a look at the history of the seventh-day adventist church ... · a look at the history of the...

A Look At The History Of The Seventh-Day

Adventist Church And

The United States From 1848 To The Present

WRITTEN BY

LARRY E. ROBBINS

Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin www.teacherbulletin.org Page 1 of 65

CONTENTS

Purpose……………………………………...…………………………………………………………..2 Outline……………………………………………………………………………………………………3 Questions to Ponder…………………………………………………………………………………..44 Liberty and Freedom………………………………………………………………………………….45 Ellis Island……………………………………………………………………………………………...46 Inventions………………………………………………………………………………………………47 Firsts for Women………………………………………………………………………………………48 I Have a Dream………………………………………………………………………………………..49 Where They Came From--What Changed?...............................................................................51 Prohibition……………………………………..............................................................................52 Conscientious Objector……………………................................................................................53 Mass Media and the Jazz Age…………………………………………………………………...….54 The Struggle for Justice at Home…………..............................................................................56 The Struggle for Equality Intensifies…………………………………………………………..……57 Native American Struggles…………………. ………………………………………………...…….59 The Crises of 1968…………………………...............................................................................60 The Watergate Scandal……………………...............................................................................62 Works Cited……………………………………………………………………………………………63


PURPOSE

Lest We Forget – The Total Historical Picture is the last in a series of units about the beginnings of our church’s history. This unit is centered on a timeline that runs from 1848 to the present. There is also room to add on for the next several years. There are six sections to the timeline: S.D.A. History, People, Events, Inventions, Government/Business, and Transportation. I have several pages of activities at the end of the timeline. The emphasis of this unit is civil rights and equal rights for all. This unit is designed for both junior high and academy students. It can be used in its entirety or in sections. Feel free to use what you think will work for your students. For a copy of the unit on James White and the first four units of Lest We Forget, please contact the Atlantic Union Conference Office of Education at www.atlantic-union.org. I want to especially thank Fred Steffen, who has worked on the outline. A source that was quite helpful was the 22 compact discs from the Lake Union entitled Pathways of the Pioneers, Origin of the Seventh-day Adventists. http://luc.adventist.org/pathways Ellen G. White told us, “We have nothing to fear for the future, except as we forget the way the Lord has led us, and His teaching in our past history.” Life Sketches, p. 196. A list of resources used can be found at the end of this unit.


1848 1849 1850 1851

S.D.A. History � 1st Sabbath Conference

� EGW “Tobacco, Tea, Coffee” vision

� William Miller chapel built

� EGW “Shut Door” vision

� 1st SDA Hymnal

� Present Truth published

� James White born

� William Miller died

� Annie Smith accepts message

� J.N. Andrews accepts Sabbath

� EGW “Church Order” vision

� EGW “A Sketch of the Christian Experience and Views of EGW”

� Joseph Bates sets time of second coming

� EGW “Time Setting” vision

People � Fox sisters rappings � Edgar Allen Poe died � Zachary Taylor died

� US population 23.2 million

� John James Audubon died

� Walter Reed born

Events � Communist Manifesto published

� Women’s rights convention

� California gold rush � Gold rush is over

� American Vegetarian Society formed

� New York Times

Inventions � Chewing gum

� Dental chair patented

� Safety pin by Walter Hunt � Dishwasher patent � Refrigeration machine

� Sewing machine by Singer

Government/Business � Wisconsin statehood � Zachary Taylor President � California statehood

� William Fillmore President

� Fugitive Slave Act

� Western Union founded

Transportation � � � Overland mail delivery �


1852 1853 1854 1855

S.D.A. History � EGW “Gospel order” vision

� John Loughborough, Uriah Smith, Joseph Wagner accepts Sabbath

� John H. Kellogg born

� Youth Instructor published

� First Church School – Bucks Bridge, NY

� Ministerial credentials issued

� EGW “Good cleanliness” vision

� 1st SDA book center – WI

� 1st tent meeting

� William White born

� EGW “Testimonies” published

� Annie Smith died

� Review publishing moved to Battle Creek

� EGW “Time to begin Sabbath” vision

� SDA Church built in Battle Creek

People � Henry Clay died

� Daniel Webster died

� Frank Woolworth born

� US population 25.7 million

� Vincent Van Gogh born

� George Eastman born

� John Philip Sousa born

� William Burroughs born

Events � Uncle Tom’s Cabin published

� Women’s Temperance Society formed

� � �

Inventions � Gyroscope

� Safety electrical elevator

� � � Sewing machine motor patented by Singer

� Rayon

Government/Business � � Franklin Pierce President � Republican Party founded

�

Transportation � � Manned glider

� New York Central Railroad

� �


1856 1857 1858 1859

S.D.A. History � Whites move to Wood Street, Battle Creek

� EGW “Shaking” vision � EGW “Great Controversy” vision

� EGW suffered stroke

� EGW “Spiritual Gifts I”

� A.G. Daniels born

� Systematic Benevolence adopted

People � Booker T. Washington born

� Sigmund Freud born

� Louis Sullivan born

� Woodrow Wilson born

� Clarence Darrow born

� Population 29,036,649

� Theodore Roosevelt born

� John Brown raid/death

� John Dewey born

� Washington Irving died

� Horace Mann died

Events � Pasteurization by Louis Pasteur

� � Lincoln-Douglas debates

� Atlantic Cable completed

� United Presbyterian Church

� Darwin “Origin of the Species”

Inventions � � � Rotary washing machine by Hamilton Smith

� 1st oil well drilled – PA

Government/Business � � Dred Scott decision

� James Buchanan President

� Minnesota statehood � Oregon statehood

Transportation � Horse-drawn street railway - Boston

� � Internal combustion motor by Jean Lenoir

�


1860 1861 1862 1863

S.D.A. History � EGW “Spiritual Gifts II”

� Parksville SDA Church

� Name “Seventh-day Adventist” selected

� John H. White born

� EGW “Civil War” vision

� Michigan 1st SDA

Conference

� New brick Review & Herald Building

� Sabbath-keeping church – Washington, NH

� General Conference organized

� John Byington – 1st GC

President

� EGW “Health Reform” vision

People � Annie Oakley born

� William Jennings Bryan born

� Ransom Olds born

� Dwight Moody begins preaching

� Ralph W. Emmerson born

� Stephan Douglas died � Henry David Thoreau died

� Sam Houston died

� “Stonewall” Jackson died

� Henry Ford born

� Richard Sears born

� William Randolph Hearst born

Events � Pony Express service begins

� Macy’s Department Store – NY

� Civil War started

� Battle of Bull Run

� Battle of Antietam � Emancipation Proclamation

� Battle of Gettysburg

� Thanksgiving holiday

� Battle of Vicksburg

Inventions � Repeating rifle � Elevator safety brakes by Otis

� Cylinder lock by Linus Yale

� 1st transcontinental

telegraph line

� Machine gun – Gatling

� Plastic

� Commercial dress patterns by Ebenezer Butterick

Government/Business � � Kansas statehood

� Confederate States established

� Abraham Lincoln President

� Federal Income Tax

� Homestead Act

� Slavery abolished

� West Virginia statehood

� Union National draft

Transportation � 30,000 miles railroad track laid

� Bicycle invented � �


1864 1865 1866 1867

S.D.A. History � EGW “Spiritual Gifts III & IV”

� EGW “Appeal to Mothers”

� 1st SDA Church in

Canada

� SDA non-combatant status

� EGW “Health & How To Live”

� William Spicer born

� James White - 2nd

GC President

� EGW “Health Institution” vision

� Western Health Reform Institute opened

� Health Reformer published (Vibrant Life)

� John Andrews - 3rd

GC President

� Church School in Battle Creek

� 1st campmeeting – WI

People � George Washington Carver born

� Ransom Olds born

� Stephen Foster died

� Richard Strauss born

� Abraham Lincoln assassinated

� John Wilkes Booth died

� Rudyard Kipling born

� US population 35,700,678

� � Wilbur Wright born

� Marie Curie born

Events � � Civil War ended � Christine Science founded

� Ku Klux Klan founded

� TransAtlantic Cable

� Prohibition Party formed

Inventions � � Pin-tumbler cylinder lock � Dynamite by Alfred Nobel

� Torpedo by Robert Whitehead

� Tin can with key opener

� Commercial typewriter by Christopher Scholes

Government/Business � Nevada statehood

� “In God We Trust” on coins

� Andrew Johnson President

� 13th

Amendment abolishing slavery

� National Labor Union founded

� Alaska purchased

� Midway Island annexed

� Nebraska statehood

Transportation � Steel rails for railroads

� Pullman sleeping cars

� � Refrigerated railroad car �


1868 1869 1870 1871

S.D.A. History � Rachel Oakes Preston died

� 1st official campmeeting –

Wright, MI

� SDA work in California

� James White - 4th

GC President

� EGW “Spirit of Prophecy I”

