METHODS OF SAMPLiNG AND TESTING

NOMINAL NOMINAL NOMIHAL NOM I I A L

METHODS OF SAMPLING AND I'EbTING

Stapdard Method of Test for 'I Penetration of Bitaminous Materials

AASHTO DESlGNATlON T49-80' (ASTM DESIGNATION D5-73 (1978))

I. SCOPE 1.1 Thts method describes a procedure for determmng the penetration of scml solrd and solid

haummous mater~als

2. OUTLINE OF METHOD 2.1 The sample 15 melted and cooled under controlled condtt~ons The penetration IS mresurcd

utth a penetrarncter by means of which a standard needle IS applttd to the sample

3J The penerratton of a b~tumlnous rnatenal IS the dlstance In tenths of a mtll~rnner that a standard needle penetrates verttcally Into a sample of the rnatenal under fixed condttions of ccnlpcraturc load. and Ume

4. APPARATUS

4.2 NNl+dlr--The nssdl~, figure 1, shall be made from M y budtard md tempered rtunio~ rtal. grda 440 C or equrl. HRC 54 to 60. It &dl be appronmatdy 50 mm (2 m.) ur l ag& and 1 00 to 1.02 mm (0 039 to 0.W in.) m diameter, It &dl be symmetndy taped at one tad to a mne whose angle &ail 5a Jsm the range of 8.7 to 9.7 d g over the eatvs length fmm htll nsbdle dumetc?. kud whose uu &&I bs comadent & the needle uu rnthm 0.0127 mm ( 0 . W ur.) mumum ranout (total mdlecrtor rwhg) . Aftar tapering, the pout rbrll be ground off to a t m m W mffi the d a brra of which rhd be fmm 0.14 to 0.16 mm (0.0055 to 0 0063 m.) m dumem. Th. -n ~B I I bs qutc atth thenadle marthin 2 deg, .nd the edge shd be &up and ikon fmm bum.

4.2.1 When the &aa tcrhm of the trpcred cone surf~cc n memu4 m rrth A m m a Nrtlond Standuds Instatute Staadud 346 1, the surface roughness ha& rhll be 0.2 to 0 3 p m (8 to 12 g m.) mtbmctle amage.

4.2.2 The erpoicd leu@ ofthe needle when mounted la the chuck of t h e m m t r u m in a farule &.ll be appromatdy 40 to 45 mm (1 57 to 1.77 in.). When the needle u mounted m r fcrruic, the ferrule shall be a cylmdncal rod, 3 20 0 05 mm (0 126 2 0 002 a ) In dtarncter and ~ p p m x ~ m ~ t e l y 38 mm (1 5 m.) i n g , made of stunleu steel or brass, tn which thr o d e shd be nmdly and coaxidlv mounted. The wa&t of the fsrm)e needle rucmbly &dl be 2.50 t 0.05 g. (A dnll hole is pcnn~u~bie at the sad ofthe to control ws~ght.)

4.3 fontuttwr--A contatnet, In whtch the sample is tested. made of metal or glass cyltndr~cal In 5hdpe .~nd havtng d flat bottom Thcconta~ner to be used tor rnatertak havlng a penetrotton ot 200 or less \hall hsvea nom~nal capacrty of 3 oz(90 ml) tts tnslde d~rncns~ons shall be errenttally as follows 55

' Slmrlu but not ~cchs~calh ldcnnal to ASTM method

METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING T49

ilrnr (2 17 m I In diameter and 35 mm (1 38 in.) in depth The contarner to be uscd for materials havrng ,I penctratlon over ZOO shall have a nomrnal capacrty ot 6 oz ( 1 75 ml) rts fnstde drmcns3ons shall be t\sent~ailv .is tollour 70 mm (2 75 ~n ~n drameter and 45 mrn (1 77 in )in depth

N o n 2 --ornufin k w n u tin bmo or u mualar aimtmmt bow m y k Wrd In dhmmmm m h l m l ~ lo th a h nqu~mmclrr

4.4 W ~ W Bmh-A rrta bath datau~ed at a tempt.t9ra vyms not more thrn O.lC (O.2Tl fmm the tom- of the teb. The mlume of rrtor s h d not k lsrc t&a 10 litra. l t m h~dtheblthrhdbssuchth.tthepsrfo~rhelIrrinb.rtl~SOmmlbave thelmtto~~dthe

I

i 4 5 fmnster Dish l o r Contame-When uscd. the transfer dtsh for the contamer shall be a rylrnderurth LI flat bottom modeof @m. metal. or plastic It shall be pmv~ded w ~ t h some means whlch urlt tmurc a tinn bearrng and prevent m k r n g of the contarner It shall have a mrnrmum rnsrde I dramcter of 90 nim (3 5 rn )and a rntnrmum depth above the bottom beanng of 55 mm (2 f 7 in )

4.6 Tkmrrromum )k W a u Bd-The followkg thumomtas mafommg to its r c q b

1 m d of ASTM Sped& E 1, ASTM Thennomatam am reqdruk 4 . For tests at 25 C (77 F) use an ASTM Saybolt. V~scos~ty Thermometer 17 C (or 17 R havtng ;l ranged 19 to 27 C(66 to 8D PI The thermometer shall be rrnmcrscd in the bath 1 S O f IS 111111

I 4.63 For tests at 0 C (32 FI and 4 C (39 2 F) use ASTM Prcewon Thermometer 63 C (or 63 F) hnvrng a range of -8 to + 32 C I18 to 89 F) The thermometer shall be mmencd In the bath 1% &IS mm.

