatives to address the root causes of violence. Five case studies assess the use of such tools in a variety of regions (Africa, Asia, Latin America) experiencing different types of violence (criminal violence, election-related violence, armed conflict, short-term crisis) in different political contexts (restrictive and collaborative governments).' COUNTERINSURGENCY--IRAQ Governance, Identity, and Counterinsurgency : Evidence from Ramadi and Tal Afar / by Michael Fitzsimmons. - Carlisle, PA : US Army War College, 2013. xv, 166 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm ID number: 80024898 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01821 ISBN: 1584875674 Author(s): 1. Fitzsimmons, Michael 'The premise of most Western thinking on counterinsurgency is that success depends on establishing a perception of legitimacy among local populations. The path to legitimacy is often seen as the improvement of governance in the form of effective and efficient administration of government and public services. However, good governance is not the only possible basis for claims to legitimacy. The author considers whether, in insurgencies where ethno-religious identities are salient, claims to legitimacy may rest more on the identity of who governs, rather than on how whoever governs governs. This monograph presents an analytic framework for examining these issues and then applies that framework to two detailed local case studies of American counterinsurgency operations in Iraq : Ramadi from 2004-05; and Tal Afar from 2005-06. These case studies are based on primary research, including dozens of interviews with participants and eyewitnesses. The cases yield ample evidence that ethno-religious identity politics do shape counterinsurgency outcomes in important ways, and also offer

 

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qualified support for the argument that addressing identity politics may be more critical than good governance to counterinsurgent success. Key policy implications include the importance of making strategy development as sensitive as possible to the dynamics of identity politics, and to local variations and complexity in causal relationships among popular loyalties, grievances, and political violence.' DEMOCRACY Democracy Index 2012 : Democracy at a Standstill. - 5th ed. - London : Economist Intelligence Unit, 2013. 42 pages : illustrations ; 30 cm. ID number: 80024877 Type: M Call Number: 321 /00872 'This index provides a snapshot of the state of democracy worldwide for 165 independent states and two territories. The Democracy index is based on five categories : electoral process and pluralism; civil liberties; the functioning of government; political participation; and political culture. Countries are placed within one of four types of regimes : full democracies; flawed democracies; hybrid regimes; and authoritarian regimes.' Democratie et autoritarisme / by Guy Hermet. - Paris : Editions du Cerf, 2012. 262 pages ; 22 cm. ID number: 80024901 Type: M Call Number: 321 /00876 ISBN: 9782204099356 Author(s): 1. Hermet, Guy Bibliography: p. 257-259. 'Consideree comme le destin indepassable de l'humanite, la democratie se trouve pourtant loin d'etre une realite pour la masse des habitants de la planete. Pour preuve, nous n'avons qu'a penser au defi terrifiant adresse aux democraties par les totalitarismes communiste, fasciste et nazi. Il est pourtant rarement question d'une autre espece de dictature, moins monstrueuse mais tout aussi etrangere a la democratie, que furent et que sont toujours les gouvernements autoritaires modernes. Apparus au milieu du XIXe siecle avec le Second Empire de Napoleon III et le Reich du chancelier Bismarck - et toujours en vigueur aujourd'hui ou il y a peu d'annees en Europe, en Amerique latine, en Asie ou dans le monde arabe - , ces autoritarismes ont obei a un modele propre. Ils ont retarde l'avenement de la democratie tout en rivalisant avec elle, mais egalement en apportant, qu'on le veuille ou non, leur pierre a la modernite de nombreux pays. Certains gouvernements autoritaires ont en effet laisse parfois une trace positive non negligeable. En Allemagne, le semi-dictateur que fut le chancelier Bismarck inventa l'Etat providence imite ensuite dans toute l'Europe. Plus tard, le regime du general Franco fut a l'origine de la monarchie democratique du roi Juan Carlos. De son cote, le Chili ne doit-il pas a la politique economique du general Pinochet sa reussite economique sans egale en Amerique latine ? Quant a la stupefiante prosperite de Singapour, elle est sans conteste le fruit de la main de fer du president Lee Kuan Yew.'

 

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EU--CHINA Brussels - Beijing : Changing the Game ?. - Paris : European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2013. 91 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. (Report ; 14) ID number: 80024867 Type: M Call Number: 441 /00246 ISBN: 9789291982202 'The contributors to this report evaluate whether the EU has been able to devise a coherent approach towards Beijing, identifying the next steps that could be adopted so as to better promote the Union's interests and values and avoid internal divisions over China.' EU--TURKEY Turkey's Accession to the European Union : Political and Economic Challenges. - Lanham, MD : Lexington Books, 2013. xii, 340 pages ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024871 Type: M Call Number: 441 /00245 ISBN: 9780739179819 Includes index. 'Although Turkey yearns for European Union membership and has been a candidate for more than a decade, relations between the EU and Turkey have not received much attention from non-Turkish researchers, and consequently the international literature on EU-Turkey relations is rather limited. In light of recent global economic and political challenges for the EU and Turkey, a need has emerged for an interdisciplinary approach to study EU-Turkey relations within the wider international political and economic context. This book provides a timely overview of some of the most important issues and debates in the changing context of Europe, the change in domestic politics and foreign policy in Turkey, and the likely implications of these changes and developments for EU-Turkey relations. Within this framework, this collection includes articles emphasizing Turkey's reform process with a view to EU accession, despite the EU's reservations about 'absorbing' Turkey, and the eventual decoupling of the Turkish reform process from European integration, as well as the search for alternative forms of cooperation or transitional arrangements which may be possible for Turkey at the time of accession. With Turkey becoming increasingly influential in the region, this book is an essential and much-needed contribution to the literature of Turkey-EU relations.' FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY Que reste-t-il du couple franco-allemand ? / by Claire Calla, Claire Demesmay. - Paris : Documentation Francaise, 2013. 180 pages : illustrations ; 18 cm. ID number: 80024899 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01643 ISBN: 9782110088987 Author(s): 1. Calla, Claire 2. Demesmay, Claire Bibliography: p. 169-174. 'Amorce a la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le rapprochement politique et civil entre la France et l'Allemagne reposait sur un savant equilibre. La chute du mur de Berlin et l'elargissement de l'Union europeenne, par leurs repercussions geopolitiques, ont modifie en profondeur ses fondements. L'affirmation politique d'une Allemagne unifiee et economique dynamique, sur fond de perte d'influence francaise, alimentent aujourd'hui les fantasmes. Nombreux sont les commentateurs qui, filant la metaphore conjugale, annoncent depuis quelques annees un divorce du couple franco-allemand. Sans minimiser

 

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les divergences passees et presentes entre les deux pays ni les defis qui les attendent dans un contexte de crises, les auteurs montrent que l'ancrage de leur relation au sein de la societe civile confere au couple franco-allemand une solidite au-dela des soubresauts politiques. Sans doute n'est-il plus desormais le moteur de la construction europeenne, mais ce couple demeure, aujourd'hui comme hier, incontournable pour la faire progresser. Pour retrouver un nouveau souffle, il lui faudra cependant innover et echapper aux ecueils du vase clos, de l'ennui et du repli.' HIGHLY ENRICHED URANIUM Nuclear Terrorism and Global Security : The Challenge of Phasing Out Highly Enriched Uranium. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2013. xviii, 238 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. (Routledge Global Security Studies) ID number: 80024886 Type: M Call Number: 623 /01175 ISBN: 9780415660686 Includes index. 'This book examines the prospects and challenges of a global phase-out of highly enriched uranium and the risks of this material otherwise being used by terrorists to make atom bombs. Terrorist groups, such as Al Qaeda, have demonstrated repeatedly that they seek to acquire nuclear weapons. Unbeknownst even to many security specialists, tons of bomb-grade uranium are trafficked legally each year for ostensibly peaceful purposes. If terrorists obtained even a tiny fraction of this bomb-grade uranium they could potentially construct a nuclear weapon like the one dropped on Hiroshima that killed tens of thousands. Nuclear experts and policymakers have long known of this danger but - so far - have taken only marginal steps to address it. This volume begins by highlighting the lessons of past successes where bomb-grade uranium commerce has been eliminated, such as from Argentina's manufacture of medical isotopes. It then explores the major challenges that still lie ahead : for example, Russia's continued use of highly enriched uranium (HEU) in dozens of nuclear facilities. Each of the book's thirteen case studies offers advice for reducing HEU in a specific sector. These insights are then amalgamated into eight concrete policy recommendations for U.S. and world leaders to promote a global phase-out of bomb-grade uranium.' INFORMATION WARFARE Do the Principles of War Apply to Cyber War ? / by David B. Farmer. - [s.l.] : Biblioscholar, 2012 ?. 60 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm. ID number: 80024893 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01819 ISBN: 9781286865910 Author(s): 1. Farmer, David B. Bibliography: p. 58-60. 'The purpose of this monograph is to examine whether the Principles of War, as defined within the US military's Joint Publication 3-0, Joint Operations, can be applied to cyber war. Since 2005, the US military recognized cyber conflict as a new domain for conducting military operations. Consequently, in order to ensure future success on the battlefield, commanders need to understand cyberspace operations and how these operations fit within the Principles of War. The methodology of this paper is to first examine, and subsequently show the history of the Principles of War in order to provide a context from which military personnel can then categorize cyberspace within the historic model. Such an examination is relevant because not only is US cyber policy and strategy currently being developed, but the United States is also standing up a United States Cyber Command for the first time

 

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in history. Having discussed the Principles of War and woven them across an understanding of cyber operations, one can then see that the current Principles of War do in fact apply to cyber war. There is no need to create new Principles of War that apply exclusively to the cyber domain.' Making Strategic Sense of Cyber Power : Why the Sky Is Not Falling / by Colin S. Gray. - Carlisle, PA : US Army War College, 2013. xi, 67 pages ; 23 cm ID number: 80024896 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01823 ISBN: 158487564X Author(s): 1. Gray, Colin S. 'Cyber is now recognized as an operational domain, but the theory that should explain it strategically is, for the most part, missing. It is one thing to know how to digitize; it is quite another to understand what digitization means strategically. The author maintains that, although the technical and tactical literature on cyber is abundant, strategic theoretical treatment is poor. He offers four conclusions : (1) cyber power will prove useful as an enabler of joint military operations; (2) cyber offense is likely to achieve some success, and the harm we suffer is most unlikely to be close to lethally damaging; (3) cyber power is only information and is only one way in which we collect, store, and transmit information; and, (4) it is clear enough today that the sky is not falling because of cyber peril. As a constructed environment, cyberspace is very much what we choose to make it. Once we shed our inappropriate awe of the scientific and technological novelty and wonder of it all, we ought to have little trouble realizing that as a strategic challenge we have met and succeeded against the like of networked computers and their electrons before. The whole record of strategic history says : Be respectful of, and adapt for, technical change, but do not panic.' Cyber War Will Not Take Place / by Thomas Rid. - London : Hurst, 2013. xvi, 218 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm. ID number: 80024870 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01817 ISBN: 9781849042802 Author(s): 1. Rid, Thomas, 1975- Bibliography: p. 199-205. Includes index. 'This book cuts through the hype and takes a fresh look at cyber security. The author argues that the focus on war and winning distracts from the real challenge of cyberspace : non-violent confrontation that may rival or even replace violence in surprising ways. The threat consists of three different vectors : espionage, sabotage, and subversion. The author traces the most significant hacks and attacks, exploring the full spectrum of case studies from the shadowy world of computer espionage and weaponised code. With a mix of technical detail and rigorous political analysis, the book explores some key questions : what are cyber weapons ? How have they changed the meaning of violence ? How likely and how dangerous is crowd-sourced subversive activity ? Why has there never been a lethal cyber attack against a country's critical infrastructure ? How serious is the threat of 'pure' cyber espionage, of exfiltrating data without infiltrating humans first ? And who is most vulnerable : which countries, industries, individuals ?'

