A Concise Course of English Interpreting A Concise Course of English Interpreting Techniques & PracticeTechniques & Practice

简明英汉口译技巧与实践简明英汉口译技巧与实践

主讲教师：任静生教授主讲教师：任静生教授

合肥工业大学 外国语学院外语系

Lecture Notes: An OutlineLecture Notes: An Outline

Part One: Part One: Introduction to the Course of Introduction to the Course of

interpretationinterpretation

      ① Course Objectives: Objectives, Coverage & Methods

1) To help students consolidate their knowledge of oral English 1) To help students consolidate their knowledge of oral English at an advanced level.at an advanced level.

2) To improve and develop students’ linguistic, cultural 2) To improve and develop students’ linguistic, cultural competence as well as their communicative competence in English.competence as well as their communicative competence in English.

3) To introduce and master some basic theories and practical 3) To introduce and master some basic theories and practical techniques in the bilingual interpretation practice as a techniques in the bilingual interpretation practice as a consecutive interpreter (E-C & C-E) with an emphasis consecutive interpreter (E-C & C-E) with an emphasis on two stages: General English & Business English/Scientific English.on two stages: General English & Business English/Scientific English.

a. Objectivesa. Objectives

1) Background information of the course1) Background information of the course

2) Interpretation Techniques 2) Interpretation Techniques —— —— Preparatory Steps & Practice ExercisesPreparatory Steps & Practice Exercises

3) General English —— Interpretation Practice3) General English —— Interpretation Practice

4) Business/Scientific English—— Interpretation Practice4) Business/Scientific English—— Interpretation Practice

1) Some interpretation skills and practical ways introduced 1) Some interpretation skills and practical ways introduced to to deal with specific situations or problems where necessary and deal with specific situations or problems where necessary and appropriate.appropriate.

2) Well-selected and graded materials to be given to students 2) Well-selected and graded materials to be given to students step by step (from easy to difficult/from simple to complex). step by step (from easy to difficult/from simple to complex). Sometimes if necessary, some key words and phrases are Sometimes if necessary, some key words and phrases are provided for students.provided for students.

b. Coverage of the Courseb. Coverage of the Course

c. Way of Attaining the Set Goalsc. Way of Attaining the Set Goals

3) Some mock conferences (press conference; briefing 3) Some mock conferences (press conference; briefing conference), lectures, and talks to be given or held by conference), lectures, and talks to be given or held by some invited guest speakers or video tapes or some invited guest speakers or video tapes or

interviews interviews if possible.if possible.

4) E-C interpretation practice first and C-E 4) E-C interpretation practice first and C-E interpretation second.interpretation second.

5) Comments on the given practice exercises 5) Comments on the given practice exercises immediately after the interpretation done by the immediately after the interpretation done by the students in students in class: merits and demerits, compared class: merits and demerits, compared with the reference with the reference version given/ offered by the version given/ offered by the instructor and possible ways for instructor and possible ways for further further improvements.improvements.

6) Test and Grading decided and given on the basis of the 6) Test and Grading decided and given on the basis of the following: Oral Interpretation Test makes up 60% and following: Oral Interpretation Test makes up 60% and class attendance, cooperation and in-class interpretation class attendance, cooperation and in-class interpretation 40%. 40%.

1) Brief notes about the history 1) Brief notes about the history and developments of interpretation and developments of interpretation

(Geneva, Georg (1952);2(Geneva, Georg (1952);2ndnd ed. Revised &enlarged, 1968, 115p) ed. Revised &enlarged, 1968, 115p)

JJean Herbertean Herbert （（冉冉 ·· 赫伯特）赫伯特） , , author of author of The Interpreter’s The Interpreter’s

Handbook: How to Become a Conference InterpreterHandbook: How to Become a Conference Interpreter, was the oldest , was the oldest and most distinguished interpreter working for French President and most distinguished interpreter working for French President Charles De Gaulle and later on serving the U.N. as the head of the Charles De Gaulle and later on serving the U.N. as the head of the Translation Department. The book is still regarded today as a Translation Department. The book is still regarded today as a ‘Classic’. The first book ever written about conference interpreter ‘Classic’. The first book ever written about conference interpreter was published when the profession was in its infancy. In his book, was published when the profession was in its infancy. In his book, Hebert states that there have been interpreters since the remotest Hebert states that there have been interpreters since the remotest antiquity, but conference interpretation developed into a recognized antiquity, but conference interpretation developed into a recognized profession only during the First World War. Until then, all profession only during the First World War. Until then, all international meetings of any importance had been held exclusively international meetings of any importance had been held exclusively in French.in French.

