ACS 206WRITING Weeks 9-14

THESİS STATEMENT Thesis Statement is the most important sentence in

the introduction. It states the specific topic of the essay

Native Americans have mde many valuable contributions to modern U.S. Culture

It lists the subtopics that will be discussed in the body.Native Americans have mde many valuable

contributions to modern U.S. Culture, particularly in the areas of language, art, food and government

It indicates the pattern of organization that the essay will follow.What does the following thesis statement indicate?

There are several differences between a nurse practitioner and a physician’s assisstant.

Please do practice 2 on page 2

The body paragraphs in an essay is like the supporting sentences in a paragraph.

They are the place to develop your topic and prove your points.

There are some patterns that you need to follow them while writing your essay like: Chronological order Compare-contrast Logical division of ideas

We are going to learn about logical division of ideas pattern.

BODY PARAGRAPHS

Logical Division of Ideas In this pattern, topics are divided into subtopics and

then discuss each subtopics in a seperate paragraph.

Causes, reasons, types, kinds, qualities, methods, advantages , disadvantages can be explained by using logical division of ideas.

Three keys to organize a logical division essay: Divide your topic into subtopics and then discuss each

subtopic in a seperate paragraph Write a thesis statement that indicates logical division Use transitions between paragraphs to guide your reader

from one subtopic to the next

BODY PARAGRAPHS

THESİS STATEMENTS FOR LOGİCAL DİVİSİON OF İDEAS The thesis statement of a logical division essay

often indicates the number of subtopics: Inflation has three causes

Specific subtopics may be named in the thesis statement: Inflation has three causes: excessive government

spending, unrestrained consumer borrowing, and an increase in the supply of paper money

Paired conjuctions (both….and, not only….. but also) are an especiaaly effective to list two subtopics: Puppies need both love and discipline to become

responsible members of society.

A colon (:) is useful before lists of two, three or more subtopics: Young people in my culture have less freedom

than young people in U.S.A in three areas: where they live, whom they marry, and what their job is.

Do not forget that subtopics should be in parallel form , which means they have the same grammatical form. In the example above, for example, all the subtopics are dependent noun clauses.

Now, do the practice 3.

THESİS STATEMENTS FOR LOGİCAL DİVİSİON OF İDEAS

THESİS STATEMENT PİTFALLS

Avoid the following common problem in your thesis statement: 1. Thesis statement is too general:

A college is a good investment. A college education is a good investment for four reasons

2. Thesis statement makes a simple announcement I am going to write about sports injuries Avoid sports injuries by taking a few simple precautions

3. Thesis statement states an obvious fact. The internet is a communication superhighway The explosion of the internet has both positive and negative

consequences

Please do practice 4

Too generalGood

Announcement

Good

Fact

Good

TRANSİTİON SİGNALS FOR LOGİCAL DİVİSİON OF İDEAS

Check the transition signals table on page 6 and the model paragraph on page 7.

CAUSE & EFFECT ESSAYS

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

A cause and effect essay explains why certain actions, situations and behaviors happen.

The essay can begin with : an effect such as success and find its causes

which might be education or talentOR

a cause and describe its effects

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

Introduction

The hook introduces the cause(s) or effect(s) Background information helps the reader

understand the cause(s) or effect(s). Background information can give historical

information. The thesis statement show the relationship

between the cause(s) and effect(s) Look at the exercise 3 on page 10 and

analyze the introduction paragraph for hook, background information and thesis statement.

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

Body Paragraphs

The topics sentence in each paragraph defines a specific cause or effect to support the thesis.

All supporting details must be relate to topic sentence. Details include explanations, examples or facts

Body paragraphs are organized in order of importance, chronologically or according to the short-term or long-term effects.

Each paragraph must use clear logic.

Now analyze the body paragraphs of the essay on pages 10-11 according to the criteria above.

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

Conclusion The conclusion restates the cause(s) and the

effect(s) of the essay. It may evaluate or reflect on the ideas

represented. It may give advice.

Analyze the conclusion paragraph of the essay on page 11.

Do the rest of the exercises on pages 11-12-13-14-15

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

Relating Effects to Causes

A cause may have many effect, but they must be logically related.

Look at the sample paragraph on page 16 and see how the writer crossed out the unrelated sentence in the paragraph.

Do the exercise 3 on page 16.

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

Cause Connectors1. Connectors introducing a clause:Use because or since to introduce a clause.

Because/Since the traffic was heavy, we were late for class

We were late for class because/Since the traffic was heavy

Notice how comma is used in two sentences. Other connectors like as and for can also be used

to inroduce clauses.

Dependent clause Main clause

Main clause Dependent clause

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON

2. Connectors introducing a noun phrase

Use due to, because of and as a result of to introduce a noun phrase.

A noun phrase is formed by a noun and its modifiers like heavy traffic, it has no verb. Due to heavy traffic, we were late for class We were late for class because of the heavy traffic.

Other connectors like owing to and thanks to can be used to introduce a noun phrase.

Do the exercises on page 18.

CAUSE & EFFECT ORGANİZATİON Effect Connectors Use therefore, as a result, or

consequently to introduce effect clauses. These connectors always come between two

clauses.

I studied all weekend for the test; as a result, I got an A.

I studied all weekend for the test; as a result, I got an A.

Connectors like thus and so can also be used .

Do the exercise on page 19.

cause effect

cause effect