� George Butler - 5th

GC President

People � “Kit” Carson died

� Harvey Firestone born

� Mohandas Gandhi born

� Frank Lloyd Wright born


� Robert E. Lee died

� Vladimar Lenin born

� Orville Wright born

Events � � 1st apartment house NYC

� Atlantic Ocean telegraph cable

� � Chicago fire

Inventions � Metal windmill patent � � Air brakes by George Westinghouse

� Celluloid

� Tungsten Steel

� Blue jeans by Levi Strauss

�

Government/Business � 14th

Amendment

� 8-hour work day enacted

� 15th

Amendment Negro rights

� National Woman Suffrage Association

� Andrew Johnson impeached

� Ulysses S. Grant President

� Standard Oil Company by Rockefeller

� �

Transportation � Railroad air brakes

� Traffic lights

� Transcontinental Railroad completed

� Suez Canal opened

� Elevated railroad in NYC

� Asphalt paved roads

�


1872 1873 1874 1875

S.D.A. History � EGW “Christian Education” Vision

� Joseph Bates died

� 1st SDA campmeeting

Canada

� 10th

GC session

� SDA Education Society formed

� Dorcus Society organized

� Signs of The Times published

� James White - 6th

GC President

� J.N. Andrews 1st SDA

Missionary

� Battle Creek College built (Andrews University)

� EGW “Australian” vision

� Pacific Press established

People � George Meade died

� Samuel Morse died

� � Guglielmo Marconi born

� Herbert Hoover born

� Robert Frost born

� George Pickett born

Events � 1st Nat’l Park –

Yellowstone � 1

st public kindergarten � National WTCU formed � Dwight Moody revival

tour

Inventions � Metal windmill � Barbed wire by Joseph Glidden

� Shoe welt stitcher by C. Goodyear, Jr.

� Electric dental drill

Government/Business � Wards mail order catalog

� Victoria Woodhull – 1st

woman to run for President

� Penny post cards issued � � Civil Rights Act

Transportation � � San Francisco cable cars � �


1876 1877 1878 1879

S.D.A. History � Dr. John H. Kellogg head of Battle Creek Sanitarium

� EGW “Spirit of Prophecy II”

� EGW “Spirit of Prophecy III”

� Dime Tabernacle built – Battle Creek

� Sabbath School Department organized

� Weekly “Youth Instructor”

� American Health Temperance Association formed

� EGW “Judgment” vision

� Youth Society organized

� Dime Tabernacle dedicated

� 1st campmeeting –

Canada

People � Charles Kettering born � Cornelius Vanderbilt died


� � Albert Einstein born

Events � Custer’s last stand – Little Big Horn

� “Tom Sawyer” published

� � American Bar Association formed

�

Inventions � Carpet sweeper by Melville Bissell

� Microphone

� Telephone patent by Alexander G. Bell

� Moving pictures

� Cylinder phonograph – Thomas Edison

� Electric street light

� Long lasting light bulb by Sir Joseph Swan

� Improve incandescent light bulb

� Cash register

Government/Business � Colorado statehood

� U.S. Coast Guard Academy founded

� Rutherford B. Hayes President

� Bell Telephone created

� � Woolworth “Five and Dime”

Transportation � � � �


1880 1881 1882 1883

S.D.A. History � EGW “Life Sketches”

� George I. Butler - 7th

GC President

� Death of James White

� Canvassing work began

� 20th

GC session – Battle Creek

� South Lancaster Academy (AUC) opened

� Healdsburg Academy opened (PUC)

� Hiram Edson died

� EGW “Early Writings”

� Colporteur work started

� J.N. Andrews died

� Leonard Hastings (Potato Patch) died

� S.D.A. Yearbook

People � General Douglas McArthur born

� George Marshall born

� Helen Keller born

� Pablo Picasso born


� Jesse James slain

� Franklin D. Roosevelt born

� Henry W. Longfellow died

� Samuel Goodwyn born

� Sojourner Truth died

� Karl Marx died

Events � Salvation Army began work in US

� American Red Cross founded

� 1st Labor Day celebrated � Brooklyn Bridge

completed

Inventions � Toilet Paper

� Seismograph

� 1st color photograph

produced

� Metal detector by Alexander Bell

� Automatic piano player

� Roll film

� Electric iron � Combustion engine

Government/Business � South passes “Jim Crow” laws

� Sioux War ended

� James Garfield President

� James Garfield assassinated

� Chester Arthur President

� John D. Rockefeller founded Standard Oil trust

� Four time zones established in U.S.

Transportation � � � 1st cable car – Chicago

� Panama Canal construction

� Third rail trolley - NY


1884 1885 1886 1887

S.D.A. History � 1st school for training of

nurses in Battle Creek

� EGW “Spirit of Prophecy IV”

� EGW last public vision

� EGW trip to Europe

� EGW Testimonies for Church 1-4

� Sabbath School Worker

� 1st black congregation

organized in Edgefield, TN

� Religious Liberty journal

� Missionaries sent to Africa

� John Byington (1st GC

President) died

� EGW “Great Controversy”

People � Harry S. Truman born

� Eleanor Roosevelt born

� Cyrus McCormick died

� John Smith (Mormon) died

� Ulysses S. Grant died

� George McClellan died

� George Patton born

� Chester Nimitz born


� Emily Dickenson died

� John Deere died

� Dorothea Dix died

Events � New York & Boston linked telephone wires

� Adventures of Huckleberry Finn published

� 1st successful

appendectomy performed

� Brooklyn Bridge built

� Statue of Liberty dedicated

� American Federation of Labor (AFL) founded

�

Inventions � Fountain pen made

� Linotype patented

� Rayon

� Rabies inoculation

� Mechanical cash register

� Dictaphone invented

� 1st electric transformer

made

� Commercial adding machine

� Dishwasher by Josephine Cochrane

� Radar by Heinrich Hertz

� Gramophone

� Contact lenses

Government/Business � � American Telephone & Telegraph (ATT) formed

� Grover Cleveland President

� Westinghouse Electric Company incorporated

� Sears Roebuck Co published 1

st catalog

� Coca Cola by John Pemberton

� Interstate Commerce Commission established

Transportation � Steam turbine by Charles Parson

� Benz automobile

� Motorized motorcycle by Daimler

� 1st electric street railway

� 1st “modern” bicycle

� � Electric trolley car build in Richmond, VA


1888 1889 1890 1891

S.D.A. History � Jones and Waggoner presented Righteousness by Faith at GC Session

� Ole A. Olsen - 8th

GC President

� William Farnsworth died

� National Religious Liberty Association formed

� Foreign Mission Board established

� EGW “Testimonies V”

� Sabbath School quarterly

� Pitcairn ship dedicated

� EGW “Patriarchs & Prophets”

� Our Little Friend

� EGW “Religious Liberty” vision

� Union College opened

� EGW Trip to Australia

� “These Times” published

People � John Foster Dulles born � Adolph Hitler born

� Igor Sikorsky born


� Sioux Sitting Bull died

� Dwight D. Eisenhower born

� Mormons officially disown practice of polygamy

� William Sherman died

Events � 1st skyscraper (Tower Bldg) constructed in New York City

� Paris Eiffel Tower � Battle of Wounded Knee

� National American Women’s Suffrage Association formed

� Basketball invented

Inventions � Drinking straws

� Ball point pen invented

� Kodak box camera made by George Eastman

� Matchbook developed

� World’s 1st electric

elevator – Otis - installed in NYC

� Sound camera by Edison

� Cordite smokeless gunpowder

� Electric sewing machine

� � Escalator by Jesse Reno

� Moving picture on film strip

� Zipper

Government/Business � National Sunday Law introduced

� North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Washington statehood

� Benjamin Harrison President

� Closure of the American Frontier

� Sherman Anti-Trust Act

� Idaho statehood

� Wyoming statehood

�

Transportation � Pneumatic Tire by John Dunlap

� � � Electric car built in Des Moines, IA


1892 1893 1894 1895

S.D.A. History � EGW “Gospel Workers”

� Graysville Academy (Southern Adventist University) opened

� Walla Walla College opened

� EGW “Steps to Christ”

