a caregivers guide - canadian virtual hospice · a caregivers guide cooking for palliative care and...

A Caregivers Guide

Cooking for Palliative Care and the Family

References• ThePalliumPocketbook(July2013),PalliumCanada• TheWayForwardIntegrationInitiative,ThePalliativeApproach:ImprovingCareforCanadianswith

Life-limitingIllnesses,www.hpcintegration.ca/media/38753/TWF-palliative-approach-report-English-

SupportResources•CanadianVirtualHospiceatwww.virtualhospice.ca•CaregiverExchangeatwww.caregiverexchange.ca•CarersCanadaatwww.carerscanada.ca•OntarioCaregiverCoalitionatwww.ontariocaregiverscoalition.ca•Canada’sCompassionateCareBenefitsatwww.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/ei/types/compassionate_care.html•Patient-FamilyHandbook•https://web.cshospice.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Patient-Family-Handbook_1216-web-Copy.pdf•Gluten-FreeCertificationProgramwww.glutenfreecert.com/•CanadianCeliacAssociation:HomePagehttps://www.celiac.ca/•TheCeliacScene:Gluten-FreeRestaurants,Stores&Newshttps://theceliacscene.com/•DiabetesCanadahttps://www.diabetes.ca/•DiabeticLivinghttp://www.diabeticlivingonline.com/diabetic-recipes•Recipes-DiabetesCanadahttp://www.diabetes.ca/diabetes-and-you/recipes•VeganandVegetarianRecipes-TorontoVegetarianAssociationhttp://veg.ca/eat-veg/vegetarian-recipes/•VeganRecipes-CanadianLivinghttp://www.canadianliving.com/food/subsection/collections•ProteinVegetarianMeals-FoodNetworkCanadawww.foodnetwork.ca/healthy-eating/photos/high-protein-vegetarian-meals/

Theinformationcontainedwithinthisbookisnotintendedto diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease, illness orcondition. The information provided herein should notbe construed as personal medical advice or instruction.No action should be taken solely based on the contentsof this book. It is for informationalpurposes only and isnot a substitute for advice from your physician or otherhealthcareprofessionals.

Readerswhofailtoconsultappropriatehealthauthoritiesassume the risk of any injuries. The authors orcontributorsshallnotbeheldliableorresponsibleforanymisunderstandingormisuseof thematerialorforanyloss,damage,orinjurycausedorallegedtobecauseddirectlyorindirectlybyany treatment,action,orapplicationof anyfoodorfoodsourcediscussedinthisbook.Pleasevisithospiceniagara.catodownloadapdf versionof thisbook.

Contents

Forward 567

101112131415161718192022

AcknowledgementsIntroductionRecipes:

Caregiver TipsReferences

LemonandCranberryBreakfastCookie

SausageandBroccoliFrittata

PotatoandCornChowder

Beef andBarleyStew

ChickenandDumplingStew

ChickenEnchiladas

Meatloaf MeatballsandNoodles

Beef andBroccoliStirFry

ThreeCheeseMacaroniandCheese

CreamyPolentaPie

PeanutButterProteinBites

HoneyLemonLoaf

References• ThePalliumPocketbook(July2013),PalliumCanada• TheWayForwardIntegrationInitiative,ThePalliativeApproach:ImprovingCareforCanadianswith

Life-limitingIllnesses,www.hpcintegration.ca/media/38753/TWF-palliative-approach-report-English-

SupportResources•CanadianVirtualHospiceatwww.virtualhospice.ca•CaregiverExchangeatwww.caregiverexchange.ca•CarersCanadaatwww.carerscanada.ca•OntarioCaregiverCoalitionatwww.ontariocaregiverscoalition.ca•Canada’sCompassionateCareBenefitsatwww.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/ei/types/compassionate_care.html•Patient-FamilyHandbook•https://web.cshospice.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Patient-Family-Handbook_1216-web-Copy.pdf•Gluten-FreeCertificationProgramwww.glutenfreecert.com/•CanadianCeliacAssociation:HomePagehttps://www.celiac.ca/•TheCeliacScene:Gluten-FreeRestaurants,Stores&Newshttps://theceliacscene.com/•DiabetesCanadahttps://www.diabetes.ca/•DiabeticLivinghttp://www.diabeticlivingonline.com/diabetic-recipes•Recipes-DiabetesCanadahttp://www.diabetes.ca/diabetes-and-you/recipes•VeganandVegetarianRecipes-TorontoVegetarianAssociationhttp://veg.ca/eat-veg/vegetarian-recipes/•VeganRecipes-CanadianLivinghttp://www.canadianliving.com/food/subsection/collections•ProteinVegetarianMeals-FoodNetworkCanadawww.foodnetwork.ca/healthy-eating/photos/high-protein-vegetarian-meals/

Theinformationcontainedwithinthisbookisnotintendedto diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease, illness orcondition. The information provided herein should notbe construed as personal medical advice or instruction.No action should be taken solely based on the contentsof this book. It is for informationalpurposes only and isnot a substitute for advice from your physician or otherhealthcareprofessionals.

Readerswhofailtoconsultappropriatehealthauthoritiesassume the risk of any injuries. The authors orcontributorsshallnotbeheldliableorresponsibleforanymisunderstandingormisuseof thematerialorforanyloss,damage,orinjurycausedorallegedtobecauseddirectlyorindirectlybyany treatment,action,orapplicationof anyfoodorfoodsourcediscussedinthisbook.Pleasevisithospiceniagara.catodownloadapdf versionof thisbook.

