2010 aiaa rocket launch competition
DESCRIPTION
2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition. AIAA Competition Goals. All teams are provided with a “kit” – set of (mostly cardboard) templates to assist with rocket assembly Our kit will be a “North Star” design seen on the right - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
All teams are provided with a “kit” – set of (mostly cardboard) templates to assist with rocket assembly
Our kit will be a “North Star” design seen on the right◦ 2 stages – K-sized engines (approx 2100 N-s impulse,
200 lbf thrust) choice of different engines of varying thrust and burn times available
AIAA Competition Goals:◦ Model rocket flight path as accurately as possible,
results are compared to actual launch results◦ Flight stability and reliably is most important aspect of
competition◦ Secondary goal is to reach as a high an altitude as
possible◦ Must deliver a payload to apogee, jettison it to take
flight data, and return all rocket parts safely to ground Primary payload is provided by a local high school, who
will be working with the team to integrate their project into our rocket design
![Page 4: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
High school team tasked to design and build payload for the rocket, which will be flown to apogee (max altitude ~ 10k ft) to record and store flight or atmospheric data
Quality and accuracy of data most important competition output
Payload structural/electrical durability and ease of integration most important part of rocket team’s needs
![Page 5: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
To provide Young Professionals the opportunity to apply their engineering and project management skills to develop a hands-on, fast paced project, which will allow team members to prepare their product and see it in action as part of a competition on a yearly basis.
Most participants have never have the opportunity at work to design and build a system of this magnitude from scratch, then watch it in action.◦ Also provides team members with an opportunity to practice skills or learn
new related skills which do not get tested on a regular basis at work
Also provides an opportunity for professional networking among coworkers, the ability to work and network with project mentors
![Page 6: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Thrust(depends on engine)
Gravity
Drag(varies with velocity)
Wind (Drag Component)
X
Y
F = ma
Through flight, rocket will get lighter (fuel burned), and faster (more drag) – forces always changing
![Page 7: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cg, Cp positions and symmetry for every stage of flight determine stability
Cp – “Center of Pressure”
Cg – “Center ofGravity” (also center of mass for our purposes)
Stabilizing torque
1. How do we raise the center of mass?
2. How do we lower the center of pressure?
![Page 8: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Center of mass raised:- by adding more mass to front (payload) or - by moving same mass higher in rocket
Moving mass higher preferred -- heavier rocket will not accelerate as quickly (waste of fuel)
Center of pressure lowered:- by making fins larger
Larger fins cause more drag, so rocket will not fly as high at fast speeds
![Page 9: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What if the Cg and Cp are too close together? Rocket is “understable” – small changes in force means rocket may fly
erratically
Rocket is “overstable” – will fly towards wind, which lowers max altitude and makes rocket land miles away (also inefficient)
What if the Cg and Cp are too far apart?
Rocket is “unstable” – will fly erratically or not at all
What if Cg is behind Cp?
![Page 10: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Engine burn (Ascent)0–6k feet
Burnout, coast6-10k feet
Chute Ejection, recovery10k-0 ft
Semi-parabolic trajectory (free-fall)
Exponential trajectory (arcing)
Linear trajectory (terminal velocity)
![Page 11: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Wind
X
Y
Ascent
Coast
Recovery
Time
Velocity
Max G
Burnout
Apogee
Terminal Velocity
Max Q
Burnout
Chute Ejection
![Page 12: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Engines are classified into a lettering system based on their total impulse (N*s).
Smallest is “A” at 2.5 N*s, for every following letter the total impulse is effectively doubled.
Model rockets use up to the letter “F” (highest letter legally purchasable in CA without a permit)
Most smaller engines use black powder as the propellant.
ALL engines use common nomenclature to estimate its properties:
C6-5Classification
Average thrust (Newtons)
Ejection charge delay (sec)
![Page 13: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
HPR engines range from “G” through “M” and all require NAR (National Association of Rocketry) Certification to launch individually
“M” requires special Level 3 Certification
These engines are not pre-built, they require loading grains into a reloadable mount.
Typically fuel is Ammonium Perchlorate, the same propellant as found in space shuttle SRBs.
![Page 14: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Must collect and store data during launch Must be build to correctly fit payload bay (5.5”
diameter) Must adhere to weight maximums and minimums
◦ Cg of payload must be centered radially◦ Cg should be as high as possible axially
Must be able to tolerate expected forces during launch and landing◦ 8 G’s sustained during launch, possible “shock” during
landing after 20 ft/sec descent◦ Rocket will vibrate – payload may need to internally
dampen◦ Parts should not shift during launch
Should be self-powered◦ Internal battery should last from time when payload is
mounted into rocket, through landing
![Page 16: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Examples of data that can be recorded◦ Altitude (pressure)◦ Temperature◦ Acceleration in all axes◦ Velocity◦ Stress/Strain◦ GPS
Design considerations◦ You don’t want to record data while rocket is sitting
on launch pad – need to “trigger” data collection◦ How will you get data off payload once landed?
![Page 17: 2010 AIAA Rocket Launch Competition](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062323/5681529f550346895dc0c489/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
You may NOT use off-the-shelf data recording hardware◦ This is a competition rule
Entire payload should be able to easily integrate into rocket day of competition◦ Should be self-contained◦ External sensors if needed will need to be hard-
mounted to the rocket ahead of time
If transmitting data live, must not interfere with rocket’s telemetry frequencies◦ Rocket uses 900 Mhz and 2.4 Ghz for comm