ABPL 90300 CONSERVATION MATERIALSABPL 90300 CONSERVATION MATERIALS

a survey of building materialsa survey of building materialsMiles LewisMiles Lewis

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a hierarchy of use and survivala hierarchy of use and survival

hut of the Okobambi people, south-west Africa, and as used in the Olduvai Gorge, 1,800,000 BP, according to M D Leakey

Christine Flon [ed], The World Atlas of Archaeology (London 1985), p 308

Mammothbone hut

excavated at Metzhiritch

Ukraine, undated,

Ice Age, say 10,000 BC

Flon, World Atlas of Archaeology, p 2

th b h t timammoth bone house reconstructionLewis, Architectura, p 48

igloos under construction, on Igloolik Island, Nunapat, CanadaPaul Oliver, Dwellings: the Vernacular House World Wide (London 2003), p 23

West Stow Anglo-Saxon village, Suffolk, C6th-7th: reconstruction

Christine Flon [ed], The World Atlas of Archaeology (London 1985), p 104

the thatchingthe thatching process

CholdertonCholderton, Hampshire,

England:England: rethatching a roof

Lewis, Architectura, p 257Miles Lewis

summer house of the Sauk and Fox Indians, photo c 1885, Smithsonian Institute, USAPeter Nabokov & Robert Easton, Native American

Architecture (New York 1989), pp 22-3

'A View of a Hut in New South Wales‘Arthur Phillip, The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay (London 1789)

Selector's hut of logs, slab and bark, using no nails, owned by Mr Stocks of Croajingalong, Gippsland: J N Caire photograph, c 1870

State Library of Victoria

f b ildi H NSW b k f d i h ia farm building, Hargraves, NSW: bark roof supported with wireMiles Lewis

T B Pearce's bark house, Aireys Inlet, 1850sMiles Lewis

S d i d b i k f J i h 8000 BCSun-dried brick from Jericho, c 8000 BCJohn Woodforde, Bricks to Build a House (London 1976), p 19

adobe manufacture, West Aswan village, EgyptMiles Lewis

Mohenjo-Daro, Pakistan, c 2500-2000 BCLewis, Architectura, p 39

pitched vault, Haft Teppah, Iran, c 1500 BCMiles Lewis

experimental adobes, Haft TeppahMiles Lewis

the ziggurat, Choqa Zanbil, Iran, C13th BC: south flankMiles Lewis

second palace of Mallia, Crete, c 1700-1450 BCMiles Lewis

second palace of Mallia, detail of mud [cob] and rubble wallingMiles Lewis

thatched cob building, Somerset, UKLewis Architectura p 54Lewis, Architectura, p 54

Bear's Castle, Yan Yean, near Melbourne, 1840sMiles Lewis

Bear's Castle, older view c 1970Miles Lewis

sod house on the American prairies 1886sod house on the American prairies, 1886King, Homes for Home-Builders, p 101

Frank Visek sod house, south-west Custer County, NebraskaTim Turner, 'Sod Houses in Nebraska', APT Bulletin, VII, 4 (1975), p 26

Sod house in Buffalo County,

N b k dNebraska: modern view of decayed

wallwall

Turner, 'Sod Houses in Nebraska', p 34

the sod wall of the Ewins house, Blayney, NSW, c 1883: view and

detaildetail

Miles Lewis

Banzhu Qiang 'board formed earthen wall' or pisé ChinaBanzhu Qiang, board formed earthen wall , or pisé, ChinaGuo Qinghua, A Visual Dictionary of Chinese Architecture (Melbourne 2002), p 18

pisé illustrated by David Gilly,

Germany, 1788-9

David Gilly, Handbuch y,der Landbaukunst

(author, 2 vols, Berlin 1788-9)

'Pompallier House', Kororareka, New Zealand, by Louis Perret , 1841-2.Miles Lewis

'Pompallier House , interior pisé wall surfaceMiles Lewis

'Pompallier House , detail of restored pisé wall surfaceMiles Lewis

pisé according to Rondelet, Traité de l'Art de Bâtir of 1812,based upon experience in 1764