Contents

Forward 567

101112131415161718192022

AcknowledgementsIntroductionRecipes:

Caregiver TipsReferences

LemonandCranberryBreakfastCookie

SausageandBroccoliFrittata

PotatoandCornChowder

Beef andBarleyStew

ChickenandDumplingStew

ChickenEnchiladas

Meatloaf MeatballsandNoodles

Beef andBroccoliStirFry

ThreeCheeseMacaroniandCheese

CreamyPolentaPie

PeanutButterProteinBites

HoneyLemonLoaf

Foodislove.We’veusedthatsimpleexpressionaroundourhouseforaslongasIremember.Whetherit’saSundayroast,popcornduringamovie,extrablueberriesintheoatmealorchickensoupforthesoul;foodisthewayIshowmyfamilymylove.Asthechef atHospiceNiagara’sTheStablerCentre,Ihavethepleasureandthehonourof providingfoodforclientsandtheirfamilies.Foodislove,butitisalsocomfort,care,andnourishment.Andempowerment.In thecourseof navigating life-limitingprogressive illnesses,weoften feel sopowerless– relinquishingourcontrol tonurses,doctors,andspecialists–feelinglikepassengersonajourneyratherthanparticipantsinaprocess.Thisbookwascreatedwiththegoalof empoweringcaregiversinourpalliativecarecommunitytoengageinthehealthcareprocessandparticipateinanareawhereexpertiseisnotaprerequisite–thekitchen.Preparingmealsisanexpressionof love.Theserecipeswerecreatedwithboththeclientandthecaregiverinmind.Therecipesarewholesomeandeasytoprepare,andfeatureingredientsthatareeasytofind.Thefocusistoprovidenutritionallydense(highinproteinandvitamins,andrichinfats)andboldlyflavoureddishesappropriateforalldiets.Thisisn’thealthfood,butthisalsoisn’t‘sickfood’.Thisisfoodthatcanbecreatedeasilybycaregivers,butenjoyedbyall.

Itistheintentionforthisbooktogivepeoplethepowertocreatewholesomefood,theopportunitytosharemealsandmomentswithfamilyandfriends,andtomakeeverybitecount.Afterall–foodislove.

Wehopeyouenjoyeachrecipeandmakethemyourown.

PatrickEngelChef,HospiceNiagara

Foodislove.We’veusedthatsimpleexpressionaroundourhouseforaslongasIremember.Whetherit’saSundayroast,popcornduringamovie,extrablueberriesintheoatmealorchickensoupforthesoul;foodisthewayIshowmyfamilymylove.Asthechef atHospiceNiagara’sTheStablerCentre,Ihavethepleasureandthehonourof providingfoodforclientsandtheirfamilies.Foodislove,butitisalsocomfort,care,andnourishment.Andempowerment.In thecourseof navigating life-limitingprogressive illnesses,weoften feel sopowerless– relinquishingourcontrol tonurses,doctors,andspecialists–feelinglikepassengersonajourneyratherthanparticipantsinaprocess.Thisbookwascreatedwiththegoalof empoweringcaregiversinourpalliativecarecommunitytoengageinthehealthcareprocessandparticipateinanareawhereexpertiseisnotaprerequisite–thekitchen.Preparingmealsisanexpressionof love.Theserecipeswerecreatedwithboththeclientandthecaregiverinmind.Therecipesarewholesomeandeasytoprepare,andfeatureingredientsthatareeasytofind.Thefocusistoprovidenutritionallydense(highinproteinandvitamins,andrichinfats)andboldlyflavoureddishesappropriateforalldiets.Thisisn’thealthfood,butthisalsoisn’t‘sickfood’.Thisisfoodthatcanbecreatedeasilybycaregivers,butenjoyedbyall.

Itistheintentionforthisbooktogivepeoplethepowertocreatewholesomefood,theopportunitytosharemealsandmomentswithfamilyandfriends,andtomakeeverybitecount.Afterall–foodislove.

Wehopeyouenjoyeachrecipeandmakethemyourown.

PatrickEngelChef,HospiceNiagara

IntroductionAcknowledgements

Special thanks to:

Hospicepalliativecareisaphilosophyof carethataimstorelievesufferingandimprovequalityof livinganddying.Itstrivestohelpindividualsandfamiliesto:

• Addressphysical,psychological,social,spiritualandpracticalissues,andtheirassociatedexpectations,needs,hopesandfears

• Prepareforandmanageend-of-lifechoicesandthedyingprocess• Copewithlossandgrief• Treatallactiveissues• Preventnewissuesfromoccurring,and• Promoteopportunitiesformeaningfulandvaluableexperiences,andpersonalandspiritualgrowthSource:AdvancingHighQuality,HighValuePalliativeCareinOntario:ADeclarationof PartnershipandCommitmenttoActionHospiceNiagaraprovidespatient-centred, family-focusedhospicepalliativecare inNiagararegionof Ontario.Of interest tous,was thechallengeexpressedbycaregivers toprovidequality food for those theyarecaring for.Thisprojectaddressesthecreationof nutrient-richmealsandsnacksthathaveapleasantflavor,givenmedicationside-effects;areeasytopreparewithaccessibleandaffordableingredients;andmaybeconsumedinsmallquantitieswiththeoptiontofreezeforlateruse.Thedevelopmentof thisbookwasacollaborativeeffort,involvingamulti-disciplinaryprojectteammadeupof staffand students from theFood InnovationandResearchStudio (FIRSt),Centre forHospitalityandCulinaryArts atGeorgeBrownCollege,withinputfromanutritionist,HospiceNiagarastaff,caregivers,peoplereceivingpalliativecareandChef Patrick.Thisprojectwasmadepossiblebythefinancialgenerosityof TheHelderleighFoundation.Throughawell-developedprojectplan,prototyping,hands-ontesting,nutritionalanalysis(usingGenesisR&DSQLsoftware)andevaluation;12recipesarepresentedinthisguidethatisprimarilyforcaregiversof peoplelivingwithcancer.Theserecipesarenutritionally-balancedandspecifictopeoplelivingwithcancerastheyarehighinfat,proteinandfiber,yetaremadeavailableinsmallportions.Producttastecomplementsdruginteractionsandsideeffectssuchasdrymouth,constipationandeasyswallowing.Tocomplimenttherecipes,weaimtoprovidehelpfultipsandresourcesforthosewhoarenewtoprovidingpalliativecareforothers.

This book was made possible by the generous sponsorshipfromTheHelderleighFoundationandcollaborationbetweenGeorgeBrownCollegeandHospiceNiagara.