② ② Basic concepts & Features of Basic concepts & Features of interpretationinterpretation

Hebert witnessed the birth of the profession and wrote one of Hebert witnessed the birth of the profession and wrote one of the most authoritative early books about it mentioned above.the most authoritative early books about it mentioned above.

Speeches, which occasionally lasted over an hour, were Speeches, which occasionally lasted over an hour, were originally interpreted, consecutively. The first attempts to originally interpreted, consecutively. The first attempts to introduce simultaneous interpretation were made shortly before introduce simultaneous interpretation were made shortly before the Second World War.the Second World War.

—— —— How Conference Interpretation GrowHow Conference Interpretation Grow

GGerver and erver and SSinaiko 1978(30), 5-10inaiko 1978(30), 5-10

The other famous veteran interpreter is Danica Seleskovitch, The other famous veteran interpreter is Danica Seleskovitch, who wrote an excellent book, who wrote an excellent book, Interpreting for International Interpreting for International Conferences: Problems ofConferences: Problems of language & Communicationlanguage & Communication.(Paris, .(Paris, Minard Lettres Modernes(1968), 263p) Minard Lettres Modernes(1968), 263p)

The book is a popular and really accessible introduction to The book is a popular and really accessible introduction to interpretation theory.interpretation theory.

2) Definitions of interpretation and variety of interpretations2) Definitions of interpretation and variety of interpretations

AA “Interpretation, essentially, means an extempore oral “Interpretation, essentially, means an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.” —— language.” —— 钟述孔，实用口译手册钟述孔，实用口译手册

a   not merely a linguistic undertaking but communication:a   not merely a linguistic undertaking but communication:i)   linguistic proficiencyi)   linguistic proficiencyii)  encyclopedic knowledgeii)  encyclopedic knowledge

b   immediate result is a speech reproduced orally in a b   immediate result is a speech reproduced orally in a language.(Transfer of the meaning of an utterance from one language.(Transfer of the meaning of an utterance from one language (source language, and one culture) to another language (source language, and one culture) to another (target language)) (“Translation, essentially, is the faithful (target language)) (“Translation, essentially, is the faithful representation in one language, of what is written in another representation in one language, of what is written in another language.” —— Ibid.)language.” —— Ibid.)

B B Two major kinds of interpretations: Consecutive Two major kinds of interpretations: Consecutive

Interpretation & Simultaneous InterpretationInterpretation & Simultaneous Interpretation

a a Consecutive InterpretationConsecutive Interpretation （（ 即席即席 // 连续翻译）连续翻译） : : In case In case the interpreter is under the instructions “to the interpreter is under the instructions “to interpret between interpret between chunks of the original speech (immediately after the original chunks of the original speech (immediately after the original speaker has completed a speaker has completed a few sentences or in most cases, a few sentences or in most cases, a fairly long paragraph), he is doing ‘consecutive interpretation’.”fairly long paragraph), he is doing ‘consecutive interpretation’.”

b b Simultaneous InterpretationSimultaneous Interpretation （（ 同 声 翻 译 ）同 声 翻 译 ） : : If he is If he is instructed to interpret while the original speech is instructed to interpret while the original speech is being made being made then he will be doing ‘Simultaneous Interpretation’. Compared then he will be doing ‘Simultaneous Interpretation’. Compared with the two said interpretations, Consecutive Interpretation is with the two said interpretations, Consecutive Interpretation is more convenient, economical and widely-used while more convenient, economical and widely-used while Simultaneous Interpretation is more often used for some formal, Simultaneous Interpretation is more often used for some formal, big, international conferences which big, international conferences which usually need a set of usually need a set of equipment to do the jobs.equipment to do the jobs.

Other minor types of interpretationsOther minor types of interpretations

OOn-sight/n-sight/AAt-sight/t-sight/SSight-Interpretationight-Interpretation （（ 视 译 ）视 译 ）similar to “Simultaneous Interpretation” in similar to “Simultaneous Interpretation” in approach basicallyapproach basically

WWhispering Interpretationhispering Interpretation —— to whisper into —— to whisper into the ear of one or two representatives.the ear of one or two representatives.

