B. Tech.lOdd2011-12/Reg

Figures in the margin indicate marks for respective questions.

(d) pH

(e) buffer

(b) What are the differences between saturated and unsaturatedfarty acids?

( 2 )(c) What are the advantages of using triacylglycerolsas stored

fonns of energy?

(d) Write a short note on 'waxes'. 2+3+2+3

4. (a) Define the following: amino acids, peptides and proteins,

(b) Classify amino acids based on the properties of the sidechains. Give at least two examples in each case.

(c) What are unconunon amino acids? Give an example.

(d) Show how amino acids can act as both, acids and bases.2+5+1+2

5. (a) Define primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternary structuresof protein.

(b) Describe the salient features of p -sheet and p -turn.

(c) Differentiate between fibrous and globular proteins. Giveexamples in each case. 3+5+2

6. (a) Define the following: ground state, transition state, activationenergy and binding energy.

(b) Derive Michaelis-Menten equation to show the relationshipbetween substrate concentration and rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

4+67. (a) Differentiate between reversible and irreversible enzyme

inhibitors.

(b) What are regulatory enzymes.?

(c) What is feed-back inhibition?

(d) Diagrammatically show how phosphate groups can affect thestructure and catalytic activity of proteins highlighting a specific example.

2+2+2+48. (a) Differentiate DNA and RNA.

(b) What are the salient features of DNA double helix asdescribed by Watson and Crick?

W/5/14·80 (3)

(c) What is Cot analysis? Explain Cot curve. 2+4+4

9. (a) Give the working principle of Sanger's method of DNA-sequencing.

(b) Name the reagents that are used in Sanger's and Edmandegradation methods of protein sequencing, respectively.

(c) Show how disulphide bonds of proteins can be irreversiblybroken using appropriate reagents. 4+3+ 3

10. (a) What is spectroscopy?

(b) What is Beer-Lambert law?

(c) Write a short note on anyone of the following :

(I) X-my crystallography

(n) Electron microscopy.

B. Tech.lOdd20 11-12/Reg.

2011-12

NETIVORK ANALYstS AND SYNTHESIS

EE - 301

The jigures in the margin iniIicdtefull markS.

Answer any jive questions.

1. (a) In the network shown in fig l(a), determine the values of Rand C so that maximum power is absorbed by R and also determinethe power. The signal frequency is ill= 200radlsec.

-SA ~

+

Fig2(a)

(b) Draw the grap ofl a et~~r~ shown .in .fig 2(?) andfqrmulate the f-cut-set matrix. rire uilibnum equation m matIix formin node basis.

(b) In the circuit shown in fig 3(b) the switch is on PQsition 'a~and the circuit becomes steady state condition. The switch is moved toposition 'b' at t = O. Find V (t).

-+flV

b

tV8F -L

11'

(c) In the network shown in fig 3(c) the switch is closed at t = 0and there is no initial charge on either of the capacitors. Find 11(t).

+lOOV

4. (a) For the circuit in fig 4(a) fmd V for t> 0 if (i) Vg =4u(t)and (ii) the steady state value of V if Vg = 4 cos ot V and the output

tenninals are loaded with resistor of 80.

h +

'6. (a) Define stability of a ~stem. Explain the relationship betweenpo~ posHioQ,WId stability.

(b) Find the transfer function (V2 / ~) of the network shown in,.tl!efig 6(b). Also sketch polezero configuration.

V\lQ

( 8 )(c) Write the necessary conditions for transfer function. 6+6+2

2s2 +57. (a) Determine the function, Z(s) = S(S2+ 1) is a JX>sitivereal or ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS AND MEASURING

INSTRUMENTS - I

(b) Diagnose whether the impedance function,

Z(s) = (s+4)(s+6(s+3)(s+5) represents a RL or RC network and find its first

Cauer form.

(c) Identify whether the impedance function,

s(s2+4) . .Z( s) = 2 (S2+ 1)(S2+9) ~presents a LC, RL or RC network and realize

it in both Foster form. 2+6+6

8. (a) Defme m-derived filter. Derive all the characteristics ofconstant K low pass filter.

(b) Find the component values of n-network constant K high-pass filter having cut-off frequency of 8 kHz and nominal characteristicimpedance of 6000. Hence, find its characteristic impedance and phaseconstant at f= 12 kHz and attenuation at f= 0.8kHz. 7+7

Th figures in the margin indicate full marks.

All parts of any question should be answered at one place.Use separate scripts fOf Group-A and Group-B.