• LlewelynandSusanSmithof TheHelderleighFoundation• George Brown College - Food Innovation & Research

Studio(FIRSt)• Studentsof theculinaryprogramatGeorgeBrownCollege• HospiceNiagara’sclientsandtheirfamilies,volunteersand

stafffortheirinputandrecipetesting• MikeMcCollforhisphotographs• PamelaSzabo-Kode,RegisteredDietician,forprofessional

consultation

IntroductionAcknowledgements

Special thanks to:

Hospicepalliativecareisaphilosophyof carethataimstorelievesufferingandimprovequalityof livinganddying.Itstrivestohelpindividualsandfamiliesto:

• Addressphysical,psychological,social,spiritualandpracticalissues,andtheirassociatedexpectations,needs,hopesandfears

• Prepareforandmanageend-of-lifechoicesandthedyingprocess• Copewithlossandgrief• Treatallactiveissues• Preventnewissuesfromoccurring,and• Promoteopportunitiesformeaningfulandvaluableexperiences,andpersonalandspiritualgrowthSource:AdvancingHighQuality,HighValuePalliativeCareinOntario:ADeclarationof PartnershipandCommitmenttoActionHospiceNiagaraprovidespatient-centred, family-focusedhospicepalliativecare inNiagararegionof Ontario.Of interest tous,was thechallengeexpressedbycaregivers toprovidequality food for those theyarecaring for.Thisprojectaddressesthecreationof nutrient-richmealsandsnacksthathaveapleasantflavor,givenmedicationside-effects;areeasytopreparewithaccessibleandaffordableingredients;andmaybeconsumedinsmallquantitieswiththeoptiontofreezeforlateruse.Thedevelopmentof thisbookwasacollaborativeeffort,involvingamulti-disciplinaryprojectteammadeupof staffand students from theFood InnovationandResearchStudio (FIRSt),Centre forHospitalityandCulinaryArts atGeorgeBrownCollege,withinputfromanutritionist,HospiceNiagarastaff,caregivers,peoplereceivingpalliativecareandChef Patrick.Thisprojectwasmadepossiblebythefinancialgenerosityof TheHelderleighFoundation.Throughawell-developedprojectplan,prototyping,hands-ontesting,nutritionalanalysis(usingGenesisR&DSQLsoftware)andevaluation;12recipesarepresentedinthisguidethatisprimarilyforcaregiversof peoplelivingwithcancer.Theserecipesarenutritionally-balancedandspecifictopeoplelivingwithcancerastheyarehighinfat,proteinandfiber,yetaremadeavailableinsmallportions.Producttastecomplementsdruginteractionsandsideeffectssuchasdrymouth,constipationandeasyswallowing.Tocomplimenttherecipes,weaimtoprovidehelpfultipsandresourcesforthosewhoarenewtoprovidingpalliativecareforothers.

This book was made possible by the generous sponsorshipfromTheHelderleighFoundationandcollaborationbetweenGeorgeBrownCollegeandHospiceNiagara.

• LlewelynandSusanSmithof TheHelderleighFoundation• George Brown College - Food Innovation & Research

Studio(FIRSt)• Studentsof theculinaryprogramatGeorgeBrownCollege• HospiceNiagara’sclientsandtheirfamilies,volunteersand

stafffortheirinputandrecipetesting• MikeMcCollforhisphotographs• PamelaSzabo-Kode,RegisteredDietician,forprofessional

consultation

Sausage and

Ingredients:

Method:

Broccoli Frittata

1tsp (5mL)2each1cup (250mL)6each¼cup (60mL)⅓cup (80mL)¼cup (60mL)1each1cup (250mL)¼tsp (1mL)Asneeded

OliveoilMildItaliansausage

Onion,choppedEgg

Chives,choppedMozzarellacheese,shredded

MilkPotato,grated

Broccoli,finelychoppedBlackpepper

Cookingspray

PrepTime:15minutesCookTime:1hourServings:6servings

1.Preheatovento375˚F(190˚C)andspray8in.x8in.bakingdishwithcookingspray.Setaside.2. Ina fryingpan,heatoil overmediumheat.Removerawsausagefromcasingandcookuntilnicelybrowned.3.Addonionsandcookuntilonionsaresoftened.Removefromheatandallowtocoolcompletely.4. Ina largebowl,whisk togethereggs, chives,mozzarellacheese,milk,gratedpotato,broccoliandblackpepper.Add thecooled sausageandonions,stirtocombineandpourintoprepareddish.5.Bakefor45-50minutesoruntilthemiddleof frittataisset.

Chef’s Tip: For a heartier meal, add 2 cups (500 mL) diced bread and 2/3 cup (160 mL) milk

into the mix. Bake until middle is set.

butter.988

Lemon and

Ingredients:

Method:

CranberryBreakfast Cookie

1cup (250mL)2cup (500mL)¼cup (60mL)1tbsp (15mL)¼tsp (1mL)2tsp (10mL)1each1tsp (5mL)¼cup (60mL)3tbsp (45mL)2tbsp (30mL)⅓cup (80mL)

RolledoatsAlmondflour

Driedcranberries,choppedLemonzest

SaltBakingpowder

EggVanillaextractAlmondbutter

HoneyButter,melted

PrepTime:20minutesCookTime:20minutes

Servings:12servings

1.Preheatovento350˚F (180˚C)andlineabakingsheetwithparchmentpaper.Setaside.2.Placeoatsinafoodprocessorandpulsetogroundtoapowder.3.Inalargebowlcombinegroundoats,almondflour,cranberries,lemonzest,saltandbakingpowder.4.Inaseparatebowlwhiskegg,vanillaextract,almondbutter,honey,meltedbutterandmilktogether.5. Fold wet ingredients into dry and using an icecreamscoop,portionontolinedbakingsheet.6. Lightly flatten and bake for 18-20minutes untilgoldenbrown.Cookieswillstillbesoft.

Chef’s Tips: • If you have a sweet tooth, increase honey to

suit your taste • Peanut butter can be used instead of almond

butter

Sausage and

Ingredients:

Method:

Broccoli Frittata

1tsp (5mL)2each1cup (250mL)6each¼cup (60mL)⅓cup (80mL)¼cup (60mL)1each1cup (250mL)¼tsp (1mL)Asneeded

OliveoilMildItaliansausage

Onion,choppedEgg

Chives,choppedMozzarellacheese,shredded

MilkPotato,grated

Broccoli,finelychoppedBlackpepper

Cookingspray

1.Preheatovento375˚F(190˚C)andspray8in.x8in.bakingdishwithcookingspray.Setaside.2. Ina fryingpan,heatoil overmediumheat.Removerawsausagefromcasingandcookuntilnicelybrowned.3.Addonionsandcookuntilonionsaresoftened.Removefromheatandallowtocoolcompletely.4. Ina largebowl,whisk togethereggs, chives,mozzarellacheese,milk,gratedpotato,broccoliandblackpepper.Add thecooled sausageandonions,stirtocombineandpourintoprepareddish.5.Bakefor45-50minutesoruntilthemiddleof frittataisset.

