6. etcs-i (electronic throttle control...

ENGINE – 2ZR-FE ENGINE

01ZEG05Y

Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor

Throttle Valve Throttle Position Sensor

Throttle Control Motor

Mass Air Flow Meter

Cruise Control Switch*

Skid Control ECU

CAN (V Bus)

ECMIgnition Coil

Fuel Injector

EG-44

6. ETCS-i (Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent)

General

� The ETCS-i is used, providing excellent throttle control in all the operating ranges.

� The accelerator cable has been discontinued, and an accelerator pedal position sensor has been providedon the accelerator pedal.

� In the conventional throttle body, the throttle valve opening angle is determined invariably by the amountof the accelerator pedal effort. In contrast, the ETCS-i uses the ECM to calculate the optimal throttlevalve opening angle that is appropriate for the respective driving condition and uses a throttle controlmotor to control the opening angle.

� The ETCS-i controls the ISC (Idle Speed Control) system, the TRAC (Traction Control), VSC (VehicleStability Control) system and cruise control system*.

� In case of an abnormal condition, this system switches to the limp mode.

� System Diagram �

*: Models with Cruise Control System


00REG05Y

Throttle Body


Throttle Position Sensor Portion

A

Reduction Gears

View from A

Throttle Valve

Magnetic Yoke

Hall IC (for Throttle Position Sensor)


Cross Section

EG-45

Construction

1) Throttle Position Sensor

The throttle position sensor is mounted on the throttle body to detect the opening angle of the throttlevalve.

2) Throttle Control Motor

A DC motor with excellent response and minimal power consumption is used for the throttle controlmotor. The ECM performs the duty cycle control of the direction and the amperage of the current thatflows to the throttle control motor in order to regulate the opening angle of the throttle valve.

Operation

1) General

The ECM drives the throttle control motor by determining the target throttle valve opening angle inaccordance with the respective operating condition.

� Non-linear Control

� Idle Speed Control

� TRAC Throttle Control

� VSC Coordination Control

� Cruise Control*



005EG13Y

: With Control: Without Control

Vehicle’s Longitudinal G

Throttle Valve Opening Angle

Accelerator Pedal Depressed Angle

�

0

�

0

�

0Time �

EG-46

2) Non-linear Control

The ECM controls the throttle valve to an optimal opening angle that is appropriate for the drivingcondition such as the amount of the accelerator pedal effort and the engine speed in order to realizeexcellent throttle control and comfort in all operating ranges.

� Control Examples During Acceleration and Deceleration �

3) Idle Speed Control

The ECM controls the throttle valve in order to constantly maintain an ideal idle speed.

4) TRAC Throttle Control

As part of TRAC system, the throttle valve is closed by a request signal from the skid control ECU if anexcessive amount of slippage is created at a driving wheel, thus it facilitates the vehicle in ensuringstability and driving force.

5) VSC Coordination Control

In order to bring the effectiveness of the VSC system control into full play, the throttle valve openingangle is controlled by effecting a coordination control with the skid control ECU.

6) Cruise Control*

An ECM with an integrated cruise control ECU directly actuates the throttle valve for operation of thecruise control.



199EG45

ECM


MainSub

Accelerator Pedal

Open

MainSub

Throttle Valve Return Spring


Throttle Body

Throttle Position Sensor

199EG46

ECM


MainSub

Accelerator Pedal

Close by Return Spring

MainSub




Throttle Body

EG-47

Fail-safe of Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor

� The accelerator pedal position sensor is comprised of two (main, sub) sensor circuits. If a malfunctionoccurs in either one of the sensor circuits, the ECM detects the abnormal signal by voltage differencebetween these two sensor circuits and switches to the limp mode. In the limp mode, the remaining circuitis used to calculate the accelerator pedal depressed angle, in order to operate the vehicle under limp modecontrol.

� If both circuits have a malfunction, the ECM detects the abnormal signal by voltage from these twosensor circuits and discontinues the throttle control. At this time, the vehicle can be driven within itsidling range.


199EG47

Fuel Injectors ECM Ignition Coil


MainSub

Accelerator Pedal

Return to Prescribed Angle

MainSub




Throttle Body

EG-48

Fail-safe of Throttle Position Sensor

� The throttle position sensor is comprised of two (main, sub) sensor circuits. If a malfunction occurs ineither one or both of the sensor circuits, the ECM detects the abnormal signal by voltage differencebetween these two sensor circuits, cuts off the current to the throttle control motor, and switches to thelimp mode. Then, the force of the return spring causes the throttle valve to return and stay at the prescribedopening angle. At this time, the vehicle can be driven in the limp mode while the engine output isregulated through the control of the fuel injection (intermittent fuel-cut) and ignition timing inaccordance with the accelerator opening.

� The same control as above is effected if the ECM detects a malfunction in the throttle control motorsystem.


04FEG114Y

Exhaust Camshaft Timing OCV*Intake Camshaft Timing OCV*

Exhaust Camshaft Position Sensor

Intake Camshaft Position Sensor

Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor

ECM

� Mass Air Flow Meter

� Throttle Position Sensor

Crankshaft Position Sensor

*: Oil Control Valve

221EG16

ECM

Crankshaft Position Sensor

Mass Air Flow Meter


Engine Coolant Temp. Sensor

Camshaft Position Sensors

Vehicle Speed Signal

Target Valve Timing

Feedback

Correction

Actual Valve Timing

Duty CycleControl

Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valves

EG-49

7. Dual VVT-i (Variable Valve Timing-intelligent) System

General

� The Dual VVT-i system is designed to control the intake and exhaust camshafts within a range of 55�

and 40� respectively (of Crankshaft Angle) to provide valve timing that is optimally suited to the enginecondition. This improves torque in all the speed ranges as well as increasing fuel economy, and reducingexhaust emissions.

