223979610 adverb and adverbial phrases

8/20/2019 223979610 Adverb and Adverbial Phrases

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JEEIVITA KATHIRVELU PILLAINUR AFFIA BINTI HELIMIN

MOHD RAHMAT BIN ABDULLAHTAUFIQ


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Adverb : Single word which modifies verbE.g; The sun shine brightly, he smile widely.

(bright, wide= adjective + -ly ) Adverbial : Words and phrases that modifies

verb similarly to adverbE.g; She called this morning.


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Clause : group of words which consist ofsubject and verb

E.g ; she walked , I cried

Phrase : a group of words which usuallyconsist of present / past participleE.g; speeding away, Katy and Samantha


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Tells us when something happens and start withwords like when, now, as long as, as soon as,until and while.

Eg :1. A lie can travel half way around the worldwhile the truth is just putting on its shoes.

2. As long as you complete your homework, youmay go to the playground.


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Applicable if the clause has a form of be. Basic rule of changing/reducing a clause into

a phrase is omitting the noun/pronoun

While they were in Italy, they had trouble. While in Italy, they had trouble.

‘they were’ are omitted = clause is reducedinto a phrase.


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Try to reduce;Eg: While I was in Italy, they had

trouble.

*While in Italy, they had trouble. Reduction of clause cannot be done because

sentence will become ambiguous. Thus, reduction of clause into a phrase need to

take into consideration the noun/pronoun thatexist in the sentence

More than 1 noun – cannot do reduction


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Applicable if clause has no form of be.1. Noun/pronoun is omitted – verb is changed

into ‘-ing’ form. Before we left, we visited Rome Before leaving, we visited Rome When they saw Lisa speak, many of them are

surprised On/upon seeing Lisa speak, many of them are

surprised.


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2. Noun/pronoun is omitted – add ‘having’ +past participle

After they had opened the door, they saw theblood

After having opened the door, they saw theblood


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Omission of subordinating conjunction in clausechange it into adverbial phrase

While I sit on the porch, I thought about myfuture. Sitting on the porch, I thought about my future.

While they waited at the hospital, they weredeeply troubled.

Waiting at the hospital, they were deeplytroubled.


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How to remember? Adverb clause > adverb phrase > adverbial

phrase Since the children were sleeping in the car,

the children were not aware of what washappening.

Since sleeping in the car, the children werenot aware of what was happening. Sleeping in the car, the children were not

aware of what was happening.


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Watch video :-

http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=ez3zMBM


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Time clauses with "while" and "when" can bereduced by deleting the subject and "be" verb.

If there is no "be" verb, change the verb in thesubordinating clause to its -ing form. Sometimesthe subordinator (when or while) can be deleted aswell.

If the subjects are different, you may not reducethe adverbial clause.

Be careful when reducing time clauses that come atthe end of sentences.


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223979610 adverb and adverbial phrases

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