4 6 3 For tars at 46 1 C (I IS F1 use ASTM Prcc~s~on Thermometer 64 C (or 64F) hawng a range of 25 to 55 C (77 to 131 F1. The thermometer shall be rmmerssd m the bath 150 f IS mrn

4.64 SfiKstbs-afasWraalbkdepsndsntupondowly-Ilsdm- codtimu, thsth-tusdhthr-b&rhonldhcrlibntsdbpMEn. h p d m , T&. and S t u r d u d W h of Etched-Stcm Uptud-m-Gfur Tbamometem

4.7 ~ l h m - P m h a a d ~ p s n e t ? o m c t c r r ~ y ~ ~ r m f i 3 l t ~ d w i a s l l c h u p J s d n c t r m o r , ~ ~ ~ , o r o t h ~ s p r m g . l r t l * r t s d d m c s m a g k d p r m i d s d i t k ~ m 0 . 1 s o r I a r m d ~ ~ t o r r t b r a $0.1 sTotr60r~.Aa~1dibIsmmndrrwntardfrrrbbd topmndsfbat~OSsmr~rlrobs~.Thatimsfor.nll-colmthtahlmustb6S * 0.1s.w U t t O a u t a ~ ~ ~ . t r r d r t d ~ ~ ~ ~ l l t ~ b s ~ ~ r r t l b r r t # l ~ p r o r i d . t h s & r i f i d ~ ~ n r t b m * 0.1 s.

4& H ~ A a ~ o r ~ p ~ ~ h r r t d ~ ~ a ~ , M k p m n d s d f a m d t t n g Irmpla.

5. PREPARATION OF SAMPLE

5.1 Then with constant startng, r a m the temperature of the asphalt sample not more than 100 C or 180 F above t t s expected soRenrng p a n t or the tar-p~tch sample not more than 56 C or

101 F above rts softenmg pomt determrncd In accordance wrth the Method o f T a t for Softenmg patnt of Brtumrnous Materials ( ~ng-and-Ball Method)-AASHTO T53

5.2 Loosely cover each co f tarncr and ~ t s contents as a protcctron against dust and allow to cooi In an atmosphere at a temperature not hrghcr than 30 C or 86 F and no lower than 20 C or 68 F Tor not less than 1 l/i nor more than 2 h when the sample ts ~n r 175 mi (6 oz) contatner and for not Icss than 1 nor more than I % h whcn the sample IS In 90 mi (3 oz) contamer Then piace the sample tn the water bath marntarnd at the prcscnbed temperature o i test. along with thc transfer d ~ s h I T uscd and allow ~t to remam for not l a s tban 1% h nor more than 2 h when the sample IS in the 115 ml (6 OZ) contamer, and for not less than 1 nor more than 1% h whcn the sample 1s in 3 90 ml (3 oz) contarner

6. TEST CONDITIONS

6.1 Where the cond~trons of test are not spccrftcally mcntroncd the tempcraturr. lasd and trme .trc undentood to be ZS C(77 F). 100 g. 5 5 ~ . rupectrvely Other condrtrons of tempmtute. load. and tlnil nidy he uwd for spec~al tatlng. such as

I s ~ c h cases. the spectfic condrt~ons of t a t shall be mponed

7 PROCEDURE

7 1 Unless otherwise specrfied, placc the 50 g waght above the needle, mahng the nomtnai tntai load of 100 g for the needle and attachment If t a t s are made with the pcnctntton apparatus nrountd In the bath. place thc sample contatner drrectly on the submaged stand of the penetration dpparatus If tests are made w ~ t h the sarnpke in the bath and the p n a n t r o n apparatus outs~de the bath place thecontarneron the shelf pmwded In the bath In the above p d u m the rontalna shall be kept completely submerged duttng the complete ttst If t a r s are made usmg the t n n s f a d ~ s h wrth the pnetratron apparatus outs~de the bath place the sample In adtsh filled wth water from the bath to d depth to cover completely the sample contamer Then place the transfer duh fontrlnrng the sampk tm the stand of the penetration apparatus and penetrate rrnrncdmtely. in u c h care. adjust the needle loaded wrth the speerficd werght to just make contact w ~ t h the surface of the sample Accompl~sh thrs by niakrng contact of the actual needle pomt wrth its Image reflected by the surface of the sample from J properly placed source of l~ght (Note 4) Erther note the readtng of the d ~ a l or bnng the pornter to lero Then qurckly release the needle for the spcc~ficd period of tame and adjust the instrument to measure the drstancc penetrated Observe the sample container as the medle IS applred. and ~f any nrttvenicnt ot the contamer is noted Ignore the m u l t

73 M ~ r t l c l l a t h r r s ~ I t p r n t r o n t h e s u r f r c c a f ~ e ~ l l ~ p ~ ~ n o t r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l O m m (38 in.) from tho mds of the foat.mar ~ n d not ima thsn f 0 mm (3/8 la.) *put If the ~~ISI%T dish u used, nturn the dish and srmpls to the wb* brth rfta' uch paatdon. &Ema u c b t a t . c l u a the n c d e +Ith a d m cloth morctmd mth toluene or 0 t h surtrble mivent to m o w dl d h e m g b ~ ~ . sad then mpe with a dela d q clot.. For partEnbon rdum than 2DO. use at lcrrt tbrsc n d o , lmmg &an m the vmpls until complctlan dtha panatrrtions