a centre of expertise in digital information management realising the potential of web 2.0 brian...
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A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
Realising The Potential of Web 2.0Brian Kelly, UKOLNUniversity of BathBath, UK, BA2 7AY
UKOLN is supported by:
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/conferences/nordlib2.0-2008/http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/conferences/nordlib2.0-2008/
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Acceptable Use PolicyRecording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised.
Acceptable Use PolicyRecording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised.
[email protected]://twitter.com/briankellyBlog sitehttp://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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About Me
Brian Kelly:• National Web adviser to UK Universities and
cultural heritage organisations• Based at UKOLN, a national centre of expertise
in digital information management and located at the University of Bath
• Involved in Web since January 1993• Current Information World Review’s
Information Professional of the Year• Over 300 presentations given since 1997• Current area of interest include Web 2.0, Web
standards and Web accessibility
Introduction
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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Using Tools I Talk About Work activities use Web 2.0 technologies & approaches:
• RSS feeds for structured information
• Geo-location data• Exploitation of 3rd
party services• Openness of
resources• Risk assessment /
management approaches
Introduction
Talks given Jan-Sept 2008
Note also use of blogs, video blogs, YouTube,Twitter, …Note also use of blogs, video blogs, YouTube,Twitter, …
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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About This Talk
This talk:• Provides a brief summary of Web 2.0 and Library
2.0, with some examples of its use• Describes barriers to the successful deployment of
Library 2.0• Looks at ways of overcoming such barriers
Acknowledging the barriers Risk assessment and risk management Staff development, new media literacy, … Embracing diversity Cultural change …
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Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005
Characteristics Of Web 2.0
• Network as platform• Always beta• Clean URIs• Remix and mash-ups
Syndication (RSS)• Architecture of participation
Blogs & Wikis Social networking Social tagging
(folksonomies)• Trust and openness
Characteristics Of Web 2.0
• Network as platform• Always beta• Clean URIs• Remix and mash-ups
Syndication (RSS)• Architecture of participation
Blogs & Wikis Social networking Social tagging
(folksonomies)• Trust and openness
Web 2.0
What Is Web 2.0?
Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology”
Web
2.0
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Academic Library Example
University of Wolverhampton provide 5 blogs to support academic departments
An Electronic Resources Newsletter is driven by blog software. The information is available via:
• RSS• Email
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Academic Library Example
A Facebook page provides:
• Brief factual information
• Links to key resources on main Web site
• Dynamic content embedded via RSS
• Calendar information embedded via Google calendar
• Ability for users to become ‘fans’
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Academic Library Example
Google calendar is used:
• For key library events
• To allow event details to be embedded in a variety of sites, including pages on institutional Web site
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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Academic Library Example
A Facebook page provides:
• Brief factual information
• Links to key resources on main Web site
• Dynamic content embedded via RSS
• Calendar information embedded via Google calendar
• Ability for users to become ‘fans’
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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National Library ExampleNational Library of Wales “Shaping the future: The Library’s strategy 2008-2009 to 2010-2011”:
“We propose taking advantage of new online technology, including …Web 2.0 services …It is expected that the Library itself will provide only some specific services on its website. Instead, the intention is to promote and facilitate the use of the collections by external users, in accordance with specific guidelines.”
Example of use of Web 2.0 services embedded within a Welsh Assembly Government funded project
Example of use of Web 2.0 services embedded within a Welsh Assembly Government funded project
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Research Library ExampleNRC-CISTI (National Research Council of Canada and Canada’s National Science Library & Publisher) is engaging with Web 2.0’s opportunities:
• Use of wikis to support collaboration by staff / researchers
• Use of SOA approaches to integrate services
• Popularity of Facebook in Canadian universities
and challenges:• Privacy laws (similar to EU)• Multi-lingual issues• Popularity of Facebook in
Canadian universities
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Benefits of Library 2.0
Delivery Mechanisms (“network as platform”):• Global outreach: maximise impact of and
engagement with ideas• Outsourced services: allowing organisations to
focus on their strengths and small institutions to engage on more equal terms
• Exploits infrastructure: the standards (e,g. RSS) & services (Google, Amazon, ..) now in place
User Benefits:• User can create content• Can comment on other’s content• Users no longer passive consumers of content
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We’re Doing Well!We are:
• Optimistic• Positive (“Yes we can!)• Instrumental in facilitating
change for goodBut:
• What if we’re wrong?• What if Web 2.0 isn’t
sustainable?• What if we’re promoting
privatisation, without safeguards?• What is Web 2.0 turns out to be the sub-prime
mortgage market of the digital world?