AAdvantages: dvantages:

a. Enjoy more freedom than the translator;a. Enjoy more freedom than the translator;

b. Concentrate on the sense of a message rather than b. Concentrate on the sense of a message rather than the words which convey it;the words which convey it;

c. Get helpful aids from the intonation, gesture and facial c. Get helpful aids from the intonation, gesture and facial expressions of the speaker, redundancies (non-verbal expressions of the speaker, redundancies (non-verbal language);language);

d. Occasionally ask the speaker to repeat a word, a d. Occasionally ask the speaker to repeat a word, a phrase or a sentence, or explain some points;phrase or a sentence, or explain some points;Require less precision than that of a translator’s.Require less precision than that of a translator’s.

3) 3) Typical Features of InterpretationTypical Features of Interpretation

a Stress:a Stress: i i Concentrated listening, absorbing Concentrated listening, absorbing information information

and reproducing it;and reproducing it; iiii Great demands on the interpreter ability to seize Great demands on the interpreter ability to seize

the essential meaning of a statement and to find the essential meaning of a statement and to find an appropriate rendering;an appropriate rendering;iiiiii Inadequate preparations. Inadequate preparations.

b Pressure:b Pressure:i i Verbal message of transient nature;Verbal message of transient nature;iiii Rapid analysis and synthesis; Rapid analysis and synthesis;iiiiii Immediate communication; Immediate communication;iviv Psychological pressure. Psychological pressure.

c Overall test of linguistic competence: SL & TLc Overall test of linguistic competence: SL & TLi i English & Chinese: Phonological, syntactic and English & Chinese: Phonological, syntactic and semantic difference between English & Chinese semantic difference between English & Chinese languages (figures, idioms, technical terms)languages (figures, idioms, technical terms)iiii Lack of general, cultural and background Lack of general, cultural and background

knowledgeknowledge

d Accent:d Accent: different speakers with varied accents. different speakers with varied accents.

DD

II

SS

AA

DD

VV

AA

NN

TT

AA

GG

EE

A summary of the features A summary of the features of interpreting compared with translation:of interpreting compared with translation:

1) The source is verbal in one case, written in the other.1) The source is verbal in one case, written in the other.

2) The style of text and their content differ.2) The style of text and their content differ.

3) The target group is known to the interpreter, unknown to the translator.3) The target group is known to the interpreter, unknown to the translator.

4) The interpreter is compelled by time pressure to be brief, to the point; a 4) The interpreter is compelled by time pressure to be brief, to the point; a translator may have a longer period of time.translator may have a longer period of time.

5) An interpreter has the function of immediate communication alone, whereas the 5) An interpreter has the function of immediate communication alone, whereas the product of a translator, once committed to paper, acquires permanence. product of a translator, once committed to paper, acquires permanence.

6) Conveying the message effectively in the written form relies on precision in 6) Conveying the message effectively in the written form relies on precision in terms of punctuation, syntax and choice of words, in spoken form, the message terms of punctuation, syntax and choice of words, in spoken form, the message can be conveyed with the help of intonation and paralinguistic features and can be conveyed with the help of intonation and paralinguistic features and therefore, such syntactic precision is not always so necessary.therefore, such syntactic precision is not always so necessary.

7) Interpreters tend to be expeditious and less thorough, whereas many 7) Interpreters tend to be expeditious and less thorough, whereas many translators are punctilious and perfectionists. translators are punctilious and perfectionists.

The interpretation process consists of three distinct parts: The interpretation process consists of three distinct parts: Understanding, Conversion/Transference and Delivery.Understanding, Conversion/Transference and Delivery.

a. Understanding:a. Understanding:ii Be able to hear it well.Be able to hear it well.ii ii Have an intimate knowledge of the language.Have an intimate knowledge of the language.iiiiii Be acquainted with the specific culture and linguistic Be acquainted with the specific culture and linguistic

peculiarities of the country of the speaker.peculiarities of the country of the speaker.iviv Well versed in the subject matterWell versed in the subject mattervv Possess a wide general educationPossess a wide general education

