2010 Decadal Review ofNuclear Physics: NP2010Nuclear Physics: NP2010

Recent developments achievements and plansRecent developments, achievements, and plans

National Research CouncilDivision on Engineering and Physical Sciences

Board on Physics and Astronomy (BPA)Michael Wiescher

University of Notre Dane

The Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science 2007Recent Developments and Projections Committee Plans for NP2010Committee Plans for NP2010

NSAC Long Range Plan

A five year plan organized andformulated by the communitythrough NSAC, advising DOE &NSF on science & developmentNSF on science & developmentpriorities in Nuclear Physics!

Selecting organizing & writing committeesTown meetings for sub‐communitiesNSAC meeting for entire communityNSAC meeting for entire communityWrite‐up of reportPresentation of report to NSACPresentation of report to agencies

NSAC Science Questions

NSAC Recommendations

The JLaB 12 GeV Program

Major Programs in Four Areas:

• The experimental study of the confinement of quarks – one of the outstanding questions of the 21st century physics 

• Dramatic improvements in our knowledge of the fundamental quark‐gluon structure of the nuclear building blocks 

• Further exploration of the limits of our understanding of nuclei in terms of nucleons and the N‐N force

• Precision experiments with sensitivity to TeVscale physics beyond the Standard Model

• And other science we can’t• And other science we can t foresee Larry Cardman (J‐Lab)

The JLaB 12 GeV Up‐Grade

Doubles accelerator energy from 6 GeV to 12 GeVAdds a new experimental hall D with a major new detector (GlueX)I t ll d t t i t f th t h ll (CLAS 12 & SHMS)Installs new detectors in two of the present halls (CLAS‐12 & SHMS)

Project Funding and Construction Underway since DOE approval in November 2008  (6 year construction project)First 12 GeV beam for physics in late 2014 

Achievements at RHIC

New developments since 2007 LRP:

1st f l i l t ti f t h tiRHIC(PHOBOS)10:00 o’clock

Jet Target12:00 o’clock (BRAHMS)

2:00 o’clock1st–ever successful implementation of stochastic cooling of bunched high‐energy beams

Substituted stochastic for electron cooling           

RHIC

PHENIX8:00 o’clock RF

2:00 o’clock

to save ~$80M & 5 years on RHIC luminosity upgrade vis‐à‐vis LRP ‐‐ complete by 2012

Suite of detector upgrades in progress

NSRLLINAC

Booster

STAR6:00 o’clock

4:00 o’clock

EBIS

Suite of detector upgrades in progress      to enhance sensitivity to rare processes,            to improve data rates, suppress backgrounds

Reached 500 GeV polarized proton collisions

AGS

Reached 500 GeV polarized proton collisions  to launch W‐boson production probe of antiquarkcontributions to proton spin

Tandems

Steve Vigdor (BNL)

Plans for RHIC physics

Up‐grade of PHENIX & STAR

Increase of RHIC luminosityIncrease of RHIC luminosity

US participation in heavy ion program at LHC at CERN with the detectors ALICE

Relativistic heavy ion beam experiments at FAIR/GSIexperiments at FAIR/GSI

LHC Accelerator at CERN

Long range plans e‐RHIC

MeRHIC and eRHIC @ BNL

MEIC and EIC @ JLab

250 GeV p↑100 GeV/A 10 30 GeV e↑

Beam dump

Pol. electronsourceeRHIC

detectorAdditionallinac

100 GeV/A Au,U

10 … 30 GeV e↑

p

eRHIC

MeRHIC+ detector

Coherent e-cooling

eRHIC

PHENIX

2 x 200 m SRF 2 x 200 m SRF linaclinac

~ 4 GeV per pass~ 4 GeV per pass

To Investigate:5 vertically separated

STAR

go The gluon structure of mattero The 3D structure of hadronso Physics beyond the Standard Model

recirculation passes in RHIC tunnel

Physics at FRIB

Properties of nucleonic matter– Classical domain of nuclear science

– Many‐body quantum problem: intellectual overlap to mesoscopicscience – how to understand the world from simple building blocks

