Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 1 of 10)

1. _______________________ antibodies isolated from blood serum

2. _______________________ substances that stimulates adaptive immune response 3. _______________________ substance/organism that causes disease/damage to the

body 4. _______________________ fluid between cells 5. _______________________ fluid in blood 6. _______________________ lipid rich substance carried by lacteals in small intestines 7. _______________________ lymph duct that drains lymph from the right upper limb 8. _______________________ two large veins into which the thoracic ducts empty 9. _______________________ lymphatic tissue surrounding arteries in the spleen 10. _______________________ the site for maturation of T-cell lymphocytes

11. _______________________ the ability to resist damage from pathogens

12. _______________________ first line of defense for an organism that has never been

encountered before

13. _______________________ cells that engulf and destroy particles 14. _______________________ inflammation limited to a specific part of the b ody

15. _______________________ movement of white blood cells towards chemicals

released by pathogens or damaged blood vessels. 16. _______________________ cells in red bone marrow capable of giving rise to all types

of blood cells 17. _______________________ the ability for adaptive immunity to improve the immune

response to a particular pathogens over subsequent exposures

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 2 of 10) 18. Give the three functions of the lymphatic system

19. Name five differences between the lymphatic system vessels and cardiovascular system

vessels (you can name 7 for extra credit)

20. give the specific term for the structures in the diagram

A. ____________________________________

B. ____________________________________

C. ____________________________________

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 3 of 10) 21. Give the term for each part of A. ______________________________________

the lymphatic system

B. ______________________________________

C. ______________________________________

D. ______________________________________

E. ______________________________________

F. ______________________________________

G. ______________________________________

H. ______________________________________

22. Matching

(1) __________ lymphocytes that can hunt pathogens within body tissues. A. basophil

(2) __________ lymphocytes that secrete histamine B. macrophage

(3) __________ lymphocytes that attack multicellular parasites C. mast cells

(4) __________ lymphocytes found in connective tissue, mucous membrane D. neutrophil

(5) __________ lymphocytes that release granules that are toxic to E. eosinophil bacteria and fungi, lymphocyte also performs phagocytosis

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 4 of 10) 23. Histological Structures in the spleen

A. _____________________________________

B. _____________________________________

24. Write the correct name for the immunoglobulin (antibody) type

That matches the description or illustration.

(1) __________ Present in the largest numbers

(2) __________ found in saliva, tears, breast milk

(3) __________ activates B cells

(4) __________ largest and heaviest

(5) __________ first antibody to arrive at the site on an infection

(6) __________can cross the placenta

(7) __________ antigen binding receptor on B cells

(8) __________ binds to mast cells and basophils

(9) __________ least numerous 12. __________

(10) __________ 13. __________

(11) __________ 14, __________

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 5 of 10) True or False (write out the entire word) 25. _______________ Many different antibodies can be made against a single antigen (true) 26. _______________Fragments of foreign proteins are antibodies (false) 27. _______________ Viruses and self-proteins are examples of proteins produced inside the

cell (true) 28. _______________ A person with type O blood may receive blood from a person with

type B blood (false) 29. _______________ When a virus infects a cell, some of the viral proteins are broken down

into peptide fragments (true)

30. _______________ A plasma cell is a mature helper T cell that produces antibodies (false) 31. _______________ Histamine is released from mast cells (true) 32. _______________ A helper T cell must become activated before it can stimulate a B cell to

produce antibodies (true) 33. _______________The secondary immune response to a previously encountered pathogen

is swifter and stronger than the primary immune response (true) 34. _______________ innate immunity is responsible for allergic reactions (false) 35. _________ Which of the following are NOT true about cell mediated immunity A. involves T cells B. is activated by antigen presenting cells C. acts against bacteria in interstitial fluid D. is effective against tumors E. all of the above are true of cell mediated immunity

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 6 of 10) 36. _________ Which kind of immunity is most effective against viruses? A. innate immunity B. cell mediated immunity C. antibody mediated immunity D. cytotoxic cell immunity E. all of the above are effective against viral infections 37. __________ Antigens

A. Are considered normal by the immune system B. Are usually made of lipids C. Are foreign substances that elicit an immune response D. Have two light chains and two heavy chains E. None of the above