 

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INTELLIGENCE SERVICE--FRANCE Les services secrets francais sont-ils nuls ? / by Eric Denece. - Paris : Ellipses, 2012. 392 pages ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024902 Type: M Call Number: 327.8 /00192 ISBN: 9782729876524 Author(s): 1. Denece, Eric Bibliography: p. 391-392. 'Les bouleversements geopolitiques majeurs survenus depuis la chute du mur de Berlin, puis les attentats du 11 septembre 2001 ont profondement accru le niveau d'incertitude de la vie internationale et les menaces qui pesent sur nos societes. Logiquement, le role du renseignement s'en est trouve renforce pour la securite des Etats. En consequence, dans la majorite des pays occidentaux, les moyens attribues aux services ont ete considerablement renforces, illustration du role de plus en plus determinant qu'ils jouent pour detecter les menaces. Comment la France se situe-t-elle dans cette evolution ? Quelle importance et quels moyens accorde-t-elle au renseignement ? Quelles sont la qualite et l'efficacite de ses services ? Joue-t-elle encore dans la cour des 'grands' ou n'est-elle qu'un acteur de second rang ? Cet ouvrage s'attache a une analyse approfondie du renseignement francais et n'hesite pas a mettre l'accent sur ses principales faiblesses. Il offre une vision sans concession de la place de nos services et du renseignement francais dans les institutions de la Ve Republique. Il dresse aussi un panorama unique de nos capacites, des efforts consentis et des progres realises au cours des deux dernieres decennies. Enfin, il met en lumiere l'absence dommageable de consideration pour le renseignement parmi les elites qui nous gouvernent, lesquelles rejettent toujours cette discipline indispensable a notre strategie politique et economique.' ISRAEL--ARMED FORCES--POLITICAL ACTIVITY Fortress Israel : The Inside Story of the Military Elite Who Run the Country and Why They Can't Make Peace / by Patrick Tyler. - 1st ed. - New York : Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012. 562 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024881 Type: M Call Number: 355 /00618 ISBN: 9780374281045 Author(s): 1. Tyler, Patrick Includes index. 'This is an epic portrayal of Israel's martial culture, an historical and analytical account of the role that Israel's military has played both in Israel itself and in the wider Middle East.'

 

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MASS MEDIA The Media in Transitional Democracies / by Katrin Voltmer. - Cambridge, UK : Polity, 2013. ix, 275 pages ; 24 cm. (Contemporary Political Communication) ID number: 80024882 Type: M Call Number: 659 /00151 ISBN: 9780745644585 Author(s): 1. Voltmer, Katrin Bibliography: p. 233-257. Includes index. 'The last quarter of a century has seen an unprecedented wave of democratization around the globe. In these transitions from authoritarian rule to a more democratic order, the media have played a key role both by facilitating, but frequently also inhibiting, democratic practices to take root. This book provides an accessible and systematic introduction to the media in transitional democracies. It analyses the problems that occur when transforming the media into independent institutions that are able to inform citizens and hold governments to account. It covers the following topics : normative conceptions of media and democracy; the role of the past in the transition process; the internet as a new space for democratic change; the persistence of political interference in emerging democracies; the interlocking power of media markets and political ownership; the challenges to journalistic professionalism in post-authoritarian contexts; the role of the media in divided societies. The book takes a global view by exploring the interplay of political and media transitions in different pathways of democratization that have taken place in Eastern Europe, Latin America, Africa, and Asia.' NATION-BUILDING Statebuilding : Consolidating Peace after Civil War / by Timothy D. Sisk. - Cambridge, UK : Polity, 2013. xiv, 215 pages ; 22 cm. (War and Conflict in the Modern World) ID number: 80024885 Type: M Call Number: 321 /00873 ISBN: 9780745661582 Author(s): 1. Sisk, Timothy D., 1960- Bibliograpy: p. 188-209. Includes index. 'After civil wars end, what sustains peace in the long term ? The consensus is that building authoritative, capable, and legitimate states - institutions of governance, or statebuilding - is the long term aim of building peace. Historically, modern states became consolidated following bloody struggles to establish the state's authority over warlords, traditional authorities, and lawless territories. In this book, the author explores post-Cold War and twenty-first century international efforts to help the world's most fragile post-civil war countries build viable states that can provide for security and deliver the basic services essential for development. Tracing the historical roots of statebuilding to the present day, he demonstrates how the United Nations, leading powers, and well-meaning donors have engaged in statebuilding as a strategic approach to peacebuilding after war. In particular, he addresses the vexing questions that arise when outsiders intervene to support the consolidation of durable conflict-managing institutions through statebuilding. Improving governance, alongside the state's ability to integrate social differences and manage conflicts over resources, identity, and national priorities, is essential for consolidating long-term peace. Whether the global statebuilding enterprise can succeed in creating a world of peaceful, well-governed, development-focused states is uncertain. But the book concludes with a road map toward a better global regime to enable peacebuilding and

 

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development-oriented statebuilding into the twenty-first century.' NATION-BUILDING--BALKAN PENINSULA The Politics of Nation-Building : Making Co-Nationals, Refugees, and Minorities / by Harris Mylonas. - Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2012. xxiii, 255 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. (Problems of International Politics) ID number: 80024889 Type: M Call Number: 321 /00874 ISBN: 9781107020450 Author(s): 1. Mylonas, Harris, 1978- Bibliography: p. 219-243. Includes index. 'What drives a state's choice to assimilate, accommodate, or exclude ethnic groups within its territory ? In this book, the author argues that a state's nation-building policies toward non-core groups - any aggregation of individuals perceived as an unassimilated ethnic group by the ruling elite of a state - are influenced by both its foreign policy goals and its relations with the external patrons of these groups. Through a detailed study of the Balkans, the author shows that the way a state treats a non-core group within its own borders is determined largely by whether the state's foreign policy is revisionist or cleaves to the international status quo, and whether it is allied or in rivalry with that group's external patrons. He explores the effects of external involvement on the salience of cultural differences and the planning of nation-building policies. The book injects international politics into the study of nation-building, building a bridge between international relations and the comparative politics of ethnicity and nationalism. This is the first book to explain systematically how the politics of ethnicity in the international arena determine which groups are assimilated, accommodated, or annihilated by their host states.' NATION-BUILDING--USA The Evolving Role of Nation-Building in US Foreign Policy : Lessons Learned, Lessons Lost / by Thomas R. Seitz. - Manchester, UK : Manchester University Press, 2012. x, 171 pages ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024887 Type: M Call Number: 321 /00875 ISBN: 9780719087509 Author(s): 1. Seitz, Thomas R. Bibliography: p. 158-166. Includes index. 'This book explores the processes through which America's nation-building approaches originated and developed over the last seven decades, and the concepts and motivations that shaped them. Weaving together international relations theory and a rich history drawn from declassified documents, interviews and other primary sources, this book contributes to theoretical discussions of nation-building while offering a critique of Realist and Critical Security School analyses of US policy in the developing world. How and why did the United States get involved in nation-building overseas, and how have these policies evolved ? How has Washington understood the relationship between development abroad and security at home, and how has this translated into policy ? In exploring these questions, the author details the conceptual relationship between security, order and development in IR theory, and how this conceptualisation can be shaped by the assumptions underpinning an international actor's own political culture. The book illuminates lessons relevant to today's nation-building, crisis management, stability, 'good governance' and reconstruction missions, and makes a significant contribution to

 

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current policy debates in the field of international relations, particularly in security studies and foreign policy analysis.' NATIONALISM Nationalism and War. - Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2013. xiii, 371 pages : ill. ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024884 Type: M Call Number: 323 /01332 ISBN: 9781107034754 Includes index. 'Has the emergence of nationalism made warfare more brutal ? Does strong nationalist identification increase efficiency in fighting ? Is nationalism the cause or the consequence of the breakdown of imperialism ? What is the role of victories and defeats in the formation of national identities ? The relationship between nationalism and warfare is complex, and it changes depending on which historical period and geographical context is in question. In this book, some of the world's leading social scientists and historians explore the nature of the connection between the two. Through empirical studies from a broad range of countries, they explore the impact that imperial legacies, education, welfare regimes, bureaucracy, revolutions, popular ideologies, geopolitical change, and state breakdowns have had in the transformation of war and nationalism.' NATO Research Articles of Manfred Worner Award Winners 2010. - [s.l.] : [s.n.], 2012. var. pag. : illustrations ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024879 Type: M Call Number: 49.02 /00023 NATO--AFRICAN UNION AU-NATO Collaboration : Implications and Prospects. - Rome : NATO Defense College, 2013. 305 pages : illustrations ; 21 cm. (NDC Forum Paper ; 22) ID number: 80024894 Type: M Call Number: 495.3 /00156 ISBN: 9788896898086 Bibliography: p. 288-301. Includes index. PIRACY--SOMALIA Pirate Alley : Commanding Task Force 151 Off Somalia / by Terry McKnight, Michael Hirsh. - Annapolis, MD : Naval Institute Press, 2012. xx, 233 p. : illustrations ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024890 Type: M Call Number: 343 /00089 ISBN: 9781612511344 Author(s): 1. McKnight, Terry 2. Hirsh, Michael, 1943- Includes index. 'This book explores every aspect of Somali piracy, from their operational methods to their impact on the world economy. Together, the authors offer potential solutions to the problem and highlight the best ways to outfit ships for travel through high-risk areas. But they also warn that one consequence of successfully protecting targets like

 

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container ships and crude oil carriers may be that pirates will turn to crime on land, adding an entirely new dimension to their seaborne activities.' SEA-POWER--USA Influence Without Boots on the Ground : Seaborne Crisis Response / by Larissa Forster. - Newport, RI : Naval War College Press, 2013. xi, 209 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm. (Newport Papers ; 39) ID number: 80024903 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01822 ISBN: 9781935352037 Author(s): 1. Forster, Larissa 'Military intervention always has been and always will be an important part of foreign policy, a tool to further national interests and influence world events. Many scholars have tried to explain the intervention behavior of states in crises, conflicts, and wars. When and why do states intervene, and what are reasons for nonintervention ? What conflicts and crises are more likely to call for intervention, and why ? When is intervention successful ? The explanations are manifold and include political, military, economic, social, environmental, domestic, and humanitarian factors. The theoretical literature covers a gamut of realist intentions, ranging from security, power, and national interests, as guides to state action; to emphasis on international trade and economics; and to domestic politics. Some argue for explanations based on idealistic aspirations, such as democracy and human rights. Many studies focus on a mix of different reasons. From this vast field, the author has selected international crises involving any form of U.S. activity in the years 1946-2006. Within these U.S. activities, the author distinguishes between crisis response with and without naval forces, as this study intends to advance the knowledge of the use of U.S. naval forces as a response to international crises and to contribute to a better understanding of when and how the U.S. Navy is deployed.' STRATEGY L'annee strategique : 2013 : analyse des enjeux internationaux. - Paris : IRIS, 2012. 533 pages : illustrations ; 20 cm. ID number: 80024875 Type: REF Call Number: 355.4 /00547 REF ISBN: 9782200279677 'Turbulences politiques au Maghreb et au Moyen-Orient, instabilite au Sahel, zone euro en crise, (re)election de Vladimir Poutine en Russie, essor des pays emergents et perte d'influence des pays occidentaux, l'annee ecoulee fut temoin d'evenements aux repercussions multiples. Quelles sont les nouvelles dynamiques ? Quels sont les nouveaux defis engendres par ces bouleversements geo-politiques ?'

 

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Perspectives on Strategy / by Colin S. Gray. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2013. vii, 229 pages ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024873 Type: M Call Number: 355.4 /01818 ISBN: 9780199674275 Author(s): 1. Gray, Colin S. Bibliography: p. 207-222. Includes index. 'This book examines in depth five aspects of strategy. Strategic thought and behaviour are explored and explained from the perspectives of intellect, morality, culture, geography and technology. Each perspective has attracted persisting controversy. This new work takes a notably holistic view of strategic phenomena, which serves as a master framework within which detailed examination of strategic history and issues can usefully be pursued in the light of particular perspectives. Foundational for the argument is the proposition that distinctive aspects of strategy (e.g. ethics, culture, inter alia) can only be appreciated properly when they are regarded in context. The book insists that the nature of strategy is best represented by a Venn diagram that shows overlapping perspectives. Thus, the subject of each chapter is shown as having meaning for, and in turn is influenced by, the subjects of the other chapters. For example, the book explores the importance of strategic ideas relative to the significance of the material weapons of war. The author poses the hardest of questions pertinent to each chosen perspective (e.g. do ideas matter more than muscle ? In practice how robust is the ethical code with which warfare is waged ? Is geography destiny, as some theorists have claimed ? Do technically superior weapons win wars ?). This book demonstrates that it is possible to look closely at strategic matters from limited but arguably powerful perspectives, without being captured by them. This book asks and answers the most challenging and rewarding questions that can be posed in order to reveal the persisting universal nature, but ever changing character, of strategy.' TARGETED KILLING (INTERNATIONAL LAW) Legitimate Target : A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing / by Amos N. Guiora. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2013. xiv, 107 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. (Terrorism and Global Justice Series) ID number: 80024892 Type: M Call Number: 341.3 /00233 ISBN: 9780199969739 Author(s): 1. Guiora, Amos N., 1957- Includes index. 'Targeted killings represent both the contemporary weapon of choice, and, clearly, the weapon of the future. From the perspective of the nation-state, the benefits of targeted killing are clear : aggressive measures against identified targets can be carried out with minimal, if any, risk to soldiers. But while the threat to soldiers is minimal, there are other risks that must be considered. Particularly, there is a high possibility of collateral damage as well as legitimate concerns regarding how a target is defined. Clearly broad legal, moral, and operational issues are at stake when considering targeted killing. The author proposes here that targeted killing decisions must reflect consideration of four distinct elements : law, policy, morality, and operational details, thus ensuring that it complies with principles of domestic and international laws. The author, writing from personal experience and an academic perspective, offers important criticism and insight into the policy as presently implemented, highlighting the need for a criteria-based decision making process in defining and identifying a legitimate target. The book blends concrete examples

