2: rise of greek city-states
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1750 B.C. – 133 B.C. Ancient Greece Cory may. 2: Rise of Greek City-States. Geography: What was its role?. What is this?. What are we looking at?. What do you see?. Geography. LandScapes. Life by Sea. Aegean linked Greece to other cultures, themselves - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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2: Rise of Greek City-States
1750 B.C. – 133 B.C.
Ancient GreeceCory may
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Geography: What was its role?
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What is this?
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What are we looking at?
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What do you see?
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Geography
LANDSCAPES
Located on the Balkan Peninsula
Rugged coast, hundreds of harbors, mountains, & valleys
Farmed the valleys Isolated, self-sufficient
small city-states, or polis
Led to fierce rivalries
LIFE BY SEA Aegean linked Greece to
other cultures, themselves
Became skilled sailors & traded wine, olive oil, & marble
Bring back grains, metals, & ideas, like the Phoenician alphabet
Use seas to expand and settle across the Mediterranean world.
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The Polis
Major city with countryside. Two leveled cities
acropolis, or high city. Small populations help citizens share
responsibility Communities join in festivals
honoring the city’s god/goddess Male Landowners: Held the political
power
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Governing the Polis
Kings: Monarchy. Noble Landowners: Aristocracy
Could afford bronze weapons & horses/chariots
Oligarchy: Small, wealthy elite Merchants, farmers, & artisans
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New Warfare Methods
650 B.C.: iron replaces bronze for weapons because its cheaper. Citizens could afford weapons
The phalanx, a new formation, emerges
Requires intense drill, forms unity in armies
Leads to the dominance of: Sparta & Athens
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Sparta
Located in the Peloponnesus Slaves, or helots, worked the land Government: 2 kings & a council of
elders Citizens: male Spartans over 30 Harsh, disciplined life
Great military culture Women different, why? Isolated state
Lack art, trade, etc.
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Athens
Located in Attica Wealthy, but developed a democracy Solon, reformed government Led to rise of tyrants Cleisthenes creates the Council of
500 Limited democracy Female role in religion Boys receive extensive education
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Mythology & Foreigners
Greeks were polytheistic Zues presided over gods & humans Athena, Ares, Hades, Poseidon What roles did the gods play within
Greek society Called foreigners barbaroi