2010 national conference on health statistics august 18, 2010 location: omni shoreham hotel,...
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2010 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTH STATISTICS
AUGUST 18, 2010 LOCATION: OMNI SHOREHAM HOTEL, WASHINGTON DC
Child and Family Well-being: How is it Related to Work and Welfare Receipt?
Kristin Anderson Moore, Ph.D. Kassim Mbwana, M.P.P.David Murphey, Ph.D.
Contact: [email protected]
Purpose2
Who are the children on public assistance/welfare?
Do patterns vary by state?
What are the associations between welfare, work patterns, and children’s outcomes?
3
Sponsored by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Representative at national and state levels; data collected in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Telephone interviews, based on SLAITS, completed from 2007 to early 2008. Interviews conducted in English and Spanish.
N= 91,642 children ages 0-17, with approximately 1,725-1,932 children per state (micro data)
Has information on child well-being and children’s contexts.
Available to the public at [email protected], www.nschdata.org/Content/RequestADataset.aspx, and www.cdc.gov/nchs
The National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH)
The National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH)
The NSCH is a health-focused survey, but it also includes information on children’s:
Social development; Behavior; School outcomes; Families; Neighborhoods; and Economic well-being and receipt of program
assistance.
4
Children in Families at 200% FPL on TANF or Other Public Assistance (“Welfare”)5
TANF (11%)
SNAP (33%)
School Lunch (59%)
SCHiP/Medicaid (57%)
Worked 50 of 52 weeks (78%)
16%
2%
61%
21% 0%Work, No Welfare: 16%
No Work, No Welfare: 2%
Work, On Welfare: 61%
No Work, On Welfare: 21%
Other: <1%
Work and Welfare for Families at or Below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level
Children in Families at 100% FPL on TANF or Other Public
Assistance (“Welfare”) 6
TANF (19%)
SNAP (56%)
School Lunch (72%)
SCHiP/Medicaid (72%)
Worked 50 of 52 weeks (64%)
5%2%
58%
34%1% Work, No
Welfare: 5%
No Work, No Welfare: 2%
Work, On Welfare: 58%
No Work, On Welfare: 34%
Other: 1%
Work and Welfare for Families at or Below 100% of the Federal Poverty Level
Single-mother Families
Approximately 19% of children live in single-mother families.
Approximately 19% of children live in families at or below 100% of the federal poverty level.
Of children in poverty, 41% live in single-mother families; N=4,621
7
Children in Single-mother Families at 100% FPL on TANF or
Other Public Assistance8
TANF (25%)
SNAP (70%)
School Lunch (80%)
SCHiP/Medicaid (77%)
Worked 50 of 52 weeks (56%)
2% 1%
53%
43%
1% Work, No Welfare: 2%
No Work, No Welfare: 1%
Work, On Welfare: 53%
No Work, On Welfare: 43%
Other: 1%
Work and Welfare for Single-motherFamilies ≤100% of the Federal Poverty Level
Children in Single-mother Families at or Below 100% of FPL and Receiving TANF
9
3.5%- 19.0%19.1%- 27.1%27.2%-34.0%34.1%-60.5%
Children in Single-mother Families at or Below 100% of FPL Receive Some Form of Public
Assistance10
86%- 90%91%- 95%95%-97%98%-99%
11
Child took care of self (6-11yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
No Work,
No Wel-fare
No work, Wel-fare
Work, Wel-fare
Work, No
Wel-fare
0-100% 101-200%
201-300%
301-400%
401%+0
10
20
30
40
50
0.56 6
13
612 12 10
14
12
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
No Work,
No Welfare
No work,
Welfare
Work, Welfare
Work, No
Welfare
0-100% 101-200%
201-300%
301-400%
401%+0
20
40
60
80
100
48
71 69 69 6959 57 56 58
Eat Meals Together 5+ days (0-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
13
No Work,
No Welfare
No work,
Welfare
Work, Welfare
Work, No
Welfare
0-100% 101-200%
201-300%
301-400%
401% +0
20
40
60
80
100
33
4736
56
41 39
5258
63
Reads to Child 6+ days (0-5 yrs)
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
12
19 1711
1915
12 10 8
Watches TV More than 3 Hours (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
15
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
0
10
20
30
40
50
1622 20
1720 20 18 19
14
Low School Engagement (6-17 yrs)
16
0
20
40
60
80
100
71 71 7166
72 71 68 64 63
Adequate Sleep 6-7 nights (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
17
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
0
20
40
60
80
100 92
7282
93
72
8591 93 96
Child does at least one activity (6-17 yrs)
18
0
10
20
30
40
50
15
28 27
20
2825
2218 16
Low Social Competence (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
19
0
10
20
30
40
50
20
4035
24
3732
27 2520
High Externalizing Behavior (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
19
3027
19
30
2320 19
16
High Internalizing Behavior (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
21
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
0
10
20
30
40
50
3237 35 34 33
36 34 34 34
Poor Parent-child Communication(6-17 yrs)
22
0
10
20
30
40
50
31 3329
2530 30
23 21 22
High Parent Aggravation (0-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
Overall Findings23
Work, No welfare
No Work, No Welfare
Work, Welfare
No Work, Welfare
Reads to Child 6+ days (0-5yrs) Best Worst 3rd Best 2nd BestTells Stories or Sings to Child 6+ days (0-5yrs) Best Worst 2nd Best 3rd BestJob affected by Child Care (0-5) * * Worst 3rd BestChild took care of self (6-11) Worst 3rd Best * * Watches TV more than 3 hours (6-17) Best 2nd Best 3rd Best WorstLow school engagement (6-17) 2nd Best Best 3rd Best WorstChild does at least one activity (6-17) Best 2nd Best 3rd Best WorstAdequate sleep, 6-7 nights (6-17) Worst * * *Social competence (6-17) 2nd Best Best 3rd Best WorstEats meals together 5+ days (0-17yrs) * Worst * BestExternalizing Behavior (6-17) 2nd Best Best 3rd Best WorstInternalizing Behavior (6-17) * * 3rd Best WorstParent attends activities (6-17) Best 2nd Best 3rd Best WorstPoor Parent-Child Communications (6-17) 2nd Best Best 3rd Best WorstParent aggravation (0-17) Best 3rd Best 2nd Best Worst
Outcomes by work and welfare status (for 100% FPL)
Findings
Of the four work/welfare categories, those consistently among the low performers on children’s outcomes: Did not work 50 out of 52 weeks; and Were on welfare.
Welfare is associated with poorer child outcomes.
Poverty also seems associated with poorer child outcomes.
24
Research in the service of children
25
www.childtrends.orgwww.childtrendsdatabank.org
26
0
10
20
30
40
50
16 18 2016
1923
19
9 8
Job Affected by Child Care (0-5 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)
27
0
20
40
60
80
100
52 53 5567
55 52
66 6963
Tells Stories or Sings 6+ days (0-5 yrs)
28
0
10
20
30
40
50
13 1419 20 18 18
1410 10
Parent Sometimes/Never Attends Activities (6-17 yrs)
Child Outcomes, Work & Welfare (≤ 100% FPL)