 

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with a nuanced study of the current targeted killing paradigm with an emphasis on the dilemmas of morality and the law.' TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN Asymmetry of Interest : Turkish-Iranian Relations since 1979 / by Elliot J. Hentov. - Saarbrucken : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012. ix, 296 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm. ID number: 80024869 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01639 ISBN: 9783844300611 Author(s): 1. Hentov, Elliot J., 1976- Bibliography: p. 274-296. 'This book examines the political and economic relations between Turkey and Iran since the Iranian Revolution in 1979. It shows that contrary to the expectation that the revolution would usher in an era of ideological hostility between the two neighbours, relations were primarily framed in an imbalanced manner irrespective of ideology. On the one hand, Iran largely continued the Shah's foreign policy of benign neglect vis-a-vis Turkey, focusing on overcoming isolation and expanding Iranian influence in the Gulf and the wider Middle East. On the other hand, Turkey was acutely attentive to Iran's potential - intentionally as well as inadvertently - to generate security threats or economic opportunities. As such, there was an asymmetry of interest between the Turkish and Iranian elites in the affairs of their neighbor. This asymmetry ended in the first decade of the 21st century due to changes in domestic Turkish politics, the US invasion of Iraq, complementary economic developments and Iran's nuclear dispute. Yet, this underlying dynamic continues to explain why these two regional powers continue to engage in contradictory relations, vacillating between rivalry and partnership.' UNITED NATIONS--PEACEKEEPING FORCES Providing Peacekeepers : The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2013. xvii, 459 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm. ID number: 80024874 Type: M Call Number: 40 /00198 ISBN: 9780199672820 Includes index. 'During the first decade of the twenty-first century, the rising demand for peacekeepers saw the United Nations operate at a historically unprecedented tempo, with increases in the number and size of missions as well as in the scope and complexity of their mandates. The need to deploy over 120,000 UN peacekeepers and the demands placed upon them in the field have threatened to outstrip the willingness and to some extent capacity of the UN's Member States. This situation raised the questions of why states contribute forces to UN missions and, conversely, what factors inhibit them from doing more. This book answers these questions. After summarizing the challenges confronting the UN in force generation efforts, the book develops a new framework for analyzing UN peacekeeping contributions in light of the evidence presented in sixteen case study chapters which examine the experiences of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, the People's Republic of China, the Russian Federation, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Nigeria, Ghana, Nepal, Uruguay, Brazil, Turkey, South Africa, and Japan. The book concludes by offering recommendations for how the UN might develop new strategies for force generation so as to meet the foreseeable challenges of twenty-first century peacekeeping, and to improve the quantity and quality of its uniformed peacekeepers.'

 

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USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--EGYPT Egypt's New Regime and the Future of the U.S.-Egyptian Strategic Relationship / by Gregory L. Aftandilian. - Carlisle, PA : US Army War College, 2013. x, 48 pages ; 23 cm. ID number: 80024908 Type: M Call Number: 327 /01647 ISBN: 1584875658 Author(s): 1. Aftandilian, Gregory L. 'The author analyzes the developments in Egypt from January 2011 to August 2012, especially the relationship between the military and the civilian authorities. He outlines several scenarios that could ensue and gives sound recommendations on how the United States can best preserve its strategic interests in Egypt while supporting that country's democratic transition. He also offers specific recommendations for the US Army in its relationship with Egypt.'

 

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Journal Articles Articles de revues

ARAB SPRING, 2010- The EU and North Africa after the Revolutions : A New Start or 'plus ca change' ? / by Susi Dennison., 2013. (MEDITERRANEAN POLITICS, vol. 18, no. 1, March 2013, p. 119-124.) ID Number: JA029339 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dennison, Susi Transitions in the Middle East : New Arab Realities and Iran / by Mahmood Sariolghalam., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 121-134.) ID Number: JA029335 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Sariolghalam, Mahmood ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT--1993---PEACE--USA Policy Options in a Time of Transition : The US and the Israel-Palestine Conflict / by Geoffrey Aronson., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL, vol. 67, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 249-256.) ID Number: JA029369 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Aronson, Geoffrey ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT--USA The Decline of Arms Control : Media Coverage and Elite Opinion in the United States / by Mischa Hansel., 2013. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 34, no. 1, April 2013, p. 64-93.) ID Number: JA029373 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hansel, Mischa Is arms control becoming irrelevant ? This analysis offers a new way of testing the decline of arms control. Rather than focusing on foreign policy outputs and international outcomes, this analysis examines perceptions of security policy decision makers and opinion leaders through their references to arms control. Salience and framing analysis are used to evaluate the marginalization of arms control in political communication. Empirically, the article examines selected American media coverage, research institute publications, and the Congressional Record. This research confirms a dwindling number of references to the concept of arms control over the last two decades. This trend is not explained by the emergence of new technological issues, nor does it follow the chronological pattern of actual arms

 

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control successes and failures. Rather it hints at a more fundamental transformation of political thought. BALKAN PENINSULA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Diverging Paths in the Western Balkans / by Jelena Subotic., 2013. (CURRENT HISTORY, vol. 112, no. 752, March 2013, p. 107-113.) ID Number: JA029319 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Subotic, Jelena Serbia and Bosnia remain prisoners of the past, their incompatible memories of injustice preventing reconciliation. Croatia, meanwhile, is on track to join the European club. BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSES--USA Cooperative Ballistic Missile Defence for America, China, and Russia / by Reuben Steff., 2013. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 34, no. 1, April 2013, p. 94-119.) ID Number: JA029379 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Steff, Reuben Consensus amongst great powers on ballistic missile defence (BMD) may be the only way to ensure it does not undermine international security. This article applies defensive realism to explain the destabilizing effect of America's unilateral deployment of BMD. Under defensive realism, states opting for offensive strategies are punished, cooperation and reconciliation becoming more logical strategic options. The reversal of previous American policy under the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty created a new security dilemma with China and Russia. Beijing and Moscow are not opposed to BMD in principle, though, and defensive realism provides a basis for improving relations, stressing joint deployment of BMD as the basis for a new paradigm of strategic relations. Defensive realism supports the conclusion that consensus amongst great powers on BMD is essential to strategic stability. It shows that the most likely alternative is worsening strategic action-reaction dynamics with unpredictable consequences. If BMD cooperation expands, however, domestic opposition will coalesce from groups with an interest in great power competition. Subsequent analysis should examine in more detail the role these groups play in influencing security policy and how they impeded or could facilitate, the emergence of BMD cooperation. CHINA--FOREIGN RELATIONS China's Strategic Hedging / by Wojtek M. Wolfe., 2013. (ORBIS, vol. 57, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 300-313.) ID Number: JA029359 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Wolfe, Wojtek M. China has sought to gain regional influences by utilizing a mix of energy investments and military modernization efforts. China's overall efforts aim to bring about three broad goals. First, China seeks to hedge its economic growth potential against the threat of energy source disruption. Second, it seeks to limit or deny access to areas of operations within the first island chain, effectively expanding their core strategic zone of interest within the South China Sea. Third, China wants to establish the Taiwan Strait as a 'no-go' zone preventing US interference in the event of another Taiwan crisis. This type of hedging behavior can enhance a second-tier state's power without directly challenging the system leader. China has experienced

 

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some success in this approach but at a high cost. Its use of strategic hedging as an insurance policy carries a high financial and diplomatic premium. CHINA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--KOREA (NORTH) China, North Korea and the Spread of Nuclear Weapons / by Thomas Plant, Ben Rhode., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 61-80.) ID Number: JA029308 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Plant, Thomas 2. Rhode, Ben The threat to Beijing's interests if North Korean nuclear weapons or materials find their way into the hands of others outweighs the danger of a regime collapse in Pyongyang. CHINA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Chine : nouveaux dirigeants, nouvelles reformes ? / by Alice Ekman., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 147-159.) ID Number: JA029301 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ekman, Alice A l'issue du XVIIIe congres du Parti communiste, la Chine dispose d'une nouvelle equipe dirigeante. Celle-ci marchera dans les pas de Jiang Zemin et poursuivra les reformes economiques. Au niveau politique, l'objectif ultime demeure la stabilite du systeme. Les dirigeants chinois ont toutefois tire les lecons du printemps arabe et savent qu'ils doivent donner des gages a la population, notamment dans le domaine de la lutte contre la corruption. CIVIL-MILITARY COOPERATION Explaining Coordination and Breakdown in Complex Operations., 2013. (SMALL WARS AND INSURGENCIES, vol. 24, no. 2, May 2013, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA029383 Type: ART CONSTITUTIONAL LAW--EGYPT From Revolutions to Constitutions : The Case of Egypt / by Anthony F. Lang., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 345-363.) ID Number: JA029277 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lang, Anthony F. This article explores the transition from revolutions to constitutions in Egypt. In order to understand the current transition, the article compares events since 2011 to the 1919 constitutional revolution and the 1952 Free Officers' Movement. In comparing these three revolutionary periods and the constitutions they produced, the article makes two overarching claims : first, a constitution does not arise from the fiat of wise lawgivers or experts in the rule of law. Rather, it emerges from a contentious political process in which competing agents and institutions seek to promote their own interests. This competitive process, however, is actually beneficial to constitution-making, constitutional politics and political life more widely. Second, the article highlights that while the political dynamics of constitution-making in Egypt reveal domestic politics, the

 

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process of constitution-making also demonstrates how such dynamics take place in a global political context. Together, these two claims point up that constitutionalism is just as much a political movement as a legal doctrine. CORRUPTION Corruption : A Global Common Evil / by Frank G. Madsen., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 26-38.) ID Number: JA029394 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Madsen, Frank G. What is corruption and is it always harmful ? These are the two key questions that the author assesses in his exploration of this public- and private-sector phenomenon. After surveying various academic and legal definitions, he analyses corruption as a 'social bad', born of the inter-personal relationships within social groups, such as those involved in organised crime, and shaped by the structure and values of the society in which they operate. The article concludes by reviewing the range of international anti-corruption laws and measures currently in force before considering the role of governments in mitigating the domestic reach and impact of corruption. CRISIS MANAGEMENT--EU Reviewing the EU's Crisis Management Procedures / by Alexander Mattelaer., 2012. (STUDIA DIPLOMATICA, vol. 65, no. 4, 2012, p. 31-37.) ID Number: JA029353 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Mattelaer, Alexander The European Union as a Conflict Manager / by Monica Oproiu., 2012. (STUDIA DIPLOMATICA, vol. 65, no. 4, 2012, p. 39-54.) ID Number: JA029354 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Oproiu, Monica This paper looks at how the Lisbon Treaty changed the framework of the Common Security and Defence Policy and assesses the perspectives for the EU's performance as a conflict manager in its aftermath. Beyond acknowledging the legal and institutional developments in the CFSP and CSDP triggered by the Treaty, the paper focuses on the expanded catalogue of Petersberg-type missions as the core the EU's conflict management practice. Essentially, it argues that all these - a renewed legal framework enabling a comprehensive approach to conflict, the institutional altering of CFSP and CSDP enhancing coherence and the expanded Petersberg tasks - account for a significant contribution of the Lisbon Treaty to the EU's performance as a conflict manager. DEMOCRATIZATION--CHINA Working with China to Promote Democracy / by Baogang He., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 37-53.) ID Number: JA029323 Type: ART Author(s): 1. He, Baogang Democratization is China's most important challenge this century, but democracy promotion has become the most sensitive issue for Sino-U.S. relations. While it may seem naive, history and politics indicate that Chinese democratization can actually soon become a source of cooperation and mutual trust.

