335 coflexip

FLEXIBLE STEEL PIPES FOR DRILLING ANDSERVICE APPLICATIONS

USER’S GUIDERevision 4th July 2002

COFLEXIP DRILLING, REFININGAND ONSHORE DIVISION

OFFSHORE BRANCH

GENERAL INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1. DESCRIPTION OF A COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.1 DESIGN OF FLEXIBLE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.2 NACE COMPATIBILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.3 END-FITTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.3.1 . . . Protection against corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.3.2 . . . Connectors/Cross-overs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.3.3 . . . Terminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.3.4 . . . Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.3.5 . . . Handling collar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1.4 ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1.4.1 . . . Bend stiffener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1.4.2 . . . Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1.4.3 . . . Fire cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5 FLEXIBLE PIPE STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5.1 . . . Thermoplastic inner liner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5.2 . . . Interlocked "Zeta" layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5.3 . . . Metallic reinforcement of the Zeta layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5.4 . . . Intermediate thermoplastic sheath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5.5 . . . Double cross-wound steel armour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.5.6 . . . Thermoplastic outer sheath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.5.7 . . . Fire resistant layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.5.8 . . . Stainless steel outer-wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.6 MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.7 FAILURE MODES OF COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

2. GENERAL GUIDELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.1 STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.2 HANDLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3 INSTALLATION - CONNECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

2.4 WELDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

3. OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

3.1 FLUIDS TO BE TRANSPORTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

3.1.1 . . . Chemical compatibility of standard temperature rated lines . . . . . . . .16

3.1.2 . . . Chemical compatibility of high temperature rated lines . . . . . . . . . . .17

3.1.3 . . . Exposure of high temperature rated lines to C02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

3.1.4 . . . Chemical compatibility of acid (HDPE) lines (former design) . . . . . . . .18

3.1.5 . . . Sour service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

3.1.6 . . . Flow rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

CONTENTS

3.2 TEMPERATURE RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.2.1 . . . Standard temperature rated line (-20°C to + 100°C / -4°F to + 212°F) . .19

3.2.2 . . . High temperature rated Line (-20°C to +130°C / -4°F to +266°F) . . .19

3.2.3 . . . Acidizing/fracturing lines (- 20°C to + 65°C / - 4°F to + 149°F) . . . . .20

3.3 PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3.3.1 . . . Rated working pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3.3.2 . . . OEM test pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

4. LIFETIME OF DRILLING AND SERVICE APPLICATION FLEXIBLE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

5. REPAIR OF FLEXIBLE LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

6. INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

6.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

6.2 ROUTINE VISUAL INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

6.2.1 . . . External inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

6.2.2 . . . Internal inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

6.3 FULL INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

6.4 MANUFACTURER'S INSPECTION - MAJOR SURVEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

6.5 FIELD PRESSURE TESTING (OPTIONAL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

6.6 FULL PRESSURE TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

6.7 RECORDING OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

6.8 PERIODICITY OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

6.9 UNUSED LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

6.10 BEND TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

7. CHOKE AND KILL LINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

7.1 DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

7.1.1 . . . Cement Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

7.2 SOUR SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

7.3 COMPLETION FLUIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.4 VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5.1 . . . After installation pressure test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5.2 . . . Routine visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5.3 . . . Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5.4 . . . Manufacturer's inspection - major survey (Section 6 - Para. 6.4) . . . . .28

7.5.5 . . . Field pressure testing (optional) (Section 6 - Para. 6.5) . . . . . . . . . . . .28

7.5.6 . . . Subsea (BOP stack) Choke and Kill lines: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

8. TEST LINE APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

8.1 "DST" AND "PTL" LINES DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

8.2 SOUR SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

8.3 VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30



8.4.2 . . . Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2) . . . . . . . . . . .30

8.4.3 . . . Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

8.4.4 . . . Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (Section 6 - Para 6.4) . . . . .30

9. ACIDIZING AND FRACTURING LINE APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.1 DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.1.1 . . . Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.1.2 . . . Well service operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.1.3 . . . Dynamic operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.1.4 . . . Static operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

9.2 SOUR SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

9.3 VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32


9.4.1 . . . Flushing of the lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

9.4.2 . . . Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para. 6.2) . . . . . . . . . .32


9.4.4 . . . Full inspection (section 6 - para. 6.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

9.4.5 . . . Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (section 6 - Para. 6.4) . . . . .32

10. DRAG CHAIN OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

10.1 DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33


10.2.1 . . After platform installation and hook up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

10.2.2 . . Routine visual inspection (section 6 Para. 6.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

10.2.3 . . Yearly test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

11. SUMMARY OF INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

5

This copy of the "Coflexip DRILLING AND SERVICE APPLICATIONS USER'S GUIDE"(hereinafter referred to as “the Guide”) is revision 4 of the guide originally issued in1989 revised in September 1990, and 1993.

The main differences from revision 3 are an up-date of the product characteristics andcompatibility charts made possible by the on-going tests performed as part of the Coflexippolicy of continual research into the safe application of flexible pipes.

Coflexip recognises the fact that the majority of our clients have used Coflexip drillingapplication products for many years and have therefore built up a great deal ofexperience in their use. It follows therefore that much of the information contained in thisGuide is intended primarily for those clients who are not familiar with the use of Coflexipproducts

For the purpose of this document, “End User” shall mean a person, acompany, its and their co-contractors, co-lessees and joint ventures, its andtheir contractors and subcontractors of any tier, its and their respectiveaffiliates, and its and their respective officers and employees, includingagency personnel (but shall not include any member of the Technip-CoflexipGroup), who purchase, transport, handle, package, use or work with theCoflexip products as described in this Guide.

Coflexip relies on the feedback of all End Users to ensure the continued reliability of ourproducts and to act as the basis for research into the flexible pipes of the future. Wetherefore welcome any comments on both the flexible pipes themselves and User's Guidessuch as this guide specifically written for Drilling and Service Applications.

In producing the Guide, we have attempted to cover all aspects of both the design andsafe use of our drilling and service application flexibles in normal, current applications.We are always available to answer questions from End Users. Any questions should bedirected towards your local Coflexip office listed in the last chapter of the Guide.

COFLEXIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATION ON WARRANTY IN CONNECTIONWITH ITS DRILLING APPLICATION PRODUCTS SAVE AS EXPRESSLY AGREEDWITH THE END USER(S) IN A DOCUMENT EXECUTED BY COFLEXIP AND THEEND USER.

All information and data contained herein are subject to change without further notice,and are to be considered as RECOMMENDATIONS in general or INSTRUCTIONS (whenstated in the text) by the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) only.

This document can be viewed and downloaded from our website at :

http://www.coflexip.com/pdf/users_guide.pdf

This paragraph will discuss the construction of a typical Coflexip flexible line and, accordingto the pipe construction, present the failure modes that might be caused by a possiblemisuse of the equipment.As shown in Figure 1, a typical Coflexip line is composed of:

• A length of flexible pipe• Two end-fittings complete with handling collars• Integral connectors• Optional stiffeners• Identification collars

1.1 DESIGN OF FLEXIBLE LINES

All Coflexip Drilling Applications flexible pipes are designed in accordance with API 16Cwhich is the only specific reference/regulation existing for Choke and Kill lines and/or API 7Kfor Rotary lines. Some of the API 16C requirements don’t apply to other applications whereour lines can be used (Acid/frac lines for example) when the resistance to H2S is not anissue; on the other hand all of our lines supplied for Choke and Kill applications are fullycompliant with API 16C.

1.2 NACE COMPATIBILITY

• End-fittings : All steel materials used in the manufacture of a Coflexip end-fitting meet therequirements of NACE MR-01–75.

• Steel wires : The carbon steel wires used for the Zeta, reinforcement wire and armourlayers meet the NACE requirements in force at manufacturing date. The present steelwires have been tested according to TM 0284 and TM 0177 – 1996.

1.3 END-FITTINGS

The end-fitting itself consists of the following :• The termination which ensures the seal and the mechanical attachment of the end-fitting

to the flexible pipe.• The connector to allow the connection of the end-fitting to any other compatible

connector.

6

1. DESCRIPTION OF A COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINE

Fig 1

7

1.3.1 Protection against corrosion

• All steel materials used in the manufacture of a Coflexip end-fitting meet the requirementsof NACE MR-01–75.

• Coating protection of the end-fitting.The whole surface, both inside and outside of a standard end-fitting is protected againstcorrosion, wear, abrasion and handling by a Nikaflex® coating.The adhesion of the coating to the underlying steel is essential for the long term integrityof the protection. Various heat treatments are applicable for Nikaflex® coated parts toimprove that property. Coflexip has selected the most effective process which is a longduration, high temperature heat treatment conducted between 600°C to 650°C (1112° to1202°F) for 10 hours. This process ensures diffusion of the coating into the steel, thusavoiding any possible scaling of the protection.