Chef’s Tip: For a heartier meal, add 2 cups (500 mL) diced bread and 2/3 cup (160 mL) milk

into the mix. Bake until middle is set.

butter.988

Lemon and

Ingredients:

Method:

CranberryBreakfast Cookie

1cup (250mL)2cup (500mL)¼cup (60mL)1tbsp (15mL)¼tsp (1mL)2tsp (10mL)1each1tsp (5mL)¼cup (60mL)3tbsp (45mL)2tbsp (30mL)⅓cup (80mL)

RolledoatsAlmondflour

Driedcranberries,choppedLemonzest

SaltBakingpowder

EggVanillaextractAlmondbutter

HoneyButter,melted

Servings:12servings

1.Preheatovento350˚F (180˚C)andlineabakingsheetwithparchmentpaper.Setaside.2.Placeoatsinafoodprocessorandpulsetogroundtoapowder.3.Inalargebowlcombinegroundoats,almondflour,cranberries,lemonzest,saltandbakingpowder.4.Inaseparatebowlwhiskegg,vanillaextract,almondbutter,honey,meltedbutterandmilktogether.5. Fold wet ingredients into dry and using an icecreamscoop,portionontolinedbakingsheet.6. Lightly flatten and bake for 18-20minutes untilgoldenbrown.Cookieswillstillbesoft.

Chef’s Tips: • If you have a sweet tooth, increase honey to

suit your taste • Peanut butter can be used instead of almond

butter

Potato and CornChowder

Ingredients:

Method:

4slices1each1each½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)4cup (1L)2each1cup (250mL)½cup (125mL)2each1cup (250mL)¾cup (180mL)

Bacon,choppedOnion,diced

Redpepper,dicedSalt

BlackpepperChickenstock,lowsodium

Potatoes,dicedCorn,frozenPeas,frozen

Greenonion,choppedTablecream,18%

Cheddarcheese,shredded

Servings:6servings

1.Inlargepot,cookbaconovermediumheatuntilcrispy.2.Addonions,redpepper,saltandpepper.Cookuntilonionshavesoftened.3.Stirinchickenstockandpotatoes.Bringtoaboilandreducetoasimmer.Continuesimmeringfor20minutesoruntilpotatoesaretender.4.Addcorn,peasandgreenonionandreturntoasimmer.5. Stir in cream and simmer until your desiredthickness.Servewithshreddedcheddarcheese.

Chef’s Tip: For a higher calorie and creamy meal, stir 2 tbsp (30 mL) cream into 1 cup (250

mL) of soup when serving.

Beef and BarleyStew

Ingredients:

Method:

1tbsp (30mL)1lb (454g)1each4cloves2tbsp (30mL)½tsp (2mL)2cup (500mL)3cup (750mL)1each1tsp (5mL)1each½cup (125mL)¼cup (60mL)¼cup (60mL)2tbsp (30mL)

1.Inmediumsizedpot,heatoliveoilonhighheatandaddbeef.Cookbeef untilnicelybrowned.2.Reduce heat tomedium, stir in onions andgarlicandcookuntilonionshavesoftened.3. Stir in tomato paste and salt. Cook for 2minutesbeingcarefulnottoburn.4.Addbeef stock,water,potato,thyme,bayleaf andbarley.Coverandsimmerfor40-45minutesuntilbeef istender.Addmorewaterif necessary.5.Stir in frozencarrotsandpeas.Removebayleaf andstirinbalsamicvinegar.

OliveoilDicedbeef,½in.Onion,choppedGarlic,mincedTomatopaste

SaltBeef stock

WaterPotato,diced

ThymeBayleaf

PealbarleyCarrots,frozen

Peas,frozenBalsamicvinegar

11Chef’s Tips: Serve with cooked shredded chicken for a more substantial meal.

Potato and CornChowder

Ingredients:

Method:

4slices1each1each½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)4cup (1L)2each1cup (250mL)½cup (125mL)2each1cup (250mL)¾cup (180mL)

Bacon,choppedOnion,diced

Redpepper,dicedSalt

BlackpepperChickenstock,lowsodium

Potatoes,dicedCorn,frozenPeas,frozen

Greenonion,choppedTablecream,18%

Cheddarcheese,shredded

Servings:6servings

1.Inlargepot,cookbaconovermediumheatuntilcrispy.2.Addonions,redpepper,saltandpepper.Cookuntilonionshavesoftened.3.Stirinchickenstockandpotatoes.Bringtoaboilandreducetoasimmer.Continuesimmeringfor20minutesoruntilpotatoesaretender.4.Addcorn,peasandgreenonionandreturntoasimmer.5. Stir in cream and simmer until your desiredthickness.Servewithshreddedcheddarcheese.

Chef’s Tip: For a higher calorie and creamy meal, stir 2 tbsp (30 mL) cream into 1 cup (250

mL) of soup when serving.

Beef and BarleyStew

Ingredients:

Method:

1tbsp (30mL)1lb (454g)1each4cloves2tbsp (30mL)½tsp (2mL)2cup (500mL)3cup (750mL)1each1tsp (5mL)1each½cup (125mL)¼cup (60mL)¼cup (60mL)2tbsp (30mL)

1.Inmediumsizedpot,heatoliveoilonhighheatandaddbeef.Cookbeef untilnicelybrowned.2.Reduce heat tomedium, stir in onions andgarlicandcookuntilonionshavesoftened.3. Stir in tomato paste and salt. Cook for 2minutesbeingcarefulnottoburn.4.Addbeef stock,water,potato,thyme,bayleaf andbarley.Coverandsimmerfor40-45minutesuntilbeef istender.Addmorewaterif necessary.5.Stir in frozencarrotsandpeas.Removebayleaf andstirinbalsamicvinegar.

OliveoilDicedbeef,½in.Onion,choppedGarlic,mincedTomatopaste

SaltBeef stock

WaterPotato,diced

ThymeBayleaf

PealbarleyCarrots,frozen

Peas,frozenBalsamicvinegar

11Chef’s Tips: Serve with cooked shredded chicken for a more substantial meal.