 

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DRONE AIRCRAFT--USA Drone Wars : Risks and Warnings / by Alan W. Dowd., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 7-16.) ID Number: JA029384 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dowd, Alan W. The use of drones is accelerating faster than our efforts to address their downsides. How concerned should we be ? Drones : What Are They Good For ? / by Jacqueline L. Hazelton., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 29-33.) ID Number: JA029387 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hazelton, Jacqueline L. How should we frame the discussion over drones ? Drones : Legitimacy and Anti-Americanism / by Greg Kennedy., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 25-28.) ID Number: JA029386 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Kennedy, Greg Are drones a liability or an asset ? Obama's Drone War / by Trevor MacCrisken., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 97-121.) ID Number: JA029306 Type: ART Author(s): 1. MacCrisken, Trevor The use of unmanned aerial vehicles for targeted killings has extensive ethical, political, legal and strategic implications. Do Drone Strikes Degrade Al Qaeda ? Evidence from Propaganda Output / by Megan Smith, James Igoe Walsh., 2013. (TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE, vol. 25, no. 2, April - June 2013, p. 311-327.) ID Number: JA029364 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Smith, Megan 2. Walsh, James Igoe The United States has used unmanned, aerial vehicles - drones - to launch attacks on militants associated with Al Qaeda and other violent groups based in Pakistan. The goal is to degrade the target's capacity to undertake political and violent action. The authors assess the effectiveness of drone strikes in achieving this goal, measuring degradation as the capacity of Al Qaeda to generate and disseminate propaganda. Propaganda is a key output of many terrorist organizations and a long-standing priority for Al Qaeda. Unlike other potential measures of terrorist group activity and capacity, propaganda output can be observed and measured. If drone strikes have degraded Al Qaeda, their occurrence should be correlated with a reduction in the organization's propaganda output. The analysis presented here finds little evidence that this is the case. Drone strikes have not impaired Al Qaeda's ability to generate propaganda.

 

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Drones over Yemen : Weighing Military Benefits and Political Costs / by W. Andrew Terrill., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 17-23.) ID Number: JA029385 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Terrill, W. Andrew What advantages can the use of drones offer ? ECONOMIC SANCTIONS, EUROPEAN--IRAN EU Sanctions on Iran : The European Political Context / by Ruairi Patterson., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 121-134.) ID Number: JA029336 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Patterson, Ruairi ELECTIONS--GEORGIA (REPUBLIC) Georgia's 2012 Elections and Lessons for Democracy Promotion / by Michael Cecire., 2013. (ORBIS, vol. 57, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 232-250.) ID Number: JA029357 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Cecire, Michael The opposition Georgian Dream coalition's upset victory in Georgia's October 2012 parliamentary elections displaced the then-ruling United National Movement as well as the 'competitive authoritarian' model it had instituted. While the future of Georgian democracy remains an open question, the elections may offer transferrable lessons for democracy promotion in other competitive authoritarian systems. In particular, Georgian Dream was able to successfully use leadership, messaging, and international engagement to pose the first meaningful challenge to the ruling party since the 2003 Rose Revolution. Georgia's recent experience also highlights the need for better-tailored policies to address the hybrid nature of the competitive authoritarian model. ENERGY POLICY--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Quelle politique energetique pour la Russie au Moyen-Orient ? / by Julien Nocetti., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 93-105.) ID Number: JA029297 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Nocetti, Julien La relation avec le Moyen-Orient est un element central de l'equation energetique russe. Le poids determinant de l'OPEP pour la fixation des prix du petrole pousse Moscou a resserrer ses liens avec certains pays dominants du cartel - dont l'Arabie Saoudite. L'incertitude de la conjoncture regionale (developpement des printemps arabes, crise syrienne, probleme iranien, etc.) pourrait neanmoins venir perturber la strategie, et plus generalement la position, de la Russie au Moyen-Orient.

 

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Energy Pipeline Networks and Trust : The European Union and Russia in Comparative Perspective / by Charles E. Ziegler., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, vol. 27, no. 1, March 2013, p. 3-29.) ID Number: JA029315 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ziegler, Charles E. Energy pipeline networks tie nations together in webs of interdependence that are mutually beneficial but which also make countries vulnerable. This article explores the relationship between political trust and energy pipelines connecting Russia and the European Union. It seeks to explain low levels of trust in the EU-Russia energy relationship, varying levels of energy cooperation and trust within the EU toward Russia, and whether the EU-Russia energy relationship is representative of vulnerabilities shared by producers and consumers in other contexts. Rationalist approaches that focus on interests and reciprocity are incomplete and should be supplemented by a concept of trust based on normative factors. This article finds that political disputes with transit and consumer states, competing norms, and the legacy of mistrust from the Cold War (especially among certain East European countries) combined to form a uniquely toxic relationship. ENERGY POLICY--USA America's Energy Opportunity : How to Harness to New Sources of U.S. Power / by Michael Levi., 2013. (FOREIGN AFFAIRS, vol. 92, no. 3, May - June 2013, p. 57-67.) ID Number: JA029294 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Levi, Michael EU--EEAS European External Action Service : Towards the 2013 Review / by Hylke Dijkstra., 2012. (STUDIA DIPLOMATICA, vol. 65, no. 4, 2012, p. 3-12.) ID Number: JA029352 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dijkstra, Hylke EU--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Les relations UE-Russie a l'ere du jeu a somme nulle / by Timofei V. Bordachev., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 161-173.) ID Number: JA029302 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bordachev, Timofei V. L'Union europeenne et la Russie entretiennent des relations d'apparence cordiale mais les cadres de leur cooperation ne les satisfont ni l'une ni l'autre. Dans les espaces hier controles par l'URSS, elles ont des interets de fait concurrents qui menacent de se cristalliser en blocs politico-economiques rivaux. UE et Russie ne pourraient sortir leur cooperation de son impasse qu'en redefinissant radicalement les objectifs communs de cette cooperation, au service du developpement du continent.

 

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EU--TURKEY Contextual and Contested : Reassessing Europeanization in the Case of Turkey / by Alper Kaliber., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, vol. 27, no. 1, March 2013, p. 52-73.) ID Number: JA029314 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Kaliber, Alper This article introduces a novel conceptual/analytical framework to Europeanization studies. Its main aims are twofold : first, it problematizes the mainstream usage of the term Europeanization, and the notion of change that it has embraced, and second, it develops a fuller account of the impact of European integration on societies. An analytical distinction is drawn between EU-ization as a formal process of alignment with the EU's body of law and institutions, and Europeanization as a wider sociopolitical and normative context. The impact of Europeanization in a given society is heavily conditioned by the extent and the ways in which Europe is used as a context by domestic actors. To substantiate its arguments, the article focuses on the Turkish case, where Europeanization as a normative-political context has extensively been implicated in its modernization and nation-building processes as well as in recent domestic debates concerning the country's identity and future orientation. EXCLAVES--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Kaliningrad, enclave russe dans l'espace de l'OTAN / by Lars Wedin., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 22-26.) ID Number: JA029286 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Wedin, Lars L'histoire de Kaliningrad en fait une ville symbole de l'articulation strategique entre l'Allemagne et la Russie, entre la Baltique et le continent. Aujourd'hui enclavee, elle est le point focal d'une possible tension regionale qu'explore l'auteur avec un scenario de crise. FRANCE--ARMED FORCES--MALI Mali : West Africa's Afghanistan / by Hussein Solomon., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 1, February - March 2013, p. 12-19.) ID Number: JA029349 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Solomon, Hussein Recent events in Mali and France's subsequent intervention raise questions about the roots of the conflict in a state that used to be considered an example of good governance in West Africa. FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--AFRICA Francafrique : mue ou pas ? / by Bertrand Fessard de Foucault., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 104-109.) ID Number: JA029291 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Foucault, Bertrand Fessard de L'operation Serval va-t-elle constituer un tournant dans la relation entre la France et l'Afrique ? Va-t-elle permettre de renouveler une relation accaparee par des liens trop souvent personnalises, affairistes, obliterant d'un commun accord l'Etat de droit ? Une nouvelle mobilisation de la jeunesse francaise et de l'Europe pourrait

 

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renouveler la donne. Telle est la these forte de l'auteur. FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ARAB COUNTRIES France and the Arab Upheavals : Beyond Sarkozy / by Rachel Utley., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 68-79.) ID Number: JA029396 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Utley, Rachel The consequences of the upheavals across the Middle East and North Africa since December 2010 have posed a significant foreign-policy challenge to France, which has historically distinguished itself from other major Western powers by maintaining a closer relationship with the Arab states, and its former colonies, in this region. Despite this familiarity, however, the incoherence of the French response under President Sarkozy to the turbulence that unfolded early in 2011 suggests that it was caught unawares and, despite apparent success in Libya, Sarkozy's successor Hollande continues to grapple with the impact on French influence in the region. FRANCE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY La France, l'Allemagne et l'Europe : considerations d'un Allemand francophile / by Gehrard Cromme., 2013. (COMMENTAIRE, no. 141, printemps 2013, p. 25-33.) ID Number: JA029365 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Cromme, Gehrard La reconciliation de la France et de l'Allemagne ne date pas du traite de 1963, elle date de la declaration de Robert Schuman, inspiree par Jean Monnet, le 9 mai 1950. Elle jetait les bases de la Federation europeenne, comme Aristide Briand avait tente de le faire le 9 septembre 1929. L'une et l'autre initiatives revendiquaient, en effet, explicitement comme objectif pour l'Europe une federation. Sans etre a l'origine du couple franco-allemand, le traite de 1963 merite pour lui-meme d'etre celebre, il participe de ce mouvement general que les esprits les plus eclaires des deux cotes du Rhin n'ont cesse de preconiser comme un des facteurs essentiels de la construction de l'Europe unie. INFORMATION WARFARE Analogical Reasoning and Cyber Security / by David J. Betz, Tim Stevens., 2013. (SECURITY DIALOGUE, vol. 44, no. 2, April 2013, p. 147-164.) ID Number: JA029366 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Betz, David J. 2. Stevens, Tim This article is an attempt to interrogate some of the predominant forms of analogical reasoning within current cyber-security discourse, with a view to clarifying their unstated premises, major strengths and, vitally, points of conceptual failure. It seeks to improve dialogue between and across the various epistemic communities involved with cyber-security policy. As we seek to adapt to the new security realities of the information age, it is incumbent upon scholars and strategists to address the benefits of connectivity, in all its dimensions, as much as the threats it presents. Current cyber-security discourse channels us into a winner-takes-all modality that is neither desirable nor necessary in the current strategic reality.

 

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How Probable is Cyber War ? Bringing IR Theory Back In to the Cyber Conflict Debate / by Tomothy J. Junio., 2013. (JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES, vol. 36, no. 1, February 2013, p. 125-133.) ID Number: JA029348 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Junio, Tomothy J. Many well-established explanations for war suggest that cyber weapons have a greater chance of being used offensively than other kinds of military technologies. This article introduces a research agenda for the study of cyber war, and offers an example - principal-agent problems in cyber operations - to demonstrate how rigorous theoretical and empirical work may proceed. Cyber War Is Inevitable (Unless We Build Security In) / by Gary MacGraw., 2013. (JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES, vol. 36, no. 1, February 2013, p. 109-111.) ID Number: JA029346 Type: ART Author(s): 1. MacGraw, Gary The information systems controlling our critical infrastructure are vulnerable to cyber attack. Cyber war is therefore inevitable unless we improve our cyber defenses. The only way to do this is by building security into systems at the design stage. Offensive Cyber Weapons : Construction, Development, and Employment / by Dale Peterson., 2013. (JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES, vol. 36, no. 1, February 2013, p. 120-124.) ID Number: JA029347 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Peterson, Dale Deploying cyber weapons to damage Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is relatively easy because such systems are insecure by design. Maintaining communication with an activated cyber weapon, and ensuring its persistence, is harder but feasible. Cyber Posturing and the Offense-Defense Balance / by Ilai Saltzman., 2013. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 34, no. 1, April 2013, p. 40-63.) ID Number: JA029372 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Saltzman, Ilai For some realists, cyber warfare is 'old wine in new bottles', with marginal added value. This misses the larger possibilities for political/military chain reactions that cyber warfare may prompt, possibly leading to armed conflict. This article utilizes Offense-Defense theory to appraise the influence of cyber warfare on international security and the prospects for conflict. Offense-Defense theory, as applied here, better explains the relationship between technological innovation and international politics, and leads to different conclusions from other realist approaches. Redefining the Offense-Defense balance to accommodate cyberspace leads to an emphasis on the offensive advantages of cyber capabilities. The offensive and defensive cyber postures of China, Russia, the United States, and NATO are examined here to empirically assess the role of cyber warfare in security policy. Evidence shows that innovations in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) allow states to take greater risks and adopt more vigilant or offensive positions toward adversaries. Cyber

 

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capabilities do not cause armed conflict, but make decisions to escalate easier and cheaper. A strategic enabler that provides attackers greater freedom of action, cyber warfare is becoming a necessary condition for the conduct of war, even if it is not a sufficient one. Cyber War Will Take Place ! / by John Stone., 2013. (JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES, vol. 36, no. 1, February 2013, p. 101-108.) ID Number: JA029345 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Stone, John The question of whether or not cyber war amounts to war per se is difficult to determine given strategic theory's uncertain grasp of the concepts of force, violence and lethality. These three concepts, along with their relationships with one another, are explored in order to demonstrate that cyber attacks can in fact be construed as acts of war. INTERNAL SECURITY The Balance To Be Found Between Civil Liberties and National Security / by Megan Warshawsky., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 94-99.) ID Number: JA029397 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Warshawsky, Megan The author looks at the struggle between civil liberties and national security, highlighting how the debate over which takes precedence has only intensified given the recent increase in international terrorist attacks. With examples from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia, the essay illustrates how, over time, the scales have tipped back and forth between favouring security and favouring liberty. It concludes with a test which can be used to determine when it is necessary to sacrifice civil liberties in the name of national security. INTERVENTION (INTERNATIONAL LAW)--FRANCE A Surprising Little War : First Lessons of Mali / by Francois Heisbourg., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 7-17.) ID Number: JA029311 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Heisbourg, Francois The challenge for the French in Mali is less that of 'when do we leave ?' but under what circumstances it makes sense to stay.

