ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

ETCS-111

TUTORIAL FILE

Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, PSP Area,

Sector – 22, Rohini, Delhi – 110085

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computer

Today’s world is an information-rich world and it has become a necessity for everyone to know

about computers. Purpose of this subject is to introduce you about computer and its

fundamentals.

The Computer Fundamentals covers a foundational understanding of computer hardware,

software, operating systems, peripherals , networking basics, DBMS etc. along with how to get

the most value and impact from computer technology. After completing this you will find yourself

at a moderate level of expertise in knowledge of computer basics from where you can take

yourself to next levels.

Professions and organizations

As the use of computers has spread throughout society, there are an increasing number of

careers involving computers.

Computer-related professions

1. Hardware-related :- Electrical engineering, , Computerengineering, Telecommunications

engineering, Optical engineering, Nano engineering, Electronic engineering.

2. Software-related :- Computer science, Computer engineering, Desktop

publishing, Human–computer interaction, Information technology, Information

systems, Computational science, Software engineering, Video game industry, Web design

Organizations

1. Standards groups :- ANSI, IEC, IEEE, IETF, ISO, W3C

2. Professional societies:- ACM, AIS, IET, IFIP, BCS

3. Free/open source software groups :- Free Software Foundation, Mozilla

Foundation, Apache Software Foundation

Following list demonstrates various applications of computers in today's arena.

Business

Computer is used in business organisations for:

Payroll calculations

Budgeting

Sales analysis

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Banking

Banks provide following facilities:

Banks provide online accounting facility, which includes current balances, deposits,

overdrafts, interest charges, shares, and trustee records.

ATM machines are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks.

Insurance

Insurance companies are maintaining a database of all clients with information showing

procedure to continue with policies

starting date of the policies

next due installment of a policy

maturity date

interests due

survival benefits

bonus

Education

The computer has provided a lot of facilities in the education system.

The computer provides a tool in the education system known as CBE (Computer Based

Education).

CBE involves control, delivery, and evaluation of learning.

The computer education is rapidly increasing the graph of number of computer students.

There are number of methods in which educational institutions can use computer to

educate the students.

It is used to prepare a database about performance of a student and analysis is carried

out on this basis.

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Marketing

In marketing, uses of computer are following:

Advertising - With computers, advertising professionals create art and graphics, write

and revise copy, and print and disseminate ads with the goal of selling more products.

At Home Shopping - Home shopping has been made possible through use of

computerised catalogues that provide access to product information and permit direct

entry of orders to be filled by the customers.

Health Care

Some major fields of health care in which computers are used are:

Diagnostic System - Computers are used to collect data and identify cause of illness.

Lab-diagnostic System - All tests can be done and reports are prepared by computer.

Patient Monitoring System - These are used to check patient's signs for abnormality

such as in Cardiac Arrest, ECG etc.

Pharma Information System - Computer checks Drug-Labels, Expiry dates, harmful

drug’s side effects etc.

Surgery : Nowadays, computers are also used in performing surgery.

Engineering Design

One of major areas is CAD (Computer aided design). That provides creation and modification of

images. Some fields are:

Structural Engineering - Requires stress and strain analysis for design of Ships,

Buildings, Budgets, Airplanes etc.

Industrial Engineering - Computers deal with design, implementation and improvement

of integrated systems of people, materials and equipments.

Architectural Engineering - Computers help in planning towns, designing buildings,

determining a range of buildings on a site using both 2D and 3D drawings

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Military

Computers are largely used in defence. Modern tanks, missiles, weapons etc. Military also

employs computerised control systems. Some military areas where a computer has been used

are:

Missile Control

Military Communication

Military Operation and Planning

Smart Weapons

Communication

Communication means to convey a message, an idea, a picture or speech that is received and

understood clearly and correctly by the person for whom it is meant for. Some main areas in this

category are:

E-mail

Chatting

Usenet

FTP

Telnet

Video-conferencing

Government

Computers play an important role in government. Some major fields in this category are:

Budgets

Sales tax department

Income tax department

Male/Female ratio

Computerization of voters lists

Computerization of driving licensing system

Computerization of PAN card

Weather forecasting

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Unit-1

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

1. Define the following

a. Hardware b. Software c. Memory

2. Explain types of computer.

3. Draw block diagram of computer?

4. What is flash memory?

5. Difference between volatile and non volatile memory?

6. 1. Which of the following devices have a limitation that we can only store

information to it but cannot erase or modify it?