Chicken and

Ingredients:

Dumplings

Method:

Dumpling Stew

1tbsp (15mL)3tbsp (45mL)1lb (454g)Asneeded½cup (125mL)2cloves½cup (125mL)½cup (125mL)1each1tsp (5mL)¼tsp (1mL)3cup (750mL)⅓cup (75mL)

ButterVegetableoil

Chickenthigh,bonelessandskinlessFlour

Onion,choppedGarlic,chopped

Carrot,dicedParsnip,diced

BayleafSageSalt

ChickenstockFrozenpeas

⅔cup (160mL)½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)Pinch2tbsp (30mL)⅓cup (80mL)

FlourParsleyflakes

BakingpowderBakingsoda

SaltButterMilk

Servings:4servings

1.Inlargepanwithatightfittinglid,heatbutterandoiltomediumheat.2.Seasonchickenwithsaltandblackpepperanddustinflour.Panfrychickenuntilgoldenbrown.Removefrompanandsetaside.3.Insamepan,reduceheatandcookonionsandgarlicuntilonionshavesoftened.4. Stir in carrots and parsnips and cook untilparsnipshavesoftened.5.Addbayleaf,sage,saltandchickenstock.Addbrownedchickenandsimmerfor15minutes.6. For dumplings, mix together flour, parsley,bakingpowder,bakingsodaandsalt ina largebowl.7.Rubbutterintoflourandstirinmilktoformsoftdough.8.Drop1 inchdumplings intosimmeringstewand cover. Simmer for another 15 minutes.Dumplingswilldoubleinsize.9.Remove fromheat and gently stir in frozenpeas.

ChickenEnchiladas

Ingredients:

Method:

Chef’s Tips: • Customize to your taste. Try using different veggies or remove beans and peppers for a simpler meal.• This is a great recipe for batch cooking. Double the recipe and freeze pulled chicken for later use!

4eachbonelessandskinless½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)4cloves1each1cup (250mL)1cup (250mL)½cup(125mL)8each½cup (125mL)¼cup (60mL)¼cup (60mL)

ChickenthighPaprikaCumin

ChilipowderGarlic,crushedOnion,diced

Redpepper,dicedCanof blackbeans,drainedandrinsed

Tomatoes,canned,diced6”Flourtortilla

Montereyjackcheese,shreddedSourcream

Cilantro,chopped

PrepTime:15minutesCookTime:2hoursServings:4servings

1.Preheatovento325˚F(160˚C).2. Rubchicken thighswithpaprika, cumin, chilipowderandcrushedgarlicandplaceinovenproof dish.3.Add onions, red peppers, black beans and topwithtomatoes.4.Covertightlywithfoilandplaceinovenfor1½hoursoruntilchickenbeginstofallapart.Pouroutandsaveanyliquidfromdish.5.Using2forks,shredchickenanddividemixtureintoandplaceintocleanbakingdish.6.Pourremainingliquidontopof rolledtortillasandsprinklewithcheese.Coverandreturntotheovenfor15minutesuntilcheeseismelted.7.Topwithsourcreamandgarnishwithchoppedcilantro.

Chicken and

Ingredients:

Dumplings

Method:

Dumpling Stew

1tbsp (15mL)3tbsp (45mL)1lb (454g)Asneeded½cup (125mL)2cloves½cup (125mL)½cup (125mL)1each1tsp (5mL)¼tsp (1mL)3cup (750mL)⅓cup (75mL)

ButterVegetableoil

Chickenthigh,bonelessandskinlessFlour

Onion,choppedGarlic,chopped

Carrot,dicedParsnip,diced

BayleafSageSalt

ChickenstockFrozenpeas

⅔cup (160mL)½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)Pinch2tbsp (30mL)⅓cup (80mL)

FlourParsleyflakes

BakingpowderBakingsoda

SaltButterMilk

Servings:4servings

1.Inlargepanwithatightfittinglid,heatbutterandoiltomediumheat.2.Seasonchickenwithsaltandblackpepperanddustinflour.Panfrychickenuntilgoldenbrown.Removefrompanandsetaside.3.Insamepan,reduceheatandcookonionsandgarlicuntilonionshavesoftened.4. Stir in carrots and parsnips and cook untilparsnipshavesoftened.5.Addbayleaf,sage,saltandchickenstock.Addbrownedchickenandsimmerfor15minutes.6. For dumplings, mix together flour, parsley,bakingpowder,bakingsodaandsalt ina largebowl.7.Rubbutterintoflourandstirinmilktoformsoftdough.8.Drop1 inchdumplings intosimmeringstewand cover. Simmer for another 15 minutes.Dumplingswilldoubleinsize.9.Remove fromheat and gently stir in frozenpeas.

ChickenEnchiladas

Ingredients:

Method:

Chef’s Tips: • Customize to your taste. Try using different veggies or remove beans and peppers for a simpler meal.• This is a great recipe for batch cooking. Double the recipe and freeze pulled chicken for later use!

4eachbonelessandskinless½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)½tsp (2mL)4cloves1each1cup (250mL)1cup (250mL)½cup(125mL)8each½cup (125mL)¼cup (60mL)¼cup (60mL)

ChickenthighPaprikaCumin

ChilipowderGarlic,crushedOnion,diced

Redpepper,dicedCanof blackbeans,drainedandrinsed

Tomatoes,canned,diced6”Flourtortilla

Montereyjackcheese,shreddedSourcream

Cilantro,chopped

PrepTime:15minutesCookTime:2hoursServings:4servings

1.Preheatovento325˚F(160˚C).2. Rubchicken thighswithpaprika, cumin, chilipowderandcrushedgarlicandplaceinovenproof dish.3.Add onions, red peppers, black beans and topwithtomatoes.4.Covertightlywithfoilandplaceinovenfor1½hoursoruntilchickenbeginstofallapart.Pouroutandsaveanyliquidfromdish.5.Using2forks,shredchickenanddividemixtureintoandplaceintocleanbakingdish.6.Pourremainingliquidontopof rolledtortillasandsprinklewithcheese.Coverandreturntotheovenfor15minutesuntilcheeseismelted.7.Topwithsourcreamandgarnishwithchoppedcilantro.