 

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IRAN--FOREIGN RELATIONS--TURKEY The Turkey-Russia-Iran Nexus : Eurasian Power Dynamics / by Stephen J. Flanagan., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 163-178.) ID Number: JA029328 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Flanagan, Stephen J. Understanding the complex and often contradictory interactions among Turkey, Russia, and Iran is essential to avoiding a wider war in the Middle East, renewed conflict in the Caucasus, and instability in Central Asia following the withdrawal of NATO forces from Afghanistan. IRAQ WAR, 2003-2011 The Iraq War Ten Years On : Assessing the Fallout / by Louise Fawcett., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 325-343.) ID Number: JA029278 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Fawcett, Louise Assessing the long-term fallout from the 2003 Iraq War from three perspectives - the state, regional and international - this article argues that the war generated a series of changes that have had a central impact on the political evolution and international relations of the Middle East, though not in the manner anticipated by either its supporters or critics. The war and its consequences, which have become merged with developments surrounding the Arab Spring uprisings, which started at the end of 2010, have contributed over the long term to the acceleration of popular demands for the greater liberalization of politics, to shifts in the regional balance of power and to international realignments. Authoritarian regimes across the region have been increasingly challenged; there are new sectarian divides; Iran has been empowered by the demise of its old rival Saddam Hussein; new 'pivotal' states like Saudi Arabia and Turkey have emerged; and western powers have had to review their policy prescriptions and assumptions of regional predominance. The new regional order is both fragile and contested. Taking a long view of the Iraq War on its tenth anniversary is important and relevant to understanding contemporary developments in the region - whether in Syria or elsewhere - and serves to highlight patterns of continuity as well as change. Given the continuing violence and bloodshed in Iraq itself, it also offers some important lessons to regional and external powers about the perils of intervention. IRAQ--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT State and Society in Iraq Ten Years after Regime Change : The Rise of a New Authoritarianism / by Toby Dodge., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 241-257.) ID Number: JA029281 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dodge, Toby This article examines the rise of a new authoritarianism in Iraq ten years after the invasion that removed Saddam Hussein. It traces the centralization of political and coercive power in the hands of Iraq's Prime Minister, Nuri al-Maliki. From his appointment in 2006, Maliki successfully moved to constrain the power of parliament and the independent agencies set up by the American-led occupation to oversee the state. He removed key politicians and civil servants who stood in his way. This authoritarian centralization reached its peak with Maliki's control of Iraq's special forces, its army and its intelligence services. The article analyses the civilian institutions

 

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of the state, concluding that political corruption has greatly hindered their reconstruction. The result is an Iraqi state with an over-developed armed forces, very weak civilian institutions and a dominant prime minister. Against this background, the sustainability of Iraqi democracy is in question. The article concludes by assessing the ramifications of Iraq's postwar trajectory for military interventions more generally. ISLAM AND POLITICS The Emerging Red-Green Alliance : Where Political Islam Meets the Radical Left / by Emmanuel Karagiannis, Clark McCauley., 2013. (TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE, vol. 25, no. 2, April - June 2013, p. 167-182.) ID Number: JA029362 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Karagiannis, Emmanuel 2. McCauley, Clark No matter how unlikely it may seem, radical Leftists and Islamists have come closer in recent years. Drawing on substantial ideological interchange, and operating at both state and non-state levels, the two movements are building a Common Front against the United States and its allies. In this article, the authors use framing theory to examine the contemporary convergence of political Islam and the radical Left. Both radical Leftists and Islamists have utilized the master frame of anti-globalization/anti-capitalism and the master frame of anti-colonialism/anti-imperialism to elicit support from the widest possible range of people. The emerging Red-Green alliance presents a complex challenge that will require careful attention from US and European policymakers. ISRAEL--FOREIGN RELATIONS Redefinir l'agenda strategique israelien : une urgence nouvelle a regler des problemes anciens / by Mark A. Heller., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 11-22.) ID Number: JA029305 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Heller, Mark A. Du nucleaire iranien aux consequences des soulevements arabes, les sujets de preoccupation ne manquent pas pour les autorites israeliennes. La question palestinienne, eludee depuis quelque temps, pourrait redevenir d'une actualite brulante en 2013. En Israel, le cout du statu quo dans le dossier palestinien est juge negligeable. Cette perception est erronee pour plusieurs raisons, et notamment parce que la perspective d'une nouvelle intifada n'est pas improbable. ISRAEL--MILITARY POLICY Une armee israelienne en pleine mutation / by Pierre Razoux., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 23-35.) ID Number: JA029304 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Razoux, Pierre L'armee israelienne se prepare a mener des operations variees, aux portes du pays ou a des milliers de kilometres. La superiorite technologique israelienne ne garantit toutefois pas l'invulnerabilite. Tsahal est confrontee a des evolutions sociologiques qui pourraient la fragiliser, les dispositifs antimissiles ne sont pas infaillibles, de nouvelles menaces - notamment cybernetiques - emergent, et les relations avec l'allie americain, principal fournisseur d'armes, sont des plus tendues.

 

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JAPAN--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA Tokyo Trade-Offs : Shinzo Abe's Hedging Strategy Against China / by John Hemmings, Maiko Kuroki., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 58-66.) ID Number: JA029395 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hemmings, John 2. Kuroki, Maiko On becoming Japan's prime minister for the second time, Shinzo Abe has set himself the task of reviving Japan as a regional power, by repairing years of economic and political stagnation. However, his foreign-policy intentions vis-a-vis China, Japan's largest neighbour, are not yet clear. The authors argue that Abe's first premiership in 2006-07 provides clues which suggest that he will seek rapprochement with China, while simultaneously developing strong regional ties and fortifying the US-Japan alliance. KURDISTAN (IRAQ)--HISTORY--AUTONOMY AND INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS The Unravelling of the Post-First World War State System ? The Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the Transformation of the Middle East / by Gareth Stansfield., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 259-282.) ID Number: JA029280 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Stansfield, Gareth Ten years after regime change in Iraq, the Kurdistan Region has emerged as a transformative force in the international affairs of the Middle East. The Kurds have moved to being architects of the new Iraqi state, but have thereby forced an ideational contest between them - as visionaries of a decentralized Iraq - and successive Iraqi governments that favour a centralized authority structure. In addition to this first set of developments, the prominence of the Kurds is also explained by two additional sets of issues. The second concerns the interplay of federalism in Iraq and the management of the country's oil and gas reserves. Kurdistan's expansion of its hydrocarbons industry has been met with opposition from Baghdad that has furthered the polarization and enmity between the two sides. The third issue, which serves to make concrete the gains made by the Kurds, concerns regional geopolitical developments. For the first time in a century, the nationalist interests of the Kurds in Iraq are compatible with the sectarian interests of Turkey and Sunni Arab states. These three issues (domestic development, economic advancement and regional geopolitics) come together to explain the Kurdistan Region's agency in a rapidly transforming regional complex and raise the possibility of an independent Republic of Kurdistan emerging in the near future as an idea that is no longer regarded as impossible.

 

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LIBYA--HISTORY--CIVIL WAR, 2011- African Roles in the Libyan Conflict of 2011 / by Alex de Waal., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 365-379.) ID Number: JA029282 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Waal, Alex de Libya's relationship with sub-Saharan Africa has been complex, troubled and misunderstood, both during the rule of the late Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi and the conflict that culminated in his overthrow and death. The Libyan conflict of 2011 divided Africa, but nonetheless the African Union was able to agree on a political strategy aimed at achieving a negotiated settlement and power transition. The AU's peace initiative was launched in March 2011 and, contrary to widespread perception that the AU sought to prop up Gaddafi, it offered a credible and balanced option of a negotiated solution. United Nations Security Council resolution 1973 expressed support for the initiative, but in the event France, Britain and the United States blocked its chances of success. This article draws on evidence and analysis provided by the AU officials involved. It details the process whereby the AU adopted and implemented its decisions, and describes the AU's diplomatic engagement with Gaddafi and the National Transitional Council. The article also draws on information provided by Sudanese military and intelligence officials, providing an account, hitherto untold, of how the Sudanese government supported the Libyan opposition with military supplies, training and intelligence, in tacit cooperation with NATO countries. The article concludes with reflections on how the Libya conflict has had an impact on the doctrine of the 'responsibility to protect', on the AU, and on Libya's relations with Africa. Libya's Revolution at Two Years : Perils and Achievements / by Frederic Wehrey., 2013. (MEDITERRANEAN POLITICS, vol. 18, no. 1, March 2013, p. 112-118.) ID Number: JA029338 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Wehrey, Frederic MALWARE (COMPUTER SOFTWARE)--IRAN Are Cyber-Weapons Effective ? Assessing Stuxnet's Impact on the Iranian Enrichment Programme / by Ivanka Barzashka., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 48-56.) ID Number: JA029398 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Barzashka, Ivanka When news of Stuxnet first emerged, many thought that it had caused a major setback to Iran's uranium-enrichment programme. The author argues instead that while Stuxnet may have had the potential to seriously damage Iranian centrifuges, evidence of the worm's impact is circumstantial and inconclusive. Her analysis of the related data shows that the 2009 version of Stuxnet was neither very effective nor well-timed and, in hindsight, may have been of net benefit to Tehran.

 

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MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE Proxy Warfare and the Future of Conflict / by Andrew Mumford., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 40-45.) ID Number: JA029399 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Mumford, Andrew The contemporary dynamics of proxy warfare will make it a significant feature of the character of conflict in the future. The author identifies four major changes in the nature of modern warfare and argues that they point to a potential increase in the engagement of proxy strategies by states : the decreased public and political appetite in the West for large-scale counter-insurgency 'quagmires' against a backdrop of a global recession; the risk in prominence and importance of Private Military Companies (PMCs) to contemporary war-fighting; the increasing use of cyberspace as a platform from which to indirectly wage war; and the ascent of China as a superpower. MUSLIMS--EUROPE Europe and Islam., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL SPECTATOR, vol. 48, no. 1, March 2013, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA029380 Type: ART The purpose of this special issue is to explore the many aspects of the relationship between Europe and Islam. The goal is to provide insights to help policymakers navigate the current debate - to recognise where there are simple misunderstandings and where there are real problems to be solved. NATO Drei Herausforderungen fur die NATO / by Michael Ruhle., 2013. (EUROPAISCHE SICHERHEIT & TECHNIK, Nr. 5, Mai 2013, S. 16-17.) ID Number: JA029381 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ruhle, Michael NATO--ARMED FORCES--NRF Quel avenir pour la NATO Response Force ? / by Jean-Olivier Grall., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 85-90.) ID Number: JA029288 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Grall, Jean-Olivier Si la NRF n'a pas ete a ce jour employee au niveau d'ambition eleve qui a preside a sa conception, elle a pourtant contribue directement a la transformation de l'Alliance atlantique et a la preparation operationnelle des forces alliees, avantage qu'il convient d'exploiter au mieux dans un contexte budgetaire contraint.