� Mission Quarterly

� Hazen Foss died

� William Foy died

� Southwestern Adventist University opened

� Morning Star constructed

� Keene Industrial School (Southwestern University) opened

� 1st Black SDA Church

dedicated in Vicksburg, MS

� American Medical Missionary College opened

� Southern Missionary Society established

People � Grover Cleveland elected

� Walt Whitman died

� Reinhold Niebuhr born

� Karl Menninger born


� Norman Rockwell born � Frederick Douglas died

� Billy Sunday began preaching

� Oscar Hammerstein born

� J. Edgar Hoover born

Events � 1st Collegiate women’s basketball game

� Ellis Island opened

� Open heart surgery done in Chicago, IL

� 4-year depression started

� Johns Hopkins Medical School/hospital opened

� �

Inventions � Daylight film cartridge processing by Kodak

� Electric automobile

� Color photography

� Vacuum flask

� Carborundum � Movie projector

� Wireless telegraph

� Gasoline engine

� Gillette safety razor

� Air filled tires

� X-ray

Government/Business � Sierra Club founded � Grover Cleveland President

� Graduated Income Tax Law passed

�

Transportation � Diesel combustion engine by Rudolf Diesel

� Gasoline car built by Duryea

� �


1896 1897 1898 1899

S.D.A. History � EGW “Thoughts from the Mt. of Blessings”

� Oakwood Industrial School (Oakwood College) opened

� EGW “Testimonies on Education”

� 1st campmeeting in

Western Canada

� George Irwin - 9th

GC President

� Avondale College opened

� EGW “Desire of Ages”

� Cedar Lake Academy opened

� Gospel Worker published

� The Southern Work published

� New England Sanitarium (Hospital) opened

� Hispanic work organized in Tucson, AZ

� George H. Bell, father of SDA education, died

� First Young People Society – Ohio

People � Arthur Maxwell born

� Harriet Beecher Stowe died

� Amelia Earhart born

� George Pullman died

� Dwight L. Moody died � Earnest Hemingway born

Events � Rural Free Delivery (RFD) started

� Modern Olympic games

� Klondike gold rush

�

� Spanish/American War

� Gideon International founded

�

Inventions � Rubber heel by H. O’Sullivan

� Electric stove

� Cotton candy � Roller Coaster � Motor driven vacuum cleaner

� Paperclip

Government/Business � Utah statehood � Dow Chemical formed

� William McKinley President

� Hawaii, Philippine Islands, Puerto Rico, Guam annexed

�

Transportation � Gasoline powered car built by Henry Ford

� � 1st U.S. subway – Boston

� 1st practical submarine

launched

� Olds Motor Works founded in Detroit

� Bicycle frame by I. R. Johnson


1900 1901 1902 1903

S.D.A. History � EGW “Christ Object Lessons”

� EGW “Testimonies VI”

� “Christ in Song” published

� Reorganization of church structure

� Church in Bermuda

� Southern Publishing established

� Arthur Daniels - 10th

GC President

� EGW “Testimonies VII”

� Battle Creek San burned

� Battle Creek College moved to Berrien Springs, MI – renamed Emmanuel Missionary College (Andrews University)

� Ingathering launched

� World headquarters moved to Washington, D.C.

� EGW “Education”

� Uriah Smith died

People � US population 75.9 million

� William McKinley assassinated

� Walt Disney born


� Charles Lindbergh born �

Events � Caterpillar tractor

� American League organized

� Galveston Hurricane kills 6,000-8,000

� Socialist Party organized

� Pentecostal Movement born

� American Standard Version of Bible published

� Trans Atlantic wireless

� Radium

� “Call of the Wild” published

� Trans Pacific Cable connected San Francisco and Hawaii completed

� Radium discovered

� Baseball – American League

Inventions � Dirigible – Zeppelin

� Modern escalator

� Radio receiver

� Razor by King Gillette

� Air conditioning patent by Willis Carrier

� Neon light

� Lie detector

� Teddy bear

� Crayons

� Bottle making machine

� Windshield wipers

Government/Business � Samoa annexed by U.S. � US Steel Co. founded

� Theodore Roosevelt President

� � License plates 1st issued

in Massachusetts

Transportation � Olds Motor Works began production of cars

� 1st Transcontinental auto trip

� Automobile Club of America (AAA) founded

� Wright Brothers 1st

sustained flight

� Ford Motor Company founded

� Harley Davidson motorcycle


1904 1905 1906 1907

S.D.A. History � Columbia Union College opened

� Nashville Agricultural-Normal Institute (Madison College) opened

� Loma Linda opened � � Pathfinders founded

� Canadian Union College opened

� Battle Creek Sanitarium turned over to Dr. John H. Kellogg

People � � � Ozzie Nelson born � Coal mine explosion in Jacobs Creek, PA – killed 239

Events � Great Baltimore Fire � Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer banned from Brooklyn Public Library for bad example

� San Francisco earthquake kills at least 3000

� Worst coal mine explosion killed 362 – Monongah, WV

� 1st blood transfusion

Inventions � 1st tunnel beneath the

Hudson River completed � Novocaine � Cornflakes invented � UPS founded

Government/Business � Roosevelt Corollary � Las Vegas, NV founded � Devil’s Tower – nation’s 1

st national monument

� Charles Curtis – 1st

Native American U.S. Senator

Transportation � 1st State-operated street

railway – Bismarck, ND � 1

st Bus line - NYC � SOS established as a

distress signal �


1908 1909 1910 1911

S.D.A. History � � Griggs University opened (Fireside Correspondence School)

� Loma Linda University opened

� Asheville Agricultural School and Mountain Sanitarium (Fletcher Academy) opened

�

People � Lyndon B. Johnson born � � Mark Twain died � Ronald Reagan born

Events � Grand Canyon National Monument created

� Halley Comet 1st

recorded on photographic plate

� Earth passes through tail of Halley Comet

� 1st aircraft landed on a

ship

Inventions � Model T Car � Electric toaster

� Hydrofoil invented

� Boy Scouts of America founded

� Air conditioning

Government/Business � FBI established � William Howard Taft President

� U.S. Navy founded base at Pearl Harbor, HI

� Bomb exploded on the Los Angeles Times building as it fought local unions

� U.S. Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be a monopoly – Sherman Antitrust Act

Transportation � 1st Interstate

underground heavy rail line – New York to New Jersey

� Hudson Motor Car Company founded

� 1st trolleybus line –

Hollywood, CA � 1

st Indy 500 run


1912 1913 1914 1915

S.D.A. History � � Pisgah Industrial Institute and Pisgah Sanitarium

� � Ellen G. White died

People � Roald Amundsen announces discovery of South Pole

� Richard Nixon born

� Rosa Parks born

� Gerald Ford born

� Harriet Tubman died

� World War I began

� Montana granted women right to vote

� Lusitania sunk by Germans – 1200 dead

Events � Mayor of Tokyo gives 3000 cherry blossom trees to Washington, D.C.

� Titanic sank

� 50th

anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg

� President Wilson signed Mother’s Day proclamation

� NACA, predecessor of NASA, founded

Inventions � Life Savers candy � Henry Ford introduced the assembly line

� RMS Empress of Ireland sank in Gulf of St. Lawrence – 1024 dead

� 1st stop sign appeared in

Detroit, MI


Amendment ratified – income tax

� Woodrow Wilson President

� 17th

Amendment ratified � U.S. Coast Guard created

Transportation � 1st electric traffic light

� 1st street railway to

operate buses – Cleveland, OH

� New York City’s Grand Central Terminal opened as the world’s largest train station

� Panama Canal opened � U.S. submarine F-4 sank off Hawaii – 21 dead


1916 1917 1918 1919

S.D.A. History � � � Ruth J. Temple – 1st

Black to graduate from Loma Linda University

� Mission Scouts organized

People � Louis D. Brandeis – 1st

Jew appointed to U.S. Supreme Court

� John F. Kennedy born � Oral Roberts born � Jackie Robinson born

Events � Mexico attacked New Mexico town of Columbus

� U.S. enters World War I � World War I ends

� Worst U.S. epidemic kills 500,000

� Florida Keys Hurricane killed 600

Inventions � PGA (Professional Golfers Association) founded

� Modern zipper � Time Zones & Daylight Savings Time established

� 1st Miss America

crowned – NYC

Government/Business � Jeanette Rankin – 1st

woman elected to Congress

� Jones Act – U.S. citizenship to Puerto Ricans

� Wilson’s 14-point Peace Plan

� Senate rejected Treaty of Versailles

� President Wilson suffers stroke

Transportation � Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing) founded

� Last horse-drawn street railway line closed - NYC

� General Motors acquires Chevrolet Motor Company

� British dirigible R-34 landed in NYC – 1

st

crossing of Atlantic by an airship


1920 1921 1922 1923

S.D.A. History � El Reposo Sanitarium - Florence, AL

� Harlem Academy (Northeastern) started

� � W.A. Spicer - 11 GC President

� La Sierra University opened

�

People � Robert Peary died � John Glenn born � Emily Post published “Etiquette”

