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A Comprehensive Approach to Energy Management for Hotels & Resorts
PRESENTED BY:
ROBERT GREENWALD, PEng, MBA May 18, 2011
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A Comprehensive Approach to Energy
Management
Continuous Improvement
33
Energy Management Technical Aspects
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A Technical Approach: The Seven Steps
3. UnderstandWhen
4. UnderstandWhere
6. MaximizeEfficiency
5. EliminateWaste
7. OptimizeSupply
Find the Savings
Opportunities
2. CompareYourself
1. UnderstandCosts
UnderstandPresentUsage
1. From the
point of
Purchase
2. To the point of
End-Use
3. And, back to
the point of
Purchase
(or supply)
Source: NRCan Dollars to $ense Workshop
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Step 1Understand Cost
• Electricity
– Demand ($/kW or KVA)
– Energy ($/kWh)
• Natural Gas
– Supply ($/m3 or $/GJ or lbs steam)
– Delivery ($/m3 or $/GJ)
• Contracted Daily Demand ($/m3/day)
• What is the incremental cost?
– The next unit used or saved
– How about Carbon Taxes, fees, HST…
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Step 2 Sector Benchmarks & Good/Best
Practices
Source: http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/commercial/m144-10-2003e.cfm?attr=16
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Step 3 Daily Interval ProfilesPeak Demand: 2107.9 kW on a 15 minute interval.
PF at Peak: 0%
When:
Integral of Overview Period Energy 1,052,289 kWh 26-Jun-07 to 26-Jul-07 Integral of Peak Week Energy 247,285 kWh 08-Jul-07 to 14-Jul-07
Integral of Peak Day Energy 40,202 kWh 09-Jul-07 Integral of 3 Days Energy 113,988 kWh 08-Jul-07 to 10-Jul-07
Demand Profiles for: ACUTE CARE
7/9/07 10:45 AM Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
3 Days - Around Peak Day
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Step 4 Understand Where Your Buildings
Use Energy
• Focus your efforts
• Establish a basis for savings calculations
Source: http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/commercial/m144-10-2003e.cfm?attr=16
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Step 5 Eliminate Energy Waste –
Match the Need
• Turn it off– Lights, fans, pumps, conveyors
– Compressed air leaks
– Steam traps
• Turn it down– Temperature, water & air flow
– Compressed air & steam pressure & flow
• Control it– Exhaust / make-up air balance
– Light levels
1010
Step 6 Maximize Efficiency
• Filters and lubrication
• Clean heat exchangers, pipes, ducts and coils
• Motor conditions
– voltage & cooling
• Combustion efficiencies
• Sequence compressors, pumps and fans
• Equipment replacement (boilers, chillers, rooftop units)
1111
Step 7 Optimize Energy Supply
• Heat recovery
• Renewable energy
– Solar PV
– Solar thermal
• On-site generation
• Revised supply contracts
1212
EMOs in Energy
Consuming
Systems
Establish Need
Eliminate Waste
Increase Efficiency
Optimize Supply
1313
Hotel Examples Waste, Efficiency and Supply
1414
Economizer Program for Tower Air
Handlers
• Situation: mechanical cooling when
opportunity for free cooling
• Measure: program to modulate the outside
and atrium air dampers
Cost Savings:
$4,000 / yr
1515
Chilled Water and Condenser Water
Supply Temperature Setpoint Reset
Cost Savings: $5,000 / yr
• Situation: Chilled water supply temperature
fixed at 5C, condenser water supply
temperature fixed at 26C.
• Measure: Chilled water system efficiency
improvements by raising chilled water
temperature (based on valve position), and
lowering condenser water temperature
(based on OAT).
1616
Water Side Economizer
• Situation: Hotel has a year-round requirement of
chilled water. Chiller operating inefficiently at low load
conditions.
• Measure: Install a plate-and-frame heat exchanger
to generate chilled water using the cooling tower in
the winter. Allows for chiller to be shut off. Energy
usage of cooling tower fans is far less than chiller.
1717
Pool Humidity Control
• Situation: fresh air brought in to control
humidity. Humidity sensor error, coupled
with low setpoint (45%) result in excessive
fresh air requirements.