The Nikaflex® coating bears the following properties:• The surface hardness of the coating is about 400 to 450 HV, in the range of most

hardened steels, and this improves the end-fitting resistance against corrosion, wear,abrasion and handling. In particular, the end-fitting will resist long term exposure tointernal flow of abrasive fluids.

• The inner coating is 75 µ thick; a visual inspection of the inner bore of the end-fittingshowing that the coating is still present indicates the satisfactory integrity of those end-fitting parts subjected to the internal flow conditions. If the coating is damaged orcracked, traces of corrosion and rust may be visible and a complementary inspectionshould be completed.

• The Nikaflex® coating is highly resistant against corrosion from marine atmosphere, sea-water and to H2S/C02 gases or other corrosive fluids which might be transported by theline.

1.3.2 Connectors

The end-fittings can be supplied with most types of connectors, the most common being APIhubs (formerly "CIW hubs"), hammer unions and API flanges. Generally the connectors areintegral parts of the end-fitting avoiding butt-welding (with some exceptions for non-standardconnectors).However, when used, the welding process is always completed BEFORE end-fitting mounting.Some restrictions on the type of connector used may apply e.g. API 16C does not allow theuse of threaded connectors for choke and kill applications. Similarly it is not a Coflexippractice to fit a connector which has a higher pressure rating than the flexible pipe itself.

1.3.3 Terminations

The termination will ensure the following functions :• Mechanical attachment to the flexible pipe which will resist against internal pressure,

traction, torsion,• Provides seal against inner effluent,• Provides seal against outer environment,• Mechanical attachment of the outer stainless steel carcass.

1.3.4 Marking

The termination bears a permanent marking indicating :• Manufacturer (*)• Serial number of the line

8

• Internal diameter of the line (Inches)• Application (*)• Working pressure (WP bar or psi) of the line which is always inferior or equal to the

maximum design pressure of the line structure• Length of the line - face to face from one connector to the other (metres or feet)• Date of the factory pressure test• If applicable, a stamp of a certifying authority• For repaired lines see section 5(*) This information was optional before second quarter of 1990

Repaired linesIf the line has been repaired by the mounting of a new end-fitting, it will bear the same

marking as above, but the serial number of the line is changed on that end-fitting. Lengthand date of the factory pressure test are revised values marked on the new end-fitting.Although optional before the second quarter of 1990, Coflexip recommends that the type ofapplication be stamped where the information is missing, using the abbreviated classificationas follows. In case of doubt, please contact the nearest Coflexip office.

From the second quarter of 1990, the end-termination bears a revised marking as follows :Manufacturer• Serial number of the line• Internal diameter of the line (Inches)• Line application abbreviated as follows :

C/K : Choke and Kill CEM : CementPTL : Production Test Line ACD : Acidizing/FracturingDST : Drill stem test

This User’s Guide only applies to the applications shown above. Coflexip manufactures awide range of other products not covered by this document.

• Line length (in metres (m) or feet (ft))• Working pressure (WP bar or psi)• Test pressure (TP bar or psi)• Temperature range (continuous service : See section 3.2)• The stamped test pressure is the OEM.TP (Original Equipment Manufacturer Test Pressure)• Date of the factory pressure test (month/year)• If applicable, a stamp of a certifying authority when required

(For lines repaired by end-fitting replacement, see section 5)

Example of markingCOFLEXIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ManufacturerTR 95314.01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Serial number3’’ - C/K - 18.3 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I.D./Application/LengthWP 15000 psi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Working PressureTP 22500 psi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Test PressureTEMP : -20/+130°C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Temperature range02/2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Test date (month/year)

Any inquiry regarding the construction of the line and its end-fittings should refer to theserial number through which Coflexip can trace the relevant information..

1.3.5 Handling collar

A groove in the end-termination is fitted with a rotating handling collar with two symmetricalpad-eyes.This collar is designed to allow for safe handling of the flexible pipe. It Is not designed tohandle any other equipment which might be attached to the connectors.This collar is NOT designed for lifting more than the weight of the flexible itself.

� INSTRUCTION : For long lines (acidizing lines for example), typically lines longer than 25m(80'), the End User should refer to Coflexip for advice on limitations in the use of the standardhandling collars. Special collars can be designed for specific needs.For further details on Acidizing Applications see Section 9.

1.4 ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

1.4.1 Bend stiffener

The bend stiffener is an additional device mounted on the flexible pipe during itsmanufacturing (see figure 2 above). It increases the local bending stiffness in the region ofthe end-fitting, producing a smoother transition from the end-fitting to the flexible pipestructure.The bend stiffener is optional on most flexible pipes. It will allow the flexible pipe to betterresist overbending: flexure damaging strength is increased by a factor of x3 when using thisdevice.Made out of polyurethane, it is intrinsicallyresistant to corrosion.During the external inspection, check that thebend-stiffener is properly tightened on the end-fitting and is free of damage and cracks.

1.4.2 Adapters/Cross-Overs

Adapters/Cross-Overs can be supplied if the EndUser needs to connect his flexible pipe to differentor non standard connectors. These adapters aretypically 0.3 metres or one foot long depending onthe I.D. and rating.Represented is an API Hub / Weco® adapter

9

Figure 2

10

1.4.3 Fire cover

As for the flexible pipe itself, it may occasionally be necessary, due to the workingenvironment, for lines to include a greater degree of fire protection than standard. For suchoperating conditions, additional fire protection covers may be installed over the end-fittingassemblies.

1.5 FLEXIBLE PIPE STRUCTUREA typical Coflexip flexible pipe structure, for high pressure applications is shown in Figure 3 below.This construction is known as a "non-bonded" structure.From the inside out it is composed of the following :

1 Thermoplastic inner liner2 Aramid tape3 Zeta spiral4 Flat steel spiral5 Thermoplastic intermediate sheath6 Cross-wound tensile armours7 Thermoplastic external sheath8 Outer-wrap interlocked steel carcass

1.5.1 Thermoplastic inner liner

The thermoplastic inner liner makes the pipe leak-proof. This layer limits the upper servicetemperature of the line and the chemical compatibility to the various fluids which may betransported through the line. Various plastic materials are used to manufacture the innerliner, depending upon the service application of the line. This liner can be reinforced byaramide tapes depending on the application.

1.5.2 Interlocked "Zeta" layer

This layer takes the hoop stress due to internal pressure and external crushing loads.The crushing resistance of a Coflexip line is similar to that of an API rigid pipe designed towithstand the same internal pressure. However, accidental crushing might damage the outerstainless steel wrap and reduce the lifetime of the line.It is the interlocking of the Zeta layer which will limit the bending radius of the line. If thislimit is exceeded, irreversible damage to the flexible line will occur leading to perforation ofthe inner liner when under pressure.

1.5.3 Metallic reinforcement of the Zeta layer

If necessary for extreme high pressure, the Zeta layer is reinforced by a flat steel layer whichis not interlocked.

1.5.4 Intermediate thermoplastic sheath

This sheath is a thin anti-friction layer which improves the dynamic behaviour of the line.This layer is not leak-proof.

Figure 3. Typical drilling application flexible pipe

11

1.5.5 Double cross-wound steel armour

The double cross-wound steel armour wires will resist axial load caused by internal pressure,or external axial loads. It is also this layer which provides the flexible line with its resistanceto torsion.

1.5.6 Thermoplastic outer sheath

This layer is leak-proof.It will both :• Protect the armour wires against corrosion and• Protect the line against hydrostatic external pressure if the line is used subsea, as on LMRP

BOP (Lower Marine Riser Package Blowout Preventer) stacks.(note that test lines are vented through this outer layer and may not therefore be used subsea).

1.5.7 Fire resistant layer

For certain installations, e.g. permanently installed well control lines on fixed productionplatforms, it may be a requirement for essential service flexibles such as choke and kill lines,to be operable under fire conditions for long periods. The inclusion of a fire resistant layerinstalled after production of the standard pipe gives a working time at 700°C (1,292°F) andfull working pressure, well in excess of 30 minutes. This layer is non-standard and would bethe subject of a special order. Refer also to section 1.2 - Para. 1.4.3 for end-fitting fireprotection.

1.5.8 Stainless steel outer-wrap

The stainless steel outer-wrap (carcass) protects the thermoplastic outer sheath againstmechanical damage caused by using the line in a harsh environment (impacts, wear,handling, etc.).This layer does not contribute directly to the mechanical resistance of the line.However, significant damage to this layer may lead to subsequent damage to thethermoplastic outer sheath causing either:• Corrosion of the armour wires, and/or• Collapse of the inner tube for subsea lines.