� Alexander Graham Bell died

� President Warren G. Harding died

Events � Prohibition began

� 1st radio station – KDKA

� “Unknown Soldier” honored at Arlington National Cemetery

� Mussolini took power in Italy

�

Inventions � Tommy Gun

� Band-Aid

� 1st robot � Insulin � Television


Amendment ratified – women’s right to vote

� Warren G. Harding President

� Emergency Quota Act limited immigration

� 18th

Amendment ratified - prohibition

� Calvin Coolidge President

Transportation � � 1st successful trolleybus

line - NYC � � 1

st cities to replace all

streetcars with buses – Bay City, MI; Everett, WA; Newburgh, NY


1924 1925 1926 1927

S.D.A. History � Second Harlem Church formed

� Peewee Valley Sanitarium – Louisville, KY

� 1st Camp for Pathfinders

at Town Line Lake, MI � Master Comrade (Guide)

class established

People � Jimmy Carter born � � Queen Elizabeth born � Coretta Scott King born

Events � 1st Winter Olympic

Games

� Lenin died

� Stalin took control in Russia

� Scopes Monkey trial � Robert Goddard launched 1

st liquid fuel

rocket

� Charles Lindbergh crosses Atlantic Ocean alone

Inventions � Frozen Foods � 1st Presidential

inauguration on radio � NBC radio network

opens � 1

st vaccine for

tuberculosis

� Iron Lung

Government/Business � Native Americans granted citizenship

� Nellie Tayloe Ross – 1st

female governor � � Ford Motor Company

ceased building Model T

Transportation � Russell L. Maughan flew from New York to San Francisco in 21 hours, 48 minutes

� Great Race of Mercy in Alaska

� Roald Amundsen flew over North Pole

� Peace Bridge opened between Fort Erie, Ontario, and Buffalo, NY


1928 1929 1930 1931

S.D.A. History � 1st Youth Congress –

held in Europe � Voice of Prophecy

founded

� James K. Humphrey defrocked

� Charles H. Watson – 12th

GC President

�

People � Eliot Ness began to lead the prohibition unit in Chicago, IL

� Martin Luther King, Jr. born

� Buzz Aldrin born � Thomas Edison died

Events � 1928 Okeechobee Hurricane killed at 2500 in Florida

� Stock Markey Crash

� Great Depression began

� Pluto discovered � Nevada legalizes gambling

� Empire State Building finished

Inventions � Bubble Gum � Penicillin

� Car radio

� Hostess Twinkies � Serta mattress manufacturing founded

Government/Business � Kellogg-Briand Pact

� Franklin D. Roosevelt – Governor of New York

� Herbert Hoover - President

� � Star Spangled Banner adopted as national anthem

Transportation � � � Ellen Church - 1st airline

stewardess � California got go-ahead

to build San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge


1932 1933 1934 1935

S.D.A. History � � � Message Magazine started

� Pine Forest Academy – Chunky, MS

People � Little Richard born � Anton Cermak, mayor of Chicago, assassinated

� Marie Curie died � Elvis Presley born

Events � Charles Lindbergh III kidnapped

� Hitler gained control of Germany

� Alcatraz became federal prison

� Will Rogers & Wiley Post killed in plane crash

Inventions � 1st parking meter � Newsweek 1

st published � Monopoly � Richter Scale

� 1st vaccine for Yellow

Fever

Government/Business � Hattie W. Caraway – 1st

woman elected to U.S. Senate

� Franklin D. Roosevelt President

� The CCC

� The TVA

� 20th

Amendment ratified

� 21st Amendment ratified

� The New Deal � Social Security Act

� Neutrality Act

Transportation � Amelia Earhart completed 1

st solo

nonstop transatlantic flight by a woman

� � Transit Workers Union of America founded - NYC

� Amelia Earhart – 1st

person to fly solo from Hawaii to CA


1936 1937 1938 1939

S.D.A. History � James L. McElhany – 13

th GC President

� The Quiet Hour founded

� W. C. White died

� �

People � James Dobson born � Colin Powell born

� Bill Cosby born

� Harvey Firestone died � Sigmund Freud died

Events � Statue of Liberty rededicated (50 years)

� � “War of the Worlds” broadcast

� “Grapes of Wrath” published

� World War II began

Inventions � Hoover Dam completed � Photocopier � 1st ski tow opened in

Vermont � 1

st Helicopter flight

Government/Business � � Flag Day celebrated in PA

� � U.S. declared its neutrality in WWII

Transportation � � Hindenburg burst into flames – NJ

� Golden Gate Bridge opened

� Howard Hughes set record with 91-hour airplane flight around the world

� 1st street with designated

bus lane - Chicago


1940 1941 1942 1943

S.D.A. History � Little Creek School and Sanitarium – Knoxville, TN

� � Duane N. Kinman performed emergency tracheotomy during WWII to save a fellow soldier

�

People � Booker T. Washington – 1

st African American on a

U.S. postage stamp

� Lou Gehrig died � � Edsel Ford died

Events � World War II began in Europe

� Japan bombed Pearl Harbor

� Coconut Grove night club fire killed 491

� Great Depression ended

Inventions � Color Television � 1st Jeep produced

� Cheerios introduced

� Voice of America began broadcasting

� Teflon

� Slinky

Government/Business � � Bob Hope performed 1st

USO Show

� President Roosevelt approved $1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to Soviet Union

� Daylight-savings time went into effect in U.S.

� The Pledge of Allegiance was officially recognized by Congress

� The Pentagon was dedicated

Transportation � Last surviving cable car transit agency – San Francisco

� � Alaska Highway completed

� 1st rail line in expressway

median – Los Angeles


1944 1945 1946 1947

S.D.A. History � � Desmond T. Doss rescued over 75 men during fierce fighting

� Desmond T. Doss awarded Medal of Honor

� Pine Forge Academy started

� North American continent-wide Youth Congress in San Francisco

People � � Robert Goddard died � Americans eat record 714 million gallons of ice cream

� Henry Ford died

Events � D-day in Europe � Desmond Doss given Medal of Honor

� Atomic Energy Commission created

� Jackie Robinson – 1st

Black baseball player

Inventions � Kidney dialysis machine � Atomic Bomb dropped

� WWII ends

� Microwave oven � Carbon-14 dating method

� Mobile phones

Government/Business � Franklin D. Roosevelt elected to 4

th term (only

President ever)

� Atomic Bomb

� Franklin D. Roosevelt died

� United Nations established

� Philippines gained independence from U.S.

� Congress passed Taft-Hartley Act

Transportation � � � U.S. Supreme Court banned racial segregation in interstate transportation

� Kon-Tiki


1948 1949 1950 1951

S.D.A. History � � � Faith for Today founded

� William H. Branson – 14th

GC President

�

People � Babe Ruth died

� Orville Wright died

� George Orwell published “1984”

� Senator Joseph McCarthy warned of communist infiltration in State Department

� General Douglas MacArthur relieved of command in Korea

Events � U.S. conducted extensive missile testing in New Mexico desert

� American bought 100,000 Television sets a week

� Korean War began � Rosenberg trial

Inventions � Velcro

� Frisbee

� Cake mix

� Silly Putty introduced

� 1st Credit Card � 1

st Coast-to-coast

television broadcast

� Long distance dialing in U.S.

Government/Business � Selective Service began

� Berlin Blockade began

� NATO organized

� Soviets lifted Berlin Blockade

� Congress passed laws that restrict communist parties in U.S.

� 22nd

Amendment ratified

� Electricity generated from nuclear power for 1

st time

Transportation � NYC’s Idlewild Airport opened (renamed JFK)

� Lucky Lady II � New York’s Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel opened

�


1952 1953 1954 1955

S.D.A. History � � � R.R. Figuhr – 15th

GC President

�

People � Earnest Hemingway published “The Old Man and the Sea”

� Nikita Krushchev won power in Soviet Union

� Billy Graham became national evangelist

� Albert Einstein died

Events � U.S. detonated 1st

hydrogen bomb � Chuck Yeager set speed

record in X-1 rocket plane

� U.S. Supreme Court forbade racial segregation – Brown vs. Board of Education

� Rosa Parks arrested

Inventions � James Salk developed vaccine for Polio

� 1st pace maker

� Measles vaccine � McDonald’s started � Optic Fiber

� Disney Land opened

Government/Business � Puerto Rico becomes U.S. commonwealth

� Dwight D. Eisenhower President

� SEATO � President Eisenhower suffered heart attack

Transportation � Water speed record set in Scotland, 206.89 mph

� � 1st flight of B-52

Stratofortress � ICC ordered all U.S.