38. __________ Bacterial cells

A. Have only one identifiable antigen that binds an antibody B. Has two identifiable antigens that bind antibodies C. Have many different antigens and each binds a specific antibody D. Do not bind to antigens E. None of the above

39. __________ An individual antibody is made against

A. A whole bacterial cell B. Only one site on the surface of a bacterial cell C. Only one antigen on a bacterial cell D. All of the combined antigens on a bacterial cell surface E. The cell DNA

40. __________ The lymphatic system plays a role in maintaining balance within the body by

A. Adding lymph to gastrointestinal tract secretions B. Returning interstitial fluid to plasma C. Transporting lymph from tissue to the liver D. Carrying excess fluid to the kidney to be excreted E. Actively absorbing fluid from the blood

41. __________ Lymph

A. Is found only when there is a pathological condition that allows it to leak from capillaries

B. Is excess interstitial fluid C. Is filtered by the spleen D. Is synthesized by the lymphoid organs E. All choices are correct

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 7 of 10) 42. __________ What structural feature of lymphatic vessels is responsible for forward

movement of lymph? A. Porous capillaries B. Valves C. Thin walls D. Pumping of the heart E. All of the above

43. __________ Which of the following is the molecule that displays an antigen on the surface?

A. Antibody B. Antigen receptor C. Major histocompatibility complex molecule D. All of the above

44. __________ What is the nonspecific lymphocyte that kills tumor cells and virus infected

cells? A. Macrophages B. Natural killer cells C. Eosinophils D. Basophils E. None of the above

45. __________ Tonsils

A. Increase in size in adults B. Are located in both the oral and abdominal cavities C. Provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities D. Contain red pulp and white pulp E. Are not functional in children

46. __________ Which of the following is the proper order of events in cell-mediated

immunity? (1) Cloning of cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells (2) Antigen presented to T lymphocyte (3) Activation of T lymphocytes (4) Cytotoxic T cells attack target cells

A. 2, 3, 4, 1 B. 1, 4, 2, 3 C. 2, 3, 1, 4 D. 3, 2, 4, 1 E. 1, 2, 3, 4

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 8 of 10) 47. ____________ Which of the following is correctly matched?

A. IgA – found in saliva B. IgD – can cross the placenta C. IgG – first to challenge the antigen D. IgM – antigen-binding receptor on B cells E. IgE – ABO transfusion reactions

48. __________ What is the cell that is responsible for a secondary antibody response to an

antigen? A. Memory B cell B. Plasma cell C. Cytotoxic T cell D. All of the above are responsible

49. __________ T cells are divided into two primary groups, cells that regulate other immune cells and cells that actively kill invading cells. Which of the following are regulatory cells?

A. Helper T cells B. Cytotoxic T cells C. Chemotaxic T cells D. Hypersensitivity T cells E. Assistant T cells

50. ___________ Active natural immunity occurs when

A. Antibodies pass from a pregnant mother to her fetus B. Antibodies are injected into a host C. An individual develops a disease D. A person is vaccinated E. Antibodies are passed in breast milk

51. __________ Which of the following infections is cell-mediated immunity NOT effective against?

A. Viruses B. Allergic reactions C. Bacteria inside of cells D. All of these are correct

52. __________ All of the following processes can be activated by complement except

A. Inflammation B. Antibody production C. Lysis of cells D. None of these

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 9 of 10)

53. __________ People with type AB blood have A. Both type A and type B antigens on their red blood cells B. Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their serum C. An antigen on their red blood cells and anti-B antibodies in their serum D. Both type A and type B antigens on their red blood cells AND both anti-A and anti-B

antibodies in their serum E. None of these

54. __________ When type B blood is given to a person with type A blood

a. B antigen from the donor reacts with anti-B antibody in the recipient b. B antigen from the recipient reacts with anti-B antibody in the donor c. B antigen from the donor react with anti-A antibody in the recipient d. A antigen from the donor reacts with anti-A antibody in the recipient e. No reaction occurs

55. __________ Cytotoxic T cells

A. Recognize receptors on B cells B. Produce Self proteins C. Produce Antibodies, which cause agglutination of infected cells D. Produce Perforin, which makes holes in cell membrane of infected cells

56. __________ Infected cells

A. Display peptide fragments of degraded viral proteins on their cell surface B. Are not affected by T cells C. Lyse T cells D. None of the above