1.6 MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINES

By design, a Coflexip flexible line is extremely resistant to :• Internal pressureDimensional changes under pressure are very limited ; typical values are :• Relative elongation at design pressure 0.15 to 0.25 %• Relative outer diameter change at design pressure < 0.25 %The line is extremely stable under pressure. In particular, if bent it will not tend to straightenunder pressure. No significant twist will occur. It will not pulsate or whip during high flowrate circulation.• Tensile ForcesResistance to pulling forces ranges from about 50,000 daN for 2" ID to more than 100,000daN for 3" ID (50 to 100 tons or 100,000 to 200,000 lbs).

WARNING : You must be aware that a Coflexip flexible can be stronger than some of thepipework to which it is connected and that it will rarely be the "weak point" of a system.

12

• CrushingThe crushing resistance of Coflexip flexible pipes is similar to that of an API rigid pipe ofthe same design pressure

• BendingThe line is resistant to bending, including frequent or continuous flexure with theimperative condition that the minimum bending radius is not exceeded.

In COFLEXIP's documents, the minimum bending radius is abbreviated as MBR.

The minimum bending radius is an extremely important characteristic of a flexible steel line.As a rule of thumb, the minimum bending radius is roughly equal to :MBR = 12 x ID (ID : inner diameter of the line).Example : If ID = 3" then MBR = 12 X 0.076 = 0.92 metre or 12 x 3 = 36", i.e. 3 ft.For specific DRAG CHAIN applications, the MBR for installed use is 1.1 x the storage MBR,as defined on the relevant data sheet.The accurate value of the MBR is part of the technical specification of the flexible line.

1.7 FAILURE MODES OF COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINES

Coflexip flexible steel lines are extremely reliable due to :• The design of the product ;• The use of the highest standards applicable ;• The use of the highest quality raw materials ;• The COFLEXIP quality assurance system.

However, misuse might damage the line, and you must be aware that four main failuremodes can occur :

• Corrosion of the armour wires - If the outer thermoplastic sheath is damaged,corrosion of the steel armour wires will occur. This will progressively reduce the thicknessof the wires, causing a progressive decrease of the burst pressure.This failure mode may cause the line to burst catastrophically.

Figure 4

13

• Bending - If the minimum bending radius is exceeded, the Zeta layer may open ; inwhich case, the inner tube is not properly supported and perforation will occur underpressure.Overbending generally occurs due to mishandling during installation.Particular attention must be paid at this time to the first metre or few feet of flexible pipeimmediately behind each termination.An optional bend stiffener is available on request to improve the pipe's resistance to suchoverbending.This failure mode may cause the line to burst.Figure 5 shows how overbending may be caused, whether or not the line is under internalpressure

• Ageing of the inner liner - The mechanical properties of the inner liner can beaffected by ageing. This phenomenon causes the degradation of the long thermoplasticmolecules and may be due to :• Long exposure to high temperature, exceeding the maximum rated temperature ;• Exposure of the internal surfaces to incompatible chemicals.The degradation of the material could make it brittle and the tube may break when bentwith or without internal pressure, leading to a leakage.This failure mode can result in a burst or more often in a high pressure leak.

• Collapse of the inner liner - If damaged, the outer sheath may not be leak-proof. Forsubsea lines, the external hydrostatic pressure will be applied on to the inner liner whichmay collapse. This can lead to the rupture of the liner and failure of the line.This failure mode may cause the line to burst.

Figure 5

2. GENERAL GUIDELINES

14

2.1 STORAGE

• Storage in general does not require specific precautions regarding the environment orduration of storage.

• Depending on length, the best ways to store a line are either :• In a straight line (up to 6 metre or 20 ft long) ;• Coiled to its MBR, attached to a wooden pallet or crate ;• Installed in a DRAG CHAIN prior to hook-up and start of operations.

• Coflexip flexible lines are shipped with protection on the connectors.

� INSTRUCTION : A similar protection should be reinstalled when the line is disconnected. Itmay consist of a metallic blind flange that fits the connection - which is preferable, or of agood wooden protection.This protection must ensure that :The inner bore of the line is closed to avoid accidental intrusion of any foreign material ;The connector, especially the seal area, is properly protected against impacts, etc.

� INSTRUCTION : If stored below minimum rated temperature, ensure that no handling isdone before the line is brought back to the minimum rated temperature.

� INSTRUCTION : The inner bore of a Coflexip line should be thoroughly flushed with freshwater prior to long term storage.

2.2 HANDLING

� INSTRUCTION : Only qualified and trained personnel should handle flexible lines such asthose manufactured by Coflexip . Whilst we make every effort to assist End Users wheneverpossible on the methods of handling to be deployed , the final decision on the best methodsfor local conditions and capacities rests with End Users or their appointed agents , either ofwhom should have their own procedures for such handling operations.Any rigging should be suitably adapted to the specific flexible line in question , asmishandling can be dangerous to operators , surrounding personnel , equipment andproperty.The line must never be bent below the minimum bend radius, as this may damage it.• As a rule of thumb, the minimum bend radius is equal to :

MBR = 12 x IDThe accurate value of the MBR of the line is part of the technical characteristics of theCoflexip structure and will have been supplied to the original End User : it can be obtainedfrom the nearest Coflexip office.The minimum bend radius (MBR) must be respected at all times, whether the line is underpressure or not.User should avoid bending the flexible just behind the end-fitting. As a rule of thumb, astraight length of about 0.6 to 0.9metre (2 to 3 feet) should be used as a safety distance.See section 1.7 - FAILURE MODES OF Coflexip FLEXIBLE LINESThe use of wire ropes or chains may damage the anti-corrosion treatment of the end-fitting. If so required, use a shackle connected through the eye of the handling collar.Never use wire ropes or chains directly against the stainless steel outer-wrap. If force needsto be applied to the body of the flexible line itself, use soft slings.

• Moving flexible line on the ground

• Do not attach slings directly to the end-fitting - use the handling collar provided. Alwaysconnect slings to both eyes in order to have the pulling force in a straight line through themain axis of the flexible pipe.

• Prevent abrasion of the flexible line against the ground; use wooden supports or planks.• If a forklift has to be used to lift a flexible line, soft slings must be used to prevent damage,

and to prevent the flexible line from falling off the forks (see Coflexip Handling Guideinside cover). End User assumes all responsibility for essential Safety precautionsto avoid injury or death in connection with these operations.

2.3 INSTALLATION - CONNECTION

The preferred installation for a Coflexipflexible line is with the pipe positioned in a J orU configuration, with the end-fittings pointingup in a vertical position. See fig. 6If, due to the rig equipment, this configurationis not feasible, special care must be takenwhen securing a non-vertical connection sothat overbending behind the end-fitting isavoided.

Connection of the flexible line to otherpipework requires :• Supporting the weight of both the end-fitting

and the line ;• Correct alignment of the end-fitting.

� INSTRUCTION : The best way to achieve this is tosupport the weight of the line through the use ofthe handling collar, then control the alignment witha non-metallic rope or sling attached about 0.9metre (3 feet) behind the end-fitting. See below:

Never do the reverse, i.e. :• Do not support the weight immediately behind

the end-fitting ;• Do not align the line from the end-fitting itself.

2.4 WELDING

A flexible steel line is a mixed construction of steelsand thermoplastics. It must be recognised thatbecause of the heat diffusion that occurs duringany welding process, the thermoplastic layers maysuffer irreversible damage leading to an unsafeline. When used, welding processes are onlycompleted during the original manufacturingprocess of the line at a stage where the operationcannot affect the other components.Consequently, any field welding repair of a flexible line, involving either the end-fitting(including the stainless steel ring groove) or the stainless steel outer carcass, will render theline unsafe and unusable. Such lines will must be withdrawn from service and stamped"NOT-REUSABLE".

15

Figure 6

Figure 7

3 OPERATING CONDITIONS

16

Although similar in appearance, the construction of Coflexip lines for different drillingapplications such as Choke and Kill lines, Acid lines or Test lines differ significantly.

� INSTRUCTION : These lines must never be used for any purpose other than the original forwhich the line was supplied and which is stamped on the end-fitting identification collar (seesection 1.3). In case of doubt, contact the nearest Coflexip office for information onguidelines to be respected.

3.1 FLUIDS TO BE TRANSPORTED

Generally, all kinds of drilling muds and oil production fluids, or chemical additives may betransported through flexible lines depending upon the applications. The compatibility tablesincluded in this Guide give an indication on the behaviour of the liners with most commonchemicals.Due to the number of chemicals used, often in concentrated forms, and the infinite numberof possible combinations, it is virtually impossible to guarantee the behaviour of ourproducts in all circumstances.

� INSTRUCTION : In case of doubt please contact the nearest Coflexip office.

All components of the end-fittings in contact with the inner fluids are adequately protectedagainst corrosion.In most cases it is the internal liner made of thermoplastics that will limit the chemicalcompatibility of the flexible line. They are different for :• Standard temperature rated line (-20°C to +100°C / -4 to +212°F)or• High temperature rated line (-20°C to +130C / -4 to 266°F)or• Acid line (H.D.P.E.) (-20°C to +65°C / -4 to +149°F). (Former designs, no longer in

production i.e. typically pre-1998 although some later examples may have beensupplied).