 

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NATO--INTERNATIONAL MILITARY STAFF Die Reform des Internationalen Militarstabs der NATO / by Axel Schulz., 2013. (EUROPAISCHE SICHERHEIT & TECHNIK, Nr. 5, Mai 2013, S. 18-20.) ID Number: JA029382 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Schulz, Axel NATO--STRATEGIC ASPECTS--NEW STRATEGIC CONCEPT, 2010 NATO's Level of Ambition : Beyond Strategic Reach / by Dean A. Nowowiejski., 2013. (JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY, no. 69, 2013, p. 72-77.) ID Number: JA029351 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Nowowiejski, Dean A. NEUTRALITY--AFGHANISTAN Thinking Long on Afghanistan : Could It Be Neutralized ? / by Audrey Kurth Cronin., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 55-72.) ID Number: JA029324 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Cronin, Audrey Kurth With the US drawing down its forces in Afghanistan over the next two years, it urgently needs to shift from short-term thinking. For decades, the rational long-term political solution for Afghanistan has been a strategy called 'neutralization', which could look like this ... NEW START Further Nuclear Arms Limitation : Factors and Prospects / by Anatoly Antonov., 2013. (SECURITY INDEX, vol. 19, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 13-22.) ID Number: JA029316 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Antonov, Anatoly The New START treaty between Russia and the United States stipulates a large number of measures which must be accomplished within a clearly defined time frame. The question is, what next ? Are deeper strategic offensive arms reductions after the expiration of New START possible, or indeed necessary ? Strategic offensive arms reductions are not an end in themselves. The notion of such reductions initially aimed to maintain the security of parties at lower levels of nuclear arsenals. Analyzing determining factors and possible scenarios, the author calls for the establishment of a new multilateral regime.

 

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NUCLEAR DETERRENCE Rethinking the Utility of Nuclear Weapons / by Ward Wilson., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 35-39.) ID Number: JA029388 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Wilson, Ward Is over thinking about nuclear deterrence on solid ground ? NUCLEAR DETERRENCE--PAKISTAN Pakistan's Policy on Minimum Deterrence : Why Minimum Is Not the Minimum ? / by Zafar Khan., 2013. (DEFENSE & SECURITY ANALYSIS, vol. 29, no. 1, March 2013, p. 30-41.) ID Number: JA029283 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Khan, Zafar This article focuses on Pakistan's policy option of 'minimum deterrence' (MD) post-1998 nuclearization of South Asia and explores why 'minimum' in reality is not the minimum. It states that the term 'minimum' has not been fully defined yet due to which MD stays ambiguous. In addition, it endeavors to elaborate the rudimentary factors responsible for the non-existence of an MD, which, in turn, keeps the Pakistani stance on MD dynamic and evolving. NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear Energy : Lessons from the Past, Current Problems, and New Initiatives / by Victor Murogov., 2013. (SECURITY INDEX, vol. 19, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 23-31.) ID Number: JA029317 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Murogov, Victor The role of nuclear energy as a factor of stability and sustainable economic, social and political growth will increase. Nevertheless, there is a need for discussion on measures that would help achieve consensus on solutions to nonproliferation issues, as well as safe development of an environmentally compatible nuclear fuel cycle. Small and developing countries must see the need for and benefits of multilateral nuclear initiatives; they must understand what changes they should make in their national programs, and clearly see all the pros and cons of participation. NUCLEAR WEAPONS--GOVERNMENT POLICY--IRAN Globalising Iran's Fatwa Against Nuclear Weapons / by Seyed Hossein Mousavian., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 147-162.) ID Number: JA029307 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Mousavian, Seyed Hossein Transforming the fatwa into a legally binding document could be a face-saving solution to the Iran nuclear crisis and boost efforts towards eliminating nuclear weapons entirely.

 

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NUCLEAR WEAPONS--GOVERNMENT POLICY--USA Reaffirming the Utility of Nuclear Weapons / by Bradley A. Thayer, Thomas M. Skypek., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 41-45.) ID Number: JA029389 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Thayer, Bradley A. 2. Skypek, Thomas M. Is nuclear disarmament an unpleasant dream that would jeopardize US security and undermine global stability ? NUCLEAR WEAPONS--PAKISTAN--SECURITY MEASURES Challenges for Pakistan's Nuclear Security / by Naeem Salik, Kenneth N. Luongo., 2013. (ARMS CONTROL TODAY, vol. 43, no. 2, March 2013, p. 14-19.) ID Number: JA029342 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Salik, Naeem 2. Luongo, Kenneth N. Pakistan's recent steps on nuclear security and safety mark an evolution from the country's previous opaqueness, but it is not clear if they will lead to further progress or if they represent the limits of Islamabad's movement toward transparency and cooperation. NUCLEAR-WEAPON-FREE ZONES--MIDDLE EAST A Middle East Free of Nuclear Weapons : Possible, Probable or Pipe-Dream ? / by Patricia M. Lewis., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 433-450.) ID Number: JA029275 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lewis, Patricia M. This article provides an overview of the attempts to address a Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)-free zone in the Middle East as mandated by the 2010 nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference. The article outlines regional nuclear programmes in Egypt, Israel, Iran, Iraq and Syria, and the evolution of nuclear weapon-free zones and NPT politics. The article further proposes a set of recommendations for what might constitute a nuclear weapon-free zone treaty, including interim measures that would support the establishment of the Middle East WMD-free-zone, drawing on historical precedent from relevant cases. ORGANIZED CRIME Chasing Shadows : Strategic Responses to Organised Crime in Conflict-Affected Situations / by James Cockayne., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 10-24.) ID Number: JA029393 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Cockayne, James Experience of conflict over the last two decades - from Haiti to Liberia to Afghanistan - points towards the likelihood that armed groups will adopt criminal strategies as a way of maintaining power during and after conflict, exploiting the state's vulnerability. However, policy responses have yet to prove effective in dealing with this threat. The author explores the relationship between criminal groups and political power, debunking long-held myths that such groups are primarily economic actors, before considering how a more strategic, evidence-based approach to tackling organised crime in

 

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conflict-affected states might be developed and implemented. ORGANIZED CRIME--USA--PREVENTION Confronting Transnational Organized Crime : Getting It Right to Forestall a New National Security Threat / by Douglas M. Fraser, Renee P. Novakoff., 2013. (JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY, no. 69, 2013, p. 34-38.) ID Number: JA029350 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Fraser, Douglas M. 2. Novakoff, Renee P. OSCE L'OSCE, la grande discrete / by Guy Vinet., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 98-103.) ID Number: JA029290 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Vinet, Guy L'histoire de l'OSCE, son deploiement, ses champs d'action privilegies, la diplomatie preventive en particulier, expliquent la 'furtivite' de cette organisation qui a emerge de la guerre froide pour creer un espace de paix et de cooperation de Vancouver a Vladivostok. PAKISTAN--ARMED FORCES Die Innere Lage der pakistanischen Streitkrafte : Motivation und Gefechtswert fur die Aufstandsbekampfung im eigenen Land / by Ulrich Stahnke., 2013. (OSTERREICHISCHE MILITARISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT, 51. Jg., Heft 3, Mai - Juni 2013, S. 307-313.) ID Number: JA029400 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Stahnke, Ulrich PAKISTAN--BOUNDARIES--AFGHANISTAN Le Pakistan et l'Afghanistan : paradoxes d'une strategie / by Adrien Schu., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 177-189.) ID Number: JA029303 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Schu, Adrien Le Pakistan soutient des groupes insurges en Afghanistan pour rompre les liens entre New Delhi et Kaboul et pour s'assurer d'une profondeur strategique dans un eventuel conflit avec l'Inde. Pour ce faire, Islamabad accepte une certaine porosite de sa frontiere afghane et prend ainsi le risque de reevaluer la contestation de la ligne Durand : Kaboul l'a en effet toujours denoncee comme un heritage de la colonisation, alors que les Talibans, pour leur part, ont toujours refuse de la legitimer.

 

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PAKISTAN--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Pakistan on the Brink of a Democratic Transition ? / by C. Christine Fair., 2013. (CURRENT HISTORY, vol. 112, no. 753, April 2013, p. 130-136.) ID Number: JA029341 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Fair, C. Christine Elections expected in May 2013 could produce a second consecutive democratic transition of power. However, the army continues to undermine civilian leadership. And the next government is unlikely to prove capable of undertaking reforms needed to halt Pakistan's perilous decline. PEACE-BUILDING Peacebuilding, Statebuilding and Local Legitimacy., 2013. (JOURNAL OF INTERVENTION AND STATEBUILDING, vol. 7, no. 1, March 2013, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA029355 Type: ART Non-State Armed Groups and Stability : Reconsidering Legitimacy and Inclusion / by Sukanya Podder., 2013. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 34, no. 1, April 2013, p. 16-39.) ID Number: JA029371 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Podder, Sukanya Events such as the Arab Spring in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Syria have created an urgent need for the international community to engage with a range of armed groups during and after conflict. This engagement extends beyond humanitarian, conflict resolution and counter-terrorism ends to issues of democratization and political transition of such groups in legitimate, stable, and inclusive governments. This article underlines the need to reconsider post-counterterrorism engagement styles, which frame non-state armed groups (NSAGs) exclusively as spoilers, and stresses opportunities for state-building partnership that certain NSAGs offer. Towards this end, this article emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between different types of NSAGs, based on their sources of legitimacy, resources, reliability, and partnering potential. It concludes with four entry points that promise a strong basis for incorporating 'legitimacy, inclusion, and resource' considerations into the planning and implementation of future state-building efforts. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND TRADE--KAZAKHSTAN Kazakhstan : Oil Endowment and Oil Empowerment / by Enrique Palazuelos, Rafael Fernandez., 2012. (COMMUNIST AND POST-COMMUNIST STUDIES, vol. 45, no. 1, March 2012, p. 27-37.) ID Number: JA029356 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Palazuelos, Enrique 2. Fernandez, Rafael Kazakhstan became a petro-state in the 1990s, after signing important oil production agreements with several transnational companies. In recent years, Kazakhstan's government has imposed the revision of former agreements on these corporations. This article contends that said revision has allowed the national players, government and the state oil company, to extend rent-seeking, but that the changes have not been deep enough to attain national oil empowerment. This means

 

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that national players do not control the oil cycle - from upstream to export trade - and are unable to secure continued expansion in the oil sector. Both key issues remain in the hands of the foreign companies, although their prominence has diversified following the entry of large Chinese and Russian companies. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND TRADE--KURDISTAN (IRAQ) Kurdish Oil Politics in Iraq : Contested Sovereignty and Unilateralism / by Yaniv Voller., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 68-82.) ID Number: JA029331 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Voller, Yaniv This paper seeks to challenge the tendency to view Kurdish unilateralism as motivated primarily by greed. It argues that a better explanation lies in the KRG's contested sovereignty and aspiration to legitimize and guarantee its precarious existence. Gaining and demonstrating its control over oil reserves in the Kurdistan Region and the territories claimed by the KRG has been viewed as essential in consolidating Kurdish sovereignty over the region and exhibiting this sovereignty to the international community, especially those objecting to Kurdish sovereignty. PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES Military Privatization and the Remasculinization of the State : Making the Link between the Outsourcing of Military Security and Gendered State Transformations / by Saskia Stachowitsch., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, vol. 27, no. 1, March 2013, p. 74-94.) ID Number: JA029313 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Stachowitsch, Saskia This article examines the gendered implications of military privatization and argues that the outsourcing of military functions to the private sector excludes women from newly developing private military labour markets, impedes gender equality policies and reconstructs masculinist gender ideologies. This process constitutes a remasculinization of the state, in the course of which the nexus between state-sanctioned violence and masculinity is being reaffirmed. Recent research has introduced the concept of masculinity to the study of the private security sector. Building upon these approaches, the article integrates feminist theories of the state into the research field and evaluates their potential contributions to the analysis of military privatization. In an exemplary case study of the US military sector, this privatization is embedded within debates on the neo-liberal restructuring of the state and addressed as a gendered process through which the boundaries between the public and the private are being redrawn. The implications of these transformations are investigated at the levels of gender-specific labour division, gender policy and gender ideologies.