• Measure: increase humidity setpoint to
60% and re-calibrate humidity sensor
Cost Savings: $6,200 / yr
1818
Install Pool Dehumidifier for Pool
Heating
• Situation: Humidity in pool air provides
opportunities to heat pool water
• Measure: Install pool dehumidifier (heat
pump recovering latent energy) to pre-heat
pool water, on facility roof due to space
constraints.
Cost Savings:
$11,400 / yr
1919
Reduce Run Hours of Slide Pump & Install VFD
• Situation: Pool water slide
pump operates continuously
and flow is excessive, requiring
throttling. Throttling at the outlet
is energy-inefficient. Throttling
at the inlet can damage the
pump (cavitation).
• Measure: Install occupancy
sensor and Variable Frequency
Drive
Cost Savings: $1,400 / yr
Occ. Sensor to
turn on pump
VFD runs at a
reduced speed
to match flow
requirements
2020
Integrate Room Booking System with
DDC
• Situation: 200 rooms conditioned
continuously to 18°C to 28°C setpoints.
• Measure: Put empty rooms in unoccupied
setback mode by integrating room booking
system with DDC
2121
Implement a Key Card Energy Control
System for Hotel Rooms
• Situation: Additional savings possible
through key card energy control system.
• Measure: Occupant insert key cards to
activate switch. Linked to the DDC system
and puts room into occupied mode.
2222
Banquet or Conference Hall Air
Handler Control Optimization
• Situation: Air handling systems have
demand control ventilation, but CO2 sensor
reads 2,000 ppm continuously, resulting in
100% fresh air brought in and heated/cooled.
Schedules also found to be excessively long.
• Measure: Re-calibrate CO2 sensor and trim
operating hours.
Cost Savings: $3,600 / yr
2323
Lighting: LED Lamp Replacement
• Hotel in Downtown Vancouver replaced lighting
with dimmable LED downlights for conference
and boardrooms and exterior lighting.
• A lamp and PAR lamp shapes
2424
Lighting: Chandelier Options
Relamped incandescent
flame shaped lamps with
dimmable 8W cold
cathode compact
fluorescent lamps
Relamped incandescent
lamps with dimmable
LED’s
2525
Lighting: Integrate Lighting Upgrades
into Replacement Schedule
• Measure: When larger lighting upgrade are
not possible, integrate lighting upgrades into
maintenance / replacement schedule.
• Replace:
• 400W HID with lower wattage
(330W) energy efficient lamp
• 50W MR16 with 37W
MR16 IR
2626
Lighting – Use LED Technologies in
Parkades and Parking lots
2727
Lethbridge Lodge
• Comparing compressor power consumption of
high efficiency vs. standard products.
• Results: Payback between 15 and 25 years
• The longer operating hours per year or
increase of electricity cost, the shorter will be
the payback for the incremental cost of $30K
2828
Saskatoon Radisson:
Roof-Top Unit Replacement
• Comparison of 5 ton rooftop units
• Landmark Series (SEER 13) vs.
Energence Series (SEER 17)
• Price difference $1,000
• Simple Payback 5 years (based on 15%
annual compressor operation time)
• Recommendation: Higher efficiency
SEER 17 unit
high
efficiency
condensing
boilers
2929
Cascadia Heating Plant Upgrade
→ Efficiency of the upgraded plant is expected
to be 20% higher, resulting in approx 2,500
GJ annual savings
DHW heaters Boilers
3030
Regina Inn: Life Cycle Costs
Analysis
• Three Retrofit Options for Variable Refrigerant
Flow (VRF) Systems
• VRF with ceiling mounted horizontal
concealed units
• VRF with wall mounted units
• PTAC in outside wall mounted units
3131
Energy Management Behavioural Aspects
3232
Employee Engagement Programs
People, not just technology, control, use and
save energy.
Employee engagement programs
about involving staff and
harnessing their abilities to reduce
energy . . . every day.
3333
Behaviours Change
• Select high impact and “easy to
target” behaviours first.
• Identify the target audience.