Tables I, II and III give a limited list of the different chemicals relevant for drilling and serviceapplications and their effects on the flexible line. In case of doubt, contact the nearestCOFLEXIP office.

3.1.1 Chemical compatibility of standard temperature rated lines

The inner lining of these lines is made of RILSAN®, which is a grade of polyamide IImaterial.It must be noted that Standard Temperature Rated lines (-20°C to + 100°C / -4°F to+212°F) are not designed to handle any acidified effluents and/or heavy metallic salts suchas zinc or calcium bromides.See Table I.

17

TABLE IChemical compatibility of standard temperature rated lines.

Exposure resistance of RILSAN® inner lining at given temperature ranges.

S : Satisfactory NR : Not Recommended L : Limited use F : Forbidden

* The PH value of the fluid may greatly influence the behaviour of Rilsan® inner lining.

3.1.2 Chemical compatibility of high temperature rated lines

The inner lining of these flexible lines is made of COFLON®, a fluorinated thermoplastic:Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) material.See Table II.

TABLE IIChemical compatibility of high temperature rated lines.

Exposure resistance of COFLON® inner lining at given temperature ranges.

S : Satisfactory NR : Not Recommended L : Limited use F : Forbidden

Concentration or 0°F 75° F 150° F 200° F 250° F Exposure Time -18°C 24° C 66° C 93° C 121° C

Hydrochloric acid HCl 15% F F F F F30% F F F F F

Hydrofluoric acid HF 3% F F F F F7,5% F F F F F

Xylene C6 H4 (CH3)2 100% S S S S NRMethanol CH30H 100% S S L NR NRZinc bromide ZnBr2 saturated F F F F FCalcium Bromide CaBr2 saturated L L L L LCalcium chloride CaCl2 saturated S S L L LMethane CH4 100% S S S S LDiesel 100% S S S S LCrude oil 100% S S S S LSodium hydroxide NaOH 50% S L NR NR NRHydrogen sulphide H2S < 20% S S S S L(pure gas)Hydrogen sulphide H2S < 20% L* L* L* L* L*(condensate)Water Presence S* S* S* L* F


Hydrochloric acid HCl 15% S S S S S30% S S S S S

Hydrofluoric acid HF 3% S S S S S7,5% S S S S S

Xylene C6 H4 (CH3)2 100% S S S S SMethanol CH30H 100% S S S S SZinc bromide ZnBr2 saturated S S S S SCalcium Bromide CaBr2 saturated S S S S SCalcium chloride CaCl2 saturated S S S S SMethane CH4 100% S S S S SDiesel 100% S S S S SCrude oil 100% S S S S SSodium hydroxide NaOH 50% S S L NR NRHydrogen sulphide H2S < 20% S S S S S

18

3.1.3 Exposure of high temperature rated lines to C02

Under certain conditions, exposure to relatively high concentrations of C02 can lead todamage of the COFLON® liner. For this reason, the following limitations are to berespected :PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . .FLUID CONDITIONS1035 bar/15,000 psi . . . . . . . . . . .130°C (+266°F) . . . . . . . . . . .C02 + H2S < 10 %690 bar/10,000 psi . . . . . . . . . . . .130°C (+266°F) . . . . . . . . . . .C02 + H2S < 30 %690 bar/10,000 psi . . . . . . . . . . . .110°C (+230°F) . . . . . . . . . . .C02 + H2S < 50 %

3.1.4 Chemical compatibility of acid (HDPE) lines (former design)

The inner lining of these flexibles is made of high or medium density polyethylene (HDPE)which is a polyolefinic material. (no longer used as an inner lining in standard productionflexibles)See Table III following.

TABLE IIIChemical compatibility of acid (HDPE) lines.

Esposure resistance of HDPE inner lining at given temperature ranges.

S : Satisfactory L : Limited use F : Forbidden

3.1.5 Sour serviceAll components of the end-fittings and of the flexible pipe, in contact with the inner fluids,meet NACE-MR-01-75 – edition 2001.As well as those internal surfaces which come into direct contact with the inner flow, due togas diffusion, some other flexible pipe components may be in contact with lowconcentrations of sour gas. The carbon steel wires used for the Zeta, reinforcement wire andarmour layers meet the NACE requirements in force at manufacturing date. The wires usedat present have been tested according to TM 0284 and TM 0177 – 1996Depending upon the application, Coflexip pipes are classified either:• Permanent sour service, or• Temporary sour serviceSee sections 7 to 10 for the different applications of Coflexip pipes. In case of doubt, contactthe nearest COFLEXIP office.


Hydrochloric acid HCl 15% S S S F F30% S S S F F

Hydrofluoric acid HF 3% S S L F F7,5% S S L F F

Xylene C6 H4 (CH3)2 100% S S L F FMethanol CH30H 100% S S S F FZinc bromide ZnBr2 saturated S S S F FCalcium Bromide CaBr2 saturated S S S F FCalcium chloride CaCl2 saturated S S S F FMethane CH4 100% S S L F FDiesel 100% S S L F FCrude oil 100% S S L F FSodium hydroxide NaOH 50% S S S F FHydrogen sulphide H2S < 20% S S S F F

19

3.1.6 Flow rates

The maximum continuous flowrate for all smooth bore i.e. thermoplastic inner sheathedlines, is 15 metres per second. Many lines, particularly those for acidizing / fracturingapplications, have been subjected to flow-rates well in excess of this figure for relatively shortperiods of time without any damage being sustained. This is entirely dependent on theabrasive properties of the flow medium, therefore maximum short term flow-rates cannot bequantified for all flow conditions. Extreme flow rates and abrasive fluids can cause erosion inthe end-fittings. It is common practice to change the end-fittings when these show severescoring or pitting. Experience has shown that for those types of lines subjected to severeabrasive conditions (fracturing operations), the end-fittings can be replaced twice before theflexible pipe itself should be considered not fit for further use.

3.2 TEMPERATURE RATINGS

3.2.1 Standard temperature rated line (-20°C to + 100°C / -4°F to + 212°F)

• Continuous serviceStandard Coflexip Choke and Kill lines are designed for -20°C to +100° C / -4°F to+212°F continuous service, with no time limit (within the lifetime of the whole line).

• Higher temporary service temperatureStandard Coflexip flexible pipes may be used up to +130°/+266°F, maximumtemperature of the transported fluids for a maximum of one month, continuous orcumulative service.Lines exposed to temperatures higher than +100°C / +212°F but no more than +130°C/ +266°F for continuous or cumulative service of 1 month must be removed from serviceand stamped not reusable following this exposure.

• Survival conditionsAll Coflexip flexible lines (C/K, DST, PTL) are designed to resist to +160°C / +320°Fmaximum inner temperature of the contained fluids for a duration in excess of one hour.A copy of the qualification test report is available upon request from all COFLEXIP salesoffices.Standard temperature rated Coflexip flexible lines are deemed not reusable for furtherservice after sustaining a temperature above the temporary rating of +130°C / +266°F.Lines exposed to temperature higher than +130°C / +266°F must be removed fromservice, properly stamped not reusable, and replaced by a new line.

3.2.2 High temperature rated Line (-20°C to +130°C / -4°F to +266°F)

• Continuous serviceHigh temperature rated flexible pipes are designed for -20°C to +130°C (-4°F to +266°F)continuous service, with no time limit (within the lifetime of the whole line).

Note : Under certain fluid conditions, there may be limitations on pressure and/ortemperature ratings. (Refer to section 3, Para. 3.1.3).

• Higher temporary service temperatureHigh temperature rated flexible pipes are not designed for a higher temperature than themaximum continuous temperature rating.

• Survival conditionsAll Coflexip flexible lines are designed to resist to +160°C (+320°F) maximum innertemperature of the contained fluid for a duration in excess of one hour. A copy of thequalification test report is available upon request from all COFLEXIP sales offices.High temperature rated Coflexip flexible lines are deemed not reusable for further serviceafter sustaining a temperature above the continuous rating of +130°C (+266°F). Linesexposed to temperatures higher than +130°C (+266°F) must be removed from service,properly stamped not reusable, and replaced by a new line.

20

3.2.3 Acidizing/fracturing lines (- 20°C to + 65°C / - 4°F to + 149°F)

Coflexip HDPE acidizing/fracturing lines are designed for -–20°C to +65°C (-4°F to+149°F) continuous service, without time limit (within the lifetime of the whole line). Asacidizing/fracturing lines are normally only used to pump into well formations, it is unlikelythat there will be the requirement to operate lines at temperatures higher than ambient andfor this reason there are no other temperature ranges, temporary or survival. These lines arenot designed for flowing produced well fluids.Coflexip COFLON® Acidizing lines have the same temperature limitations as the hightemperature rated lines (see section 3.2.2).