b. Conversion/Transference:b. Conversion/Transference: not translate literally but should express each idea as not translate literally but should express each idea as it would normally be expressed by a good public speaker in the target language.it would normally be expressed by a good public speaker in the target language.(Problems: proverbs, metaphors, allusions, jokes, and after-dinner stories, (Problems: proverbs, metaphors, allusions, jokes, and after-dinner stories, speakers’ mistakes, obscure and ambiguous statements, and long quotations speakers’ mistakes, obscure and ambiguous statements, and long quotations within improvised speech) within improvised speech)

c. c. Delivery:Delivery: The interpreter’s voice should carry well and be pleasant to hear. Be a The interpreter’s voice should carry well and be pleasant to hear. Be a good trained public orator and speak only his mother tongue wherever possible, good trained public orator and speak only his mother tongue wherever possible, style, intonation. Never pause or leave a sentence unfinished.style, intonation. Never pause or leave a sentence unfinished.

③ ③ The Process of Interpretation/Basic The Process of Interpretation/Basic Techniques of InterpretationTechniques of Interpretation

a) Listening/Listening-Transference (Active listening)a) Listening/Listening-Transference (Active listening)Listening is integrated with “analyzing, understanding, transference”Listening is integrated with “analyzing, understanding, transference”(Analyzing: the original speaker’s whole thought process”(Analyzing: the original speaker’s whole thought process”Understanding: the “context” Understanding: the “context” Transference: employ some specific: conversion, inversion, addition, Transference: employ some specific: conversion, inversion, addition, omission, negative, etc.)omission, negative, etc.)

b) Memory/Memory supplemented by Note-Takingb) Memory/Memory supplemented by Note-Taking(Absorb and retain in memory the gist of what the original speaker is (Absorb and retain in memory the gist of what the original speaker is saying. “Active Memory” Note-taking is an effective means to supplement, saying. “Active Memory” Note-taking is an effective means to supplement, memory efficiency so as to ensure accuracy in work.) Short-term & Long memory efficiency so as to ensure accuracy in work.) Short-term & Long termterm

c) Delivery/Speaking (Re-expression)c) Delivery/Speaking (Re-expression) (Consecutive interpretation gives the (Consecutive interpretation gives the interpreter a chance to marshal his thoughts and to approach the interpreter a chance to marshal his thoughts and to approach the interpretation in a logical way) interpretation in a logical way)

—— —— 钟述孔《实用口译手册》钟述孔《实用口译手册》 pp66-68pp66-68

Interpretation Process suggested by Interpretation Process suggested by 钟述钟述孔孔

Similar Opinions about Similar Opinions about

the Process of Consecutive Interpretationthe Process of Consecutive Interpretation

Consecutive interpretation can be broken down into 3 phases:Consecutive interpretation can be broken down into 3 phases:

AActive listeningctive listening

MMemorizing the cognitive contentemorizing the cognitive content

RRe-expressione-expressionoror

LListening and istening and UUnderstandingnderstanding

AAssimilationssimilation

RReformulation eformulation

Prerequisites for interpretation are basically four-fold:Prerequisites for interpretation are basically four-fold:

1) A strong sense of duty: 1) A strong sense of duty: First being conscientious —— conscientious in pre-conference preparations; First being conscientious —— conscientious in pre-conference preparations;

in following the original speaker and furnishing the best possible rendition; in in following the original speaker and furnishing the best possible rendition; in abiding by the “professional ethics and the relevant rules and regulations, etc.abiding by the “professional ethics and the relevant rules and regulations, etc.

Second being conscientious and persistent to improve his competence; the Second being conscientious and persistent to improve his competence; the training in interpretation is a never-ending process, that is, there is always training in interpretation is a never-ending process, that is, there is always something I could have done better.something I could have done better.

2) Linguistic proficiency:2) Linguistic proficiency:Linguistic proficiency means primarily a fairly good command of the languages Linguistic proficiency means primarily a fairly good command of the languages

involved and a good grasp of the cultures of the languages involved. Specifically, involved and a good grasp of the cultures of the languages involved. Specifically, it means interalia (among other things), acute hearing, large vocabulary, precision it means interalia (among other things), acute hearing, large vocabulary, precision and flexibility of expression, good articulation and elocution. Constant exposure and flexibility of expression, good articulation and elocution. Constant exposure to different variety of English spoken and written by native speakers and same is to different variety of English spoken and written by native speakers and same is true and necessary to various relevant publications in Chinese & English. true and necessary to various relevant publications in Chinese & English.