Aren’t We?
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Takeup Of New TechnologiesThe Gartner curve
Developers
Rising expectations
Trough of despair
Service plateau
Enterprise softwareLarge budgets…
ChasmFailure to go beyond developers & early adopters (cf Gopher)Need for:
• Advocacy• Listening to users• Addressing concerns• Deployment strategies• …
This talk now looks at approaches for avoiding the chasm and shaping the curve
This talk now looks at approaches for avoiding the chasm and shaping the curve
Early adopters
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Supporting Early Adopters
Twitter example:• Blog ideas
Encourage feedback
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Supporting Early Adopters
Twitter example:• Blog ideas• Encourage
feedback
Then:• Write
briefing papers
• Training
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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Supporting Early Adopters
Remember • Many will be
willing to try new ideas
• Trust helps
Also:• It may not
be for them
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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Supporting Early Adopters
Remember • Many will be
willing to try new ideas
• Trust helps
Also:• It may not be
for them• But over time
they may see benefits
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Evidence of Perceived Barriers
Series of Web 2.0 workshops for UK cultural heritage organisations is providing evidence of the barriers to effective use of Web 2.0 services
Series of Web 2.0 workshops for UK cultural heritage organisations is providing evidence of the barriers to effective use of Web 2.0 services
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The Barriers
Barriers
Sustainability of services
Data lock-in
Data protection, privacy, …
Lack of expertise
Lack of interest: colleagues
Costs
Accessibility
Difficulties in selection
Inappropriate content
Does it deliver expected benefits?
Lack of interest: users
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The Barriers Are Real!
Personal example using Squirl.info:
• A record of books I’ve read (data gathered from Amazon)
• Amazon interface broke in Feb 2008
• But there is an export function …
• … which is broken
• Others have complainedMy data was exportable via RSS but (a) how usable
is this and (b) how obvious is this solution?
My data was exportable via RSS but (a) how usable is this and (b) how obvious is this solution?
Barriers
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
Exercise For The AudienceSpotted today
Pageflakes introduces obtrusive and inappropriate adverts
Posted by Karen Blakeman on November 20th, 2008
Today and without advance warning Pageflakes installed advertisements on all of its members’ pages. There had been reports of ads appearing on new users’ pages but it was not until today that they were imposed on all existing users.
The ads are garish, often irrelevant to the content of the page, sometimes ‘inappropriate’ and always fixed. They appear in the top right hand corner of the page. …
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How would you respond to such concerns.You are allow to Twitter, talk to colleagues, use Google, ask remote audience, …Tell me the answer(s) at end of talk)
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23
Sustainability of the Services
“Network as the platform”:• Great when it works
But:• Reliance on 3rd party companies with no
negotiated contracts• Uncertainties over reliability, performance and
long term sustainability• It’s not just the small companies, either:
Twitter Slideshare (Amazon dependencies) Google apps (e.g. GMail) Skype (when large MS updates released)
Barriers
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Privacy, Data Protection, …
Digital cameras, mobile photos, camcorders, … are increasing volume of photos / videos being taken and being published online.