interstate trains & buses to end segregation practices


1956 1957 1958 1959

S.D.A. History � It is Written founded � � �

People � Larry Bird born

� Grace Kelly married Monaco’s Prince Rainier III

� Bobby Fischer became chess champion at age 13

� Arnold Palmer wins 1st

Masters Tournament � Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. –

1st African American to

become Major General

Events � World Series – New York Yankees over Brooklyn Dodgers, 4-3

� � Experimental nuclear power plant went into operation

� Fidel Castro victorious in Cuban takeover

Inventions � Transatlantic telephone cable

� Hovercraft

� Liquid Paper

� � Explorer I, 1st American

satellite, launched

� Hula Hoop

� Barbie Doll

�

Government/Business � IBM founder Thomas J. Watson died

� Teamsters expelled from AFL-CIO

� Sharp rise in unemployment

� Alaska became 49th

state

� Hawaii became 50th

state

Transportation � Italian ocean liner Andrea Doria sank

� Interstate highway system authorized

� Ford Motor Company introduced Edsel

� USS Nautilus crosses under North Pole

� U.S. & Canada completed St. Lawrence Seaway


1960 1961 1962 1963

S.D.A. History � � � �

People � Clark Gable died � “Freedom Riders” travel throughout the South

� Phil Knight develops 1st

Nike running shoe � Michael Jordan born

Events � U.S./French divers dove to 35,800 feet in Pacific

� Alan Shepard – 1st

American in space

� Berlin Wall built

� John Glenn – 1st

U.S. astronaut to orbit earth

� Martin L. King, Jr. “I Have a Dream” speech

� Atomic-powered submarine “Thresher” sank – 129 dead

Inventions � U.S. launched 1st

weather satellite � Electric toothbrush � 1

st computer video game � Audio cassettes

introduced

Government/Business � 1st studies show link

between cigarettes & heart disease

� John F. Kennedy President

� 23rd

Amendment ratified

� Cuban Missile crisis � John F. Kennedy assassinated

� Lyndon B. Johnson President

Transportation � � 1st significant federal

public transportation legislation – Washington, D.C.

� 1st monorail � Last surviving city with

interurban line – metro Chicago


1964 1965 1966 1967

S.D.A. History � Kettering College of Medical Arts opened

� Amazing Facts founded � Robert H. Pearson – 16th

GC President

�

People � Jimmy Hoffa convicted of fraud

� “Beatles” invade U.S.

� Malcolm X murdered � �

Events � Anchorage, Alaska hit by major earthquake

� War escalates in Vietnam � Miranda Decision � Large-scale war protests

Inventions � 1st lung transplant � Astroturf

� Kevlar

� (CD) Compact Disk

� 1st direct-dial

international call � 1

st handheld calculator

Government/Business � Civil Rights Act

� 20th

Amendment ratified

� Voting Rights Act � N.O.W. formed (National Organization of Women)

� 25th

Amendment ratified

Transportation � Verrazano Narrows Bridge opens – longest suspension bridge

� 1st U.S. space walk � 1

st public takeover of

commuter railroad - NYC � 1

st Boeing 737 takes

flight


1968 1969 1970 1971


People � Hubert Humphrey challenges Richard Nixon for Presidency

� Ho Chi Minh died � �

Events � Martin L. King, Jr. assassinated

� Robert Kennedy assassinated

� Neil Armstrong – 1st

person to walk on moon � Kent State University

shooting – 4 unarmed students killed

� “All in the Family” most popular television show

Inventions � Computer mouse � Cash Machine (ATM)

� Videotape cassette

� Internet

� 1st Pictophone in U.S. � VCR

� Walt Disney World opens

Government/Business � USS Pueblo captured � Richard Nixon President � War in Vietnam spreads into Cambodia

� 26th

Amendment ratified – voting age from 21 to 18

Transportation � 1st rail station at an

airport – Cleveland, OH � 1

st Boeing 747 flight

� Concorde Airborne

� American motors introduces Gremlin

�


1972 1973 1974 1975


People � � � Charles Lindbergh died � Tiger Woods born

Events � 11 Olympic athletes murdered by terrorists

� U.S. completes withdrawal from Vietnam

� � Vietnam War ends

Inventions � Hacky Sack � CAT scanner

� Sears Tower built

� Post-it notes �

Government/Business � President Nixon visits China

� Vice-president Spiro Agnew resigns

� President Nixon resigned from office

� Gerald Ford became 1st

person to become President of U.S. without being elected to the position

� American ship Mayaguez captured by Cambodia

Transportation � Public transportation ridership hits lowest point in 20

th century

� � 1st cooperative space

mission between U.S. & Soviet Union

�


1976 1977 1978 1979

S.D.A. History � � � � Desmond Ford controversy

� Neal C. Wilson – 17th

GC President

People � � � Norman Rockwell died �

Events � U.S. Bicentennial � President Carter pardons 10,000 draft evaders

� � 3-Mile Island nuclear accident

� U.S. hostages taken in Iran

� Worst U.S. air crash kills 275

Inventions � � Space Shuttle � Smallpox eradicated from Earth

� Cell Phone

� Walkman

� Roller Blades

Government/Business � Apple II introduced � Jimmy Carter President � Trade Act � President Carter hosts Camp David Accord between Israel & Egypt

� U.S. & China established full diplomatic relations

Transportation � 1st commercial Concorde

flight � U.S. gives up Panama

Canal

� 1st wheel-chair-life-

equipped fixed-route bus – San Diego

� �


1980 1981 1982 1983

S.D.A. History � 27 Fundamental Beliefs published

� � �

People � John Lennon murdered � Walter Cronkite retires after 19 years on CBS Evening News

� Cal Ripken started 1st

game of his record 2632 consecutive games played

�

Events � U.S. boycotted Summer Olympic Games

� Mt. St. Helens erupted

� Ronald Reagan shot

� 1st Space Shuttle launched

� “60 Minutes” most popular TV show

� Sally Ride – 1st U.S.

woman in space

� Grenada invaded by U.S.

Inventions � � � 1st artificial heart

transplant � Cabbage Patch Kids

Government/Business � U.S. Olympic hockey team defeated Soviet Union for Gold Medal

� Ronald Reagan President

� Sandra Day O’Connor – 1

st woman on U.S.

Supreme Court

� � 200 U.S. Marines killed in Lebanon

Transportation � � President Reagan fired 2000 air traffic controllers

� Air Florida Flight 90 crashed into Potomac River – live scenes showed on TV

� 1st spacewalk


1984 1985 1986 1987

S.D.A. History � Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) founded

� Three Angels Broadcasting Network (3ABN) founded

� 1st National Pathfinder

Camporee – Camp Hale, Colorado

� HMS Richards, Sr, died

� �

People � Indira Ghandhi assassinated

� � � Jessica McClure falls into 18” pipe

Events � Soviet Union boycotts Olympic Games

� Ford Taurus revealed � Space Shuttle Challenger exploded killing all 7 astronauts

�

Inventions � � Windows by Microsoft � Disposable camera � Laptop computer

� Disposable contact lenses

Government/Business � Bell System broken into 24 independent units (baby bells)

� U.S. owes more money to foreigners than it was owed

� Iran Contra Deal � USS Stark hit by Iraqi missiles

Transportation � � TWA Flight 847 hijacked � �


1988 1989 1990 1991

S.D.A. History � � � Robert S. Folkenberg – 18

th GC President

�

People � � � �

Events � Soviets pulled out of Afghanistan

� Berlin Wall falls

� Largest oil spill in U.S. history

� Iraqi troops invade Kuwait

� Persian Gulf War

� USSR came to formal end

Inventions � Doppler Radar � 1st liver transplant � World Wide Wed (www) � Hubble Telescope

launched

Government/Business � � George H.W. Bush President

� Fall of Communism

� East & West Germany united

� Breakup of Soviet Union

Transportation � U.S. shot down Iranian Passenger Jet – nearly 300 killed – mistaken identity

� � Public transportation buses subject to strict pollution controls – Washington, D.C.

�


1992 1993 1994 1995


People � � � Richard Nixon died � Dr. Benjamin A. Harris, Jr. – 1

st African American

to walk in space

Events � 1992 Los Angeles riots

� Hurricane Andrew

� Confrontation at Waco – 87 dead

� NAFTA � Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City bombed – 168 killed

� O.J. Simpson found not guilt of murdering his ex-wife and her friend

Inventions � � World Wide Web (www) made free to everyone

� The “Chunnel” opened � DVD invented


Amendment ratified � Bill Clinton President

� World Trade Center bombed (1

st time)

� Republicans took control of Congress

� WB Television Network began

Transportation � � Great Blizzard of 1993 � USAir Flight 427 crashed in Pittsburgh killing all 132 passengers

� Denver International Airport opens – largest airport in U.S.