57. __________ Cytotoxic T-cells attack

A. Viruses B. Bacteria C. Cells that display foreign proteins on their surface D. Viruses and bacteria E. All of the above

58. ___________ On the first exposure to antigen, helper T cells

A. Become activated and increase in number B. Increase inflammation C. Cause skin lesions D. Attract more macrophages

Name: _________________________________ A&P Chapter 14 Practice Test (p. 10 of 10)

59. __________ Histamine released by mast cells leads to all of the following symptoms EXCEPT A. Dilation of capillaries B. Airway constriction C. High fever D. Mucus secretion E. Itching

60. __________ A helper T cell becomes activated by A. Plasma cell B. Antigen presenting cell C. B cell D. Memory cell E. All of the above

61. __________ The two types of phagocytes in innate immunity are

A. Macrophages and basophils B. Eosinophils and neutrophils C. Neutrophils and macrophages D. Mast cells and basophils E. None of the above

62. _________ innate immune system cells that cause inflammation

A. Macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils B. Macrophages, mast cells, basophils C. Mast cells, eosinophils, basophils D. Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Chapter 14 Practice Test Answers

1. Antiserum 2. Antigen 3. Pathogen 4. Interstitial fluid 5. Plasma 6. Chyle 7. Right lymphatic duct 8. Subclavian veins 9. White pulp 10. Thymus 11. Immunity 12. Innate immunity (non-specific immunity) 13. Phagocyte 14. Local inflammation 15. Chemotaxis 16. Stem cells 17. Memory (specificity is also a good answer) 18. (1) fluid balance

(2) lipid absorption (3) defense

19. (1) The lymphatic system is an open system but the cardiovascular system is closed. (2) Capillaries in cardiovascular systems are less porous than those in lymphatic systems. (3) Lymph fluid has many more lymphocytes than blood plasma. (4) Lymph fluid moves due to skeletal muscle action and changes in pressure due to breathing. Blood moves by those methods but also by the pumping action of the heart. (5) Lymph vessels are not found in the central nervous system or bone marrow but cardiovascular vessels are found there. (6) All lymph vessels empty into increasingly larger vessels that move towards the heart. Cardiovascular vessels empty into both smaller and larger vessels and can be moving away from the heart as well as towards the heart. (7) All lymphatic vessels have valves. Some cardiovascular vessels do not have valves.

20. A. Pharyngeal tonsil B. Palantine tonsils C. Lingual tonsil 21. A. tonsils B. lymph node C. right lymphatic duct D. peyer’s patches in the intestinal wall E. red bone marrow F. thymus gland

G. thoracic duct H. spleen 22. (1) B. macrophage (2) A. basophil (3) E. eosinophil (4) C. mast cells (5) D. neutrophil 23. (A) white pulp (B) red pulp 24. (1) IgG (2) IgA (3) IgD (4) IgM (5) IgM (6) IgG (7) IgD (8) IgE (9) IgE (10) IgE (11) IgD (12) IgM (13) IgA (14) IgG 25. true 26. false 27. true 28. false 29. true 30. false 31. true 32. true 33. true 34. false 35. C. acts against bacteria in interstitial fluid 36. B. cell mediated immunity 37. C. are foreign substances that elicit an immune response 38. C. have many different antigens and each binds to a specific antibody 39. B. only one site on the surface of a bacterial cell 40. B. returning interstitial fluid to plasma 41. D. is synthesized by the lymphoid organs 42. B. valves 43. C. major histocompatibility complex molecule 44. B. natural killer cells 45. C. provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities

46. C. 2, 3, 1, 4 47. A. IgA – found in saliva 48. A. Memory B cell 49. A. Helper T cells 50. C. an individual develops a disease 51. B. allergic reactions 52. B. antibody production 53. A. Both type A and type B antigens on their red blood cells 54. A. B antigen from the donor reacts with anti-B antibody in the recipient 55. D. Produce Perforin, which makes holes in cell membrane of infected cells 56. A. display peptide fragments of degraded viral proteins on their cell surface 57. C. cells that display foreign proteins on their surface 58. A. become activated and increase in number 59. C. high fever 60. B. antigen presenting cell 61. C. neutrophils and macrophages 62. C. mast cells, eosinophils, basophils