But what about issues such as:
• Privacy• Data protection• Confidentiality• …
Barriers
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Lack of Expertise & ResourcesBarriers
Further feedback on barriers (and possible solutions) has been obtained from workshops for cultural heritage organisations:
• Lack of in-house expertise• Lack of support from
management
Further feedback on barriers (and possible solutions) has been obtained from workshops for cultural heritage organisations:
• Lack of in-house expertise• Lack of support from
management
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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Inappropriate Content
Inappropriate content might include:
• Spam comments on blogs
• Pornography• Misleading
information• Illegal content• …
Barriers
Over 250,000 spam comments submitted to the UK Web focus blog from Nov 2006 – June 2008
Over 250,000 spam comments submitted to the UK Web focus blog from Nov 2006 – June 2008
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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Beware The IT Fundamentalists
We need to avoid simplistic solutions to the complexities:
• Open Standards Fundamentalist: we just need XML
• Open Source Fundamentalist: we just need Linux
• Vendor Fundamentalist: we must use next version of our enterprise system (and you must fit in with this)
• Accessibility Fundamentalist: we must do WAI WCAG 1.0
• User Fundamentalist: must do whatever users want
• Legal Fundamentalist: it breaches copyright, …
• Ownership Fundamentalist: must own everything we use
• Perfectionist: It doesn't do everything, so we'll do nothing
• Simplistic Developer: I've developed a perfect solution – I don't care if it doesn't run in the real world
• Web 2.0: It’s new; its cool!
Barriers
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The Librarian FundamentalistsLibrarians:
• Think they know better than the user e.g. they don't like people using Google Scholar; they should use Web of Knowledge (who cares that users find it easier to use Google Scholar & finds references they need that way?)
• Think that users should be forced to learn Boolean searching & other formal search techniques because this is good for them (despite Sheffield's study).
• Don't want the users to search for themselves (cf folksonomies) because they won't get it right.
• They still want to classify the entire Web - despite the fact that users don't use their lists of Web links.
• Want services to be perfect before they release them to users. They are uneasy with the concept of 'forever beta' (they don't believe that users have the ability to figure things out themselves and work around the bugs).
Barriers
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Accessibility Barriers
Accessibility of public sector Web sites:• In 2002, the European Parliament set the
minimum level of accessibility for all public sector websites at Level Double-A.
• Riga eInclusion Declaration agreed to promote inclusive e-government by 'ensuring accessibility of all public Web sites by 2010, through compliance with the relevant W3C common web accessibility standards and guidelines'.
But don’t many Web 2.0 services infringe WCAG 1.0 guidelines with, e.g., dependencies on AJAX technologies.
But don’t many Web 2.0 services infringe WCAG 1.0 guidelines with, e.g., dependencies on AJAX technologies.
Barriers
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Addressing Barriers
How do we address such barriers:• Ignore them and take risks• Refuse to engage with Web 2.0
Possible Solutions
Or adopt a balanced approach: Assess and manage risks Staff development New media literacy / Transliteracy Evidence-based policy-making Clarification of purposes of services Re-interpretation Sharing solutions Clarification of responsibilities
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Interoperability Issues
What happens if Social Web services host your data and:• You can’t get the data back out?• You only get the unstructured or poor quality data
back out?• You can’t get the comments, annotations, tags out?
There’s a need to:• Ensure data export capabilities or• Upload data from an alternative managed sources• Understand limitations of data export / import and
make plans around limitations• Perhaps accept limitations
Possible Solutions
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www.ukoln.ac.uk
32
Sustainability Concerns …
What happens if Social Web and Library 2.0 services:• Are unreliable?• Change their terms and conditions (e.g. start
charging)?• Become bankrupt
Possible Solutions
Things to remember:• Services may be unreliable e.g. Twitter• Market pressure is leading to changes to T&C – &
paid-for services may become free (e.g. Friends Reunited)
• Banks may go bankrupt too – but we still use them• Need for risk assessment and risk management• What if this doesn’t happen?
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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.. In Troubled Economic TimesWhat if the worst case scenarios occur?
• Externally-hosted Web 2.0 providers: What if the services provided by Google, Yahoo, etc. prove uneconomic and the services are shut down or the terms and conditions changed, with perhaps free-to-use services becoming subscription services?
• Our information providers: What if the services provided by individuals within our institution, who use Slideshare, Flickr, del.icio.us, etc. aren’t sustainable because the individuals may face redundancy, early retirement, etc.?
• Our institutions: What if the economic downturn affects the sustainability of the IT services provided within our institutions?
• Our national services: What if the national services provided for our communities are similarly adversely affected, with users preferring the services provided by the global services?
• Our funding organisations: What if our funding bodies have less funds available, and are forced to stop or reduce the level of funding provided to national or institutional services?
