a. energy and metabolism check your learning

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Energy and Metabolism

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Metabolism

Which of the following cell processes requires the use of energy?

A) all of these answers

B) transport of hormones and neurotransmitters between cells

C) degradation of complex carbohydrates into simple sugars

D) movement of surrounding materials via the cilia and flagella

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Metabolism

Which of the following cell processes requires the use of energy?

A) all of these answers

B) transport of hormones and neurotransmitters between cells

C) degradation of complex carbohydrates into simple sugars

D) movement of surrounding materials via the cilia and flagella

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Metabolism

A complex carbohydrate, such as a starch, contains many chemical bonds.This is an example of:

A) kinetic energy only

B) potential energy in the form of chemical energy

C) thermal energy only

D) kinetic energy in the form of structural energy

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Metabolism

A complex carbohydrate, such as a starch, contains many chemical bonds.This is an example of:

A) kinetic energy only

B) potential energy in the form of chemical energy

C) thermal energy only

D) kinetic energy in the form of structural energy


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Metabolism

A slinky at the top of a staircase has:

A) kinetic energy

B) chemical energy

C) potential energy

D) thermal energy


Metabolism

Which of the following illustrates the difference between anabolic and catabolic pathways?

A) Anabolic pathways must be facilitated by an enzyme, while catabolic pathways do not.

B) Anabolic pathways release energy, while catabolic pathways require energy.

C) Anabolic pathways synthesize molecules, while catabolic pathways break down molecules.

D) Anabolic pathways break down complex molecules, while catabolic reactions synthesize simple molecules.


Metabolism

Energy harvested from carbohydrates are used to make which of the following?

A) ATP

B) glucose

C) glycogen

D) starch


Metabolism

The catabolic process of breaking starch down into simpler molecules is considered to be an:

A) exergonic reaction that releases energy.

B) exergonic reaction that requires energy to proceed.

C) endergonic reaction that release energy.

D) endergonic reaction that requires energy to proceed.


Metabolism

The first law of thermodynamic states that:

A) energy can be created, destroyed, transferred, and transformed.

B) energy can be transferred and destroyed, but may not be transformed.

C) energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transferred or transformed.

D) energy in the universe is constant; therefore, destroying it would lead to its re-creation.


Metabolism

How can a liquid increase its order and decrease randomness?

A) It can evaporate into a gas.

B) It can be mixed with other liquids.

C) It can freeze into a solid.

D) all of these answers


Metabolism

Which of the following statements about activation energy is true?

A) Endergonic reaction don't require activation energy because they consume energy.

B) Exergonic reactions don't require activation energy because they release energy.

C) Activation energy is needed for reactants to reach their transition state.

D) The source of heat energy is the activation energy from its surroundings.


Metabolism

What are the 2nd law of thermodynamics and entropy?

• During energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost in the form of unusable

heat energy, which is an unusable form of unusable heat energy.

• Because energy is lost in an unusable form, no energy transfer is completely

efficient.

• The more energy that is lost by a system to its surroundings, the less ordered

and more random the system is.

• Entropy is a measure of randomness and disorder is known as entropy.

• Entropy is a measure of randomness and disorder; high entropy means high

disorder and low energy.

• As chemical reactions reach a state of equilibrium, entropy increases; and as

molecules at a high concentration in one place diffuse and spread out, entropy

also increases.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Metabolism > Potential, Kinetic, Free, and Activation Energy

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Metabolism

The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP:

A) is harnessed as heat energy by the cell to perform work

B) provides energy in coupled reactions

C) is equal to −5700 kcal/mol

D) is primarily stored between the alpha and beta phosphates

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Metabolism

The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP:

A) is harnessed as heat energy by the cell to perform work

B) provides energy in coupled reactions

C) is equal to −5700 kcal/mol

D) is primarily stored between the alpha and beta phosphates


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Metabolism

Part 1. On the figures above, label which energy profile represents an endergonic reaction and which represents an exergonic reaction.

Part 2. Which energy profile could represent glucose synthesis and which could represent glucose degradation?

Part 3. Label the portion of each profile that depicts the activation energy.

Metabolism

Part 1. On the figures above, label which energy profile represents an endergonic reaction and which represents an exergonic reaction.

Part 2. Which energy profile could represent glucose synthesis and which could represent glucose degradation?

Part 3. Label the portion of each profile that depicts the activation energy.

Exergonic reaction Endergonic reaction

This could be any catabolic reaction, like glucose degradation etc.

This could be any anabolic reaction, like glucose synthesis etc.

Activation energy

Part 1. Fill in the boxes above to label the catalyzed and un-catalyzed reaction profiles.

Part 2. Which reaction should proceed at a higher rate?

Part 3. What is responsible for catalysis in cells?

Un-catalyzed

Part 1. Fill in the boxes above to label the catalyzed and un-catalyzed reaction profiles.

Part 2. Which reaction should proceed at a higher rate? The catalyzed reaction.

Part 3. What is responsible for catalysis in cells? Enzymes (one specific enzyme for one specific reaction).

Catalyzed

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