④ ④ Prerequisites of InterpretationPrerequisites of Interpretation

3) “3) “Encyclopedic knowledge”:Encyclopedic knowledge”:

““Encyclopedic knowledge”, though hardly possible in practice, is a goal Encyclopedic knowledge”, though hardly possible in practice, is a goal towards which the conscientious interpreter or translator should work towards which the conscientious interpreter or translator should work untiringly. The lack of knowledge of the subject matter can become a untiringly. The lack of knowledge of the subject matter can become a serious stumbling-block. An interpreter has to learn to acquire in serious stumbling-block. An interpreter has to learn to acquire in advance some basic knowledge of and basic terminology relevant to the advance some basic knowledge of and basic terminology relevant to the given or assigned tasks. Of course, the level of knowledge acquired or given or assigned tasks. Of course, the level of knowledge acquired or mastered by an interpreter can never equal that of the specialist in any mastered by an interpreter can never equal that of the specialist in any particular field. Yet a competent interpreter must have some knowledge particular field. Yet a competent interpreter must have some knowledge in all the multifarious fields with which he deals, and the level of that in all the multifarious fields with which he deals, and the level of that knowledge must be adequate for understanding. As a rule, an knowledge must be adequate for understanding. As a rule, an interpreter’s “extra linguistic inadequacy” always leads to obscure or interpreter’s “extra linguistic inadequacy” always leads to obscure or meaningless or even erroneous interpretation. Conversely, given the meaningless or even erroneous interpretation. Conversely, given the required “language proficiency”, the greater the interpreter’s knowledge required “language proficiency”, the greater the interpreter’s knowledge of the subject matter, the more readily understanding occurs, and the of the subject matter, the more readily understanding occurs, and the more accurate and intelligible his “output” in the target language. more accurate and intelligible his “output” in the target language.

4) Mastery of interpretation techniques:4) Mastery of interpretation techniques:

Mastery of interpretation techniques seems to be essential to Mastery of interpretation techniques seems to be essential to an interpreter. Not all those who have a good command of the an interpreter. Not all those who have a good command of the languages involved and have acquired a wide range and scope languages involved and have acquired a wide range and scope of general knowledge are necessarily good interpreters.of general knowledge are necessarily good interpreters.

In the case of C-E and E-C interpretation which involves two In the case of C-E and E-C interpretation which involves two well-developed languages that are carriers of two vastly different well-developed languages that are carriers of two vastly different cultures, “techniques” do play a helpful role. Most of the C-E and cultures, “techniques” do play a helpful role. Most of the C-E and E-C “translation techniques” are to a considerably great extent, E-C “translation techniques” are to a considerably great extent, applicable to “simultaneous interpretation and, to an even applicable to “simultaneous interpretation and, to an even greater extent, to “consecutive interpretation”. For instance, greater extent, to “consecutive interpretation”. For instance, subordination, diction, conversion, amplification, omission, subordination, diction, conversion, amplification, omission, negation, division.negation, division.

Interpreter’s mission: “The mission of the interpreter is to help Interpreter’s mission: “The mission of the interpreter is to help individuals and communities to acquire a fuller knowledge and deeper individuals and communities to acquire a fuller knowledge and deeper understanding of one another. Also to come to an agreement if they should understanding of one another. Also to come to an agreement if they should want to do so.” want to do so.”

by Jean Hebert by Jean Hebert from from The Interpreter’s Handbook: How to Become a Conference InterpreterThe Interpreter’s Handbook: How to Become a Conference Interpreter

In order to be a qualified interpreter one has to acquire a combination of In order to be a qualified interpreter one has to acquire a combination of some qualities: which can only be achieved through an arduous process of some qualities: which can only be achieved through an arduous process of intensive training and practice. These basic qualities include: intensive training and practice. These basic qualities include:

1)1) A strong sense of dutyA strong sense of duty

2) 2) A good command of the languages involvedA good command of the languages involved (both Source (both Source Language & Target Language)Language & Target Language)

3) 3) An encyclopedic knowledge/Jack of all tradesAn encyclopedic knowledge/Jack of all trades

⑤ ⑤ Basic Qualities Basic Qualities

Required for the InterpreterRequired for the Interpreter

4)4) Acute hearing: Understand & grasp the “idea”Acute hearing: Understand & grasp the “idea”

5)5) A good articulation:A good articulation: not to swallow part of the words; his voice not to swallow part of the words; his voice should carry well and be pleasant to hear, speak distinctively and naturally.should carry well and be pleasant to hear, speak distinctively and naturally.