Gltoup-A

Question No.1 is compulsory and a1)swer any twofrom the rest.

1. (i) A capacitor having a capacitance of 2.5 IlF is chargedto a potential difference of 450 volts. The capacitor is disconnectedfrom the supply and the reading on an electrostatic voltmeter inparallel with the capacitor is observed to fall to 280 volts in 15.2minutes. The test is repeated with a resistance R in parallel with thecapacitor and the voltmeter. The voltmeters reading are now foundto fall from 450 volts to 280 volts in 10.8 minutes. Calculate thevalue of R.

(ii) In a test by Murray loop for ground fault on 1,000metres of cable having a resistance ofl.6 Oper km, the faulty cableis looped with a sound cable ofthe same length and cross-section.If the ratio of the other two arms of testing network at balance arein 3: 1, calculate the distance of the fault from the testing end ofthe cable.

(iii) Write some advantages and disadvantages ofPMMCinstrument. 6+6+ 3= 15

2. (i) Define: (a) Precision (b) Static Sensitivity.

(ii) Explain with (l n at sketch, how a moving Ironinstrument works.

(iii) Why secondary of current transformer should not beept open-circuited? 4+4+2=1 0

(iii) In a gra ity contr lied instrument, the controllingweight is 0.005 kg and acts at a distance of2.4 cm from the axis ofthe moving sy tern. Determine the deflection in degreecorresponding to deflecting torque of 1.05x 10- 4kg-m.

(1+1)+ 6+2=10

5. Write short notes on any two from the following: 5x2=1 0

(i) Eddy current damping

(ii) Megger

(iii) Fluid friction damping.

3. (i) Differentiate between current transformer andpotential transformer.

(ii) Define: (a) Ratio correction factor (b) Nominal ratio.

(iii) A moving coil instrument gives a full scale deflectionfor a current of 20m A with a potentia} difference of200 mV acrossit. Calculate (a) Shunt required to use it as an ammeter to get arange of 0-200 A (b) Multiplier required to use it as voltmeter ofrange 0-500 Volts.

GRoup-B

Question No.6 is compulsory and attempt any threefrom the rest.

(iv) The inductance of a moving iron ammeter is given bythe expression: L "- (12+5 e - 2 62) l-LH, where 6 is the angulardeflection in radian from zero position. Determine (a) The springconstant (b) The angular deflection in radians for a current oflOA if the deflection for a current of lOA is 30°. 2+2+2+4= 10

(a) Why thin wired heating element is preferred forthermocouple type voltmeters?

(b) What is the main disadvantage for insulated hot junctionthermocouple type instruments?

(c) What kind of diode is suitable for rectifier typevoltmeters?

4. (i) Describe with the help of neat diagram, the loss ofcharge method to determine the insulation resistance of a shortlength of cable and derive an expression for determination ofinsulation resistance.

(d) Why the moving system of a ballistic galvanometerhaving high inertia?

(e) What is the source of frequency error in the case ofelectrodynamometer type instrument?

(f) What type of voltmeter is preferred forthe measurementof DC voltage above 20kV?

(ii) A fOUfterminal resistance of approximately 50 l-LQ

was measured with the help of Kelvin double bridge under thefollowing condition:

Value of standard resistance 100.03 l-LQ, resistance ofinner ratio arms 200.62 f,lQ and 400 n, resistance of outer ratioarms 200.48 f,lQ and 400 n, the resistance of link connecting thestandard to unknown resistance is 700 l-LQ. Calcu late the magnitudeof unknown resistance.

7. (a) Compare thermocouple type instruments with rectifiertype instruments.

(b) An AC current, when measured by a rectifier typeammeter gives reading of31 A. but when same current is measuredby a thermocouple type ammeter gives 34.4 A. Whether the metersare correct? Justify your answer.

(c) A moving coil type ammeter, a thermocouple typeammeter and a resistance of 100 Ohm is connected in series witha rectifier. Ifthe forward bias ~nd reverse bias resistance of therectifier is 100 Ohm and 500 Ohm respectively, then calculate thereading on the two ammeters. Consider the supply voltageof200 V. 3+3+4=10

(c) Derive the expression for the deflecting torque of aDynamometer type moving coil instrument, also state how it canb used for the measurement of A current. 3+3+4= 10

10. (a) At electrostatic oftmeter having full scale deflectionof90 deg. at 2500 V. The torsion constant for controlling spring is1 x 10-7 Nm/deg. and capacitance at 0 deg. is 12 pF. Determinecapacitance at full scale.

