2019 Title 24:Upcoming Changes

May 23, 2018

Nick Brown

President, Build Smart

Past President, Merlex Stucco

Powerpoint Love-Hate

• “Bullets don’t inspire. Stories do”

• “If you choose to use slides, use more pictures than words.”

• “people recall and retain information more effectively when it’s presented in the form of a story, not bullet points”

• “…and don’t use bullet points. Ever.”

Title 24 Walls: a Timeline

20082x4, R-13U=.102

20132x4, R-13+R-5U=.065

20162x6, R-19+R-5U=.051

20192x6, R-21+R-5U=.048

What ActuallyHappened

Title 24 ResidentialPrescriptiveStandard

100%

50%

% one-coat

2019 Title 24 Changes

2019 code cycle starts 1/1/2020

This is the “net-zero” code cycle

Solar panels prescriptive standard

QII prescriptive standard

Wall U-factor changes (minor)

Window U/SHGC changes

Battery storage credit

Hospitals now covered by Nonres

Embedded in the Title 24 Process

Every 3 years, the CEC’s team has to find 20-30% energy savings that:

Payback within 30 yearsIndustry won’t vetoBuildableTechnology is ready

CASE teams propose changesStakeholder meetingsCEC evaluates CASE reports

CEC puts out 45-day language

CEC puts out 15-day language

Final version approved

Through this process, all the low-hanging fruit become energy code standard

How Walls Played Out in 2019

Original CASE Report came out recommending 1.5” foam in CZ 1 & 11-16

I interviewed many of you about this; as a result cost of 1.5” foam walls doubled, cost-effectiveness went down, we raised issues of longer fasteners, window bucks, waterproofing. Building industry likely spoke out against, and CEC chose not to go that far

Wall Changes - Residential

CASE Report proposed R-19+R-7.5 (1.5” GPS) in Central Valley (.043)

Settled on R-21+R-5 (.048) in 1-5,8-16

Was R-19+R-5 (.051)

Biggest news for Residential Walls is other parts of the code

QII prescriptive standard

Windows .30/.23

Solar panels prescriptive standard

Attics R-19 under roof deck

Fan watt draw down from .58 to .45 W/cfm

Door U-factor .20 (was .50)

When other options are taken away, HPWs are more widely used.

How Modeling Software Works

Planned House

Actual design features

Climate Zone 10 (Riverside)

Standard House

Prescriptive Package features

Climate Zone 10

2x6 R-19 walls

R-38 attic

QII

16 SEER, 93 afue HVAC

Windows .30/.29, 25% glazing

Whole House fan

2x6 R-21+R-5 walls

R-38+R-19 attic

QII

14 SEER, 78.5 afue HVAC

Windows .30/.23, 20% glazing

Whole House fan

Cool Roof Tile

How Modeling Software Works

Planned House

Actual design features

Standard House

Prescriptive Package features

5,980 kWh

578 therms

32.96 TDV

6,198 kWh

560 therms

34.84 TDV

BUILDING COMPLIES

Residential Software: now vs 2020

Same house run against proposed 2019 standards:EDR is ~2.4 points too high. 3 kW PV array is 23 EDR (meets Minimum Required). We must bring down Efficiency EDR to comply

Finer Points

EDR (Energy Design Rating) is ratio of building energy use to 2006 code building, where 100 is 2006 code efficiency and 0 is net-zero.

PV panels must produce enough electricity to cover electric usage only

Natural gas load does not need to be covered by PV

Exceptions to PV requirement:

Roof too small, too shaded

Batteries that shift grid electric usage from peak to off-peak count toward the EFFICIENCY EDR target

Changes – High-Rise & Commercial

Multifamily >3 storiesLighting allowance reduced to LED wattages (was easy credit)

Shifted from commercial ventilation standard to residential ventilation standard =>30% lower airflow

Balanced ventilation required or blower door test verifying low leakage between units

MERV 13 air filtration

Wall U-factor .051 (R-19+R-5)

CommercialLighting allowance reduced to LED wattages (was easy credit)

Wall U-factors remain same

How Much PV Will Be Required?