� Using the engine speed, intake air mass, throttle position and engine coolant temperature, the ECM cancalculate optimal valve timing for each driving condition and controls the camshaft timing oil controlvalve. In addition, the ECM uses signals from the camshaft position sensor and the crankshaft positionsensor to detect the actual valve timing, thus providing feedback control to achieve the target valvetiming.


281EG42

281EG43

281EG44

281EG45

281EG46

281EG42

281EG42

TDC

BDC

EX IN

EX IN

EX IN

EX IN

EX IN

EX IN

EX IN

Most Retarded

To Retarded Side

To Advanced Side

To Advanced Side

To Retarded Side

Most Retarded

EG-50

Effectiveness of Dual VVT-i System

Operation State Objective Effect

During IdlingEliminating overlap toreduce blow back to theintake side

� Stabilized idle speed� Better fuel economy

At Light LoadEliminating overlap toreduce blow back to theintake side

Ensured engine stability

At Medium LoadIncreasing overlap toincrease internal EGR toreduce pumping loss

� Better fuel economy� Improved emission

control

In Low to MediumSpeed Range withHeavy Load

Advancing the intakevalve close timing forvolumetric efficiencyimprovement

Improved torque in lowto medium speed range

In High SpeedRange with HeavyLoad

Retarding the intakevalve close timing forvolumetric efficiencyimprovement

Improved output

At LowTemperatures

Eliminating overlap toreduce blow back to theintake side leads to thelean burning condition,and stabilizes the idlingspeed at fast idle

� Stabilized idle speed� Better fuel economy

� Upon Starting� Stopping the

Engine

Eliminating overlap tominimize blow back tothe intake side

Improved startability


04FEG107Y

Housing

Vane (Fixed on Intake Camshaft)

Lock Pin

Sprocket

Intake Camshaft

At a Stop In Operation

Oil Pressure

Lock Pin

04FEG108Y

HousingLock Pin

Sprocket

Advance Assist Spring

Vane (Fixed on Exhaust Camshaft)

Exhaust Camshaft

EG-51

Construction

1) VVT-i Controller

� Each controller consists of the housing driven from the timing chain and the vane coupled with theintake or exhaust camshaft.

� Both the intake and exhaust sides have a four-blade vane.

� The oil pressure sent from the advanced or retarded side path at the intake and exhaust camshaftscauses rotation in the VVT-i controller vane circumferential direction to vary the intake and exhaustvalve timing continuously.

� When the engine is stopped, a lock pin locks the intake camshaft at the most retarded end and theexhaust camshaft at the most advanced end, to ensure that the engine starts properly.

� An advance assist spring is provided on the exhaust side VVT-i controller. This spring applies torquein the advance direction when the engine is stopped, thus ensuring the engagement of the lock pin.

� Intake Side VVT-i Controller �

� Exhaust Side VVT-i Controller �


04FEG97Y

To VVT-i Controller (Advanced Side)

Spring

SleeveDrain

Oil Pressure

Drain

Spool Valve

Coil Plunger

To VVT-i Controller (Retarded Side)

04FEG115Y



Drain Drain

Oil Pressure

EG-52

2) Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve

This camshaft timing oil control valve controls the spool valve using duty cycle control from the ECM.This allows hydraulic pressure to be applied to the VVT-i controller advanced or retarded side. Whenthe engine is stopped, the camshaft timing oil control valve (intake) will move to the most retardedposition, and the camshaft timing oil control valve (exhaust) will move to the advance position.

� Intake Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve �

� Exhaust Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve �


04FEG109Y

Vane

Rotation DirectionOil Pressure

ECM

IN Drain

04FEG110Y

Vane


ECM

Drain IN

EG-53

Operation

1) Advance

When the camshaft timing oil control valve is positioned as illustrated below by the advance signals fromthe ECM, the resultant oil pressure is applied to the timing advance side vane chamber to rotate thecamshaft in the timing advance direction.

� Intake Side �

� Exhaust Side �


04FEG111Y

Vane


ECM

Drain IN

04FEG167Y

Vane

Rotation Direction Oil Pressure

ECM

IN Drain

EG-54

2) Retard

When the camshaft timing oil control valve is positioned as illustrated below by the retard signals fromthe ECM, the resultant oil pressure is applied to the timing retard side vane chamber to rotate the camshaftin the timing retard direction.

� Intake Side �

� Exhaust Side �

3) Hold

After reaching the target timing, the valve timing is held by keeping the camshaft timing oil control valvein the neutral position unless the traveling state changes.This adjusts the valve timing at the desired target position and prevents the engine oil from running outwhen it is unnecessary.


04FEG24Y

Front AirbagSensors (RH and LH)

Airbag Sensor Assembly

CAN (V Bus)

ECM

Circuit Opening Relay

From Battery

Curtain Shield Airbag Sensor Assembly (RH and LH)*

Side Airbag Sensor Assembly(RH and LH)*

Fuel Pump Motor

EG-55

8. Fuel Pump Control

A fuel cut control is used to stop the fuel pump when the airbag is deployed in the front or side collision. Inthis system, the airbag deployment signal from the airbag sensor assembly is detected by the ECM, and itturns OFF the circuit opening relay.After the fuel cut control has been activated, turning the ignition switch from OFF to ON cancels the fuel cutcontrol, and the engine can be restarted.

*: Models with Side and Curtain Shield Airbags

6. etcs-i (electronic throttle control...

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