Meatloaf Meatballs

Ingredients:

Tomato Sauce

Method:

and Noodles

1lb (454g)1cup (250mL)2cloves¼tsp (1mL)¼tsp (1mL)1tbsp (15mL)2tbsp (30mL)½tsp (2mL)1each¼cup (60mL)3tbsp (45mL)1tbsp (15mL)

Groundbeef,leanOnion,gratedGarlic,minced

SaltBlackpepper

WorcestershiresauceParsley,dried

Oregano,driedEgg

BreadcrumbsKetchup

Cidervinegar

2tbsp (30mL)½cup (125mL)3cloves2cup (500mL)1tsp (5mL)½tsp (2mL)340g

OliveoilOnion,choppedGarlic,chopped

Tomatopuree,cannedHoney

Oregano,driedEggnoodles,cookedaccording

toinstructiononpackage

Servings:6servings

1.Preheatovento425˚F(218˚C).2. In largebowl,mixgroundbeef withgratedonion,garlic,salt,blackpepper,Worcestershiresauce,parsley,oregano,eggandbreadcrumbs.3.Forminto12ballsandplaceinbakingdish.Bakeinpreheatedovenfor5minutes.4. Mix ketchup together with cider vinegarand brush intomeatballs. Return to oven andcontinuebakingfor10minutesoruntilinternaltemperaturereaches160˚F(71˚C).5.Fortomatosauce,heatoliveoilinlargesaucepanandcookonionsuntilsoftened.Addgarlicandcookuntilfragrant.6.Addtomatopuree,honeyandoregano.Reduceheattoasimmerandcookfor15minutes.7.Stircookedeggnoodlesintohottomatosauceandservewithmeatloaf meatballs. Beef and Broccoli

Stir Fry

Ingredients:

Method:

200g1tbsp (15mL)2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)1tsp (5mL)⅛tsp (½mL)2cloves1tbsp (15mL)1tbsp (15mL)3tbsp (45mL)1lb (454g)2cup (500mL)½each½each1tbsp (15mL)3each

Chowmiennoodles,dryVegetableoil

SoysauceSesameoil

Chiliflakes(optional)Blackpepper

Garlic,mincedGinger,minced

HoneyVegetableoil

Beef,⅓in.stripsBroccoli,cutintosmallflorets

Redpepper,thinlyslicedOnion,sliced

Sesameseeds(optional)Greenonion,sliced

Servings:6servings

1.Cook chowmiennoodles perpackage instructions.Drainandtosswith1tbsp(15mL)vegetableoiltocoat.Setaside2.Inasmallbowl,mixsoysauce,sesameoil,chiliflakes,black pepper, garlic, ginger and honey together. Setaside.3. In a large frying pan or wok heat 3 tbsp (45mL)vegetableoilonhighheat.4.Frybeef whilestirringfor1minute.5.Addbroccoli,redpeppersandonionswhilestirring.Cookuntilonionshavesoftened.6.Stirinsoysaucemixtureandaddcookedchowmien.Tosstocoatandwarmnoodles7.Addsesameseedsandgreenonions.

Chef’s Tips: This recipe is great with a mixture of ground pork and beef or

even ground turkey.

Meatloaf Meatballs

Ingredients:

Tomato Sauce

Method:

and Noodles

1lb (454g)1cup (250mL)2cloves¼tsp (1mL)¼tsp (1mL)1tbsp (15mL)2tbsp (30mL)½tsp (2mL)1each¼cup (60mL)3tbsp (45mL)1tbsp (15mL)

Groundbeef,leanOnion,gratedGarlic,minced

SaltBlackpepper

WorcestershiresauceParsley,dried

Oregano,driedEgg

BreadcrumbsKetchup

Cidervinegar

2tbsp (30mL)½cup (125mL)3cloves2cup (500mL)1tsp (5mL)½tsp (2mL)340g

OliveoilOnion,choppedGarlic,chopped

Tomatopuree,cannedHoney

Oregano,driedEggnoodles,cookedaccording

toinstructiononpackage

Servings:6servings

1.Preheatovento425˚F(218˚C).2. In largebowl,mixgroundbeef withgratedonion,garlic,salt,blackpepper,Worcestershiresauce,parsley,oregano,eggandbreadcrumbs.3.Forminto12ballsandplaceinbakingdish.Bakeinpreheatedovenfor5minutes.4. Mix ketchup together with cider vinegarand brush intomeatballs. Return to oven andcontinuebakingfor10minutesoruntilinternaltemperaturereaches160˚F(71˚C).5.Fortomatosauce,heatoliveoilinlargesaucepanandcookonionsuntilsoftened.Addgarlicandcookuntilfragrant.6.Addtomatopuree,honeyandoregano.Reduceheattoasimmerandcookfor15minutes.7.Stircookedeggnoodlesintohottomatosauceandservewithmeatloaf meatballs. Beef and Broccoli

Stir Fry

Ingredients:

Method:

200g1tbsp (15mL)2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)1tsp (5mL)⅛tsp (½mL)2cloves1tbsp (15mL)1tbsp (15mL)3tbsp (45mL)1lb (454g)2cup (500mL)½each½each1tbsp (15mL)3each

Chowmiennoodles,dryVegetableoil

SoysauceSesameoil

Chiliflakes(optional)Blackpepper

Garlic,mincedGinger,minced

HoneyVegetableoil

Beef,⅓in.stripsBroccoli,cutintosmallflorets

Redpepper,thinlyslicedOnion,sliced

Sesameseeds(optional)Greenonion,sliced

Servings:6servings

1.Cook chowmiennoodles perpackage instructions.Drainandtosswith1tbsp(15mL)vegetableoiltocoat.Setaside2.Inasmallbowl,mixsoysauce,sesameoil,chiliflakes,black pepper, garlic, ginger and honey together. Setaside.3. In a large frying pan or wok heat 3 tbsp (45mL)vegetableoilonhighheat.4.Frybeef whilestirringfor1minute.5.Addbroccoli,redpeppersandonionswhilestirring.Cookuntilonionshavesoftened.6.Stirinsoysaucemixtureandaddcookedchowmien.Tosstocoatandwarmnoodles7.Addsesameseedsandgreenonions.

Chef’s Tips: This recipe is great with a mixture of ground pork and beef or

even ground turkey.