8. (a) Derive the equation of motion of the vibrationgalvanometer.

(b) A Crompton's potentiometer consists of a resistancedial having 15 steps of 10 Q each and a series connected slide wireof Ion which is divided into 100 divisions. If the working currentof the potentiometer is 10 mA and each division of slide wire canbe read accurately up to 15th of its span, calculate the resolutionof the potentiometer in volt.

(c) The following readings were obtained duringmeasurement of inductance of a coil on an AC potentiometer:

Voltage drop across 0.10 standard resistor connected in serieswith the coil = 0.613 L 2° 6' V.

Voltage across the test coil through a 100: 1 volt-ratio box =0.781 L 50° 48' V.

Frequency 50 Hz.

Determine the value of the inductance of the coil.3+3+4=10

(b) A dynamometer type wattmeter is connected acrosstoo V, 50 Hz supply with a load of 5 A, zero power factor. Theinductance and resistance of pressure coil are 5mH and 300 Ohmrespectively. If the voltage drop in the current coil of the wattmeteris negligible then calculate the percent error in the reading ofwattmeter for full scale of 500 Watt. 5+5 = 10

9. (a) Derive an expression for the deflection of a BallisticGalvanometer. How it can be used for the measurement ofcurrent?

(b) Calculate the ratio of sensitivity for fundamental tothird harmonic for A vibration galvanometer tuned to a frequencyof 50Hz. The parameters for the galvanometer are as, follows :Inertia constant = O.012kg-m2 and damping constant = 0.028Nm/rad.s-1•

correspon?ing to full-load current. At VIcurrent wdl the maximum efficieney be 11

(c) What is an auto transformer ?Derlv;'·~the saving of copper in an autotra.fu:ifo:an equivalent two winding transfo

3. (a) What are the conditions fo~par.si~gle phase transformers? 'J,.W'osingl~th eq~ turns ha"e impedances ~f (Jl0)n~th respect to the second~. Ifilldetennme how they will share tdts110adlagging. 'I' '

if IIII

(b) Define "VectQr Group" ortransr~~rle~connections. 1

~(c) Expl~ what will happen if th~ ~secondary lme voltages of two three-phnetted in parallel is not same.

I!. "'14. (a) Explain with the help ofconnection and

how Soott-connections are used to obtam;from three-phase supply mains.

(b) Scott-connected transformers supply:' f

loads at 80 V. The loads across tlte te:a~secondaries are 200 kW and 300 kW repower factor. For a 3-phase input voI~e' brthe line currents on the three-phase side I II

, I!'

(c) :n which side of a transfonuer,.the tapiprOVided ? State the reasons, I

" I) 11/1/

5. (a) Derive the emf equat~on of a d~gfu1~!i~• pI/if'

(b) Explam armature reaction in 11 de I

how cross-magnetizing and deIl1ag'hetWi.n~t'i1t ','t !. 11

(b) What are the factors that affect theAlso,explain how the speed can bebelow the normal speed.

Th figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Answer any five questions.

Answer all the parts of a question at one place.

1. (il From Basics, define a "Machine". Give examples. '5

(ii) Mention the similarities and dissimilarHies between"Static" machines and "Dynamic~' machines. 5

(Hi)A 6-po-Ie,2-circuit, wave connected armature has 250conductors and runs at l200rpm. The electromotive force generatedon open- circuit is 600 V. Find the useful flux per pole. 4

2. (i) Which types of electrical generators are used inAeroplanes and why? Describe. 5

Oi) What do you mean by the term "constant speed drive"?Explain. 5

(Hi) DC shunt machine, connected 250 V mains, has anannature res-istance (including brushes) of 0.12 ohm, and theresistance of the field circuit is 120 ohms. Find the speed as amotor. The line current is 80 A. 4

3. fil Draw the complexor diagrams of a single phasetransformer under N{)-load and Full-load condition . Also explainfh cmupIe.xo iagrams. '"""""='''''''''''"",",,,. 4±-4=8

(ii) "HydeI alternators are tow speed machines but turboalternators are high speed machines" - explain the above statement.

4+4=8

(Hi) What do you mean by the term "SynchronousReactance" of a 3~phase alternator? 3

(iii)An 11500f2300·:Y~...2 winding.transibrmel\ It' th~, ts~rie&to furm a.na"to- ttlln$foa(nd output?'

of a 3", phaseble'~ZOnes of'\'\ 2+2+2=6