Pompallier House

view of the formwork used

in the t tirestoration

Miles Lewis

i d d ilpisard detail from Rondelet

pisards used at P lliPompallier

House

Rondelet, Traité de l'Art

de BâtirMiles Lewis

l f R d l tclamp from Rondeletclamps used at Pompallier

HHouse Rondelet, Traité de l'Art de Bâtir

Miles Lewis

b i k & tilb i k & tilbricks & tilesbricks & tiles

enamelled brick from Nimrud (?c 880-730 BC), British MuseumPerrott & Chipiez, Assyria and Chaldea, II, pl xiii, facing p 294, after Layard

terra cotta decoration of an Etruscan temple,Museo Archeologico, Arrezzo

Coarelli, Etruscan Cities, p 42

Roman brick and tile sizesand tile sizes

Campbell & PriceCampbell & Price, Brick, p 47

paving tiles with curved markings, Pammukale, TurkeyMiles Lewis

Roman brick stamp, Palatine Hill, RomeMiles Lewis

Women’s \C2nd 4thW ’ B th A i HWomen s \C2nd-4thMiles Lewis

Women’s Baths, Aquincum, HungaryMiles Lewis

W ’ B thWomen’s Baths, Aquincum

detail of ducting tilesdetail of ducting tiles(reproductions in

foreground)

Miles Lewis

San Vitale, exterior detail of brickworkByzantine brickwork at Resafe, North Syria, ?C6th

Miles Lewis

brickmaker’s stool, 1850(a) brick earth; (b) moulder’sand; (c) clot-moulder’s sand; (d) stock; (e) water tub;

(f) page; (g) pallets; (h) brick on pallet; (k) moulder’s place; (m) clot-moulder’s( ) page; (g) pa e s; ( ) b c o pa e ; ( ) ou de s p ace; ( ) c o ou de splace; (o) cuckold – for cutting off the ground earth as it comes from the pugmill

Dobson, Bricks and Tiles, II, p 16

EXTRUSION'Archimidean Pipe, Brick and Tile Machine', patented by Alfred Cornwell of Brunswick,

1863, and a similar machine published in 1872Victorian patent V646 (from the Commonwealth prints)

Town and Country Journal, 20 April 1872, p 492

B l & Sh 'Bulmer & Sharp's machine, 1861

wire cutters at Gulson's brickworks, Goulburn,

NSWNSW

Woodforde, Bricks to Build a House, p 113Miles LewisMiles Lewis

detail of a brick press at Gulson's Brickworks, Goulburn NSWMiles Lewis

brick markingsGemmell, And So We Graft, p 27

hacking, parallelhand moulding: base

pressing, screws holding kick

hacking: transverse, ?strawhand moulding: skiving of top face

extrusion: wire cutters

brick markingsGemmell, And So We Graft, p 27

i l b i k l I di 1869circular brick clamp, India, 1869W H M, 'Circular Brick Clamps', no CCXIX in Professional Papers on Indian Engineering, vol VI, pl viii

downdraught kiln, Gulson's Brickworks: breaking openMiles Lewis

fourteen chamber rectangular Hoffman kiln in plan

Cox, Brickmaking, p 43

the Upper Hawthorn Brick Company yards of Fritsch, Holzer & Co, c 1888

PGH City Brick kiln, Elizabeth Street, Malvern [demolished 1985]

Alexander Sutherland [ed], Victoria and its Metropolis Past and Present (2 vols, Melbourne 1888), II, p 638Miles Lewis

Jennings’s patent bonding bricks,

1858 & l t1858 & later

Notes on Building Construction: Part III Materials (London

1879) p 1351879), p 135

British cavity wall with wrought iron ties and asphalt damp-proof course, 1888cast & wrought iron ties in use in Britain, 1901

Notes on Building Construction, Part II (London 1888), p 216Notes on Building Construction, Part II (London 1901), p 9