• Identify barriers and benefits for
each behaviour
• Use techniques / strategies to
address barriers
3434
Coast Hotels “Coast Saver” Program
• Each property created a small “e.team”
• Housekeeping and maintenance staff
• Competed to create and implement energy
saving initiatives
• Each initiative earned a credit
• Winners - $250 each and a pizza lunch
3535
BOMA Energy Training
• Addresses technology, behaviour and organizational
• Online training for building operations staff on energy
management
• Self-learning format
• Participants learn at their own pace and have access from
remote locations
• Designed for commercial buildings but transferrable to Health
Care Sector.
www.bomalearning.com
3636
The Topics
www.bomalearning.com
3737
Animation and Graphics
www.bomalearning.com
3838
Interactive Activities
www.bomalearning.com
3939
Energy Management Organizational Aspects
4040
Leadership
Demonstrated
Corporate Commitment
UnderstandingEnergy Performance and
Savings Opportunities
PlanningTargets, KPI’s
Plans
PeopleAccountabilit ies
Awareness & training
Resourcing
Financial
Management
Supply
Management
Operations &
MaintenanceOperating procedures
Maintenance
Plant &
Equipment
Monitoring &
Reporting
Achievement
Existing design
New Plant Design/selection
Innovation & new technology
Metering and monitoring
Reporting & Control
Documentation & records
Purchasing Procedures
Quality and Reliabi li ty
Load Management
Capital Expenditure
Operating Budgets
Leadership
Demonstrated
Corporate Commitment
UnderstandingEnergy Performance and
Savings Opportunities
PlanningTargets, KPI’s
Plans
PeopleAccountabilit ies
Awareness & training
Resourcing
Financial
Management
Supply
Management
Operations &
MaintenanceOperating procedures
Maintenance
Plant &
Equipment
Monitoring &
Reporting
Achievement
Existing design
New Plant Design/selection
Innovation & new technology
Metering and monitoring
Reporting & Control
Documentation & records
Purchasing Procedures
Quality and Reliabi li ty
Load Management
Capital Expenditure
Operating Budgets
Leadership
Demonstrated
Corporate Commitment
UnderstandingEnergy Performance and
Savings Opportunities
PlanningTargets, KPI’s
Plans
PeopleAccountabilit ies
Awareness & training
Resourcing
Financial
Management
Supply
Management
Operations &
MaintenanceOperating procedures
Maintenance
Financial
Management
Supply
Management
Operations &
MaintenanceOperating procedures
Maintenance
Plant &
Equipment
Monitoring &
Reporting
Plant &
Equipment
Monitoring &
Reporting
Achievement
Existing design
New Plant Design/selection
Innovation & new technology
Metering and monitoring
Reporting & Control
Documentation & records
Purchasing Procedures
Quality and Reliabi li ty
Load Management
Capital Expenditure
Operating Budgets
Source: Hatch Consulting: An Overview of One-2-Five Energy Diagnostic and Benchmarking Tool
Organizational Characteristics
4141
ANSI/MSE 2000:2008
Management System for Energy
Source: tp://innovate.gatech.edu/Default.aspx?tabid=2005
4242
Continuous Improvement
4343
Continuous Improvement for Energy
Measure
Analyze
Take Action
Data
Information
Result
4444
4545
PUMA Dashboard
4646
PUMA Meter History and Cost
4747
Targeting a Level of Energy Use &
Measuring Savings
4848
Resources
4949
Costs of Operating Equipment
Do-It-Yourself using RETScreen® v4
Download from www.retscreen.net
5050
Energy Savings Toolbox
• Overview of
Energy Auditing
• Energy Analysis
Methods
• Technical
Supplements
Guide for Self Assessments and Energy Audits
http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/infosource/pub/
cipec/energy-audit-manual-and-tool.pdf
51
Technical Web Resources
Natural Resources Canada
www.oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications
US Dept of Energy
http://www.energy.gov/
UK Gov’t Carbon Trust
www.carbontrust.co.uk
Energy Star
http://www.energystar.gov/
5252
Our Firm
Energy management
consulting services to
address technical,
behavioural and
organizational aspects
We design and implement cost effective approaches to address
comfort, efficiency and reliability.
650 energy audits in over 1000 buildings, which is equal to 73 million
square feet of building area audited and 9,000 energy accounts analyzed.
Identified $22 million dollars in annual energy savings equivalent to
taking 18,000 cars off the road every year.
53
Thank You!
Find this presentation here:
http://prismengineering.com/resources/presentations
Robert Greenwald, P.Eng., MBA, President
320 - 3605 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4X5
604.205.5500
[email protected] www.prismengineering.com