6) 6) Familiarity with “simultaneous note-taking”:Familiarity with “simultaneous note-taking”: A good interpreter A good interpreter must be good at note-taking. He should learn to be able to concentrate on must be good at note-taking. He should learn to be able to concentrate on listening to grasp the speaker’s “idea” while jotting down a few “key listening to grasp the speaker’s “idea” while jotting down a few “key words” in the meantime, with signs or symbols to represent a sense group words” in the meantime, with signs or symbols to represent a sense group or a figure or a proper name.or a figure or a proper name.

7)7) A good memory: A good memory: ii Store up a large vocabulary including the relevant specialized Store up a large vocabulary including the relevant specialized

terms terms and a great wealth of “relevant important formulations” along with and a great wealth of “relevant important formulations” along with the the corresponding correct translation in the target language; corresponding correct translation in the target language;

iiii Accurately absorb and retain the idea or the series of ideas. Accurately absorb and retain the idea or the series of ideas.

8)8) Quick and accurate response:Quick and accurate response: speediness and accuracy speediness and accuracy

To sum up, the process of achieving the above basic qualities means, To sum up, the process of achieving the above basic qualities means, in essence, the process of the strengthening of one’s “basic training in essence, the process of the strengthening of one’s “basic training in the three essential aspects”, namely,in the three essential aspects”, namely,

1)1) the constant enhancement of one’s political awareness the constant enhancement of one’s political awareness and sense of duty;and sense of duty;2) 2) the constant improvement of one’s command of the the constant improvement of one’s command of the languages involved and languages involved and competence (as carriers of competence (as carriers of different different cultures, and in terms of the “skills” —— cultures, and in terms of the “skills” —— listening, speaking, listening, speaking, reading, writing, reading, writing, translation/interpretation); translation/interpretation); 3) 3) and, the constant broadening of one’s scope and range and, the constant broadening of one’s scope and range of of “general knowledge”“general knowledge”

———— 钟述孔钟述孔 《实用口译手册》《实用口译手册》Or Or

a)a) have complete mastery over his working languagehave complete mastery over his working language

b)b) possess broad general knowledgepossess broad general knowledge

c)c) have acquired necessary technical skillshave acquired necessary technical skills—— —— Danica SeleskovitchDanica Seleskovitch

  

““What a competent interpreter can and should do is to strive to What a competent interpreter can and should do is to strive to produce” the best possible transference and delivery” that is marked produce” the best possible transference and delivery” that is marked by the dialectical unity of accurate comprehension (of the original by the dialectical unity of accurate comprehension (of the original speaker’s idea) and smooth rendition appropriate to the occasion —— speaker’s idea) and smooth rendition appropriate to the occasion —— the dialectical unity of Accuracy and Smoothness.”the dialectical unity of Accuracy and Smoothness.”

———— 钟述孔 《实用口译手册》 钟述孔 《实用口译手册》

My own opinions on the good interpretation are below:My own opinions on the good interpretation are below:

1)1) AAccurateccurate (Accuracy) (Accuracy) 准确准确

2)2) FFluentluent (Fluency) (Fluency) 流利流利

3)3) CComplete omplete (Completeness) (Completeness) 完整完整

4)4) AAppropriateppropriate (Appropriateness/to the occasion) (Appropriateness/to the occasion) 得体得体

Compare with the standards of translation:Compare with the standards of translation:

Yan Fu:Yan Fu: Lu Xun:Lu Xun: FaithfulnessFaithfulness 信信 FaithfulnessFaithfulness 信信 ExpressivenessExpressiveness 达达 EleganceElegance 雅雅 SmoothnessSmoothness 顺 顺

⑥ ⑥ Criteria of Good InterpretationCriteria of Good Interpretation

““5 5 levels”:levels”:Frozen StyleFrozen StyleFormal StyleFormal Style

Consultative StyleConsultative StyleCasual StyleCasual Style

Intimate StyleIntimate Style

Evaluation Sheet (100 marks system)Evaluation Sheet (100 marks system)Items Assigned

Marks

1 Accuracy 352 Language 25

Grammar,Syntax and Diction

3 Completeness 204 Delivery 20

Voice, Articulation and Poise

Total: Signature of Board Member

(U.N.Joint Exam Board)