Morse wire tiesMorse wire ties

cavity wall with Morse ties, USA, 1899

Morse tie from 878 High St Armadale, said to be about 1885

Wall ties plain and drip type by theWall ties, plain and drip type, by the Titan Nail & Wire Co, c 1930

International Library of Technology, Masonry, Carpentry, Joinery (Scranton [Pennsylvania]

1907 [1899]) 118 J h H1907 [1899]), p 118; John Henry;Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited,

Handbook for Engineers, &c [cover title Shapes and Sections] (Melbourne 1930), p 502

a stoneware damp proof course p pmade by Doultons, nine inches

(230 mm) wide

the first Australian textbook illustration, by James Nangle, 1900

a cavity wall with Jennings's stepped-up bonding bricks and

wrought or cast iron tie, stoneware d fdamp-proof course

Notes on Building Construction, Part III Materials (1879), p 135

James Nangle, Australian Building Practice, Part 1 (Sydney 1900), p 63

reconstructed minaret from

M ki hMeskineh

Monumentum XVII Monumentum, XVII (1978), p 66

minaret at Meskineh, Syria: Meskineh, Syria: drum cut off for

removal

Miles Lewis

i t t M ki h d b i dminaret at Meskineh: drums being moved

Miles Lewis

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Chateau of Chenonceau, France, C16th: detail of C19th ceramic floor tiles, showing wear

Miles Lewis

paving tiles of the 13th-14th13 14th

centuries from the priory of St-Martin-des-

Champs, France

Bruno Jacomy et al, Musée des Arts et Métiers:

Connaissance des Arts(Musée des Arts et Métiers,

Paris 2000), p 7

St Giles, Cheadle, by A W N Pugin,

1844-6

floor tiling in the Blessed SacramentSacrament

Chapel, made by Mintons, c

1846

Atterbury & Wainwright, g ,Pugin, p 146

tile making attile making at Chamberlain’s

worksworks, Worcester, in

18431843

Penny Magazine,February 1843February 1843

manufacture of an encaustic tile:a) a layer of clay placed over a plaster mould; b) addition of body clay; c) clay slip poured in; d)addition of body clay; c) clay slip poured in; d) scraping the surface; e) cutting and trimming

Alun Graves, Tiles and Tilework of Europe (London 2002), p 152

the Rookerythe Rookery, Chicago, by Burnham &Burnham &

Root, 1885-8

Miles Lewis

underside of a floor in the Rookery, Chicago, by Burnham & Root, 1885-8Miles Lewis

the Rookery:a fireproof partition

Miles Lewis

fireproof construction: porous tile around columns, partition blocks

International Library, ‘Masonry Continued’ pp 114, 116

steel construction of a Chicago building, c 1903stee co st uct o o a C cago bu d g, c 903International Library of Technology. Masonry, Carpentry, Joinery (International Textbook

Company, Scranton [Pennsylvania] no date [c 1903]), ‘Masonry Continued’, p 99

terra cotta lumberMiles Lewis

terra cotta lumberterra cotta lumberLynne Dore

Oratory ofOratory of Gallerus,

Dingle, Ireland,Dingle, Ireland, C7th or later

Miles LewisMiles Lewis

Building C, Troy VI (c1800-1200 BCBuilding C, Troy VI (c1800 1200 BCRobertson, Greek and Roman Architecture, p 24

method of t tiextracting

limestone blocks from a quarry infrom a quarry in

EgyptLloyd, 'Building in Brick and y , g

Stone', p 478

J b l Kh lidJebel Khalid quarry

view from north end

undercutting t fon west face

Mil L iMiles Lewis

Jebel Khalid: quarrymen’s grooves

Miles Lewis

splitting a blocks of stone from the quarry

Thierry Hatot, Batisseurs au Moyen Age(Clermont-Ferrand 1999), p 59

an Assyrianan Assyrian relief showing masons with

tools

Reade, Assyrian Sculpture, p 18

i t th t tnineteenth century stone sawyerThe Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses (2nd ed, London 1851), p 23

partially sawn column drum from Jerash, Jordan, C6thpa t a y sa co u d u o Je as , Jo da , C6tJacques Seigne & Thierry Morin, 'Une Scierie Hydraulique du Vie Siècle à Gerasa (Jerash, Jordanie):