1996 1997 1998 1999

S.D.A. History � � � � Jan Paulsen – 19th

GC President

� Mission College opened

People � JonBenet Ramsey found murdered

� “Mister Rogers” received a star on Hollywood Walk of Fame

� Princess Diana killed in car crash

� Terry Nichols sentenced to life in prison for OK bombing

�

Events � Menendez Brothers murder trial

� North Hollywood shootout

� Massive ice storm hits New England & Ontario & Quebec

� Columbine High School Massacre

Inventions � “AskJeeves” founded � Mars Pathfinder landed on the planet

� 1st vaccine for lyme

disease � Bluetooth announced

Government/Business � Dow Jones closes over 6000

� F.W. Woolworth closed after 117 years

� U.S. embassies simultaneously bombed in Kenya & Tanzania

� Bill Clinton impeached – found not guilty by one vote

Transportation � TWA Flight 800 explodes – 230 killed

� � �


2000 2001 2002 2003

S.D.A. History � 1st NAD K-12 Teachers’

Convention held in Dallas, TX

� � � Barry C. Black – 1st

African American Senate Chaplain

� The Hope Channel founded

People � U.S. population over 280 million

� Dale Earnhardt killed Daytona 500

� � Eric Rudolph, ’96 Olympic bomber, captured in North Carolina

Events � � World Trade Center & Pentagon attacked – nearly 3000 killed

� Arizona experienced worst wild fires

� Iraq invasion

� Space Shuttle Columbia disaster

Inventions � Segway Human Transporter

� Google began � Virtual keyboard � Toyota introduced Hybrid car

Government/Business � Y2K passes with minimal disruptions

� George W. Bush President

� Homeland Security Act � Iraq War began

� Saddam Hussein captured



2004 2005 2006 2007

S.D.A. History � Faith on Fire International Camporee in Oshkosh, WI – over 30,000 participants

� 5 Georgia-Cumberland Conference leaders died in plane crash

� Church membership surpasses 14,000,000

� Desmond Doss died

� 2nd

NAD K-12 Teachers’ Convention held in Nashville, TN

�

People � Massive underwater earthquake & tsunami hits southeastern Asia killing over 200,000

� Dennis Rader – BTK killer – captured 31 years after 1

st murder

� World population reached 6.5 billion

�

Events � Ground-breaking for Freedom Tower at Ground Zero in NYC

� Hurricane Katrina devastated Gulf coast – over 1604 killed

� Only 1 of 13 miners survive trapped nearly 2 days underground

�

Inventions � Adidas 1 – Thinking Shoe � � �

Government/Business � Secretary of State Colin Powell resigned

� National Hockey League canceled 2004-2005 season

� Great American Boycott protesting for immigration rights

�

Transportation � Last Oldsmobile produced

� Oil prices sharply rose after Hurricane Katrina

� �



People � � � �

Events � � � �

Inventions � � � �

Government/Business � � � �



QUESTIONS TO PONDER

The following are a few questions and scenarios that pertain to the history outlined in the timeline. Answer each question according to how your teacher may assign each one. You may answer the questions in one of the following ways: Essay Poem Sonnet Dialogue Compare/contrast Debate Your teacher may decide the length of each assignment.


LIBERTY AND FREEDOM

In 1886, the Statue of Liberty was dedicated. The following welcome was carved on the

base.

“Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me:

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

Was this an open invitation to allow any and all people into the United States? What do you think the inscription means? Could the words on this inscription describe the Seventh-day Adventist Church throughout its history? Why or why not? Give specific examples for your reasoning.


ELLIS ISLAND

In 1892, a new receiving station was opened on Ellis Island in the harbor of New York

City. Here, immigrants had to face a dreaded medical inspection. Doctors watched

newcomers climb a long flight of stairs. Anyone who limped or appeared out of breath

might be stopped. Doctors also examined eyes, ears, and throats. The sick had to stay

on Ellis Island until they got well. A small percentage who failed to regain full health

were sent home.

Consider the above practice that the United States government imposed upon the new

immigrants coming to the United States. Was it right and appropriate to not allow

someone with a limp or with some other medical problem from entering the United

States? Does this happen today? Should the practice be changed if it does happen

today?


INVENTIONS

Look at all the items listed in the inventions section of the timeline.

Which invention/happening do you consider the most important? Why? Write your

selection and your reasons in a list on a sheet of paper. Pair/share with a friend and

consider both answers. Then you and your partner choose which one of the two answers

is the most important. Again write your answer on a sheet of paper and present it to the

class at the appropriate time.


FIRSTS FOR WOMEN

There was a women’s rights convention in 1848. The National Woman Suffrage

Association was established in 1869. The first woman to run for president was Victoria

Woodhull in 1872. The first Civil Rights Act was in 1875. The National American

Women’s Suffrage Association was formed in 1890. The first collegiate women’s

basketball game was played in 1892. The first woman elected to Congress was Jeanette

Rankin in 1916. In 1920 the 19th Amendment was ratified giving women the right to vote.

The first female governor was Nellie Tayloe Ross in 1925. Hattie W. Caraway was the

first woman elected to the U.S. Senate in 1932. The National Organization of Women

(NOW) was created in 1966. Sandra Day O’Connor became the first woman to sit on the

U.S. Supreme Court in 1982. In 1983 Sally Ride became the first U.S. woman to go into

space. In 2001, Hillary Clinton became the first First Lady to become a United States

Senator.

With all these firsts for women throughout our history, why have we not had a female

president of the United States? Other countries have female presidents or leaders. As

you answer this question, make a list of female leaders and which country she

represented and the dates. Is the United States ready for a female president? When

do you think the first female will be elected president in the United States? On the

church level, the Seventh-day Adventist Church has never had a female General

Conference president. Why do you think this has happened? When do you think the

church will elect a female General Conference president?


I HAVE A DREAM

Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered this moving speech on August 28, 1963, before the

largest crowd ever assembled for a civil rights demonstration in the United States.

Millions more watched Dr. King on television. In 1964 King became the youngest person

ever to win the Nobel Peace Prize. On April 4, 1968, Dr. King was shot to death in

Memphis, Tennessee.

There is something that I must say to my people. …In the process of gaining our

rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy

our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred….

We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable

horrors of police brutality…. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in

Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for

which to vote. No, no we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until

justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a might stream….

I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations

of the moment I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American

dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up

and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We

hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men

are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of

Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of

former slaveowners will be able to sit down

together at the table of brotherhood.

…I have a dream that my four little children will

one day live in a nation where they will not be

judged by the color of their skin but by the

content of their character.


I have a dream today.

…I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and

mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plains, and the crooked

places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all

flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this

faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With

this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a

beautiful symphony of brotherhood….

With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle

together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that

we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new

meaning, “My country ‘tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land

where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrims’ pride, from every mountainside, let

freedom ring”….

When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every

hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day

when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles,

Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the

old Negro spiritual, “Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free

at last!”

After reading the speech given by Martin Luther King, Jr., in 1963, consider how far this

country has come since then in regards to Equal Rights and Civil Rights. Talk with

someone who lived through the sixties. Have this person relate what the United States

was like then and how they perceive the changes that have taken place since then.

Consider the position of the Seventh-day Adventist Church as we proceed through the

beginning of the 21st century. The church in North America still has separate Black and

White Conferences. Should the church continue this practice, or is it time to unite the

conferences? Why were separate Black conferences developed? Were they needed?

Who wanted the separation?


WHERE THEY CAME FROM – WHAT CHANGED?

Compare and contrast the charts above. In 1900 the greatest number of immigrants

came from Europe. In 1998 the largest group of immigrants came from the Americas.

Describe how immigration patterns changed between 1900 and 1998. Why the changes?

Did any of your own relatives immigrate to the United States? In which chart would they

be included?

Where They Came From -- 1900

Europe,

94.7, 95%

Asia, 4, 4%

Americas,

1.2, 1%Africa and

others, 0.1,

0%Europe

Asia

Americas

Africa and others

Where They Came From -- 1998

Americas,

45.2, 45%

Asia, 33.2,

33%

Africans,

6.2, 6%

Europeans,

13.7, 14%

Other, 1.7,

2%

Americas

Asia

Africans

Europeans

Other


PROHIBITION

The 18th Amendment was ratified in 1922. It states:

Section 1. Ban on Alcohol. After one year from the ratification of this article the

manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation

thereof into, or the exportation thereof from, the United States and all territory

subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Section 2. Enforcement. The Congress and the several states shall have concurrent

power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Was the United States legislating morality with this amendment? If they were, should

they? Were personal rights being taken away from the people? What was the stand of

the Seventh-day Adventist Church on this amendment? Did/should the Church come out

in favor of this amendment publicly? What is your personal opinion on this amendment?

This amendment was repealed in 1933 with the 21st Amendment. Should it have been

repealed?


CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTOR

Read The Unlikeliest Hero by Booton Herndon. It is the story of Desmond T. Doss. Doss

was a conscientious objector during World War II. Doss refused to carry a gun and yet

he won the Medal of Honor in 1945 for his courageous action during the war. Doss was

injured as well.

How do you feel about a person who is a conscientious objector? Would you become one

if you entered the armed services? What is the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s position

on whether one should carry a gun during wartime? You may want to write a book review

on The Unlikeliest Hero.


MASS MEDIA AND THE JAZZ AGE

Before 1920, different regions of the United States had very different cultures,

interests, and attitudes. This began to change in the 1920s. For the first time, people

all over the country saw and heard the same movies, radio broadcasts, and news sources.

The use of print and broadcast methods to communicate information to large numbers of

people is known as the mass media. The rise of mass media produced a truly national

culture.

The popularity of radio contributed to the wide popularity of jazz music. Jazz grew out

of African American music of the South, especially ragtime and blues. Jazz became so

popular nationwide that the 1920s came to be called the Jazz Age. The music of jazz

greats such as Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington lives on today.

The 1920s were also a great time for American literature. Ernest Hemingway and F.

Scott Fitzgerald were part of a group of writers known as the Lost Generation. They

believed they were lost in a greedy world that lacked moral values. Their work inspired

many young Americans to rebel against the culture of their times. The Harlem

Renaissance was a literary movement begun by African American writers in a section of

New York City called Harlem. Writers such as Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes

created powerful novels and poems about the African American experience.

Radio Movies Newspapers

� By 1930, nearly 14

million American

households own radios

� Radio networks such

as NBC reach

nationwide audiences

� For the first time,

people around the

country hear the same

music, news programs,

and commercials

� Los Angeles suburb of

Hollywood becomes

center of American

film industry

� Theaters sell 100

million tickets a week

at a time when the

United States

population is less than

125 million

� Film making becomes

the 4th largest

business in the

country

� Newspaper “chains”

buy up newspapers

around the country

� Number of

newspapers sold each

day increases by 141%

� People share the same

information, are

influenced by the

same ideas and

fashions


How did radio help create a national culture? What were some of the favorite radio

shows that were listened to in the ‘30s, ‘40s, and 50s? How did radio help the Seventh-

day Adventist Church spread the message around the country? In what year was the

Voice of Prophecy founded? Who led in this ministry? Follow the rise of the Voice of Prophecy throughout its history?


THE STRUGGLE FOR JUSTICE AT HOME

As World War II began, the Jim Crow system was still strong in the South. African

Americans continued moving from the South to northern cities. They found new job

opportunities in the North, but also faced new problems. Due to racism and segregation,

African American families were not welcome in many neighborhoods. In 1942, the

Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) was founded to fight racial discrimination.

Mexican Americans also faced discrimination during the war. At the same time, however,

the wartime economy provided Mexican Americans with new job opportunities in

shipbuilding yards and aircraft factories. To make up for a shortage in farm laborers,

the American government encouraged Mexicans to come to the United States. The war

also changed life for many Native Americans. Thousands of Native Americans moved to

cities to work in war-related industries. Life in the city was a new experience for most

Native Americans.

Japanese Americans suffered the worst discrimination during World War II. After the

bombing of Pearl Harbor, hostility toward Japanese Americans increased rapidly. Many

people feared that Japanese Americans would work as spies for Japan during the war. In

response to these fears and prejudices, the government decided to remove all Japanese

Americans from the West Coast. About 110,000 people were forced into internment

camps, or camps in remote areas in which people were confined during the war. In 1988,

the United States government officially apologized for its unjust treatment of Japanese

Americans during the war.

Was the United States correct in placing 110,000

Japanese Americans into internment camps during World

War II? What would you have done during the war if one

of your neighbors was a Japanese American? Would you

have treated them any differently? Did/should the

United States government have given compensation, along

with the apology, in 1988? If so, how much and to whom?


THE STRUGGLE FOR EQUALITY INTENSIFIES

Beginning in the 1940s and 1950s, African Americans began using the sit-in to protest

segregation. In these sit-ins, a group of activists, usually both blacks and whites, sat

together in a segregated restaurant. If they were refused service, they simply stayed

where they were. Sit-ins were an effective form of protest, although protestors

sometimes faced arrest or violent opposition. Another protest, the Freedom Rides, had

the goal of forcing southern bus stations to end segregation. In 1961, Freedom Riders

boarded buses and headed south, stopping at stations along the way. When they reached

Alabama, Freedom Riders were met by an angry mob. Many riders were beaten, and their

bus was burned.

In 1962, a black Air Force veteran, James Meredith, transferred to the all-white

University of Mississippi. Although the Supreme Court had ruled that Meredith should

be allowed to attend the school, Mississippi Governor Ross Barnett personally blocked

Meredith’s way to the admissions office. Angry white protesters cheered the governor

on, and violence broke out on campus. President Kennedy sent army troops to restore

order. Federal marshals escorted Meredith to class.

In 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. went to the city of Birmingham, Alabama, to lead a

series of nonviolent marches and sit-ins. During one march, Birmingham police attacked

the marches, using clubs, high-pressure fire hoses, and police dogs. Across the country,

people watched these violent scenes on television. Even people who did not support civil

rights were horrified by the brutality of the police. The protest movement gained

support, and the city of Birmingham ended segregation.

One major attack occurred on Sunday, September 15, 1963. A bomb exploded in the

Sixteenth Street Baptist Church at 10:22 AM. The bomb killed four young girls. Robert

Chambliss, a member of the Ku Klux Klan, was arrested but found not guilty of the

murders. Years later, in 1977, Chambliss was tried once again and found guilty this time.

He died in prison in 1985.

After John F. Kennedy took office as President, he moved slowly on civil rights issues.

Kennedy was disturbed, however, by the violence committed against protesters during

the Freedom Rides and the Birmingham marches. He decided it was time for the

government to take action against racism. In 1963, Kennedy encouraged Congress to pass

a strong civil rights bill. Southern pro-segregation members of Congress stopped

Kennedy’s bill from becoming law.


To show support for Kennedy’s civil rights bill, civil rights leaders planned a march in

Washington, D.C. The March on Washington took place in August 1963. Over 200,000

people marched and listened to speeches. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous “I

Have A Dream” speech, in which he predicted that one day the United States would be

free of racism. King’s powerful words were heard around the country.

After Kennedy’s assassination, President Johnson convinced Congress to pass Kennedy’s

civil rights bill, known as the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Act expanded civil rights in

many areas, including voting, school, and jobs. Even after this, however, African

Americans had difficulty exercising their right to vote in the south. Martin Luther King,

Jr. led a huge protest march from Selma, Alabama, to the state capital of Montgomery.

Johnson used army troops to protect the marches. That summer, Congress passed the

Voting Rights Act of 1965. The Act protected African American’s right to vote in the

South, leading to increased African American involvement in local, state, and national

politics.

Ask your parents or grandparents if they remember the 1960s and the civil unrest that

was taking place throughout the country. Why did the Governor of Mississippi defy the

law and stand in the way of Mr. Meredith entering the University of Mississippi? Do you

see any segregation around your town or neighborhood today? How can we make sure

that everyone is treated as equals?

Read one or both of the following books to catch a glimpse of what it was like to be black

in the 1960s. The first book is The Watsons Go to Birmingham, 1963 by Christopher Paul

Curtis. The second book is entitled Just Like Martin by Ossie Davis. Present a book

review on the book to the class.


NATIVE AMERICAN STRUGGLES

Native Americans are another group that was inspired by the civil rights movement of the

1950s and 1960s. Native Americans had many difficult problems to battle. Many Native

American communities suffered from poverty and poor living conditions. Native

Americans also faced a problem that was unique to their situation. For centuries, an

important part of the Native American way of life was their close ties to the land. Yet

over the years, state and federal governments had continued to take over Native

American lands.

Native Americans began to focus on protecting the land that they still controlled. Native

Americans brought lawsuits against the government for broken treaties and failure to

make promised payments. Courts often supported Native American claims. In 1968, a

group of Native American leaders started the American Indian Movement (AIM). AIM’s

goal was to fight for better conditions and opportunities for Native Americans. AIM

encouraged young Native Americans to take pride in their heritage, and sought to regain

lands they believed had been illegally taken from them.

Native American activists led dramatic protests against the government at Alcatraz

island and the Sioux village of Wounded Knee. The government began to respond to

Native American demands. Native Americans were included in Great Society programs

aimed at helping people with housing, health, and education. Native Americans gained the

right to plan and run their own schools and social programs. Native Americans also

continued to win legal battles to regain rights to their traditional lands.