• Our user communities: What if our users expectations or interests change?
Web 2.0 In Troubled Economic Times, UK Web Focus blog, 24 Sept 2008
Web 2.0 In Troubled Economic Times, UK Web Focus blog, 24 Sept 2008
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Managing Expectations
IAVE (International Association of Volunteer Effort) was “founded in 1970 by people who saw volunteering as a means to make connections across cultures”
But the IAVE Social network:
• Only has 4 members
• And no discussions
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
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35
Support Issues
I don’t have the time to:• Understand it all• Use the technologies• Embed technologies in
daily working practices• Train my colleagues
Common Craft video clipsCommon Craft video clips
You can:• View them at work• Listen to the podcast on
the Tube• Use them in training
Possible Solutions
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36
Maintaining Blog Enthusiasm
Had a blog for a while and lost your enthusiasm?
Worried that you won’t have anything interesting to write about?
The comments on the content of the blog were very pleasing for me:
• Invariably relevant and thought provoking. Informed opinion that is not opinionated.
• Entries and variety very interesting. • Excellent, I can’t remember reading
anything that I thought was a waste of my time.
• Informative and thought-provoking — it’s good to read a blog about ‘web 2.0′ that manages to raise interesting questions rather than being dogmatic about the ‘right’ way to do things.
• marvellous - timely, detailed, open, and invitingly humble!
The comments on the content of the blog were very pleasing for me:
• Invariably relevant and thought provoking. Informed opinion that is not opinionated.
• Entries and variety very interesting. • Excellent, I can’t remember reading
anything that I thought was a waste of my time.
• Informative and thought-provoking — it’s good to read a blog about ‘web 2.0′ that manages to raise interesting questions rather than being dogmatic about the ‘right’ way to do things.
• marvellous - timely, detailed, open, and invitingly humble!
Have an online survey to solicit feedback – the feedback may reinvigorate you
Have an online survey to solicit feedback – the feedback may reinvigorate you
You are not alone – there are many resources which provide advice on topics to blog about
You are not alone – there are many resources which provide advice on topics to blog about
But perhaps blogging isn’t for you – not everybody has to blog, as I have discussed on my Seesmic video blog
Possible Solutions
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37
Deployment Strategies
I want to do use the Social Web but:
• The IT Services department bans it
• The council bans it• My boss doesn’t approve
Area of interest to UKOLN:• “Just do it”• Subversive approach –
‘Friends of Foo’ if Foo can’t use it
• Encourage enthusiasts• Don’t get in the way
UKOLN briefing papers available (with CC licence). More to be released shortly.
UKOLN briefing papers available (with CC licence). More to be released shortly.
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
38
IWMW 2006 & Risk Management Since IWMW 2006 we’ve taken a risk management approach to its evaluation of Web 2.0 technologies:
• Agreements: e.g. in the case of the Chatbot.• Use of well-established services: Google &
del.icio.us are well-established and have financial security.
• Notification: warnings that services could be lost. • Engagement: with the user community: users actively
engage in the evaluation of the services. • Provision of alternative services: multiple OMPL
tools. • Use in non-mission critical areas: not for bookings! • Long term experiences of services: usage stats• Availability of alternative sources of data: e.g.
standard Web server log files.• Data export and aggregation: RSS feeds, aggregated
in Suprglu, OPML viewers, etc.
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
39
Inappropriate Content (1)Is the solution to inappropriate content:
• Development of safe walled gardens?• Education• Engagement with content providers• Development of more sophisticated tools
Note this is nothing new:• Pornography & the printing press• Pornography & the camera/movie• Pornography & satellite TV• …
Any new technology will be exploited in such ways
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
Inappropriate Content (2)
Spotted in The Nordiska museum yesterday
Cf Victorian approach to statues of males, covering up of piano legs!
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Digizen ProjectChildnet International sponsors the Digizen project:
“Digizen recognises that the Internet provides a social space for people to communicate, collaborate, and create but acknowledges that there are risks as well as opportunities. The approach which has been taken is to argue that simply blocking certain sites or outlawing particular behaviours are not in themselves guarantees of safety. Online communities have to take responsibility in negotiating acceptable behaviour and ensuring that everybody's experience is a positive one.”