Remarque sur les Prémices de la Mécanisation du Travail', in J-P Brun & J-L Fiches [eds], Énergie Hydraulique et Machines Élévatices d'Eau durant l'Antiquite [Actes du Colloque International] (Centre Jean

Bérard, Naples 2007), p 250

partially sawn column drum from JerashSeigne & Morin, 'Une Scierie Hydraulique’, p 250

the sawmill at Ephesus: aEphesus: a technical

reconstruction by yMangartz

Mangartz, 'The Stone Cutting M hi f E h ’ 238Machine of Ephesos’, p 238

the sawmill at Ephesus: a fuller reconstruction by Mangartzreconstruction by Mangartz

Mangartz, 'The Stone Cutting Machine of Ephesos’, p 239

stone saw at the Thomas Brown

Monumental Works, High St, West

Maitland, NSW

Miles Lewis

British slating practiceFrank Bennett & Alfred Pinion, Roof Slating and Tiling (Caxton Publishing, London 1948 [1935]), p 27

slater’sslater’s toolstools

Bennett & Pinion, Roof Slating and g

Tiling, p 26

Lighthouse Cottage, Wilson's Promontory,1880sview from above during re-roofing, October 2000

Miles Lewis

Wilson’s Promontory lighthouse cottageclose view of battens and slating, here fixed with three silicon clouts

Miles Lewis

Wil ’ P t li hth tt f h i th 8Wilson’s Promontory lighthouse cottage: roof showing the 8 mm slates and the timber roll at the ridge to take the lead capping

Miles Lewis

ridge rolls forridge rolls for shingle and slate

roofingroofing

International Library of yTechnology. Masonry,

Carpentry, Joinery (International Textbook

Company ScrantonCompany, Scranton [Pennsylvania] 1907]),

Carpentry, p 94

palisade construction earthfast post & wattle construction

reconstruction of a typical long house, Neolithic village of Köln-Lindenthal (near Cologne), Germany, c 4000 BC

John Bradford, 'Building in Wattle, Wood, and Turf', in Charles Singer et al [eds], A History of Technology, Volume I, From Early Times to Fall of Ancient Empires (Oxford 1954), p 309

palisade construction,,

Denmark

Gorm Benzon, Gammelt Danske Bindingsværk g

(Copenhagen 1984), p 19

posts or studs with and without a ground sillposts or studs, with and without a ground sillWest, The Timber-Frame House, p 21

interpretation of a structure from V lk b N h l dValkenburg, Netherlands,

of the Roman periodframing and wattling in trenches

E M Jope [ed], Studies in Building History (London 1961), p 21

decaydecay

DECAY

interpretation of a structure from Valkenburg, Netherlands,of the Roman period

framing and wattling in trenchesframing and wattling in trenches

E M Jope [ed], Studies in Building History (London 1961), p 21

excavation of a structure at Valkenburg, Netherlands, of the Roman period, indicating framing and wattling on sole plates

Jope, Studies in Building History, p 21

reconstruction of a structure ata structure at

Valkenburg, with framing and

wattling on solewattling on sole plates

Jope, Studies in Building History, p

21

Gulf Station Gulf Station, Yarra Glen

post showing hitching peg and

rotting base

Helen Watters

Gulf Station: decayed postHelen Watters

Gulf Station: cutting the bottom off the postMiles Lewis

Gulf Station: new base for postHelen Watters

Gulf Stationrestored post with new spliced base

Miles Lewis

King Midas tomb, Gordion, c 696 BC: view of the tumulus

Miles Lewis

Midas tomb, Gordion: section

Akurgal, Ancient Civilizations, p 277

Midas tomb: interior viewMiles Lewis

Midas tombdetail of roof

axonometric diagram

Miles LewisLloyd Early Highland Peoples ofLloyd, Early Highland Peoples of

Anatolia, p 131

Midas tomb:Midas tomb: access hole cut through the wallg

Miles Lewis

winegrower's house from Sachsenflur,

G 1562Germany, 1562, now in the Hohenlohe

FreilandmuseumFreilandmuseum

Miles Lewis

h f S h fl i f l h i k l flhouse from Sachsenflur, view of a lehmwickel floorMiles Lewis