Nuclear processes in the universe– Energy generation in stars, (explosive) nucleo‐synthesis

– Properties of neutron stars, EOS of asymmetric nuclear matter

Tests of fundamental symmetries– Effects of symmetry violations are 

amplified in certain nuclei

Societal applications and benefits– Bio‐medicine, energy, material 

sciences, national securitysciences, national security

Konrad Gelbke (NSCL/MSU)

Developments at FRIB

FRIB site decision has been made in spring 2009 in favor of MSU

Driver linac capable of E/A ≥ 200 MeV for all ions, Pbeam ≥ 400 kWEasy to implement upgrade options (tunnel can house E/A = 400 MeV uranium driver linac, ISOL, multi-user capability …)

Schedule for FRIB

• Technical choices will be reexamined with science community input, peer review, DOE review and approval

– Possible choices (a.k.a. alternatives) will be documented in a Conceptual Design CD‐1 ( ) p gReport (CDR) together with the preferred alternatives indicated. The CDR is subject to DOE approval

– Following Preliminary Engineering and Design, FRIB will have performance baseline( h d l ) d fi d hi b li i bj O l

CD‐2(scope, cost, schedule) defined. This baseline is subject to DOE approval.

– After detailed design, project starts construction (subject to DOE approval)

– Pre‐operations after construction leads to project completion (subject to DOE approval)

CD‐3CD‐4

approval)

Feb 2004 Q3 2010 Q3 2012 Q3 2013 > Sep 2017

Physics at DUSEL

Kevin Lesko (LBNL)

Achievements at DUSEL4850 ft level reached, 1st level of experimental facilities

S4 decisions by NSF for 9 design grants in

Developments at DUSEL

Three one –level lab modules and one two lab module are planned for initial experiments at the 4850 ft level

Primary experiments in discussion:DIANA and low level counting facility

Subject to approval by NSF, DOE science council

Schedule for DUSEL

International Situation in accelerator based efforts

HRIBF

International Situation in underground efforts

Roadmap for existing and planned underground laboratories with the size of the boxcorresponding to the relative space for experiments at each depth. These facilities aretypically shared or primarily funded by other disciplines such as particle astrophysics.

Internationalization

The growth in project size and costs may requireprioritization and/or internationalization of effortsprioritization and/or internationalization of efforts

Hadron Physics at MAMI (Germany), J‐PARC (Japan) , GSI/FAIR (Germany)

RHIC Physics at LHC (Europe), GSI/FAIR (Germany)

RIB Physics at RIKEN (Japan) ISAC II (Canada) GANIL (France) GSI/FAIR (Germany)RIB Physics at RIKEN (Japan), ISAC II (Canada), GANIL (France), GSI/FAIR (Germany)

Neutrino Physics at Gran Sasso (Italy), SNO (Canada), Daya Bay (China),

Fundamental Symmetries at PSI (Switzerland)

Should that trend be strengthened or complementedShould that trend be strengthened or complemented by stronger US efforts in certain areas?

Nuclear Physics at NIF

192 high power laser driven high temperature (~20 MK), high density (1000 g/cm3), shorttime scale (1 ns) experiments. In 2010, NIF will begin experiments on hydrogen fueledcapsules. Goals: applications, nuclear astrophysics, plasma physics, extreme matterp pp , p y , p p y ,physics.

Concept and Plans at NIF

1 shot per day

Laser ignition fusion

First shots being successfully made! Main goal is to develop the diagnostics for future experiments in nuclear astrophysics, dense matter hydro‐ physics, plasma physics, and neutron production for LIFE!