Library 2.0: Balancing the Risks and Benefits to Maximise the Dividends Kelly, B, Bevan, P, Alcock, J. and Fraser, J. Bridging Worlds 2008 conference, Singapore, Oct 2008
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Inappropriate Content
Pinky and Perky:• Banned from
the BBC in 1964
• Have things really changed?
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43
New Media LiteracyInformation Literacy:
• Can the library users assess and use the information they find using well-established retrieval tools
New Media Literacy / Transliteracy:• Can the library users assess and use the
information they find using a diversity of tools• Are the users aware of the ethical aspects
covering creation, use and reuse of content (copyright, plagiarism, …)
• Users covers senior managers and policy makers & not just conventional library visitors, students, …
Possible Solutions
Shouldn’t libraries be taking a leading role in developing and implementing new media literacy strategies
Shouldn’t libraries be taking a leading role in developing and implementing new media literacy strategies
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
44
Re-interpreting AccessibilityWeb 2.0 services may not comply with WCAG 1.0 accessibility guidelines:
• But many Web 1.0 sites fail to comply too• The guidelines themselves are flawed
We can:• Make use of WCAG 2.0 guidelines (much better)• Seek to address the accessibility of the purposes
of the digital services, rather than the digital resources themselves: Blended accessibility for blended learning Holistic accessibility See papers of Accessibility 2.0, Holistic
Accessibility, …
Possible Solutions
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45
Re-interpreting Preservation
The JISC-funded PoWR project sought to engage with the preservation implications in a Web 2.0 environment
The project has used blogs and wikis to support its work
Possible Solutions
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Is Web 2.0 Different?
Implications of Web 2.0 for Web site preservation:• Use of 3rd party services (‘network as platform’)• Content collaboration and communication• Richer diversity of services (not just a file on a
filestore/CMS/database)• More complex IPR issues
Let’s look at:• Case study 1 - Wikis• Case study 2 – Blogs• Case study 3 – Reusing data• Case study 4 – Disposable data• Case study 5 – Slideshare
Web
2.0
Possible Solutions
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47
Case Study 1: A Public WikiWetPaint wiki used to support various workshopsApproaches taken:
• Open access to all prior to & during event (to minimise barriers to creating content)
• Access restricted to WetPaint users after event
• Access later restricted to event organisers
Web
2.0
Many aspects of Web site curation are to do with implementing such best practices, rather than implementing technical solutions
Many aspects of Web site curation are to do with implementing such best practices, rather than implementing technical solutions
See JISC PoWR blog post
Possible Solutions
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Case Study 2a: Blog Migration
How might you migrate the contents of a blog (e.g. you’re leaving college)?
This question was raised by Casey Leaver, shortly before leaving Warwick University
Web
2.0
Possible Solutions
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Web
2.0 Case Study 2a: Blog Migration
She migrated her blog from blogs at Warwick Univ to Wordpress
Note, though, that not all data was transferred (e.g. title, but not contents) so there’s a need to check transfer mechanisms
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
50
Case Study 2b: The Individual’s Blog (1)
Auricle blog:• Launched Jan 2004
by head of e-learning team, Bath
• High profile & public visibility by early adopter & evangelist
Today:• It’s gone• Lost after
evangelist left, new staff arrive, new priorities, …
Possible Solutions
A centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
51
Case Study 2b: The Individual’s Blog (2)
Auricle reborn:• Further Google
revealed the blog has been reborn
• New domain (www.auricle.org/)
• New engine (Wordpress) & look and feel (but old engine still available)
• New content being added
• Old content still accessible
Preservation is helped by:• Continued access• Motivated & skilled
owners
Possible Solutions
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52
Case Study 3: Reusing DataBlog post in Facebook. Possible concerns:
• It’s not sustainable
• You’ve given ownership to Facebook
Web
2.0
Response:• The post is managed in
WordPress; Fb displays copy (to new audience)
• Fb don’t claim ownership – they claim rights to make money
It’s not the service, it’s how you use the service
Possible Solutions
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53
Case Study 4: Disposable Data
Twitter – example of a micro-blogging application
Facebook status messages is another related example
Web
2.0
Issues:• Will Twitter be sustain-
able over a long period?• What will happen to the
data?• What about the IPR for
‘tweets’?• What about institutional
uses?