house from Sachsenflur, lehmwickellehmwickel

details

Miles Lewis

reconstructing areconstructing alehmwickel ceiling

Szentendre MuseumSzentendre MuseumHungary

Sabján Tibor, 1994

crown glass

sheet (or cylinder glass)sheet (or cylinder glass)

plate glass

crown glass: (left) a pane or table from Jerashcrown glass: (left) a pane or table from Jerash, (centre) a plaster frame with the edges of two panes,

and (right) modern glass from Hebron, c 1930( g ) g ,

D B Harden, 'Domestic Window Glass: Roman, Saxon and Medieval', in E M Jope [ed], Studies in Building History (London 1961), plate V

crown glass from Jerash, Hebron, and (right) Sudan, C12th

Harden 'Domestic Window Glass' p 40Harden, Domestic Window Glass , p 40

f C18crown glass manufacture, C18th France: step ADiderot, Encyclopédie, sv 'Verrerie', pl 13

crown glass manufacture, C18th France: step BDiderot, Encyclopédie, sv 'Verrerie', pl 13

crown glass manufacture,

C18th France: step Cstep C

Diderot, Encyclopédie, svEncyclopédie, sv 'Verrerie', pl 13

manufacture ofcrown glass:crown glass:

the table onthe end of the punty

Raymond McGrath & A C Frost, Glass in A hit t d D ti (2 d d L dArchitecture and Decoration (2nd ed, London

1961 [1937]), p 75

two ways of di idi t bldividing a table of crown glass

W Cooper, Crown Glass Cutterand Glazier's Manual (1835) p 745and Glazier s Manual (1835), p 745

the manufacture of sheet glass by Chance Brothers, c 1850Jackdaw no 43, The Great Exhibition 1851

sheet glass being reheated gand flattened

Harden 'Domestic Window Glass'Harden, Domestic Window Glass , pp 41, 42

bronze bound doorsreconstruction of the Balawat gates from the palace of Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC) British Museumreconstruction of the Balawat gates from the palace of Shalmaneser III (858 824 BC) British Museum

reconstructed door with bronze door plating from Assur, Shalmaneser III period (c 840 BC), Archaeological Museum, Istanbul

Miles Lewis

the Balawat Gates, detail of the bronze plating British Museum ANE 121652-121653Mil L iMiles Lewis

the use of dovetailthe use of dovetail cramps

Temple of Haroeris & Sobek at Kom Ombo,,

early C2nd BC onwards.

Sanctuary of Athena, Pergamum, Asia g ,Minor, c 300 BC:

Hellenistic dovetail cramp recesses

Miles Lewis; Fatih Cimok, Pergamum (Istanbul 2001

[1993]), p 25

dovetail cramp trace at Persepolis Irandovetail cramp trace at Persepolis, IranMiles Lewis

Achaemenidcramps, Persepolis,

c 490 460 BCc 490-460 BC

broad dovetailbroad dovetail cramp with iron bar and lead, platform

cutting for a narrow hook cramp Hall ofhook cramp, Hall of a Hundred Columns

Nylander Ionians atNylander, Ionians at Pasargadae, p 42, 43

Achaemenid cramps, as indicated by the cuttings in the stoneNylander, Ionians at Pasargadae, p 43

Roman masonry with molten lead poured around metal dowels and crampsDurm, Baukunst der Griechen, p 94

Roman lead pipe with inscription

Musée Rolin AutunMusée Rolin, Autun, France

Miles Lewis

RomanRoman lead pipe fabrication

Landels, Engineering in

the Ancient World p 43;World, p 43;

Adam, Roman Building, p 253

R l d i A h l i l M P l It lRoman lead pipes, Archaeological Museum, Palermo, Italy.junction with spigots; end view of a pipe showing the seamed joint

