9.00 Introduction to Psychology

Talia Konkle1 Mar 07

What do you see?

… When you see it, KEEP IT TO YOURSELF!

Pop Quiz

Review: Vision

Discussion:DEMOS!

Timekeeper?

Logistics:Turn in PapersPeer Editing Guidelines

The Plan for today :

:15

:35

:50

Visual Themes

- our sense of the world is “constructed” from the input

- processing of the world is highly dependent on our visual experience

W. W. Norton

World

Retina

LGN

V1

“What” “Where”

Basic Visual Pathway

Retina

light

rods and cones

bipolar cells

ganglion cells

(optic nerve) parvo

magnoblindspot

W. W. Norton

World

Retina

LGN

V1

“What” “Where”

Basic Visual Pathway

W. W. Norton

World

Retina

LGN

V1

“What” “Where”

Basic Visual Pathway

Where

What

V1

“What vs Where”

Receptive Field

visual field neuron in V1

Retinotopy

Associative Apperceptive

AGNOSIAS

other questions about the lectures?

That’s good and all…

Now show me what it all does!

Color opponency, receptor adaptation

Color opponency, receptor adaptation

The visual system adjusts itself.

• In time.• In space.

• Why does it adjust?– sensitivity and gain?– neural fatigue?– adjustment of priors? (effects in the opposite

direction) – Error correction?

Simultaneous [blur] contrast(adjustment in space)

Face adaptation(adjustment in time)

split class in half for demo…

Face adaptation(adjustment in time)

Face adaptation(adjustment in time)

Sensitivity to ChangesAutomatic Role of context

Cornsweet illusion: changes in luminance

Sensitivity to context

Kaniza triangle

phi

phi

bistable phi

bistable phi

Expectations and beliefs influence visual processing

A stimulus in context

A B C2

4

Only reasonable 3D interpretations come to mind….

Bio motion(Gestalt, or expectations?)

• http://www.biomotionlab.ca/Demos/BMLwalker.html

Change blindness

What does this say about our perception and memory of the

world?

Get Ready…

I’m going to show you a picture

and I want you to remember it!

(you’ll have 3 seconds)

+

Which One Did You See?

A B

C D

Which One Did You See?

A B C D

too close too far

correct answer

Boundary EffectBackground

Intraub and Richardson (1989)Intraub and Bodamer (1993)Intraub (2002)Bertamini (2005)

tenuous perception and representation of our world?

Attention

Visual Search

Search for the red vertical

Pretty easy.

Search for the red vertical

again

Harder?

Guiding attention by color… pretty easy

Guiding attention by color AND orientation, more difficult

one more time, find the red vertical

How do we explain this?feature maps

Multiple object tracking

• Spotlight metaphor of attention.

• Can you split it?

demos

Is the minds eye different than the real eye?

A little on mental imagery

Hemispatial neglect extends to mental imagery

Bisiach and Luzzati (1978)

Insights from the Clinical Neuropsychology

Removal of Primary Visual Cortex leads to…

(Farah 2000)

Reduced visual angle of mental imagery workspace

Imagery and Skill LearningFeltz and Landers, 1983 Meta-analysis of imagery studies in performance benefit

Generally accepted that visualization helps performance, (but not as much as actual practice)

Since then there’s been a hunt for the underlying neural mechanisms …

Putting Imagery: (Tayler and Shaw, 2002)- golfers imagine made or missed puts- missed-putt imagers did worse than no imagery at all!

though…

a little on visual substitution systems

can we use our other modalities to see?

tvss avss

Logistica

1. swap papers

(write email address on it!)

2. handout peer edit guideliens

DUE BY EMAILMONDAY 10pm

Extra slides

CSF

Change blindness.

Change blindness.

Change blindness.