a. a. definition b. b. how to study? 1. 1. microscopy cytology i. i. introduction
TRANSCRIPT
A. DefinitionB. How to Study?1.
Microscopy
Cytology
I. Introduction
a. Light Microscopy (LM)i.
Advantages
Magnification
Resolution
Depth of Field ii. Types
Figure 6.3
b. Electron Microscopy (EM)i.
Advantages
Magnification Resolution Depth of Field
ii. Types TEM SEM
Figure 6.4
2. Cell Fractionalization
a. Technique
Figure 6.5b.
Advantagesi. Whole samples
ii. Specificity
iii. Starting Point
3. Cell Staining
a. Vital Staining
for Contrast
b. Antibody Staining
More Specific Contrast
A. Barriers1. Cell
Walls
II. Parts of a Cell
a. Prokaryotes
a. Prokaryotes
b. Fungi
c. Plants
Figure 5.7
c. Plants
c. Plants
Figure 6.28
2. Cell Membrane
B. Cytosol = Cell Sap
1. Consistency
2. Molecular make-up
like thickening Jell-O
92% is water, 7% protein, and the rest is gases, salts, lipids, and the like dissolved in the water
Representative Animal Cell
Figure 6.9
Representative Plant Cell
Figure 6.9
C. Organelles = Cell Machinery1. Membrane
Bound
a. Nucleus = the keeper of the plans
Envelope, pores, and nucleolus
Figure 6.10
b. Endomembrane System = rER, sER, and Golgi
Figure 6.12
Figure 6.13
c. House cleaners -> Lysosome or Peroxisome
Figure 6.14
d. Energy Transformers = Chloroplast & Mitochondria
Figure 6.18
Figure 6.17
i. Animal Types = Food or Contractileii. Plant Types = Central, Amyloplasts, & Chromoplasts
e. Vacuoles
2. Non-Membrane Bound
a. Cytoskeleton
Figure 6.20
b. Ribosomes
c. Centriole
Figure 6.11
Figure 6.22
D. Cellular Specializations1. Microvilli
2. Cilia
Microvilli = short non-moving membrane extensions to increase cell’s overall surface area
Cilia = long, moving internal cellular extensions to move something across the cell surface.
3. Flagella
Flagella move the entire cell
Figure 6.24
Flagella move the entire cell
Figure 6.25
E. Intercellular Junctions1.
Plants2. Animals
Plants
Animals
Figure 6.28
Figure 4.11
Figure 6.32
Gap Junctions
Desmosomes
F. Extracellular Matrix
Focus on the goal.