Miles Lewis

bronze stopcock, Humayma, JordanBurton MacDonald, Russell Adams & Piotr Bienkowski [eds], The

Archaeology of Jordan (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 2001), p 610

Roman bronze double action pump from Bolsena, Italy, probably AD C3rdBritish Museum GR 1892-5-17.1 BM Cat Bronzes 2573: Miles Lewis

cast ironcast iron• impure: up to 4% carbon up to 10% other elements• impure: up to 4% carbon, up to 10% other elements

• poured into a mouldp

• crystalline texture

• good in compression

• poor in tension

• poor in bending

b ittl d h i t t• brittle under change in temperature

wrought iron• pure (to commercial standards)

• hammered or rolled

• fibrous texture

• good in tension• good in tension

• good in bendingg g

• subject to rust

steel(a less precise term)(a less precise term)

• pure (maximum 0.25% carbon)

• hammered or rolled

• good in tension

• good in bending

stronger than wrought iron• stronger than wrought iron

• even more subject to rusteven more subject to rust

Derby Cotton MillDerby Cotton Mill by William Strutt,

1792-3plan & section

MUAS16,682

D b C ttDerby Cotton Mill by William Strutt 1792-3Strutt, 1792-3

detail of construction, 1792 b d1792, based

partly on Milford and Belper West

MUAS 13,022

sections of cast ironsections of cast iron beams,1801-1837

• Philips & Lee by Boulton &• Philips & Lee by Boulton & Watt[1799-] 1801

• Benyon's mill, by J Farey, y y y1816.

• Thomas Tredgold, 1824• Mill in Bradford, Fairbairn,

18271827• 'Ideal' by Eaton Hodgkinson,

1830.• No 70, Old St, EC1, 1837, , ,

Newcomen Society, Transactions,1940-1,reproduced in C D Elliott,Technics and Architecture(Cambridge [Massachusetts] 1992), p 72

209-11 L id StLangridge St, Collingwood,

?1880sview & detail of

bressummer

Miles Lewis

209-11 Langridge St, CollingwoodCollingwood,

details ofbressummer,

t & theast & south sides

Miles Lewis

b ilt i dbuilt-up girdersF E Kidder & Thomas Nolan, The Architects' and Builders' Handbook

(17th ed, Wiley, New York 1921 [1884]), p 681

details of the construction of an

iron framediron-framed house, by Viollet-

le-Duc, 1872le Duc, 1872

E-E Viollet-le-Duc [translated Benjamin Bucknall], Lectures

A hit t (2 l L don Architecture (2 vols, London 1881 [1863-72]), II, p 325

rivets: types: cap ended; pan headed; hammered; countersunk; Forth of Firth Bridge, Scotland by John Fowler and Benjamin Baker 1882-90 detail of rivetted membersScotland, by John Fowler and Benjamin Baker, 1882 90, detail of rivetted members

Pedro Guedes, The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architecture and Technological Change (London 1979), p 311; H J Hopkins, A Span of Bridges (New York 1970), p 105

welding at the Empire StateEmpire State Building, New

York,1930

Lewis Wickes Hine photo

'Coriyule', Drysdale, by Charles Laing, 1849-50: iron tile 8 9 50 o ewith inscription

Miles Lewis

corrugated curving machine, Victorian patent no 9 to Edmund Morewood & George Rogers, 18 March 1857, from the original drawings

corrugated curving machine Launceston Railway Workshopscorrugated curving machine, Launceston Railway WorkshopsMiles Lewis

GOSPEL OAKGospel Oak iron from the

stables at ‘Killeen’, Victoria

GOSPEL OAKG [anchor] O

FIRST QUALITYGALVANIZED TINNED IRON

Miles LewisGALVANIZED TINNED IRON

WOLVERHAMPTONWOLVERHAMPTONCORRUGATED [IRON]

MANUFACTURERS[convex arc:[

TRADE MARK]

[circle containing:[upward arc, illegible:

? ... JO ......]