Creamy Polenta

Ingredients:

Creamy Polenta Topping

Method:

1lb (454g)¼tsp (1mL)¼tsp (1mL)1each3cloves1tbsp (15mL)½tsp (2mL)2tbsp (30mL)¼cup(60mL)¼cup (60mL)1cup (250mL)

1½cup(375mL)2cup (500mL)⅛tsp (½mL)½cup(125mL)2tbsp(30mL)2tbsp(30mL)

Groundbeef,leanSalt

BlackpepperOnion,diced

Garlic,choppedFlour

OreganoWorcestershiresauce

FrozencarrotsFrozenpeas

Half andhalf cream

Chickenstock,lowsodiumHalf andhalf cream

SaltCornmeal

ButterParmesancheese,grated

Servings:8servings

1.Preheatovento350˚F(180˚C).2. In large pan overmediumheat brown groundbeef andseasonwithsaltandpepper.3.Addonions,garlic,flourandoreganotopotandcookuntilonionshavesoftened.StirinWorcestershiresauce.4.Stirincreamandfrozenvegetables.Cookfor2minutestoreducethecreambyhalf andpourinto8in.x8in.bakingdish.5.Inalargepotbringchickenstock,half andhalf andsalttoasimmer,whiskincornmeal.Reducetoasimmerandcookfor15minuteswhilestirring.6. Stir in butter and parmesan cheese. Cook for anadditional2minutes.7.Spreadontopof cookedgroundbeef.Placeintoovenandbakefor15minutes.

Three Cheese

Ingredients:

Method:

Macaroni andCheese

2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)3cup (750mL)1tsp (5mL)½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)½tsp (2mL)2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)½cup (125mL)¼cup(60mL)3cup (750mL)

ButterFlourMilk

OnionpowderGarlicpowderThyme,dried

SaltDijonmustardCreamcheese

Cheddarcheese,shreddedMozzarellacheese,shredded

Cookedmacaroni

Servings:4servings

1.Inamediumsaucepanmeltbutterandstirinflour.Toastflourwhilestirringtoavoidburning.Slowlyaddmilkandstirtocombine.2.Addonionpowder,garlicpowder,thymeandsalt.Bringtoasimmerandcookfor5minutes.3.AddDijonmustardandcreamcheese,stiruntilmelted.Add shredded cheddar andmozzarellacheeseandstiragainuntilmelted.4.Foldincookedmacaroniandseasontotaste.

Creamy Polenta

Ingredients:

Creamy Polenta Topping

Method:

1lb (454g)¼tsp (1mL)¼tsp (1mL)1each3cloves1tbsp (15mL)½tsp (2mL)2tbsp (30mL)¼cup(60mL)¼cup (60mL)1cup (250mL)

1½cup(375mL)2cup (500mL)⅛tsp (½mL)½cup(125mL)2tbsp(30mL)2tbsp(30mL)

Groundbeef,leanSalt

BlackpepperOnion,diced

Garlic,choppedFlour

OreganoWorcestershiresauce

FrozencarrotsFrozenpeas

Half andhalf cream

Chickenstock,lowsodiumHalf andhalf cream

SaltCornmeal

ButterParmesancheese,grated

Servings:8servings

1.Preheatovento350˚F(180˚C).2. In large pan overmediumheat brown groundbeef andseasonwithsaltandpepper.3.Addonions,garlic,flourandoreganotopotandcookuntilonionshavesoftened.StirinWorcestershiresauce.4.Stirincreamandfrozenvegetables.Cookfor2minutestoreducethecreambyhalf andpourinto8in.x8in.bakingdish.5.Inalargepotbringchickenstock,half andhalf andsalttoasimmer,whiskincornmeal.Reducetoasimmerandcookfor15minuteswhilestirring.6. Stir in butter and parmesan cheese. Cook for anadditional2minutes.7.Spreadontopof cookedgroundbeef.Placeintoovenandbakefor15minutes.

Three Cheese

Ingredients:

Method:

Macaroni andCheese

2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)3cup (750mL)1tsp (5mL)½tsp (2mL)¼tsp (1mL)½tsp (2mL)2tbsp (30mL)2tbsp (30mL)½cup (125mL)¼cup(60mL)3cup (750mL)

ButterFlourMilk

OnionpowderGarlicpowderThyme,dried

SaltDijonmustardCreamcheese

Cheddarcheese,shreddedMozzarellacheese,shredded

Cookedmacaroni

Servings:4servings

1.Inamediumsaucepanmeltbutterandstirinflour.Toastflourwhilestirringtoavoidburning.Slowlyaddmilkandstirtocombine.2.Addonionpowder,garlicpowder,thymeandsalt.Bringtoasimmerandcookfor5minutes.3.AddDijonmustardandcreamcheese,stiruntilmelted.Add shredded cheddar andmozzarellacheeseandstiragainuntilmelted.4.Foldincookedmacaroniandseasontotaste.

Peanut Butter

Ingredients:

Method:

Protein Bites

Chef’s Tip: Place in freezer for a great snack at anytime!

1cup (250mL)⅓cup (80mL)5each¾cup (180mL)2tsp (10mL)Pinch¼cup(60mL)

Almonds,wholeandroastedPumpkinseeds,roasted

Prunes,pittedPeanutbutterVanillaextract

SaltChocolatechips,melted

PrepTime:15minutesServings:6servings

1.Linebaking traywithparchmentpaperandsetaside.2.Placeroastedalmondsandroastedpumpkinseedsinafoodprocessorandpulseuntilalmondsarefinelychopped.3.Addprunes,peanutbutter,vanillaextractandsalt.4.Blend justuntilmixturecomes together inalargeballandpeanutbutterismixedin.Donotoverblend.5. Roll into 1 tbsp (15mL) balls and dip intomelted chocolate. Immediately place ontoparchment linedtrayand letsituntilchocolateisfirm.

Chef’s Tips: If you have a sweet tooth, add a glaze or serve with your favourite

Honey LemonLoaf

Ingredients:

Method:

1½cup(375mL)¼tsp(1mL)½tsp(2mL)Pinch2each½cup(125mL)⅓cup(80mL)¼cup(60mL)2tsp(10mL)1each

FlourBakingsoda

BakingpowderSaltEgg

HoneyButter,melted

MilkVanillaextract

Lemon,juiceandzest

Servings:12servings

1.Preheatoven to375˚F (180˚C).Line loaf panwithparchmentpaperandsetaside.2.Inalargebowlcombineflour,bakingsoda,bakingpowderandsalt.Setaside.3. In a separate bowl whisk eggs, honey,meltedbutter,milk,vanilla, lemonjuiceandzestuntilwellincorporated.4. Fold wet ingredients into dry ingredientsuntiljustcombined.Donotovermix.5.Pourbatterintolinedpanandbakefor35-40minutesoruntilinsertedtoothpickcomesoutclean.

Peanut Butter

Ingredients:

Method:

Protein Bites

Chef’s Tip: Place in freezer for a great snack at anytime!