Formula is based on sqft & bedrooms

PV=CFA/1000*A+Units*B

Exceptions:

1) Roof area<80sf

2) Reduced 25%

w/ battery

3) Community PV

2000 sqft SF Home

per Home

CZ Min kW PVW/sqft

4 2.4 1.2

7 2.3 1.1

10 2.7 1.3

12 2.6 1.3

14 2.7 1.4

15 4.6 2.3

Current Residential Wall Standards

.065

.048

No Change(Metal-framed.069/.105/.048)

Assemblies that Meet Standards

NOTE: Commercial buildings and Metal-framed High-Rise Residential have different U-factors

Other Alternatives to Comply

More efficient HVAC systems, water heaters, windows, etc.

Higher performance attics incl. unvented

Reduced glazing, window shading

Drainwater heat recovery credit (NEW!) ~3%

Battery credit subs for efficiency & PV

Can Builders Still Use Traditional Walls?

Status Quo: what other measures in home would it take to compensate for not meeting prescriptive standard for HPWs (2019 code)?

To use traditional 2x4 R-13 walls, a typical production home in Irvine required:

16 SEER HVAC, QII, Tankless .95, Attic R-38+R-19, Whole house fan, Cool roof, Windows .27/.23

If using 2x6 R-19 walls, same home required:16 SEER HVAC, QII, Tankless .82, Attic R-38, Windows .27/.23

If using 2x6 R-19+R-5 walls, could save on other upgradesDifferent in all climate zones

Bats in Cavity

3-coat over CI – also possible

Table appears in CEC’s Residential Compliance Manual

Specifies how to fasten lath over foam sheathing

Various cladding weights

11 psf = 3-coat stucco

Other tables for metal framing, furred assemblies

You can have your 7/8” stucco plus CI

Case Study #1: Riverside CZ10

Typical 2016 code-compliant 2-story, 2,500 sqft, 4 BR

R-19 walls, R-38+R-13 attic

16 SEER, 93 afue HVAC

Efficiency Upgrades Needed:

Whole house fan, R-38+R-19 attic, CRRC roof tile, R-19+R-4 walls

PV Needed: 3 kW (10 panels)

2016 code

2019 code

Before & After Upgrades

Case Study #1: Riverside Battery

Adding 7.5 kWh battery replaces R-19+R-4 wall upgrade, cool roof tile, whole house fan, 16 SEER A/C upgrade, and 1 solar panel

Battery subs for efficiency measures AND PV

Cost of Compliance

Other Options

R-4 CI walls 16 SEER 93 afue furnace QII Refrig Chg Tankless .95

Climate Zone

Compliance %

Improvement*

Compliance %

Improvement*

Compliance %

Improvement*

Compliance %

Improvement*

Compliance %

Improvement*

Compliance %

Improvement*

3-Oakland 7.6% 0.1% 11.5% 9.7% 0.0% 4.5%

4-Paso Robles 6.0% 1.4% 7.9% 9.1% 1.0% 3.3%

7-San Diego 4.3% 1.3% 4.5% 5.9% 0.7% 6.3%

8-Irvine 4.5% 5.0% 3.8% 8.9% 3.7% 4.2%

9-L.A. 4.9% 4.5% 3.3% 9.5% 4.3% 2.7%

10-Riverside 5.0% 4.3% 3.6% 9.8% 3.8% 2.6%

11-Red Bluff 5.7% 3.7% 4.4% 9.3% 4.1% 1.4%

12-Sacramento 6.1% 2.8% 6.5% 10.2% 3.1% 2.2%

13-Fresno 5.3% 3.9% 3.9% 8.8% 4.7% 1.4%

Average 5.5% 3.0% 5.5% 9.0% 2.8% 3.2%

Estimated Cost ~$1,100 ~$500 ~$500 ~$750 ~$250 ~$350

The House is a Competition

Contact Us

Nick Brown

(714) 984-3397

nick@buildsmartgroup.com

www.buildsmartgroup.com