[horizontal:IRON

][[concave arc:

STAFFORDSHIRE]

[ d th ll i t d '5/3']

Wolverhampton iron from the

[underneath, manually painted: '5/3']

Wolverhampton iron from the stables at ‘Killeen’, Victoria

Miles Lewis

WOLVERHAMPTONWOLVERHAMPTONCORRUGATED [IRON]

MANUFACTURERS[convex arc:[

TRADE MARK]

[circle containing:[upward arc, illegible:

? ... JO ......]

[horizontal:IRON

][[concave arc:

STAFFORDSHIRE]

[ d th ll i t d '5/3'][underneath, manually painted: '5/3']

Pinson & Evans Wolverhampton iron from a fence, Brunswick Road, BrunswickMiles Lewis

corrugatedcorrugated iron sizes manufac-tured by Frederick Braby &Braby &

Co, c 1910

Miles Lewis, collated from

Fredk. Braby & Co. Ltd Braby'sLtd., Braby sHandbook for Engineers and

Architects (2nd ed, Fredk Braby & CoFredk. Braby & Co.

Ltd, London, no date [?c1913]), pp

32-5

galvanised iron dates and sizes

Morewood & Rogers iron tiles 1850-60, but veryoccasionally as late as the 1880s

Tupper & Co two inch corrugated tiles c 1855-65

five inch [125 mm] ‘Scotch iron’ 1852-1860, later very rare except in special applicationsp p pp

three inch [75 mm] 1853 to the present

Traegerwellblech iron in 4, 2 and 2 inch corrugations from 1883 replaced by British versions during the 1890s1883, replaced by British versions during the 1890s

ripple iron, one inch [25 mm] c 1890-1930pp [ ]

finely striated iron mainly for ceilings c 1900-1930

iron house at ‘The Weatherboard’, Inverleigh, one of a batch designed by Henry Ginn, Colonial Architect, c 1852-3, fabricated by John Walker,

erected from 1854 onwardsMiles Lewis

house at the WeatherboardWeatherboard

junction of panels atjunction of panels at the window linemaker’s plate

Miles Lewis

detail of the John Kelly house Beveridgedetail of the John Kelly house, BeveridgeMiles Lewis

corrugated iron lappingcorrected from Hodgson, Architecture, V, p 213

Cercle Française de Tientsin [FrenchTientsin [French

Club], 29 Jie Fang Bei Rd (cnr Bin Jang Rd) Tianjin ChinaRd) , Tianjin, China,

1931-2: entrance

Miles LewisMiles Lewis

8 10 Ji F8-10 Jie Fang Bei Rd (cnr

Bin Jang Rd)Bin Jang Rd), Tianjin, Chinadetail at the

entrance

Miles Lewis

'Wunderbright'; and similar glazing systems glass from the former Sydney County Council Offices and Showroom, 1935,

Powerhouse Museum, Sydney; flats, 57 Ramsay St, Haberfield, NSW ; Criterion Hotel , Pitt & Park Sts, Sydney, by Copeman, Lemont & Keesing, 1936

Van Daele & Lumby, A Spirit of Progress, pp 100, 139, 177

door handle, Midl d H t lMidlands Hotel,

Castlemaine

Miles Lewis

Monel Metaladvertisement

Building, 65, 9 (25 September 1939), p 10September 1939), p 10

Buckley & Nunn, 294-6 Bourke St, Melbourne, by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, 1933Julie Willis; Van Daele & Lumby, A Spirit of Progress, p 97

McPherson'sBuilding, 546

Collins St, M lb b S PMelbourne, by S P

Keith Reid & John A Pearson; StuartPearson; Stuart

Calder, architects in association, 1935: ,

corner detail

Van Daele & Lumby, A Spirit of Progress, p 96

Mural Hall, Myer Emporium, 314-336

SBourke St, Melbourne, by H W

& F B Tompkins& F B Tompkins, 1933, ‘Staybrite’ balustrade of the

Mannequin Staircase

Van Daele & Lumby, A Spirit of y, pProgress, p 95