3.3 PRESSURE

3.3.1 Rated working pressure

The working pressure stamped on the end-fitting must be understood as the maximumoperating pressure to which the line may be permanently subjected.It Is not the manufacturer's responsibility to define allowances for eventual surges that mayoccur through the lines. We insist that Users acquaint themselves with guidelines,specifications, or limitations issued by Certifying Authorities or regulatory bodies.

3.3.2 OEM test pressureAll new Coflexip flexible lines are pressure tested at the factory prior to supply. Test pressuresare as follows :

WP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .OEM. TP345 bar/5,000 psi . . . . . . . . .690 bar/10,000 psi690 bar/10,000 psi . . . . . . .1035 bar/15,000 psi1035 bar/15,000 psi . . . . . .1550 bar/22,500 psi

Test duration : all factory pressure tests last a minimum of 24 hours after stabilisation atambient temperature. Note : the standard COFLEXIP FAT (Factory Acceptance Test) is well inexcess of the minimum requirement of API 16C.

21

Coflexip flexible lines utilised for drilling and service applications are designed for twenty(20) years life in dynamic service condition . This design life is based on lines operating fortheir intended service, within their rated temperature range, fluid compatibility and allowablebending radius.

However, because of the many disparate factors affecting the service life of individual flexiblelines, including extreme weather conditions, mishandling and abuse, incorrect installationand storage, frequency of exposure to extremes of temperature and pressure, improper careand maintenance, use of incompatible fluids, etc. it is not possible to predict accurately theservice life of any individual flexible line.

The designation of a "design life" should not be relied upon as a prediction or warranty ofthe life of a particular flexible line, nor should purchasers and Users of Coflexip flexible linesrely upon this design life in lieu of proper installation, care, maintenance, storage,recommended inspections, handling, manipulations, repairs when necessary and otherrequirements and precautions recommended by Coflexip in the User's Guide.

The design life is not intended to, and will not extend, modify or alter in any manner theexpressed warranty or other conditions of sale given by Coflexip as expressly agreed inwriting with the End User, nor shall the design life convey any expressed or impliedwarranties of “merchantability”, fitness for a particular purpose or any warranties exceptthose expressly made in the "General Conditions of Sale". Coflexip MAKES NOREPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY SAVE AS EXPRESSLY AGREED IN WRITING WITH ENDUSER.

� INSTRUCTION : Flexible lines removed from service upon expiration of the service lifeshould be stamped "NOT REUSABLE" or preferably cut into pieces.

Any line which reaches 20 years since its OEM pressure test , and which continues tofunction correctly , should be returned to Coflexip for investigation and recommendation onits continued use.

During this 20 year period , it is probable that a considerable number of design changeswill have been made , and regulations or recommendations on the use of any particularapplication are likely to have changed : a combination of these factors may make itimpossible to recommend any further use of a particular line .

4. LIFETIME OF DRILLING AND SERVICE APPLICATION FLEXIBLE LINES

5. REPAIR OF FLEXIBLE LINES

22

As a result of periodic inspections, or "in field" observations, damage may be noticed andrequire repair.

The following parts of a flexible line may be repaired at a convenient COFLEXIP facility,depending upon the degree of the damage :

• Serviceable parts of end-fitting, including handling collar, rear locking nut attachment ofthe external carcass ;

• Stainless steel outer carcass ;

• Outer plastic sheath underneath the carcass.

For significant damage, such as overbent lines, the repair may consist of mounting a newend-fitting(s) to a used line. This would involve cutting off one complete end-fitting andinstalling a new one, thus reducing the overall line length. The new fitting would be markedwith the repair project number and line test date plus the new overall length: the originalfitting which remains with the line will be stamped "repaired". It should be noted that oldfittings are not reusable and that, because a variety of re-marking procedures have beenemployed since the first repairs were carried out, it is always worth checking line details onboth end-fittings.

Whatever the nature of the repair, the lines are pressure tested at OEM test pressure for 24hours after completion.

Coflexip reserves the right of declining to carry out a repair on a line which is found in acondition rendering it unsafe for use.

Except in exceptional circumstances, Coflexip will not proceed with any repair on lines whichdo not meet current industry standards or Coflexip's internal standards. (For unused lines,see section 6.9).

23

6.1 INTRODUCTION

This section details the actual inspections and tests recommended by Coflexip to ensure thecontinued safe use of our drilling and service application flexible lines.It defines precisely what is meant by the terminology used by Coflexip for each type ofinspection and/or test and therefore allows End-Users to know the extent or limitation ofeach procedure.The very nature of a flexible pipe's construction and that of its end-fittings do not allow adetailed examination of all of the internal components, and therefore we rely heavily onexternal examination and regular pressure testing.It will be noted that Coflexip recommends End-Users whenever possible, to have thisinspection and testing work carried out by the manufacturer. Under such circumstances,Coflexip will issue a certificate detailing the inspection and/or testing work performed oneach line.Circumstances may make this impractical, and in such instances, Coflexip relies on the End-User's QA/QC system, together with their experience of using these lines, to ensure that theyremain fully functional.The recommended periodicity of each inspection or test varies depending on the application,and the relevant section (7 to 10) should be referred to for each type of line whilst readingthis section to know the circumstances applicable to each inspection or test procedure.

� INSTRUCTION : Although common practice for most Users of such flexibles, it is stronglyrecommended that a record of all service work should be maintained for each line.

6.2 ROUTINE VISUAL INSPECTION

6.2.1 External inspection

A visual inspection throughout the entire length of the line should include:

1. Stainless steel outer-wrap : the outer-wrap must always ensure its primary function whichis to protect the polymeric sheath underneath from being torn or punctured.• Check that the carcass is properly attached at both end-fittings ;• Check that the entire surface of the polymeric sheath is protected ;• Check, if any damage is noticed on the stainless steel outer-wrap, that it would not be

detrimental to the underlying external polymeric sheath (deep notches or cuts forexample).

2. Termination : record any damage to the coating on the end-fitting, and follow itsprogression, if any.

3. Connector : same as above, with particular attention to the seal area.

6.2.2 Internal inspection

A visual inspection of the inner surface of the end-fitting is to be carried out after cleaning,to check that it is free of cracks and that the corrosion resistant coating is undamaged. Incase of cracks or severe abrasion, the line should be removed from service and a moredetailed inspection performed by the manufacturer.For Choke and Kill or Test Lines, inspection should show that they are free from any collapseof the internal lining, this may be verified by either visual inspection or internal pigging orgauging.

6. INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LINES

24

6.3 FULL INSPECTION

A full inspection includes at least :• Entire external inspection ;• Entire internal inspection• Full pressure test at OEM test pressure for a period of 24 hours.COFLEXIP recommends that this inspection should be done by COFLEXIP at a convenientCOFLEXIP facility.However, it must be recognised that this may be impractical according to the drillingprogramme schedule or location. If so, this full inspection should be carried out by acompetent person who is qualified by the End-User's QA/QC system (See also Para. 6.5).

6.4 MANUFACTURER'S INSPECTION - MAJOR SURVEY

In accordance with the certifying authorities' specifications or Coflexip's recommendations, orin the event of any doubt on a line's integrity, the line may be inspected by Coflexip at asuitable Coflexip facility.This inspection will include, as a minimum :• Entire external inspection ;• Entire internal inspection ;• Bending at the minimum bending radius ;• Pressure test at OEM test pressure for a period of 24 hours.

6.5 FIELD PRESSURE TESTING (OPTIONAL)

Performed on Choke and Kill lines at least on an annual basis and only in thosecircumstances where the full inspection proves impractical to perform (see section 7 - Para.7.5.3). It should include :• A routine visual inspection as detailed in 6.2.1.• A field pressure test (section 7 - Para. 7.5.5) should be performed at 1.5 times working

pressure and recorded for a period of six (6) hours. The purpose of the pressure test is toensure that no damage has occurred to the protective outer sheath, or excess loadsapplied to the line which could result in an insufficient pressure containing capability bothat the time of the test and for the next year that the line is in service.

In those circumstances where a full inspection is impractical due to the above limitations andwhere regular pressure testing is performed as part of the End User's QA/QC approvedtesting procedure, the safety factor and recorded test period may be reduced accordingly i.e.as an alternative to a 6 hours recorded test at 1.5 x maximum working pressure every year,a one hour recorded test at 1.1 x maximum working pressure every month may be used,thus reducing the safety factor from 1.5 to 1.1 (10 % ) and the equivalent period in betweenrecorded tests from one year to one month. The decision to adopt one or other of thesetesting procedures as an alternative to the full inspection rests entirely with the End User andtheir own QA/QC system, and they must be performed in accordance with all applicablesafety procedures.