Study the original battle that took place at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, in 1890. More

than 200 Sioux men, women, and children were killed in that “battle”. If you had

something taken from you without your permission, what would you do? What could the

Native Americans do when this happened to them over and over again? Was there any

treaty with Native Americans that the United States government did NOT break? What

can you and your school do to help Native Americans today? Study into the Holbrook

Indian School.

Their address is:

Holbrook Indian School

PO Box 910

Holbrook, AZ 86025


THE CRISES OF 1968

For nearly 2,000 years, the Vietnamese had struggled against domination by their

powerful neighbor, China. Then, in the 1980s, Vietnam became a colony of France. The

Vietnamese began resisting French rule. After World War II, The Vietnamese

independence movement was led by Ho Chi Minh, a nationalist who sympathized with

Communist ideas. By 1954, Ho’s army was defeating the French. Representatives of

Vietnam, France, and other powers met to resolve the conflict. As a result, Vietnam was

divided into two nations. Ho Chi Minh controlled North Vietnam. Ngo Dinh Diem, a pro-

American leader, became the leader of South Vietnam. In 1955, North and South

Vietnam began battling for control of the nation.

When John F. Kennedy became President in 1961, he was determined to stop the spread

of communism. He supported Diem’s government and sent thousands of American military

advisors to South Vietnam to help the South Vietnamese resist the North Vietnamese.

In spite of American aid, North Vietnamese forces and Communist forces in the South,

known as Viet Cong, gained control of more and more territory. In 1964, President

Johnson began a rapid expansion of American military involvement in the war. The

number of American combat troops in Vietnam increased from 25,000 in 1965, to over

500,000 in 1968. In January 1968, Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops launched the

Tet Offensive, a series of attacks throughout South Vietnam. Television brought scenes

of the battles to millions of Americans. This was the “first” live television coverage of a

war in action.

This was a turning point to the war. The Tet Offensive was a major offensive. The

attack ended in military defeat for the Viet Cong and their North Vietnamese allies.

Still, the Tet Offensive caused many Americans to believe the war in Vietnam could never

be won. After the Tet Offensive, public opinion polls showed for the first time that a

majority of Americans opposed the war.

At home, the United States was shaken by two political assassinations. In April 1968,

Martin Luther King, Jr., was killed in Memphis, Tennessee. Some African Americans

expressed their anger and frustration by rioting. Americans of all races lost some of

their faith in the idea of non-violent change. Two months later, Robert F. Kennedy

(President John Kennedy’s brother) was assassinated while campaigning for the

Democratic presidential nomination. Robert Kennedy’s death was a great blow to many


Americans, who saw him as an in inspirational leader who could have helped heal the

nation’s wounds.

In August 1968, a divided Democratic party nominated Vice President Hubert Humphrey

as the party’s presidential candidate. Many Democrats objected to Humphrey’s support

of the Vietnam War. The Republicans nominated Richard Nixon. Nixon emphasized law

and order and said he had a plan to end the war in Vietnam. Nixon defeated Humphrey in

a close election.

Why did the United States go to war in Vietnam? Had the French succeeded in their

attempt to rule Vietnam in the early 50s? Should the United States care whether

Communism exists in another country that is half way around the world? What if

Communism existed closer to home (Cuba)? As a member of the Seventh-day Adventist

Church, should you care where Communism exists? Should you care whether a person

lives in freedom or in a dictatorship? What can you do to help spread Christianity to

countries that do not allow freedom of speech and religion?

Should news agencies be allowed to cover a war with live coverage? Is the truth always

stated or do news agencies try to “sensationalize” what they show to the world so they

can get high ratings? View some television coverage of a live event, whether it is the war

on terrorism or a specific event in our country. Analyze the coverage and decide whether

it is covered without bias and free of all personal convictions.


THE WATERGATE SCANDAL

While Richard Nixon was President, the White House engaged in a number of unethical

and illegal actions. For example, Nixon ordered aides to wiretap, or install listening

devices on, the telephones of a variety of people Nixon considered to be his political

“enemies.”

During the election campaign of 1972, Nixon supporters formed the Committee to

Reelect the President. Several members of this group decided to wiretap the phones at

the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate apartment complex

in Washington, D.C. On June 16, 1972, five men were arrested while trying to break into

this office to install the wiretaps. Although Nixon had not been involved in planning the

break-in, he tried to keep the public from hearing about the crime. He secretly tried to

convince the FBI to stop its investigation. The break-in and cover-up became known as

the Watergate scandal.

Nixon publicly claimed that no one in the White House was involved in the Watergate

break-in or cover-up. In November 1972, Nixon was reelected by a huge margin. In

1973, however, details of the Watergate scandal began to emerge. A Senate committee

started investigating the affair. Millions of Americans watched on television as Nixon’s

personal legal counselor testified that Nixon knew about the Watergate cover-up.

Another aide revealed that Nixon tape-recorded all his White House meetings and

telephone conversations. The Senate demanded these tapes, but Nixon refused to

release them. The Supreme Court eventually forced Nixon to surrender the tapes. They

provided clear evidence that Nixon had been involved in the cover-up. On August 9, 1974,

Nixon became the first President to resign from office.

Are wiretaps used today by the federal government? If so, are they legal? Would you

want your telephone wiretapped? What was President Nixon guilty of? Did he know

about the break-in before it happened? Should Nixon have resigned? How disgraceful

was it for the President of the United States to resign from office? Who became

President when Nixon resigned? How did the new President, by becoming President, make

history?


WORKS CITED

http://www.adventistheritage.org

http://www.babyboomers.com

http://www.factmonster.com

http://www.google.com

http://www.historycentral.com

http://www.infoplease.com

http://www.internet4classrooms.com/search.htm

http://inventors.about.com

http://www.msnbc.msn.com

http://www.teacheroz.com

http://wikipedia.org/wiki/1940

http://222.worldalmanaforkids.com

Spalding, A.W. Origin and History of Seventh-day Adventists. Washington, D.C.: Review

and Herald Publishing Association, 1961.


Teacher Bulletin Unit Plan

Unit Author

First and Last Name: Larry Robbins

Conference: Georgia-Cumberland Conference

School Name: A. W. Spalding Elementary

School City, State: Collegedale, TN

Unit Overview

Unit Plan Title: Lest We Forget – The Total Historical Picture

Curriculum-Framing Questions

Essential Question Has Church history been affected by National History?

Unit Questions

� What major events took place in our country and our

church at the same time?

� How did/should our church react to major events?

� Have events in the past affected what happens

today?

Content Questions

� Who have been the General Conference presidents of

the SDA Church?

� What major events took place that affect how we live

today?

� Should I be more vocal in politics?

� What major events took place during and as a result

of the Vietnam War?

Unit Summary:

This unit gives an outline of the church and our nation from 1848 to the Present. Major

categories include: S.D.A. History, People, Events, Inventions, Government/Business, and

Transportation. A section with specific happenings in the history of our nation is

included with questions to ponder. Students will analyze cause and effect of several

events.


Subject Area(s):

Business Education

Engineering

Home Economics

Language Arts

Music

Social Studies

Drama

Foreign Language

Industrial Technology

Math

Physical Education

Science

Religion

Technology

Other:

Grade Level:

K-2

6-8

ESL

Gifted and Talented

3-5

9-12

Resource

Other:

Procedures: Introducing the Unit

Introduce the essential question. Has SDA Church history been affected by

national history? Does it matter what happens in national events?

Introducing Core Content

What are some of the major events that have taken place in the nearly 160 years

of SDA Church history? What are some of the major events that have taken

place in United States history since 1848? Has the SDA Church taken a stand on

many major issues that have affected life in the United States?

Unit Schedule 1 class a week – 70 minute period

Day 1 Introduce the unit. Explain the time schedule to the class.

To Follow Each week cover 5-year period.

Have a discussion about history in general.

Discuss SDA history for the time period.


Technology – Software needed:

Database/Spreadsheet

Desktop Publishing

E-mail Software

Encyclopedia on CD-ROM

Image Processing

Internet Browser

Multimedia

Web Page Development

Word Processing

Other:

Printed Materials:

Copy of the timeline for each student or use LCD

projector to view the timeline.

The Watsons Go To Birmingham, 1963

Just Like Martin

Under the Blood Red Sun

Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry

Supplies: Pathways of the Pioneers CDs,

Internet Resources:

Others:

Accommodations for Differentiated Instruction

Resource Student:

Students who are working at a lower level in the

classroom will have modified requirements for the

projects. Alternate rubrics will also be used.

Non-Native English

Speaker:

Non-native English-speaking students will have a

partner available to them as a consultant.

Gifted Student:

Students who are working at a higher level in the

class will complete a PowerPoint presentation and two

other projects.

Student Assessment:

Peer conferencing, quizzes, rubrics, tests, projects.

a look at the history of the seventh-day adventist church ... · a look at the history of the...

Documents