1cup (250mL)⅓cup (80mL)5each¾cup (180mL)2tsp (10mL)Pinch¼cup(60mL)

Almonds,wholeandroastedPumpkinseeds,roasted

Prunes,pittedPeanutbutterVanillaextract

SaltChocolatechips,melted

PrepTime:15minutesServings:6servings

1.Linebaking traywithparchmentpaperandsetaside.2.Placeroastedalmondsandroastedpumpkinseedsinafoodprocessorandpulseuntilalmondsarefinelychopped.3.Addprunes,peanutbutter,vanillaextractandsalt.4.Blend justuntilmixturecomes together inalargeballandpeanutbutterismixedin.Donotoverblend.5. Roll into 1 tbsp (15mL) balls and dip intomelted chocolate. Immediately place ontoparchment linedtrayand letsituntilchocolateisfirm.

Chef’s Tips: If you have a sweet tooth, add a glaze or serve with your favourite

Honey LemonLoaf

Ingredients:

Method:

1½cup(375mL)¼tsp(1mL)½tsp(2mL)Pinch2each½cup(125mL)⅓cup(80mL)¼cup(60mL)2tsp(10mL)1each

FlourBakingsoda

BakingpowderSaltEgg

HoneyButter,melted

MilkVanillaextract

Lemon,juiceandzest

Servings:12servings

1.Preheatoven to375˚F (180˚C).Line loaf panwithparchmentpaperandsetaside.2.Inalargebowlcombineflour,bakingsoda,bakingpowderandsalt.Setaside.3. In a separate bowl whisk eggs, honey,meltedbutter,milk,vanilla, lemonjuiceandzestuntilwellincorporated.4. Fold wet ingredients into dry ingredientsuntiljustcombined.Donotovermix.5.Pourbatterintolinedpanandbakefor35-40minutesoruntilinsertedtoothpickcomesoutclean.

Caregiver Tips

• Educateyourself.Learnabouttheroleof thecaregiverandyourlovedone’sillness,medicationsideeffectsandtheillnesstrajectory.Knowledgecanbringafeelingof peace.

• Caregivingisateameffort.Makealistof peoplewhoarecommittedtohelping.Identifythetasks,scheduleandconsiderthetalents,availabilityandtreasuresthatothersmayprovide.Don’tbeafraidtocalluponyourteamwhenneeded.

• Communication is key. Encourage your loved one to share his/her emotions, thoughts, symptoms andchallenges. Be supportive by listening and try to understand through his/her perspective. Having a safe,trustingrelationshiphelpsopendialogue.Apalliativecarecounsellorcanprovideguidanceintothesetypesof conversations.

• Acceptandrollwithchange.Changesmayincludephysicalability,emotionalstatus,appetite,energy,sensory,moodandmotivation.Bereadytoadapt.

• Connectwithothers.Checkouthospicepalliativecareandanyothercaregiverresourcesinyourcommunitythatcanassistyoualongtheway.Welcomebothprofessionalandpalliativecarevolunteersupport.

• Involveyour lovedone. Even if he/shecannotphysicallycommunicate,giveopportunity to involvehim/herbylisteningtoconversations.Thisprovidesasenseof somepersonalcontrolandhelpscommunicationbetweenyou.Maybehe/shecanguideyouonhowtomaketheirfavouritedish.

• Findotherswho“getit”.Beingaroundotherswhohaveexperiencedasimilarsituationcanprovidethekindof supportyoumayneed.ConnectwithaCaregiverSupportGroupatyourlocalhospiceorothercommunityorganizations.

• Largemealsmayneedtobereplacedbysmallsnacksenjoyedthroughouttheday.Largemealsmayproducefeelingsof fullnessandnausea.

• Careshouldfocusonwhatyourlovedoneenjoyenjoyseatingandcanreadilytolerate.Foodandfluidsshouldneitherbeactivelyforcednoractivelywithheld.

• Beintunewithsubtleindicators.Forexample,youmaynoticeachangeinhis/herappetitepost-treatmentsorupontakingcertainmedications.Encourageyourlovedonetohelpyouunderstandwhatisdifferent.Bybetterunderstandingtheirreasoning,youwillbemoreequippedtoremedytheunderlyingcauseforthechange.

• Constipation,weight loss (cachexia) and appetite loss (anorexia) are some of themost common problemsencounteredinpalliativecareandshouldberoutinelyassessed.Offersof smallportionsof nutrientrichfoodsmayhelp.

• Bemindfulof howmedication(i.e.chemodrugs)impactsensitivelytothesmellandtemperatureof food(i.e.holdingcoldbeverages,strongsmellslikefish).

• Focus should be on keeping his/her the mouth clean and moist; to increase comfort and prevent oralcomplications.

• Adrymouthcanbehelpedwithmeasuressuchas oGoodoralhygiene oOfferchewinggum(sugar-free),icecubesandfrozenfruit,suchaspineapple,tosuckon,orsour candiestohelpproducesaliva. oOralbalancegel,drymouthspraysorrinses

• Uncontrollednauseaandvomiting.• Coughingorchokingonfluidsoccurs.Thiscouldmeanthatyourlovedoneneedsadifferenttextureof food.• If yoususpectathrushinfection.Lookforwhitepatchesonthetongue.• Yourlovedonecomplainsof asoremouth,sorethroat,dryscratchythroat,hoarsenessorproblemsswallowing.• If younoticeanyopen,bleedingorpainfulsoresorcutsintheirmouth

• Cookinbatches.Prepareandfreezemealsinsmallcontainers,sotheyareavailablewheneveryouneedthem.• Prepareamixof favourites,comfort/cravingfoods,easytodigest,fun;optionsthatsuitsyourneeds.• Increasecalorie,nutrientandfatcontentif thereisalackof appetite,sothatasmallportionprovidesmaximum

nutrition.• Servesmallerportionsmorefrequentlyratherthanthree largemeals.Serve largerportionswhenenergy is

mostavailable(likelyearlierintheday).• Presentingfoodinapleasantmannerhelpscreateinterest;usegarnish,coloursandaccents.• Servefoodinaninvitingenvironment.Diningwithothersmakeseatingmoreenjoyable.• Trytoavoidprocessedfoods,preservativesandadditivesaswholefoodhasmorenutrients.

Self-care

Body Issues and Nutrition

Oral Care

When you may need to call your health care team

Cooking and Serving Tips