Note The above testing (6.5) is an alternative to the full inspection, strictly due to the riglimitations detailed in section 7 - para. 7.5.5. of the guidance on Choke and Kill linesonly. Wherever possible, the recommendations on the annual full inspection shouldbe adhered to.

25

6.6 FULL PRESSURE TEST

A full pressure test is performed at the OEM test pressure (1.5 times the maximum workingpressure (MWP) of the line or 2 times MWP for 345 bar/5000 psi WP lines) for a minimumof 24 hours.Permissible test media are drilling muds, oil or water.The following precautions should always be respected when performing a pressure test.• All personnel involved in the preparation and execution of the test must be trained and

aware of the possible consequences of a test failure• Gas is not allowed as a test media ; all entrapped gas MUST be bled off during the

pressurisation of the line.• Test area must be cordoned off, and access restricted throughout the duration of any test.• Nobody, including personnel involved in the completion of the test, must stand near the

line under pressure.

� INSTRUCTION : These tests are carried out at the End User’s risk. It must be stressed that acatastrophic burst can be the result of these tests (although extremely unlikely on wellmaintained flexibles), and that all precautions MUST be taken to avoid damage and/or injury(see section 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF Coflexip FLEXIBLE LINES.

6.7 RECORDING OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTS

All routine inspections must be properly recorded as per the End-User’s QA/QC procedures,detailing identification of the line, inspection, findings and test results.All full inspections must be properly documented including the details of findings, repairscarried out , and pressure test certificates.All inspections are to be recorded by the End User's QA/QC system.Where any or all of the tests and/or inspections are performed by Coflexip either on site orat a Coflexip facility, an inspection report and findings, together with details ofrepair/refurbishment work performed and pressure test recordings will be supplied to theEnd User. Third party verification of such work/testing is normally provided as standard.

6.8 PERIODICITY OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTS

Refer to the line application.

• Section 7 : Choke and Kill lines

• Section 8 : Test lines

• Section 9 : Acidizing/fracturing lines

• Section 10 : Drag chain lines

26

6.9 UNUSED LINES

It is sometimes the case that, for a variety of reasons, a line may remain unused for aconsiderable period of time after delivery. In such instances, no inspection or testing isrequired during this storage period as long as normal protective precautions are observed.(See section 2.1 - General guidelines: Storage). The term "unused" is taken to mean a linewhich remains in its original delivery condition and has never been installed or used for anypurpose except for example, assembled within a DRAG CHAIN system and not installed onthe platform since OEM pressure test. After first use, it is assumed that an inspection and testrecord would be established in accordance with the recommendations made in this User'sGuide. Nevertheless it is the End Users responsibility to check whether the line still meets thecurrent Industry standards.


6.10 BEND TEST

Bending a line to the minimum bending radius (MBR) is required to check for possibledegradation of the mechanical properties of the flexible pipe inner lining. The acceptancecriteria is that the line passes the pressure test after bending has been performed (thepressure test is not carried out whilst the line is at the MBR).Due to the nature and purpose of this test, the actual section of the line which is tested is notcritical, however the bending radius itself is a precise figure and for this reason a specialcalibrated BEND TEST RIG must be used. (see photo below).

7.1 DEFINITION

Choke and Kill lines are an integral part of the blow-out prevention equipment required fordrilling well control.The Kill line provides a means of pumping fluid into the well bore when normal circulationthrough the drill string cannot be employed.The Choke line connected to the choke manifold provides a means of applying backpressure on the formation while circulating out formation fluids influx into the wellborefollowing a "kick", the latter being an entry of water, gas, oil or other formation fluid into thewellbore and resulting from insufficient pressure from the drilling fluid column to overcomethe pressure exerted by the well formation. Failure to control a "kick" would result in a "blow-out” or uncontrolled release of formation fluids or gases.Depending upon the type of rig where they are installed, the flexible Choke and Kill lines areeither "static" or "dynamic". A "dynamic" use is required to accommodate continuous relativemotions of the connections on floating rigs while "static" use is required for dimensionalvariations on sequential hook-ups.On semi-submersible drilling rigs or drill-ships, there are two primary locations for Chokeand Kill lines, "moonpool" lines used above surface to accommodate rig motion in all threeplanes, and BOP stack lines used on the LMRP (Lower Marine Riser Package) to allow formovement of the Choke and Kill lines around the ball-joint or flex-joint.The majority of Coflexip flexible Choke and Kill lines are designed to meet the API 16Cspecification (See Chapter 1 para 1.1) and to resist a continuous dynamic use.

7.1.1 CEMENT LINES

Cementing operations are regularly carried out using flexible Choke and Kill lines, inaddition specific flexible lines are often used particularly in the derrick to pump cement intothe well casing. For this reason Coflexip considers that cement lines require to beinterchangeable with Choke and Kill lines.

All cement lines supplied for a specific working pressure may be used to the same pressurein Choke and Kill operations , and vice versa.

It should be noted that earlier cement lines were sometimes also used foracidizing/fracturing operations and as such would have had a different thermoplastic liner.

� INSTRUCTION : One should always check the temperature and pressure ratings beforeusing cement lines in well control operations.

7.2 SOUR SERVICE

Generally, all kinds of drilling muds and oil production fluids may be transported throughChoke and Kill lines (See chapter 3, Para 3.1). As the lines may be used in areas where sourservice is required, all Coflexip Choke and Kill lines are classified Sour Service.All steel components of the flexible lines directly exposed to the Internal fluid meet NACEMR-01-75, 2001 edition.However, the behaviour of a flexible line involving the use of steel and thermoplastics iscomplex and Users must be aware that Coflexip lines manufactured earlier arenot necessarily designed for a permanent exposure to sour fluids.

� INSTRUCTION : The use of a Choke and Kill line as a Test line is unsafe and must beprohibited.

27

7. CHOKE AND KILL LINES

28

7.3 COMPLETION FLUIDS

It may be a requirement for a variety of completion fluids to be pumped through the flexiblelines. Many of these fluids contain acids, zinc bromide, etc. These products may not becompatible with the thermoplastic liner of the Coflexip Choke and Kill lines. Please refer tothe fluids compatibility charts in chapter 3.


7.4 VENTING

Coflexip Choke and Kill lines are not vented.

7.5 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION

7.5.1 After installation pressure test

After installation, the Choke and Kill lines (both surface and subsea) should be testedaccording to the relevant API recommendations such as API RP53

7.5.2 Routine visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2.1)An external visual inspection of the Choke and Kill lines should be performed :• At the end of a drilling campaign or,• At a one (1) month interval or,• At the first opportune moment, after a kick has occurred but no more than one (1) month

after. This inspection to be recorded by the End User's QA/QC system.Refer also to section 7.5.6 for subsea lines.

7.5.3 Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3)

A full inspection must be performed on a yearly basis. Coflexip recommends that thisinspection is done by Coflexip at a convenient facility, when and where practicable (Foralternative testing where the full pressure test proves impractical, see field pressure testingbelow - 7.5.5).

7.5.4 Manufacturer's inspection - major survey (Section 6 - Para. 6.4)

Coflexip recommends that a first major survey be performed five (5) years after the date ofinitial OEM Pressure Test. A second major survey should be performed three (3) years later,i.e. eight (8) years after the initial OEM Pressure Test. Following this second major survey,and dependent on the results of the survey, Coflexip will at that time make recommendationsto periodicity of further major inspections.

7.5.5 Field pressure testing (optional) (Section 6 - Para. 6.5)

It is recognised by Coflexip that due to a rig's location, lack of pressure testing and/orinspection facilities, it is either inconvenient to return a line to Coflexip or impossible toperform a full inspection on board the rig. Under these circumstances, a FIELD PRESSURETEST (section 6 - Para. 6.5) may be performed as a minimum test requirement and as analternative to the recommended full inspection, it can only be carried out on a maximum oftwo consecutive annual occasions i.e. a maximum of three (3) years between full inspection.

7.5.6 Subsea (BOP stack) Choke and Kill lines :

By virtue of their location, BOP stack lines differ from moonpool lines in the following ways:They are much shorter (typically 3.5 – 6 metres (12-20 feet) overall length) and are notsubjected to the same degree of dynamic motion as moonpool lines.Being custom-built to fit each stack and relatively short, their length tolerances are morecritical than those of moonpool lines (typically 17 – 27 metres (55-90 feet) overall length).

29

� INSTRUCTION : BOP stack lines cannot be re-used on another stack without a detailedstudy confirming their compatibility with the new installation. In case of doubt please contactthe nearest Coflexip office.

Installation subsea means that these lines are difficult if not impossible to visually inspect.Furthermore, recovery to the surface in order to carry out inspection work and testing is bothtime consuming and expensive. Experience has shown that, assuming the configurationdesign is strictly adhered to, a combination of less dynamic movement plus a reduced risk ofdamage by mishandling or misuse, means that they are a lot less prone to failure as a resultof mechanical damage.Coflexip would, as a result of these factors, expect that End Users, their QA/QC system andtheir certifying authorities, would be more flexible in carrying out regular inspection andtesting work. This does not remove the requirement to perform such work, but that it wouldbe more likely to be performed on an opportunity basis when other such work necessitatesrecovery of the BOP stack for disassembly, testing and/or overhaul.