Long Range Plan at NIF

From NIF to LIFENational Ignition Facility at LLNL

1019 neutron/shotTo Laser Induced Fusion Energy

A shot rate of 15Hz will produce a sufficientproduce a sufficient neutron flux for driving a subcritical fission 

treactor

NP2010 Committee

NP1999 Schiffer Report  (14 members)

1. The Structures of the Nuclear Building Blocks 2 Th St t f N l i2. The Structure of Nuclei 3. Matter at Extreme Densities 4. The Nuclear Physics of the Universe 5 Symmetry Tests in Nuclear Physics5. Symmetry Tests in Nuclear Physics 6. The Tools of Nuclear Physics 7. Nuclear Physics and Society

Requirements & Considerations for NP2010

max of 18 Members of NP2010 Committee6 sub‐fields of NP to be covered2‐3 experts per sub‐field, 1 theoristMinority & gender issues to be consideredMinority & gender issues to be consideredInternational representatives required

NP2010 CommitteeQuark structure of nucleus:Betsy Beise (Maryland) ‐ former NSF program directorLarry Cardman (JLab) ‐ NSAC experienceDavid Kaplan (UWash) – Director Institute for Nuclear TheoryDavid Kaplan (UWash) – Director, Institute for Nuclear TheoryBack‐up:David Herzog (U. Illinois)Dirk Walecka (William and Mary)

RHIC/Quark matter:Barbara Jacak (Stony Brook, NAS) –NSAC experience, NP1999Volker Koch (LBNL) – theoristSteve Vigdor (BNL) – Director of RHIC NP1999Steve Vigdor (BNL)  Director of RHIC, NP1999Back‐up:Krishna Rajagopal (MIT) – theoristBill Zajc (Columbia) – Head of Phenix experiment, NSAC experience

Nuclear Structure PhysicsAni Aprahamian (U. Notre Dame) ‐ former NSF program director, NSAC experienceBrad Sherrill (NSCL MSU) ‐ Radioactive beam physics, NSAC experienceWitek Nazarewicz (U Tenn/ORNL) – theorist NSAC experience NP1999Witek Nazarewicz (U. Tenn/ORNL)  theorist, NSAC experience, NP1999Back‐up:Dick Furnstahl (Ohio State) ‐ theoristRainer Kruecken (TU Munich, Germany) ‐ representing German initiatives

NP2010 Committee

Fundamental PhysicsBrad Filippone (Caltech) –NSAC experience, NP1999Stuart Freedman (UC Berkeley) NSAC, NP1999Wick Haxton (now UC Berkeley) NSAC, NP1999, (may not be available), Back‐up:pJohn Beacom (Ohio State)Steve Elliot (LANL)Hamish Robertson (U. Washington)

N l A h iNuclear AstrophysicsKarlheinz Langanke (GSI Darmstadt) – Science Director GSI, theorist (may not be available)Hendrik Schatz (NSCL/MSU) – NSAC experienceMichael Wiescher (U. Notre Dame) ‐ BPA representative( ) pBack‐up:Jim Truran (U. Chicago, ANL)George Fuller (UC San Diego)Yong Qian (U. Minnesota)g Q ( )

NP2010 Committee

Nuclear Physics ApplicationsWalter Kutschera (Vienna) – forensics and analytical applicationsTom Ruth (TRIUMF, Canada) ‐ biomedical applicationsSteve Wenders (LANL) ‐ nuclear energy/ transmutationBack‐up: Ed Hartouni (LLNL) ‐ nuclear forensicsEd Hartouni (LLNL)  nuclear forensicsSusan Seestrom (LANL) – homeland securityAnna Hayes (LANL)

Education & Societal ImpactJolie Cizewski (Rutgers) ‐ homeland security applications, NSAC education study

Possible committee chairs:Possible committee chairs:

Wick Haxton (UC Berkeley)  declinedStuart Freedman (UC Berkeley)Brad Filippone (CalTech) declinedBrad Filippone (CalTech) declinedWitek Nazarewicz (U.Tenn, ORNL)