 

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PROTEST MOVEMENTS The 2011 Protests : Were They about Democracy ? / by Dawn Brancati., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 25-35.) ID Number: JA029322 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Brancati, Dawn Why did so many protests occur in 2011, and in such unlikely places ? Although the lack of democracy, foreign assistance, and technology may have aided the protests, statistical evidence indicates the downturn in the global economy played a much more significant role. QATAR--FOREIGN RELATIONS Qatar's Foreign Policy : The Limits of Pragmatism / by Lina Khatib., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 417-431.) ID Number: JA029274 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Khatib, Lina Qatar has become an Arab country with a high international profile and an ambitious foreign policy, particularly as a result of its role in the Arab Spring. It has cultivated a reputation as a political mediator and a key source of foreign aid. Following the Libyan uprising, Qatar demonstrated further political adaptability in leading regional action against the Gaddafi regime. However, this foreign policy does not appear to be built on long-term planning, but rather seems centred on opportunism and promiscuity as Qatar engages with multiple, often clashing, actors and plays the role of political maverick in the Middle East. This article assesses the key components of Qatari foreign policy, as well as public diplomacy, highlighting the potential implications of the lack of a coherent foreign strategy for the country, both on the domestic and external fronts. Domestically, Qatar faces increasing pressure for reform and the prospect of instability, both catalyzed by high centralization of decision-making with regard to Qatari policy. Externally, it risks overextending its network of political partners to involve potentially volatile actors, losing the credibility of its public diplomacy messages, and subsequently, international scepticism towards its foreign policy motives. Those domestic and external factors highlight the limits of relying on pragmatism in Qatari foreign policy and the need for long-term strategy if Qatar is to maintain its leadership role in the Middle East. RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT (INTERNATIONAL LAW) L'ambiguite de la responsabilite de proteger / by Vincent Grassin., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 91-97.) ID Number: JA029289 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Grassin, Vincent Harmattan est le modele d'une operation militaire menee au nom de la 'responsabilite de proteger'. L'auteur expose que ce type d'intervention 'humanitaire' contestee doit rester l'exception et non devenir la norme mais qu'il doit aussi pouvoir fonctionner efficacement. Une telle doctrine encore imparfaite porte, en effet, l'espoir de mettre fin a l'impunite de crimes graves.

 

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The Responsibility to Protect and the Arab World : An Emerging International Norm ? / by El Hassan bin Talal, Rolf Schwarz., 2013. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 34, no. 1, April 2013, p. 1-15.) ID Number: JA029370 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Talal, El Hassan bin 2. Schwarz, Rolf Over the last 15 years, human rights concerns and development issues have been increasingly integrated with security matters on the international agenda. There is a growing understanding that justice, growth in welfare, and sustainable peace are goals that are deeply entwined. This new understanding of development - as encompassing human rights and security concerns to an equal extent - is reflected in the notion of the responsibility to protect. The responsibility to protect (R2P) represents a holistic approach to the challenges of international security, and one that enables human rights violations to be conceived of as a security issue. The arms embargo and humanitarian intervention in Libya and subsequent debate over intervention in Syria brought the issues of R2P into the heart of the Arab world. The Arab world has long been immune to these debates, but the historic changes in Tunisia and Egypt and the humanitarian intervention in Libya have shifted the debate and brought about a paradigm shift. RIGHT-WING EXTREMISTS--EUROPE Why 2013 Is Not 1933 : The Radical Right in Europe / by David Art., 2013. (CURRENT HISTORY, vol. 112, no. 752, March 2013, p. 88-93.) ID Number: JA029318 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Art, David Fears that economic discontent could enable a fascist resurgence are overblown. Today's far right is characterized by political incompetence and limited appeal. RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--ARMED FORCES--PROCUREMENT Arms Procurement and the Russian Defense Industry : Challenges Up to 2020 / by Susanne Oxenstierna, Fredrik Westerlund., 2013. (JOURNAL OF SLAVIC MILITARY STUDIES, vol. 26, no. 1, January - March 2013, p. 1-24.) ID Number: JA029340 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Oxenstierna, Susanne 2. Westerlund, Fredrik The Russian government has launched a new state armament program for the period 2011-2020 in a decisive effort to bring the Russian Armed Forces into the 21st century. This article investigates the prerequisites for the successful fulfillment of this program and assesses the industry's ability to meet the program's demands. The main findings are that the costs of the program are unrealistically high and that deficiencies in the procurement system and in the technologies and performance of the industry present serious challenges and obstacles that will hinder the fulfillment of the program.

 

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RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS Russia and Multipolarity since the End of the Cold War / by Martin A. Smith., 2013. (EAST EUROPEAN POLITICS, vol. 29, no. 1, March 2013, p. 36-51.) ID Number: JA029321 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Smith, Martin A. Scholarly debates about the changing nature of international power and its distribution have been an ongoing feature of the years since the end of the Cold War in 1991. Most of these have focused on the position and role of the USA in a unipolar world. In contrast, there has been relatively little discussion about the concept of multipolarity and its various possible meanings. To the extent that such debates have been evident, they have developed to a more significant extent in Russia than in other states. In these Russian debates, three distinct strands of thinking about multipolarity have become apparent. These can be termed the 'confrontationalist', 'competitive', and 'concert-based' views of multipolarity in the post-Cold War world. RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN L'Iran et la Russie face aux crises du Moyen-Orient : entre connivence et divergence / by Clement Therme., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 131-143.) ID Number: JA029300 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Therme, Clement Au-dela d'une ancienne proximite historique, Moscou et Teheran ont du redefinir leur relation apres la disparition de l'URSS. Cette relation integre, entre autres, des approches differentes des evolutions politiques au Moyen-Orient : une cooperation ambigue en matiere nucleaire et d'armements conventionnels et une convergence de vues sur la crise syrienne. Les deux capitales devront neanmoins prendre garde que cette derniere position ne leur aliene pas les grands acteurs de la region. RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ISRAEL Russie-Israel : les defis d'une relation ambivalente / by Igor Delanoe., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 119-130.) ID Number: JA029299 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Delanoe, Igor La fin de l'URSS a permis a Moscou de redefinir radicalement ses relations avec Israel. L'immigration russe dans le pays, des echanges economiques substantiels, y compris dans le domaine de l'armement, et des preoccupations communes sur les consequences des printemps arabes expliquent le developpement de relations soutenues. Moscou cherche a dialoguer avec tous les acteurs du Moyen-Orient. Et Israel pousse jusqu'au Caucase une politique qui vise a encercler la menace iranienne.

 

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RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--MIDDLE EAST La Russie et le Moyen-Orient : entre islamisme et occidentalisme / by Andrei P. Tsygankov., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 79-91.) ID Number: JA029296 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Tsygankov, Andrei P. Au-dela des interets de puissance, le rejet de l'islamisme et de l'occidentalisme explique la position presente de la Russie au Moyen-Orient. Radicalisme menacant directement la Federation, l'islamisme incite Moscou a tendre la main aux regimes qui le combattent. Ethnocentrisme des democraties visant a assurer leur domination, l'occidentalisme pousse la Russie a s'opposer a l'interventionnisme dans la region des puissances occidentales, tout en affirmant une voie civilisationnelle propre. RUSSIAN FAR EAST (RUSSIA)--ECONOMIC POLICY The Russian Far East : Opportunities and Challenges for Russia's Window / by Rensselaer Lee., 2013. (ORBIS, vol. 57, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 314-324.) ID Number: JA029360 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lee, Rensselaer Moscow recently has made development of its isolated eastern territories, especially the Russian Far East (RFE) a high national priority, and the success - or failure - of these efforts will have significant security implications for the Asia-Pacific community. The region's vast size, rich resource base and proximity to ambitious Asia-Pacific powers accentuate its strategic importance, which seems likely to grow with time. How regional geopolitics interacts with Russian national policies will affect the RFE's course of development as well as the power balance in northeast Asia. The United States has an historical and security interest in preventing the domination of the RFE by any outside nation, and in fostering stability, open access, and growth in this vital region. SCOTLAND--MILITARY POLICY Ecosse : l'enjeu de la defense / by Jean-Claude Sergeant., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 15-21.) ID Number: JA029285 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Sergeant, Jean-Claude Une Ecosse independante serait amenee a constituer des forces armees a partir de la composante ecossaise des forces britanniques. Elle devrait se prononcer sur son adhesion a l'OTAN, le futur de la base nucleaire strategique de Faslane et definir ses relations de securite avec son environnement. Inventaire des questions ouvertes par cette perspective.

 

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SOVEREIGNTY Reforming the Notion of National Sovereignty by External Intervention / by Michael Steinberg., 2013. (DEFENSE & SECURITY ANALYSIS, vol. 29, no. 1, March 2013, p. 68-75.) ID Number: JA029284 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Steinberg, Michael In principle, national sovereignty is the right of a nation to govern its internal affairs without foreign interference. In practice, it is defined by one's interpretation of international law, which may permit legal external intervention under some circumstances, ultimately removing a nation's sovereignty. This paper examines the current system of international law outlined by the United Nations, analyses the ambiguities contained within its Charter and elaborates on how external intervention can be justified. The case-study of recent developments related to Libya demonstrates that the manner in which international law is interpreted is changing the notion of principles of sovereignty. STATES, SMALL--FOREIGN RELATIONS Thinking Outside the Bloc : Explaining the Foreign Policies of Small States., 2013. (SECURITY STUDIES, vol. 22, no. 1, January - March 2013, p. 98-131.) ID Number: JA029368 Type: ART What explains change and continuity in the foreign policy behavior of small states ? Given the proliferation of small states over the past century, this topic has received relatively little systematic attention. When researchers do focus on small states, the emphasis has been on external and international factors, and the primary conclusion has been that small states are more likely to bandwagon with threatening great powers than to balance against them. In this article, the authors suggest that state- and individual-level variables can play a greater role in explaining the foreign policy behavior of small states and that small states sometimes choose to balance rather than bandwagon, especially when elite ideology is deeply embedded in formulating foreign policy. The authors develop this claim in terms of elite ideas about the identity and purpose of the state and examine its plausibility using primary sources and exclusive interviews with the security and foreign policy elite in Georgia. They find that this approach offers a more plausible explanation of Georgia's otherwise puzzling foreign policy behavior than frameworks that focus on the international or regional system. Although Georgia may be the exception that proves the rule, it can advance an understanding of the conditions under which standard explanations of small-state foreign policy behavior may miss their predictive mark and when incorporating the role of elite ideas can provide additional explanatory leverage.

 

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STRATEGY 'The Strange Voyage' : A Short Precis on Strategy / by Richard D. Hooker., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 59-68.) ID Number: JA029391 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hooker, Richard D. Why is strategy difficult ? How do we avoid ending strategic ventures in frustration and indecisive results ? SWITZERLAND--MILITARY POLICY Suisse : securite et defense d'un petit pays / by Dominique Andrey., 2013. (REVUE DEFENSE NATIONALE, no. 759, avril 2013, p. 27-33.) ID Number: JA029287 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Andrey, Dominique Dans cette presentation des specificites de l'appareil de securite suisse qu'en fait le chef des forces terrestres de la Confederation, on decouvre le modele decentralise et mobilisable d'une population concernee au quotidien par sa securite, mais aussi la tentation d'evoluer vers une force militaire fondee sur le volontariat. SYRIA--HISTORY--PROTESTS, 2011- Syria Contextualized : The Numbers Game / by Musa Al-Gharbi., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 56-67.) ID Number: JA029330 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Al-Gharbi, Musa The Unknown Future of Syria / by David W. Lesch., 2013. (MEDITERRANEAN POLITICS, vol. 18, no. 1, March 2013, p. 97-103.) ID Number: JA029337 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lesch, David W. La Syrie, quel enjeu pour la Russie ? / by Frederic Pichon., 2013. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, vol. 78, no. 1, 2013, p. 107-118.) ID Number: JA029298 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Pichon, Frederic Tres varies sont les interets russes qui se manifestent dans l'affaire syrienne. Les livraisons d'armement ont aisement survecu a l'effondrement de l'URSS. Mais Moscou defend aussi traditionnellement dans cette region les minorites chretiennes, en meme temps qu'elle valorise le laicisme affiche du regime alaouite contre les tentations islamistes. Plus largement, la Russie se reinsere dans le jeu moyen-oriental, tout en reaffirmant contre l'Occident la preeminence du principe de non-ingerence.

 

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TERRORISM A Battlefield of Meanings : The Struggle for Identity in the UN Debates on a Definition of International Terrorism / by Eva Herschinger., 2013. (TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE, vol. 25, no. 2, April - June 2013, p. 183-201.) ID Number: JA029363 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Herschinger, Eva For nearly forty years, debates on a definition of international terrorism as part of a comprehensive convention have been preoccupying the United Nations. This article challenges conventional approaches referring to divergences in national interests and preferences, or to institutional constraints and national legal traditions, to explain why no definition has been agreed upon. It analyzes the inconclusive debates from a critical perspective and argues that the continuous search for a definition can be understood through the prism of collective identity struggles : the desire to define terrorism is not only the desire to give a precise content to terrorism and, thereby, create the identity of an Other. It is also the desire to create a collective identity, a 'Self', representing and uniting those who oppose terrorism. By applying a discursive understanding of collective identity construction to analyze the UN debates, the article elucidates how strongly the definition of terrorism hinders a common understanding among those who are opposing terrorism. Thereby, the analysis highlights that the demonization of terrorism foremost impedes a homogeneous understanding of a collective Self, ready to confront and define terrorism in the first place. TRANSNATIONAL CRIME Transnational Organised Crime and International Security : A Primer / by James Bergeron., 2013. (RUSI JOURNAL, vol. 158, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 6-9.) ID Number: JA029392 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bergeron, James Crime is central to security concerns and to defence and policing activities. The author explores the nexus between transnational organised crime and international security, and the role that the military can play in combating organised crime. Grievance to Greed : The Global Convergence of the Crime-Terror Threat / by Vanessa Neumann., 2013. (ORBIS, vol. 57, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 251-267.) ID Number: JA029358 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Neumann, Vanessa The threat is real, deadly and serious - for everyone, not just the United States. The rapid collapse of distinctions between transnational criminal organizations and terrorist organizations has led to a threat convergence the likes of which we have not seen before and are only beginning to understand. Transnational organized criminals and foreign terrorist organizations have linked (both wittingly and not) in what we now call the crime-terror pipeline, or CTP. While the intellectual landscape of the problem is still under study, its scale and relevance have made it squarely a Tier-One national security threat, as codified in the White House Strategy to Combat Transnational Organized Crime.