30

8.1 "DST" AND "PTL" LINES DEFINITION

The conventional method of performing a test on a formation before installing the finalcompletion equipment is the DRILL STEM TEST which may be carried out through flexiblesteel lines, thus providing a single length, two connection only section of piping which is bothsafe and easy to install. Usually a Drill Stem Test is a short test which lasts less than 72hours. The flexible line designed for such an application is the "DST" flexible line.Production tests done on a well any time after the completion are very similar, but they maylast longer. The Coflexip flexible line designed for that application is the "PTL" line.

8.2 SOUR SERVICE

All steel components of DST and PTL Coflexip flexible lines, terminations and connectorsdirectly exposed to the internal fluids meet NACE MR-01 -75.DST LINES: are designed for temporary and not permanent exposure to sour service.

� INSTRUCTION : Each individual Drill Stem Test should not exceed 72 hours.

PTL LINES : Permanent sour servicePTL lines are designed for a permanent exposure to sour service. For this reason, PTL linescan be used for Drill Stem Test applications whilst DST cannot be used for long testapplications in excess of 72 hours.

8.3 VENTING

Both DST and PTL flexible lines are vented.Venting : Coflexip Test Lines include an independent and automatic method to de-pressurisethe flexible pipe body in the event of pressure build up caused by permeated gas ; thisprocess is called venting.

� INSTRUCTION : Under no circumstances should vented lines be used under water norshould either of their extremities be immersed. This could lead to long term corrosion of thearmour wires and risk of failure. (See Chapter 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF CoflexipFLEXIBLE LINES



After installation in the test system hook-up, the flexible test line should be tested inaccordance with API recommendations on blow-out prevention system operation tests (APIrecommendations RP53).

8.4.2 Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2)

The external visual inspection of the DST and PTL flexible line should be performed aftercompletion of each test programme or at a one (1) month maximum interval.

8.4.3 Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3)

A full inspection, including the internal inspection and an OEM pressure test must beperformed on a yearly basis.COFLEXIP recommends that this inspection is done by COFLEXIP at a convenient COFLEXIPfacility, when and where practicable.

8.4.4 Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (Section 6 - Para 6.4)

COFLEXIP recommends that at least one major survey is done by COFLEXIP at a convenientCOFLEXIP facility during the first 10 years, preferably in the range of 3 to 6 years after theOEM pressure test.

8. TEST LINE APPLICATIONS

9. ACIDIZING AND FRACTURING LINE APPLICATIONS

31

9.1 DEFINITIONOil and gas wells require regular maintenance and servicing throughout the life of the well.This can involve pumping fluids, foam or gas containing treatment materials into the well.These operations start during the drilling phase of the well with operations such ascementing. During the production phase, they include acid and proppant stimulation, waterand sand control, as well as fluid support for workover operations. At the end of a well'seconomic or practical life, the services cover killing and abandonment operations. Wellservice operations therefore involve using piping to pump into a well as opposed toextracting from it.

9.1.1 Handling

� INSTRUCTION : The handling of the Coflexip flexible lines should be carried out byqualified and trained personnel using adapted lifting/handling equipment.The deployment of the flexible lines should be carried out following the End User’s operatingprocedures in which all safety aspects should be covered.When connecting acidizing lines from independent vessels to platforms, the lines should beconnected to the platform pipe work through an external connection point capable of bearingthe loads applied by the flexible pipe. It must be noted that the flexible pipe mustnever be considered as the weak point of a system, its breaking load beingseveral hundred tons.When the flexible pipe is deployed from a winch, the whole length of pipe MUST be paid outso that the QCDC (Quick Connect Dis-Connect) or QDC (Quick Dis-Connect) assembly isallowed to operate in a fast and reliable manner.Relying on the freewheeling of the winch can at best cause some loss of time in circumstanceswhere time is critical.A guide system should be fitted as part of the winch installation which ensures that theflexible pipes approach angle with the winch drum is kept within reasonable limits , thusensuring correct operation of the emergency disconnect system when required.

9.1.2 Well service operations

These operations, normally involve pumping treatment materials for short periods of time,usually less than 24 hours. Flexible lines may be any of the three liner types i.e. HDPE,RILSAN® or COFLON® depending on service type. Acidizing /fracturing lines are eitherHDPE or COFLON®, the latter being a "dual-purpose" designation, capable of handlingacids, produced well fluids and heavy metallic salts such as calcium or zinc bromide. (SeeChapter 3 Para. 3.1) Temperature ranges for these operations are given in section 3 - para.3.2.

9.1.3 Dynamic operations

Such operations involve the use of the flexible lines to compensate for relative motionbetween the two connection points. An example is the servicing of wells from a floatingservice vessel to a fixed production platform: such an application can be highly dynamic andapplies a tremendous strain on the pipe's mechanical properties.

9.1.4 Static operations

These normally involve small or negligible amounts of relative movement during hook-up,the lines being used to accommodate dimensional variations in between fixed points in hardpiping or for equipment connection.

32

9.2 SOUR SERVICE

All steel components of acidizing/fracturing and well service Coflexip flexible lineterminations and connectors directly exposed to the internal fluids, meet the requirements ofNACE MR-01 -75.Lines designated "ACD" i.e. acidizing/fracturing are unsuitable for any service whereproduced well fluids or gases are present. For this reason, the steels used for the fabricationof these lines do not necessarily meet the requirements of NACE MR-01 -75. Other lines withCOFLON® or RILSAN® liners can be used for temporary or permanent sour service (seesection 8 - Test line applications).

9.3 VENTING

Acidizing/fracturing flexible lines are not vented. COFLON® flexible lines when sold as acidlines only are not vented, but when required for "dual-purpose" i.e. DST or PTL applicationsin addition to acidizing/fracturing, venting is included - refer to OEM pressure test certificateor line data book for precise application, alternatively contact nearest Coflexip office withline serial number for further details.

� INSTRUCTION : Under no circumstances should vented lines be used under water norshould either of their extremities be immersed. This could lead to long term corrosion of thearmour wires and risk of failure. (See Chapter 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF CoflexipFLEXIBLE LINES).


9.4.1 Flushing of the lines

� INSTRUCTION : After completion of any of the above operations, the lines should bethoroughly flushed with water

9.4.2 Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para. 6.2)

The External Visual Inspection of the acidizing/fracturing line should be performed :• Short lengths (static operations) : prior to each hook-up and at one (1) month intervals

after hook-up.• Long lengths (dynamic operations : vessel or winch-mounted acid lines). During

deployment from winch to rig connection and during re-spooling on to winch.


All acidizing/fracturing lines whether short or long length, should be pressure tested afterinstallation and prior to operating under pressure, at 110 % of the maximum expectedworking pressure.

9.4.4 Full inspection (section 6 - para. 6.3)

A full inspection must be performed on a yearly basis. COFLEXIP recommends that thisinspection is done by COFLEXIP at a convenient COFLEXIP facility, when and where this ispracticable.

9.4.5 Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (section 6 - Para. 6.4)

COFLEXIP recommends that at least one major survey is done by COFLEXIP at a convenientCOFLEXIP facility during the first 10 years, preferably in the range of 3 to 6 years after theOEM original pressure test.

33

10.1 DEFINITION

Drag chain applications are specific to any flexibles which are installed within a drag chainsystem.These can be lines used for choke, kill, mud, cement, test and well completion fluid orother services, and as such are governed by sections 1 to 6 inclusive of this User's Guide.The drag chain itself also provides a supplementary mechanical protection outside thestainless steel outer wrap, thus the risk of external mechanical damage is significantlyreduced.Furthermore, each flexible length is specifically engineered to fit between the 2 rigidconnection points; it is the low diametric and longitudinal expansion factors which makeflexible steel pipes particularly suitable for these locations.The flexibles, once installed in the drag chain and hooked-up at each end, are in acontrolled, protected environment and therefore the inspection and test requirements aredifferent to other installations.


10.2.1 After platform installation and hook up

The high pressure flexibles, once fitted into the drag chains are installed as a package onto the platform and hooked up to the rigid piping at each end via the adapters.All lines should then be tested in accordance with the relevant API recommendations suchas API RP 53. Alternatively, it is recommended that these lines are tested at a minimum of110 % of the maximum expected working pressure.

10.2.2 Routine visual inspection (section 6 Para. 6.2)

The external visual inspection of the drag chain lines should be performed :• At platform installation upon completion of hook-up.• At subsequent 6 monthly periods, or after each skidding operation whichever comes first.• After any intervention or maintenance on the drag chain itself.• For Choke and Kill lines, at the first opportune moment after a kick has occurred, but no

more than 1 month after. This inspection to be recorded by the End Users QA/QCsystem.