Possible Solutions
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54
Case Study 4: Disposable DataW
eb 2
.0
Many twitterers regard their tweets as disposalI tend to use Twitter as a ‘virtual water cooler’ – sharing gossip, jokes and occasional work-related information with (mainly) people I know
And I exploited Twitter’s free delivery of SMS messages when it was available in the UK
You could make use of clients which manage your tweets (e.g. treat like email)
But you should develop your policies first, prior to exploring technologies
Possible Solutions
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55
Web
2.0 Case Study 4: Disposable Data
Skype (or your preferred VoIP application) are growing in popularity
Issues:• Is the digital data (the call)
preserved?• What about the video and
the IM chats?
Possible responses:• Am I bovvered?• I didn’t bother with
analogue phones, why should I worry now?
Possible Solutions
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56
Case Study 5: Slideshare
What happens to your slides if Slideshare disappears?Recommended approach:
• Master copy held on managed environment• Info on master on title slide and metadata• CC licence & download available – many copies
Possible Solutions
benefits
management
KEY
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57
The Amplified ConferenceAmplified conferences provide opportunities to explore risk assessment / management approaches:
• Sharing slides (in advance): will people listen?• Live broadcasting: who is listening; should I be
cautious?• Recordings of audio / video: what if I look
terrible; sound terrible; make mistakes?• The back channel: what if people ask difficult
questions; irrelevant questions; …?• Talking (and sharing) photos: what about
privacy; data protection; …?• How’s it funded? There are cost implications • Problems: What if things go wrong? Things can
go wrong!“Using Networked Technologies To Support Conferences”, Kelly, Shabajee and Tonkin, EUNIS 2005 proposed an AUP framework
“Using Networked Technologies To Support Conferences”, Kelly, Shabajee and Tonkin, EUNIS 2005 proposed an AUP framework
Possible Solutions
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58
Applying Risks Generally
Web 2.0• May fail (and some
have failed)• May be mission critical
Therefore:• We shouldn’t use• We should develop /
deploy services within the organisation
• Then we’ll be safe
Banks (1.0)• May fail (and some
have failed)• Are mission critical
Therefore:• We shouldn’t use• We should manage our
money ourselves • Then we’ll be safe
There are risks in just doing things in-house:Risks of lagging behind; risks in changes to in-house resources & priorities; risks imposed by external funders; risks in lack of interest by our users; risks that staff will leave; …
There are risks in just doing things in-house:Risks of lagging behind; risks in changes to in-house resources & priorities; risks imposed by external funders; risks in lack of interest by our users; risks that staff will leave; …
Possible Solutions
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But Who Takes the Risks?
We’ve done risk-taking previously e.g. assessing OPAC, VLE, CMS vendors; assessing open source software; ...
But now:• No formal contractual agreements• Services registered by individuals
Possible strategies:• Top-down approach: services must be approved• Laissez faire approach: anything goes• Flexible approaches:
Blog author should make mangers aware (cf BBC) Departmental risk audits of use of 3rd party services Sharing of risks
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What If We’re Wrong?I asked “what if we’re wrong?” But perhaps:
• Even if we’re wrong we’re right: We can’t undo things and revert to a previous world
• We can be right and wrong: It’s not just a simple Web 1.0 vs. Web 2.0 argument.
• Even if we’re right we’re wrong: Change can be a threat - arguments for the status quo will be made
• What if we’re right: We are willing to consider the implications of being wrong. Are the sceptics?
Possible Solutions
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Conclusions
To conclude:• Web 2.0 and Library 2.0 can deliver tangible
benefits• We need to continue to promote the benefits• But there are risks• And there are risks in doing nothing or sticking
with existing approaches• The risks need to be assessed• The risks need to be managed• Sharing the risk assessment and risk management
strategies fits in with the Web 2.0 philosophy
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Questions
Any questions