 

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TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS A Work in Progress : The New Turkish Foreign Policy / by Hakan Fidan., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 91-96.) ID Number: JA029332 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Fidan, Hakan Turkey's 'Double Gravity' Predicament : The Foreign Policy of a Newly Activist Power / by Philip Robins., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 381-397.) ID Number: JA029273 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Robins, Philip In November 2012 it was ten years since the Justice and Development Party became the party of government in Turkey. During that time, it has raised its profile abroad and sought to project its influence. In particular, it has tried to increase its impact on the European Union and the Middle East - the primary regions to which Turkey lies adjacent. This approach has been parcelled up in the name of turning Turkey from a state of marginal importance into a 'centre' country. The relationship to the EU got off to a good start; Turkey adopted liberal EU norms wholesale, before relations soured over Cyprus and membership in general. By 2006, ties were moribund. Links with the Middle East also started well. Turkey avoided the worst effects of the 2003 Iraq war; and its stature was at its zenith in the early months of the 'Arab Spring', when it raised the slogan 'let the people decide'. But this was hubris. By the summer of 2011, it had become clear that Turkey had miscalculated both with regard to the timing of regime change in Syria and its own leverage, whether on the ground or with NATO. Rather than a new, transregional power house, Turkey looked tentative, frequently inert and increasingly dependent on NATO. Turkey remains a country subject to the highly contrasting twin gravities of the EU and the Middle East in spite of its leadership aspirations and its will to accomplish more. TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--ISRAEL Turkish-Israeli Relations : Their Rise and Fall / by Umut Uzer., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 97-110.) ID Number: JA029333 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Uzer, Umut TURKEY--FOREIGN RELATIONS--SYRIA Turkish-Syrian Relations : From Friend 'Esad' to Enemy "Esed' / by Birgul Demirtas., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 111-120.) ID Number: JA029334 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Demirtas, Birgul

 

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UKRAINE--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Ukraine : Politics and Society., 2013. (DEMOKRATIZATSIYA, vol. 21, no. 2, Spring 2013, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA029320 Type: ART UNITED NATIONS--PEACEKEEPING FORCES In the Business of Peace : The Political Influence of Private Military and Security Companies on UN Peacekeeping / by Ase Gilje Ostensen., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING, vol. 20, no. 1, February 2013, p. 33-47.) ID Number: JA029292 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ostensen, Ase Gilje Private military and security companies increasingly perform services for the UN. The article describes how these companies are used by the UN organization and become part of UN operations. Their participation influences the planning and implementation of UN peacekeeping. By performing tasks such as protective security, security training, peacekeeper training, counselling and intelligence, private companies influence both the epistemological and operational dynamics of peacekeeping. This not only diffuses authority over peacekeeping into the commercial market, it often happens with a very low degree of transparency. USA--ARMED FORCES--ARMORED TROOPS Why the U.S. Army Needs Armor : The Case for a Balanced Force / by Chris MacKinney... [et al.]., 2013. (FOREIGN AFFAIRS, vol. 92, no. 3, May - June 2013, p. 129-136.) ID Number: JA029295 Type: ART Author(s): 1. MacKinney, Chris 2. Elfendahl, Mark 3. MacMaster, H. R. USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS The Irony of American Strategy : Putting the Middle East in Proper Perspective / by Richard N. Haass., 2013. (FOREIGN AFFAIRS, vol. 92, no. 3, May - June 2013, p. 57-67.) ID Number: JA029293 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Haass, Richard N. The Responsibility Doctrine / by Nina Hachigian, David Shorr., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 73-91.) ID Number: JA029325 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hachigian, Nina 2. Shorr, David For the last four years, US foreign policymakers have implemented what might be called the 'responsibility doctrine' - prodding other influential nations to help foster a stable, peaceful world order - using at least a dozen underappreciated tactics which are, for the first time, catalogued here.

 

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USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA Accommodating China / by Amitai Etzioni., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 45-60.) ID Number: JA029309 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Etzioni, Amitai America and its allies have little reason to replay the Cold War by seeking to contain China. Accommodating expansion of Beijing's influence is more likely to lead to a peaceful relationship. USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--IRAN Avoid Repeating Mistakes toward Iran / by Hooshang Amirahmadi, Shahir ShahidSaless., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 145-162.) ID Number: JA029327 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Amirahmadi, Hooshang 2. ShahidSaless, Shahir The United States and Iran have arrived at a crossroads of peace and war, but the current US assumption that its carrot-and stick policy is working overlooks history and misunderstands both Iran's national identity and its politics. Thankfully, there is a way out. An Opportunity for a U.S.-Iran Paradigm Shift / by Hossein Mousavian., 2013. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 36, no. 1, Winter 2013, p. 129-144.) ID Number: JA029326 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Mousavian, Hossein The former Iranian ambassador argues that the Arab Awakenings have opened an opportunity for Washington and Tehran to seek common interests, but warns that mutual perceptions that the other is weakening could once again lead that opportunity to be missed. Recalibrating American Grand Strategy : Softening US Policies Toward Iran in Order to Contain China / by Samir Tata., 2013. (PARAMETERS, vol. 42, no. 4, Winter - Spring 2013, p. 47-58.) ID Number: JA029390 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Tata, Samir Can the US recalibrate its position vis-a-vis Iran to contain a rising China and remain a preeminent global power ? USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--MIDDLE EAST The Obama Approach to the Middle East : The End of America's Moment ? / by Fawaz Gerges., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 299-323.) ID Number: JA029279 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Gerges, Fawaz As Obama begins his second term, this article takes stock of his foreign policy approach towards the Middle East. It lays out four big arguments. First, Obama's foreign policy in the Middle East has demonstrated more continuity with the past than real change. While shifting his approach significantly from Bush's, Obama has adopted a centrist-realist approach towards the region, consistent with the dominant US foreign policy orientation. Second, from Palestinian-Israeli peace to Afghanistan, Obama's conduct testifies to

 

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the structural-institutional continuity of US foreign policy . More than in any other region in the world, presidential policy in the Middle East is hampered by institutional, bureaucratic and domestic politics. America's dysfunctional political culture has imposed severe constraints on Obama's ability to pursue an even-handed approach towards the enduring and preeminent Palestine question. Third, despite Obama's lofty rhetoric about a new start in relations between the United States and Muslim countries, the Middle East does not rank very high on his agenda. Putting America's fiscal house in order and renewing its long-term economic strength have been Obama's priorities. From the outset, Obama has been shifting US foreign policy priorities away from the Middle East to the Pacific and Asia where he and his aides believe that America's future lies. Finally, the article argues that the US finds itself in a similar position to that of Great Britain after the Second World War, at the beginning of the end of its hegemonic moment in the Middle East. The end of American hegemony in the region stems from internal and external clauses, including an awakened public opinion in the Middle East, the emergence of geostrategic and geo-economic regional powers with assertive foreign policies, America's relative economic decline and the high costs of war, and the shift in US foreign policy priorities to the Asia-Pacific region. USA--MILITARY RELATIONS--CHINA Competitive Strategies against Continental Powers : The Geopolitics of Sino-Indian-American Relations / by Evan Braden Montgomery., 2013. (JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES, vol. 36, no. 1, February 2013, p. 76-100.) ID Number: JA029343 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Montgomery, Evan Braden This article makes three arguments about the Sino-American competition, the Sino-Indian rivalry, and the US-India partnership. First, past maritime-continental rivalries suggest that China will pose a greater challenge to American interests as it confronts fewer threats on land, while the US may require continental allies to counter-balance China's rise. Second, whereas a Sino-Indian continental security dilemma could benefit the US by compelling China to invest in capabilities that do not threaten it, Sino-Indian maritime security dilemma could have the opposite effect. Third, Washington should consider India as a prospective continental ally rather than a potential maritime partner. USA--MILITARY RELATIONS--EAST ASIA Rebalancing the Burden in East Asia / Miere Christian Le., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 31-41.) ID Number: JA029312 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Miere Christian Le The US rebalance to the Asia-Pacific appears to be failing to either reassure allies or deter China. And there are clear limitations to any new alliance system.

 

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USA. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Evaluating CIA's Analytic Performance : Reflections of a Former Analyst / by Stephen Marrin., 2013. (ORBIS, vol. 57, no. 2, Spring 2013, p. 325-339.) ID Number: JA029361 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Marrin, Stephen Many people point to high profile failures like 9/11 an Iraq as indicators that CIA's analytic performance is inadequate or flawed. Flawed by design. A legacy of ashes. A culture of failure. Or so goes the conventional wisdom. Fortunately this conventional wisdom is wrong. These so-called failures more accurately represent the perennial dilemmas and tradeoffs associated with the analytic function and, most importantly, the inappropriate expectation that these observers hold of CIA's ability to prevent surprises. As a matter of fact, there is much that people do not fully understand about the CIA. WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION--LIBYA Disarming Libya ? A Reassessment after the Arab Spring / by Nathan E. Busch, Joseph F. Pilat., 2013. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 89, no. 2, March 2013, p. 451-475.) ID Number: JA029276 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Busch, Nathan E. 2. Pilat, Joseph F. In 2011, several months after a popular revolt overturned the Gaddafi regime in Libya, Libya's new National Transitional Council announced the discovery of what was later confirmed to be an undeclared stockpile of chemical weapons. This was a startling announcement to many observers, since Libya had publicly renounced its weapons of mass destruction (WMD) programmes in 2003 and had apparently dismantled the programmes soon after. Although the Libyan case had repeatedly been referred to as a positive 'model' for nonproliferation - an instance where a country has voluntarily and peacefully rolled back its WMD programs - this recent discovery forces us to wonder whether the Libyan 'model' really was as successful as initially described. This article examines the successes, challenges and lessons that can be learned from the Libyan case of WMD renunciation and verification. As one model of cooperative verification, the Libyan case highlights not only the opportunities offered by monitoring and verification regimes, but also some of the difficulties that any such regime will encounter in real-world circumstances, however positive. WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION--USA War and/of Words : Constructing WMD in US Foreign Policy / by Michelle Bentley., 2013. (SECURITY STUDIES, vol. 22, no. 1, January - March 2013, p. 68-97.) ID Number: JA029367 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bentley, Michelle The article provides an examination of the use of concepts - specifically 'weapons of mass destruction' (WMD) - in security discourse. There are two key aspects to this discussion. First, the paper disputes current perceptions of WMD conceptual meaning. By analyzing the origins of the concept within the context of US foreign policy c. 1945-48, it is shown that, far from the fixed concept this has been assumed to be, WMD has been defined in a wide variety of ways. Second, this paper demonstrates that these shifts in conceptual meaning are the strategic and intentional product of security actors.

 

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In the case of the concept's emergence, US policymakers exploited the concept as a political resource where its selective definition created an opportunity to manipulate and shape the post-Hiroshima arms control regime. This article discusses this in relation to the work of Quentin Skinner - in particular, his conception of the 'innovating ideologist'. WMD NONPROLIFERATION--MIDDLE EAST A WMD-Free Zone in the Middle East ? / by Gawdat Bahgat., 2013. (MIDDLE EAST POLICY, vol. 20, no. 1, Spring 2013, p. 30-38.) ID Number: JA029329 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bahgat, Gawdat WOMEN AND THE MILITARY--USA Women in Combat / by Ben Barry., 2013. (SURVIVAL vol. 55, no. 2, April - May 2013, p. 19-29.) ID Number: JA029310 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Barry, Ben The Pentagon's decision to remove the direct ground combat exclusion rule for women is more nuanced than often described. Particular specialities or units may still remain closed.