10.2.3 Yearly test

On a yearly basis, from date of initial platform hook-up, COFLEXIP recommends that allCoflexip lines are pressure tested at 110 % of the maximum expected working pressure, inorder to verify the integrity of the lines.

10. DRAG CHAIN OPERATIONS

34

� Page 9 PARA 1.3.5 : For long lines (acidizing lines for example), typically lines longer than25m (80'), the End User should refer to Coflexip for advice on limitations in the use of thestandard handling collars. Special collars can be designed for specific needs.For further details on Acidizing Applications see Section 9.

� Page 11 PARA 1.6 : WARNING : You must be aware that a Coflexip flexible can bestronger than some of the pipework to which it is connected and that it will rarely be the "weakpoint" of a system.

� Page 14 PARA 2.1 : A similar protection should be reinstalled when the line is disconnected.It may consist in a metallic blind flange that fits the connection - which is preferable, or of agood wooden protection.This protection must ensure that :The inner bore of the line is closed to avoid accidental intrusion of any foreign material ;The connector, especially the seal area, is properly protected against impacts, etc.

� Page 14 PARA 2.1 : If stored below minimum rated temperature, ensure that no handling isdone before the line is brought back to the minimum rated temperature.

� Page 14 PARA 2.1 : The inner bore of a Coflexip line should be thoroughly flushed with freshwater prior to long term storage.

� Page 14 PARA 2.2 : Only qualified and trained personnel should handle flexible lines suchas those manufactured by Coflexip . Whilst we make every effort to assist End Users wheneverpossible on the methods of handling to be deployed , the final decision on the best methods forlocal conditions and capacities rests with End Users or their appointed agents , either of whomshould have their own procedures for such handling operations.Any rigging should be suitably adapted to the specific flexible line in question , as mishandlingcan be dangerous to operators , surrounding personnel , equipment and property.The line must never be bent below the minimum bend radius, as this may damage it.• As a rule of thumb, the minimum bend radius is equal to :

MBR = 12 x IDThe accurate value of the MBR of the line is part of the technical characteristics of theCoflexip structure and will have been supplied to the original End User : it can be obtainedfrom the nearest Coflexip office.The minimum bend radius (MBR) must be respected at all times, whether the line is underpressure or not.User should avoid bending the flexible just behind the end-fitting. As a rule of thumb, astraight length of about 0.6 to 0.9metre (2 to 3 feet) should be used as a safety distance.See section 1.7 - FAILURE MODES OF Coflexip FLEXIBLE LINESThe use of wire ropes or chains may damage the anti-corrosion treatment of the end-fitting.If so required, use a shackle connected through the eye of the handling collar. Never usewire ropes or chains directly against the stainless steel outer-wrap. If force needs to beapplied to the body of the flexible line itself, use soft slings.

• Moving flexible line on the ground• Do not attach slings directly to the end-fitting - use the handling collar provided. Always

connect slings to both eyes in order to have the pulling force in a straight line through themain axis of the flexible pipe.

• Prevent abrasion of the flexible line against the ground; use wooden supports or planks.If a forklift has to be used to lift a flexible line, soft slings must be used to prevent damage, andto prevent the flexible line from falling off the forks (see Coflexip Handling Guide inside cover).End User assumes all responsibility for essential Safety precautions to avoid injury or death inconnection with these operations.

� Page 15 PARA 2.3 : The best way to achieve this is to support the weight of the line throughthe use of the handling collar, then control the alignment with a non-metallic rope or slingattached about 0.9 metre (3 feet) behind the end-fitting :

� Page 16 PARA 3 : These lines must never be used for any purpose other than the original forwhich the line was supplied and which is stamped on the end-fitting fitting identification collar(see section 1.3). In case of doubt, contact the nearest COFLEXIP office for information onguidelines to be respected.

11.SUMMARY OF INSTRUCTIONS

35

� Page 16 PARA 3.1 : In case of doubt please contact the nearest Coflexip office.

� Page 21 PARA 4 : Flexible lines removed from service upon expiration of the service lifeshould be stamped "NOT REUSABLE" or preferably cut into pieces.

� Page 23 PARA 6.1 : Although common practice for most Users of such flexibles, it is stronglyrecommended that a record of all service work should be maintained for each line.

� Page 25 PARA 6.6 : These tests are carried out at the End User’s risk. It must be stressed thata catastrophic burst can be the result of these tests (although extremely unlikely on wellmaintained flexibles), and that all precautions MUST be taken to avoid damage and/or injury(see section 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF Coflexip FLEXIBLE LINES.


� Page 27 PARA 7.1.1 : One should always check the temperature and pressure ratings beforeusing cement lines in well control operations.

� Page 27 PARA 7.2 : The use of a Choke and Kill line as a Test line is unsafe and must beprohibited


� Page 29 PARA 7.5.6 : BOP stack lines cannot be re-used on another stack without a detailedstudy confirming the lines are compatible with the new installation. In case of doubt pleasecontact the nearest Coflexip office.

� Page 30 PARA 8.2 : Each individual Drill Stem Test should not exceed 72 hours.

� Page 30 PARA 8.3 : Under no circumstances should vented lines be used under water norshould either of their extremities be immersed. This could lead to long term corrosion of thearmour wires and risks of failure. (See Chapter 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF CoflexipFLEXIBLE LINES).

v

� Page 31 PARA 9.1.1 : The handling of the Coflexip flexible lines should be carried out byqualified and trained personnel using adapted lifting/handling equipment.The deployment of the flexible lines should be carried out following the End User’s operatingprocedures in which all safety aspects should be covered.When connecting acidizing lines from independent vessels to platforms, the lines should beconnected to the platform pipe work through an external connection point capable of bearingthe loads applied by the flexible pipe. It must be noted that the flexible pipe must neverbe considered as the weak point of a system, its breaking load being severalhundred tons.When the flexible pipe is deployed from a winch, the whole length of pipe MUST be paid out sothat the QCDC (Quick Connect Dis-Connect) or QDC (Quick Dis-Connect) assembly is allowedto operate in a fast and reliable manner.Relying on the freewheeling of the winch can at best cause some loss of time in circumstanceswhere time is critical.

A guide system should be fitted as part of the winch installation which ensures that the flexiblepipes approach angle with the winch drum is kept within reasonable limits , thus ensuring correctoperation of the emergency disconnect system when required.

� Page 32 PARA 9.3 : Under no circumstances should vented lines be used under water norshould either of their extremities be immersed. This could lead to long term corrosion of thearmour wires and risks of failure. (See Chapter 1 Para. 1.7 FAILURE MODES OF CoflexipFLEXIBLE LINES).

� Page 32 PARA 9.4.1 : After completion of any fracturing and/or acidizing operations , thelines should be thoroughly flushed with water.

REMINDER : COFLEXIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY SAVE AS EXPRESSLYAGREED IN WRITING WITH END USER.

Tour Technip-Coflexip170, Place Henri RégnaultLa Défense 6, 92973 Paris La Défense Cedex – France.Tel : + 33 01 47 78 21 21 - Fax : + 33 01 47 78 33 40

Division Headquarters :22 Rue Jean Huré, BP 7, 76580 Le Trait – France.Tel : + 33 2 35 05 50 00 – Fax : + 33 2 35 05 50 17

Worldwide internet adresses :http://www.technip-coflexip.comhttp://www.coflexip.com/draps.asp?rub=5

Main Sales Offices of the Drilling, Refining and Onshore Division

Europe, Africa, Middle East and South Asia :Coflexip S.A.Drilling, Refining and Onshore Division22 Rue Jean Huré, 76580 Le Trait – France. Tel : + 33 2 35 05 50 00 – Fax : + 33 2 35 05 50 17

UK Sector : Coflexip Stena Offshore LtdDrilling, Refining and Onshore DivisionStena House, Westhill Industrial Estate, Westhill, Aberdeenshire AB32 6TQ, U.K..Tel : + 44 1224 744044 – Fax : + 44 1224 407671

North and South America :Coflexip Stena Offshore IncDrilling, Refining and Onshore Division16661 Jacintoport Blvd, Houston, TX 77015, United States.Tel : + 1 281 457 9300 – Fax : + 1 281 452 6100

Asia Pacific :Coflexip Singapore Pty Ltd :Loyang Offshore Supply Base, Box 5161, Jetty Drive,Loyang Crescent, Singapore, 508988.Tel : + 656 546 9100 – Fax : + 656 546 9122

imp.

sod

imp

al

- 02

35

05 9

0 40

-

Rev

. 04

- 0

7/20

02

335 coflexip

Documents

testing of lines

external inspection

internal inspection

repair of flexible lines

kill lines

acidizingfracturing

ptl lines definition

installation pressure