Floppy Disk

Hard Disk

Tape Drive

CDROM

6.2. A high quality CAD system uses the following for printing drawing and graphs

Dot matrix printer

Digital plotter

Line printer

All of the above

6.3. Which is the limitation of high level language?

Lower efficiency

Machine dependence

machine level coding

None of above

6.4. When was vacuum tube invented?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

1900

1906

1910

1880

6.5. Which of the following produces the best quality graphics reproduction?

Laser printer

Ink jet printer

Plotter

Dot matrix printer

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Unit-2

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

1. What is an operating system ? Give four functions of operating systems

2. What is spooling and what is the use of it in Batch operating system

3. What is the difference between multiprogramming and multiprocessing

4. What is DOS?

5. What is the difference between UNIX, LINUX AND DOS?

6. Define the CHKDSK DOS Command?

7. Differentiate between DOS and window OS?

8. Difference between internal and external commands of DOS?

9.(a) Which is an internal command?

a. Scandisk

b. XCOPY

c. Deltree

d. None of the above

(b). Any files deleted in Windows goes into

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

a. Trash can

b. Recycle bin

c. Deleted Files

d. None of above

(c). Which command is used to delete all the files from root directory of drive A?

a. Del a:\

b. Del *.*

c. Del A

d. Erase *

(d). Which command used to delete all files from current directory?

a. Del

b. Deltree/y *

c. Del *.*

d. All of the above

(e). Which of the following is a disk compression tool?

a. Drive space

b. Scandisk

c. Defragmenter

d. None of the above

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Unit-3

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. What is flowchart?

Q2. Differentiate between impact and non-impact printer?

Q3. what is MICR?

Q4. What is cache memory ? how it is different from primary memory?

Q5. Difference between analog and digital computer?

Q 6.1A computer Program that translates one program instruction at a time into

machine language is called a/an

Interpreter

CPU

Compiler

Simulator

6.2. A kind of serial dot-matrix printer that forms characters with magnetically-

charged ink sprayed dots is called

Laser printer

Ink-jet printer

Drum printer

Chan printer

6.3. An integrated circuit is

A complicated circuit

An integrating device

Much costlier than a single transistor

Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip

6.4. Which computer memory is used for storing programs and data currently being

processed by the CPU?

Mass memory

Internal memory

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Non-volatile memory

PROM

6.5. FORTRAN is a programming language. What does FORTRAN stand for?

File Translation

Format Translation

Formula Translation

Floppy Translation

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Unit-4

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

1. Explain the concept of mail merge using Libre office .

2. Explain steps for creating power point presentation using Libre/open office

writer.

3. Explain Templates, exel sheet creation steps using Libre/open office

writer

4. Difference between Libre office and MS-word?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Define following

a. compiler b. interpreter c. assembler d. linker e. loader

Q2. Difference between low level language and high level language?

Q3. Difference between C and C++?

Q4. Difference between application software and system software?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Write the difference between internal and external DOS commands?

Q2. Explain any five basic DOS commands. Write Syntax also?

Q3. Differentiate between WINDOWS 2000 and WINDOWS NT?

Q4. Explain WINDOWS NT Architecture?

Q5. How Disk partitioning is different form disk formatting?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Explain various features of Linux?

Q2. Differentiate between Windows and Linux?

Q3. Explain Linux Architecture?

Q4. List five commands of Linux to compare the two Files?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Explain various features of Linux?

Q2. Differentiate between Windows and Linux?

Q3. Explain Linux Architecture?

Q4. List five commands of Linux to compare the two Files? (i)Interactive (ii)Network (iii) Distributed

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Compare FTP and HTTP?

Q2. What is Client server system and why it is better?

Q3. Define LAN and WAN?

Q4. What are the various types of transmission media?

Q5. What is TCP/IP protocol?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. What is semantic gap?

Q2. What is Round Trip Time?

Q3. Define the terms Unicasting, Multiccasting and Broadcasting?

Q4. What is Multiplexing?

Q5. Name the categories of Multiplexing?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. Define Network?

Q2. What is a Link?

Q3. What is a node?

Q4. What is a gateway or Router?

Q5. What is point-point link?

Q6. What is Multiple Access?

Q7. What are the advantages of Distributed Processing?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. What are the criteria necessary for an effective and efficient network?

Q2. Name the factors that affect the performance of the network?

Q3. Name the factors that affect the reliability of the network?

Q4. Name the factors that affect the security of the network?

Q5. What is Protocol?

ETCS-111 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING

Maharaja Agrasen Institute Of Technology

Fundamentals of Computing (ETCS-111)

Q1. What are the key elements of protocols?

Q2. What are the key design issues of a computer Network?

Q3. Define Bandwidth and Latency?

Q4. What is a peer-peer process

Q 5. Write the difference between WINDOWS 2000 and WINDOWS XP?

Q 6.How the Partitioning of Hard Disk is done?

Q 7.Formatting of external disk is important. Why? What is Formatting?